基于Labwindows/CVI的列车设备舱压差测试软件系统设计
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摘要
随着国内几大铁路客运专线的陆续开通,列车运行的速度越来越高。相应地,列车行车安全成为日益关注的重要问题,尤其是空气动力学问题越来越引起人们的重视。在列车以高速行驶、隧道运行、暴露于较强的侧风情况下可能产生明显的空气动力加载。车体气密性差的车辆在高速运行时车内空气压力将随车外压力波的变化而变化。倘若车内压力变化速率超过200Pa/S,则会使乘客耳膜疼痛甚至破裂。为了避免压力变化对旅客的不利影响,必须对车辆采取某些结构上的改进措施,因此国内外开始展开相关研究。
列车气动阻力和空气压力波对行车安全、车体结构和旅客舒适度产生影响。列车与地面之间的空气介质由于列车的运动造成流场变化,产生持续作用的气动载荷,此外还会大量吸入车外灰尘。通过对列车设备舱的气动波动测试,掌握设备舱在高速运行时的气动载荷特征,分析不同线路条件、不同运行工况对设备舱气动载荷的影响,验证设备舱气动载荷设计标准。
目前国内多应用车体表面开孔测压方法进行检测,由于线路环境复杂,沙尘多容易引起气孔的堵塞。针对传统数据采集系统通信接口缺乏灵活性的问题,本文提出一种基于LabWindows/CVI的高速数据采集系统,搭建基于TCP/IP协议的测控系统网络。采用十二个NS-I1型压力变送器和以NI公司M系列的USB6255作为硬件采集设备,笔记本电脑作为通信设备,选择LabWindows/CVI语言搭建数据采集系统的软件平台,采用调用DAQmx任务的方法设计上位机和数据采集系统的通信软件来实现对列车设备舱气压波动的采集；同时利用LabWindows/CVI高级数据分析函数库对数据进行巴特沃斯低通滤波处理,还调用Matlab函数引擎进行曲线拟合和复杂的函数库文件应用,实现数据的显示和处理结果。
实验表明,该系统结构简单,运行速度快,抗干扰性强,具有较高的可靠度,完全满足设计和使用需求。
With several major domestic rail passenger line after another opened, increasing the speed of trains. Accordingly, the train traffic safety becoming an increasingly important issue of concern, particularly in aerodynamics problem gets more attention. To high-speed train, tunnel operation, exposed to strong crosswind conditions may produce significant aerodynamic load. Poor body tightness when running at high speed of vehicles inside the air pressure outside the vehicle and change the pressure wave. If the pressure changes inside the vehicle speed exceeds 200Pa/S, the cause of pain or even ruptured eardrums passengers. In order to avoid pressure on the adverse effects of passengers, the vehicle must take certain structural improvements, therefore commenced studies at home and abroad.
Train aerodynamic drag and air pressure wave on traffic safety, body structure and the impact on passenger comfort. Between trains and ground movement of air caused by the media as the train changes the flow field, resulting in the continuing role of the aerodynamic loads, the vehicle will also be a lot of dust inhalation. Equipment cabin on the train's pneumatic wave test, control equipment cabin at high speed when the aerodynamic load characteristics of the different line conditions, different operating conditions on the aerodynamic loads of equipment cabin, verification equipment cabin aerodynamic loading design standards.
At present, many applications external surface of the hole pressure measurement methods for detection, due to line environment is complex, and more prone to dust clogging pores. Traditional data acquisition system for the lack of communication interface flexibility, this paper proposed based on LabWindows/ CVI high-speed data acquisition system, built based on TCP/IP protocol of the control system network. NS-I1 by twelve pressure transmitters and the NI M Series USB6255 company as a communication and control chip, select LabWindows/CVI language to build data acquisition system software platform, called DAQmx task and designed PC data acquisition system of communication software to enable the train to collect equipment cabin pressure fluctuations; while using LabWindows/CVI library of advanced data analysis of the data Butterworth low-pass filtering, also called curve fitting engine Matlab functions and complex library file applications, data display and processing results.
