中国人保重庆公司发展战略研究
摘要
中国加入世界贸易组织后，中国保险业对外开放的进程加快，保险市场竞争将更加激烈。重庆国有财产保险公司既要面对实力强大的外资保险公司的挑战，又要抓住这几年保护期，全面提高自身能力。因此，必须全面审视自己，重新确定新的发展战略，在发展思路、目标定位、核心竞争力等一系列战略步骤上进行重大调整，不断增强综合实力，实现快速、健康地发展。
在绪论部份，阐明研究中国人保重庆公司发展战略的意义，分析当前财产保险研究文献的不足，提出本文的研究思路。通过介绍国际财产保险业的最新动态，并分析中国财产保险市场以及重庆财产保险业的现状，指出研究中国人保重庆公司发展战略的紧迫性。
按照战略管理理论的基本要求，本文重点对中国人保重庆公司的战略制定、战略实施与控制进行了全面阐述。通过对中国人保重庆公司的外部环境进行分析，找出12个关键影响因素，分别表示影响财产保险业和中国人保重庆公司的各种机会和威胁；并建立外部因素评价矩阵和竞争态势矩阵。通过对中国人保重庆公司内部条件分析，找出13个关键影响因素，分别表示中国人保重庆公司所具有的优势和弱点：并建立内部因素评价矩阵。
根据已知的25个关键外部因素和关键内部因素，采用swot矩阵产生13个备选的中国人保重庆公司发展战略；利用定量战略计划矩阵分析机动车辆保险业务的重点发展问题；指出差异化战略是中国人保重庆公司的必然选择，并进一步阐明中国人保重庆公司发展战略的核心是追求差异化的服务。
通过对财产保险产品实现过程的价值链分析指明中国人保重庆公司发展战略实施的关键环节在于实现管理体制创新、人力资源管理创新、产品开发创新、营销渠道创新、计算机信息技术创新、服务创新；文章的最后是内部控制制度完善和创新，这既是发展战略实施的保障，又是发展战略控制的核心内容。
After China's WTO entry, its insurance industry has being forced to accelerate the opening-up to foreign firms, and the fiercer competition looms on the insurance market. Chongqing state-owned property insurance companies not only have to meet the current challenges from strong foreign counterparts, but also have to take the advantage of the limited protecting period to improve their own competency all around. In such a situation, they should audit themselves, innovate and reshape the development strategy, and relocate the development policy, market targeting, key competitive edge so as to constantly strengthen their comprehensive competence and to develop rapidly and soundly.
The paper begins with elaborating the significance of studying the development strategy for People's Insurance Company of China (PICC), Chongqing Branch, analyzing the insufficient arguments in the current articles of related field, and briefing the train of researching thought of the paper. Then after reviewing the latest development in the international property insurance industry and after analyzing the present condition of the industry and the market in China especial in Chongqing, the paper addresses the urgency for studying the development strategy of PICC Chongqing Branch.
The paper focus on presenting the PICC Chongqing branch's strategic planning, implementation and controlling which are based on the requirements of strategic management theory. With the external environment analysis, 12 external key factors are identified as the main opportunities and threads confronting the PICC Chongqing Branch, and the external factors evaluation matrix and competitive trend matrix are set up accordingly. With the internal analysis of PICC Chongqing Branch, 13 internal key factors are identified as the main strengths and weaknesses of PICC Chongqing Branch, and the corresponding internal factors evaluation matrix is also established.
Based on the 25 key factors and relevant SWOT matrix, the paper has worked out 13 optional strategies for the development for PICC Chongqing Branch; especially analyze the key issue in the development of auto insurance market with the quantitative strategic planning matrix. It presents that the differentiation strategy is rational choice and pursuing the service differentiation is a key development strategy for PICC Chongqing Branch.
With the value chain analysis involved in the marketing insurance products, it is found out that the effective implementation of the development strategy for PICC Chongqing Branch mainly depends on the innovation in management, human resource exploitation, insurance products development, marketing channels, information technology application, and service. The perfection and innovation of internal controlling system is addressed as a critical part of the development strategy at the end of the paper.