Experiments show that the system is simple, fast, strong anti-interference, high reliability, fully meet the design and use requirements.
列车气动阻力和空气压力波对行车安全、车体结构和旅客舒适度产生影响。列车与地面之间的空气介质由于列车的运动造成流场变化,产生持续作用的气动载荷,此外还会大量吸入车外灰尘。通过对列车设备舱的气动波动测试,掌握设备舱在高速运行时的气动载荷特征,分析不同线路条件、不同运行工况对设备舱气动载荷的影响,验证设备舱气动载荷设计标准。
目前国内多应用车体表面开孔测压方法进行检测,由于线路环境复杂,沙尘多容易引起气孔的堵塞。针对传统数据采集系统通信接口缺乏灵活性的问题,本文提出一种基于LabWindows/CVI的高速数据采集系统,搭建基于TCP/IP协议的测控系统网络。采用十二个NS-I1型压力变送器和以NI公司M系列的USB6255作为硬件采集设备,笔记本电脑作为通信设备,选择LabWindows/CVI语言搭建数据采集系统的软件平台,采用调用DAQmx任务的方法设计上位机和数据采集系统的通信软件来实现对列车设备舱气压波动的采集；同时利用LabWindows/CVI高级数据分析函数库对数据进行巴特沃斯低通滤波处理,还调用Matlab函数引擎进行曲线拟合和复杂的函数库文件应用,实现数据的显示和处理结果。
实验表明,该系统结构简单,运行速度快,抗干扰性强,具有较高的可靠度,完全满足设计和使用需求。
With several major domestic rail passenger line after another opened, increasing the speed of trains. Accordingly, the train traffic safety becoming an increasingly important issue of concern, particularly in aerodynamics problem gets more attention. To high-speed train, tunnel operation, exposed to strong crosswind conditions may produce significant aerodynamic load. Poor body tightness when running at high speed of vehicles inside the air pressure outside the vehicle and change the pressure wave. If the pressure changes inside the vehicle speed exceeds 200Pa/S, the cause of pain or even ruptured eardrums passengers. In order to avoid pressure on the adverse effects of passengers, the vehicle must take certain structural improvements, therefore commenced studies at home and abroad.
Train aerodynamic drag and air pressure wave on traffic safety, body structure and the impact on passenger comfort. Between trains and ground movement of air caused by the media as the train changes the flow field, resulting in the continuing role of the aerodynamic loads, the vehicle will also be a lot of dust inhalation. Equipment cabin on the train's pneumatic wave test, control equipment cabin at high speed when the aerodynamic load characteristics of the different line conditions, different operating conditions on the aerodynamic loads of equipment cabin, verification equipment cabin aerodynamic loading design standards.
At present, many applications external surface of the hole pressure measurement methods for detection, due to line environment is complex, and more prone to dust clogging pores. Traditional data acquisition system for the lack of communication interface flexibility, this paper proposed based on LabWindows/ CVI high-speed data acquisition system, built based on TCP/IP protocol of the control system network. NS-I1 by twelve pressure transmitters and the NI M Series USB6255 company as a communication and control chip, select LabWindows/CVI language to build data acquisition system software platform, called DAQmx task and designed PC data acquisition system of communication software to enable the train to collect equipment cabin pressure fluctuations; while using LabWindows/CVI library of advanced data analysis of the data Butterworth low-pass filtering, also called curve fitting engine Matlab functions and complex library file applications, data display and processing results.
Experiments show that the system is simple, fast, strong anti-interference, high reliability, fully meet the design and use requirements.
引文
[1]杨吉忠.考虑空气动力效应时高速列车运行安全平稳性研究.西南交通大学博士论文,2010.11
[2]李树典,周新喜.CRH2型200 km/h动车组车内压力波动控制研究[J].机车电传动.2009.