在绪论部份，阐明研究中国人保重庆公司发展战略的意义，分析当前财产保险研究文献的不足，提出本文的研究思路。通过介绍国际财产保险业的最新动态，并分析中国财产保险市场以及重庆财产保险业的现状，指出研究中国人保重庆公司发展战略的紧迫性。
按照战略管理理论的基本要求，本文重点对中国人保重庆公司的战略制定、战略实施与控制进行了全面阐述。通过对中国人保重庆公司的外部环境进行分析，找出12个关键影响因素，分别表示影响财产保险业和中国人保重庆公司的各种机会和威胁；并建立外部因素评价矩阵和竞争态势矩阵。通过对中国人保重庆公司内部条件分析，找出13个关键影响因素，分别表示中国人保重庆公司所具有的优势和弱点：并建立内部因素评价矩阵。
根据已知的25个关键外部因素和关键内部因素，采用swot矩阵产生13个备选的中国人保重庆公司发展战略；利用定量战略计划矩阵分析机动车辆保险业务的重点发展问题；指出差异化战略是中国人保重庆公司的必然选择，并进一步阐明中国人保重庆公司发展战略的核心是追求差异化的服务。
通过对财产保险产品实现过程的价值链分析指明中国人保重庆公司发展战略实施的关键环节在于实现管理体制创新、人力资源管理创新、产品开发创新、营销渠道创新、计算机信息技术创新、服务创新；文章的最后是内部控制制度完善和创新，这既是发展战略实施的保障，又是发展战略控制的核心内容。
After China's WTO entry, its insurance industry has being forced to accelerate the opening-up to foreign firms, and the fiercer competition looms on the insurance market. Chongqing state-owned property insurance companies not only have to meet the current challenges from strong foreign counterparts, but also have to take the advantage of the limited protecting period to improve their own competency all around. In such a situation, they should audit themselves, innovate and reshape the development strategy, and relocate the development policy, market targeting, key competitive edge so as to constantly strengthen their comprehensive competence and to develop rapidly and soundly.
The paper begins with elaborating the significance of studying the development strategy for People's Insurance Company of China (PICC), Chongqing Branch, analyzing the insufficient arguments in the current articles of related field, and briefing the train of researching thought of the paper. Then after reviewing the latest development in the international property insurance industry and after analyzing the present condition of the industry and the market in China especial in Chongqing, the paper addresses the urgency for studying the development strategy of PICC Chongqing Branch.
The paper focus on presenting the PICC Chongqing branch's strategic planning, implementation and controlling which are based on the requirements of strategic management theory. With the external environment analysis, 12 external key factors are identified as the main opportunities and threads confronting the PICC Chongqing Branch, and the external factors evaluation matrix and competitive trend matrix are set up accordingly. With the internal analysis of PICC Chongqing Branch, 13 internal key factors are identified as the main strengths and weaknesses of PICC Chongqing Branch, and the corresponding internal factors evaluation matrix is also established.
Based on the 25 key factors and relevant SWOT matrix, the paper has worked out 13 optional strategies for the development for PICC Chongqing Branch; especially analyze the key issue in the development of auto insurance market with the quantitative strategic planning matrix. It presents that the differentiation strategy is rational choice and pursuing the service differentiation is a key development strategy for PICC Chongqing Branch.
With the value chain analysis involved in the marketing insurance products, it is found out that the effective implementation of the development strategy for PICC Chongqing Branch mainly depends on the innovation in management, human resource exploitation, insurance products development, marketing channels, information technology application, and service. The perfection and innovation of internal controlling system is addressed as a critical part of the development strategy at the end of the paper.