[3]李响,颜冰.舰船地震波场实时检测系统的实验研究.噪声与振动[J].2010.06
[4]马青亮.基于LabWindows/CVI的信号分析仪的研究.广东工业大学硕士论文.2008
[5]赵建华.一种三组分火灾气体在线探测技术研究.消防科学与技术[J].2007.03
[6]白春科.GSM基站收发信机自动测试系统的设计与实现.华南理工大学硕士论文.2006.12
[7]王玲飞.数模混合电路故障虚拟测试技术的研究.合肥工业大学硕士论文.2008.05
[8]陈婷.基于LabWindows/CVI的真空断路器机械特性测试分析软件开发西华大学硕士论文.2009.10
[9]邓飞.基于虚拟仪器的某型舵机控制电路测试设备研制.南京航空航天大学硕士论文.2007.11
[10]仇志平,李树军.Labwindows/CVI虚拟仪器软件在测试领域中的应用[J].计算机工程与设计.2007.28(22)：5544-5545.
[11]熊军,向学军.基于LabWindows/CVI的虚拟仪器面板设计[J].2004.26(5)：459-461.
[12]王建宇.列车通过隧道时诱发的空气动力学问题和高速铁路隧道设计参数[J],世界隧道.1995,(1)：3-11.
[13]刘斌.基于虚拟仪器的变量泵测试系统研究.浙江工业大学硕士论文.2006.01
[14]侯丽春.基于LabWindows/CVI的U S B与P C机的通信.2007.22(12)：45-47.
[15]王林涛 陈德荣 窦定波.基于NI PCI- 6221和LabWindows/CVI的高压测试系统设计[J].工业控制与计算机.2007.20(5)：10-11.
[16]Richard Wissler, Christoph Frohlich.3D imaging laser scanner for the inspection of tunnels[J].Automated 3D and 2D Vision(1994):96-106
[17]http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/6943#toc0
[18]梁习锋.实车表面空气压力分布试验技术研究[J].铁道学报.2002,24(3)：95-98
[19]田红旗,许平,梁习锋,刘堂红.列车交会压力波与运行速度的关系[J].中国铁道科学.2006.27(6)：64-67
[20]赵光胜.基于LabWindow s/CVI的频谱分析仪.计算机应用.2008.06
[21]李富伟,何万平,梁龙LabV IEW和M T LAB混合编程在多普勒信号处理中的应用[J].ISSN,2010,30(3):82-84
[22]孙丽丽.机器视觉与铁路货车超限监测应用研究.西南交通大学硕士论文,2005.4
[23]赵大海,周小刚,惠俊军,钱培贤LabWindows/CVI的虚拟仪器远程网络控制系统设计[J].火力与指挥控制.2005.30(8)：64-67
[24]刘建英.以LabWindow s/CVI开发平台设计的基于PC- DAQ的虚拟仪器测试系 统.西北大学博士论文.2004
[25]Joseph A Schetz.高速列车空气动力学[J].力学进展.2003,33(3)：404-420
[26]张毅,周绍磊,杨秀霞.虚拟仪器技术分析与应用[M].机械工业出版社.2004
[27]余成波,冯丽辉,潘胜辉.虚拟仪器技术与设计[M].重庆大学出版社,2006
[28]史君成,张淑伟,律淑珍.Labwindows虚拟仪器设计[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2007
[29]吴艳薇,张勇.基于LabWindows/CVI的双燃料汽车燃气电控单元测试监控系统设计[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2010
[30]王悦明.铁路客车空气压力密封性问题[J].铁道机车车辆.2000.04.ss
[31]宋宇峰.LabWindows/CVI逐步深入与开发实例[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2003
[32]刘君华,白鹏.基于LabWindows/CVI的虚拟仪器设计[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2003
[33]孙晓云,郭立炜,孙会琴.基于LabWindows/CVI的虚拟仪器设计与应用[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2005.7
[34]孙祥,徐流美,吴清.Matlab 7.0基础教程[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2005