引文
[1] 李友声．祸兮?福兮?：中国保险业问题报告．沈阳出版社．2001
[2] 裴光．中国保险业竞争力研究．中国金融出版社．2001
[3] 马明哲．挑战竞争——论中国民族保险业的改革与发展．商务印书馆．1999
[4] 徐为山、俞自由．跨国保险集团战略管理研究．保险研究．2002(4)
[5] 张君．论我国保险公司组织形式的多元化．保险研究．2002(7)
[6] 陈向荣．论国有产险公司的发展战略．保险研究．2002(4)
[7] 2001年世界各国(或地区)保险业务情况统计．中国保险．2003(1)
[8] 中国保险年鉴1994——2002．北京．中国社会科学出版社
[9] 2002年世界经济展望．国家信息技术中心预测部．2001
[10] 重庆年鉴编辑委员会．重庆年鉴1997、1998、1999、2000、2001、2002．重庆科学技术出版社
[11] 中华人民共和国保险法．1995年6月30日第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十四次会议通过，根据2002年10月28日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第三十次会议《关于修改<中华人民共和国保险法>的决定》修正
[12] (美)迈克尔·波特．竞争优势．华夏出版社．1997
[13] 卓志．保险经营风险防范机制研究．西南财经大学出版社．1998
[14] 孙令．不同保险渠道的比较研究．金融与保险．2002(2)
[15] (美)迈克尔·波特．竞争战略——分析产业和竞争者的技巧．华夏出版社．1999
[16] 菲利普·科特勒著，梅汝和等译．营销管理．第九版．上海人民出版社．2001
[17] (美)雷蒙德·A·诺伊等著．人力资源管理．中国人民大学出版社．2001
[18] 吴敬琏．当代中国经济改革：战略与实施．上海远东出版社．1999
[19] (英)丹尼·萨姆森，大卫·查利斯．卓越管理—一流企业管理模式．江苏人民出版社．2000
[20] 杨成月、何光辉．我国保险创新实践及其未来发展潜力．财经论丛．2002(1)
[21] 斯帝芬·P·罗宾斯．组织行为学．中国人民大学出版社．2001
[22] 弗雷德·R·戴维著，李克宁译．战略管理．第六版．经济科学出版社．2001
[23] 马永伟、施岳群．当代中国保险．当代中国出版社．1996
[24] 马鸣家．中国保险市场．中国商业出版社．1994
[25] 保险研究．1997——2002各期
[26] 重庆保险．1997——2002各期．重庆市保险行业协会
[27] Strategic Management,Prentice Hall,Fred R.David, 1997,
[28] Alan Gart,1994,Regulation,Deregulation,Reregulation:the future of the banking, insurance,and securities industries,John Wiley & Sons.
[29] George E.Rejda, 1998,Principles of Risk Management and Insurance, Addison Wesley
[30] Harold D.Skipper, Jr.1998, Internation Risk and Insurance: An Environmental- Managerial Approach,Irwin McGraw-Hill.
[31] Kevin Lane Keller, 1998,Strategic Brand Management,Prentice Hall
[32] Lisa Endlich,1999,Goldman Sachs:The Culture of Success,Altred A.Knopf. Lord London 1999.
[33] Mark S.Dorfman,2000,Introdution to Risk Management and Insurance, Prentice-Hall
[34] CarterR L.Obstacle to the Liberalization on Trade in insurance [M],London 2000
[35] Dickinson G.changing International Insurance Market Brussels[M],European Policy Studies No.28,1997.
[36] Ker.Peter,Financial Times 6,2002,the Devlopment Stratege in Insurance Market after Enterion of WTO. 1999.
[37] Henny Mintzberg,James Brian Quinn,The Strategy Process,Prentice-Hall Inc, 1995.
[38] Insurance Company Operations, Gene Store, FLML, ACS, CLU 1993
[39] CarterR L.Obstacle to the Liberalization on Trade in insurance [M], London 2000
[40] Dickinson G.changing International Insurance Market Brussels[M], European Policy Studies No.28,1997.
[41] Dven.Tongni, Fortune Magazine Stratgic Management and Operation.2001.
[42] Ann Langley,The Roles of Formal Strategic Planning,Long Range Planning 22,no.1 (February 1998):91
[43] Peter J, Williamson, Strategy as Options on the Future, Sloan Management Review,Spring 1999.
[2] 裴光．中国保险业竞争力研究．中国金融出版社．2001
[3] 马明哲．挑战竞争——论中国民族保险业的改革与发展．商务印书馆．1999
[4] 徐为山、俞自由．跨国保险集团战略管理研究．保险研究．2002(4)
[5] 张君．论我国保险公司组织形式的多元化．保险研究．2002(7)
[6] 陈向荣．论国有产险公司的发展战略．保险研究．2002(4)
[7] 2001年世界各国(或地区)保险业务情况统计．中国保险．2003(1)
[8] 中国保险年鉴1994——2002．北京．中国社会科学出版社
[9] 2002年世界经济展望．国家信息技术中心预测部．2001
[10] 重庆年鉴编辑委员会．重庆年鉴1997、1998、1999、2000、2001、2002．重庆科学技术出版社
[11] 中华人民共和国保险法．1995年6月30日第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十四次会议通过，根据2002年10月28日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第三十次会议《关于修改<中华人民共和国保险法>的决定》修正
[12] (美)迈克尔·波特．竞争优势．华夏出版社．1997
[13] 卓志．保险经营风险防范机制研究．西南财经大学出版社．1998
[14] 孙令．不同保险渠道的比较研究．金融与保险．2002(2)
[15] (美)迈克尔·波特．竞争战略——分析产业和竞争者的技巧．华夏出版社．1999
[16] 菲利普·科特勒著，梅汝和等译．营销管理．第九版．上海人民出版社．2001
[17] (美)雷蒙德·A·诺伊等著．人力资源管理．中国人民大学出版社．2001
[18] 吴敬琏．当代中国经济改革：战略与实施．上海远东出版社．1999
[19] (英)丹尼·萨姆森，大卫·查利斯．卓越管理—一流企业管理模式．江苏人民出版社．2000
[20] 杨成月、何光辉．我国保险创新实践及其未来发展潜力．财经论丛．2002(1)
[21] 斯帝芬·P·罗宾斯．组织行为学．中国人民大学出版社．2001
[22] 弗雷德·R·戴维著，李克宁译．战略管理．第六版．经济科学出版社．2001
[23] 马永伟、施岳群．当代中国保险．当代中国出版社．1996
[24] 马鸣家．中国保险市场．中国商业出版社．1994
[25] 保险研究．1997——2002各期
[26] 重庆保险．1997——2002各期．重庆市保险行业协会
[27] Strategic Management,Prentice Hall,Fred R.David, 1997,
[28] Alan Gart,1994,Regulation,Deregulation,Reregulation:the future of the banking, insurance,and securities industries,John Wiley & Sons.
[29] George E.Rejda, 1998,Principles of Risk Management and Insurance, Addison Wesley
[30] Harold D.Skipper, Jr.1998, Internation Risk and Insurance: An Environmental- Managerial Approach,Irwin McGraw-Hill.
[31] Kevin Lane Keller, 1998,Strategic Brand Management,Prentice Hall
[32] Lisa Endlich,1999,Goldman Sachs:The Culture of Success,Altred A.Knopf. Lord London 1999.
[33] Mark S.Dorfman,2000,Introdution to Risk Management and Insurance, Prentice-Hall
[34] CarterR L.Obstacle to the Liberalization on Trade in insurance [M],London 2000
[35] Dickinson G.changing International Insurance Market Brussels[M],European Policy Studies No.28,1997.
[36] Ker.Peter,Financial Times 6,2002,the Devlopment Stratege in Insurance Market after Enterion of WTO. 1999.
[37] Henny Mintzberg,James Brian Quinn,The Strategy Process,Prentice-Hall Inc, 1995.
[38] Insurance Company Operations, Gene Store, FLML, ACS, CLU 1993
[39] CarterR L.Obstacle to the Liberalization on Trade in insurance [M], London 2000
[40] Dickinson G.changing International Insurance Market Brussels[M], European Policy Studies No.28,1997.
[41] Dven.Tongni, Fortune Magazine Stratgic Management and Operation.2001.
[42] Ann Langley,The Roles of Formal Strategic Planning,Long Range Planning 22,no.1 (February 1998):91
[43] Peter J, Williamson, Strategy as Options on the Future, Sloan Management Review,Spring 1999.