[35]高成.Matlab图像处理与应用[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2007
[36]陆宗骐.C/C++图像处理编程[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2005
[37]Richard Taylor, Kurt Kubik, EdBub, Peter Townson.Computerised structure clearance measurement system(CSCMS)[J].VideometricsⅢ(1994):157-162
[38]Xiaoliang Wu, Kurt Kubik, Anthony Maeder.Three—dimensional data capture system for stereo-video images[J]. SPIE Vol.2598:342-348
[39]Dmitry V.Popov, Roman B.Ryabichenko.High speed imaging and processing for rail track inspection[J]. Proc.of SPIE Vol.5580:367-375
[40]Yutaka Aoki, Yasuyuki Miyake, Koichi Hoshino.Passive millimeter-wave imaging system for automobile applications[J]. Proc.of SPIE Vol.5989:598914-1-598914-11
[41]Jian John Lu, Miehael J Reehtorik, Shiyu Yang.AutomatieVehiele Identification Technology Applications to Toll Collection Serviees. Transportation Research Record[J].1588,971136:18-25
[42]Khalid, Shahid F, Advanced Topics in Labwindows/CVI [M]. Pearson PTR.2001.11
[43]黄宁.基于虚拟仪器的多通道时间间隔测量仪的研究与设计.中科院硕士论文.2008.5
[44]常晓飞符文星王民钢杨尧.基于LabWindows/CVI的引信测试系统的设计.电子测量技术[J].2008,31(8)：89-92
[45]窦颖艳.基于Labwindows/CVI和matlab的数据采集与控制系统.湖南工业大学.2009.05
[46]孙丰军.基于IP复用技术的USB-AHB桥的设计与实现[J].2005
[47]岳晓峰.分布式远程油井无线监测系统的设计与实现.长春工业大学.2003.09
[48]唐艳丽.图像处理技术在铁路限界检测中的应用.西南交通大学硕士论文.2008.12
[49]邱成鹏.基于CAN总线与CVI粮情监测系统的设计与实现.北京邮电大学硕士论 文.2009.02
[50]叶芳.基于Labwindows/CVI的太阳能电池系统优化.辽宁科技大学硕士毕业论文,2008.03
[51]王前选.高速列车车体交变气动载荷.中南大学硕士毕业论文,2009.11
[52]陈希林,肖明清.一种LabWindows/CVI与MATLAB混合编程的实现方法[J].微计算机信息.2005.01.
[2]李树典,周新喜.CRH2型200 km/h动车组车内压力波动控制研究[J].机车电传动.2009.
[3]李响,颜冰.舰船地震波场实时检测系统的实验研究.噪声与振动[J].2010.06
[4]马青亮.基于LabWindows/CVI的信号分析仪的研究.广东工业大学硕士论文.2008
[5]赵建华.一种三组分火灾气体在线探测技术研究.消防科学与技术[J].2007.03
[6]白春科.GSM基站收发信机自动测试系统的设计与实现.华南理工大学硕士论文.2006.12
[7]王玲飞.数模混合电路故障虚拟测试技术的研究.合肥工业大学硕士论文.2008.05
[8]陈婷.基于LabWindows/CVI的真空断路器机械特性测试分析软件开发西华大学硕士论文.2009.10
[9]邓飞.基于虚拟仪器的某型舵机控制电路测试设备研制.南京航空航天大学硕士论文.2007.11
[10]仇志平,李树军.Labwindows/CVI虚拟仪器软件在测试领域中的应用[J].计算机工程与设计.2007.28(22)：5544-5545.
[11]熊军,向学军.基于LabWindows/CVI的虚拟仪器面板设计[J].2004.26(5)：459-461.
[12]王建宇.列车通过隧道时诱发的空气动力学问题和高速铁路隧道设计参数[J],世界隧道.1995,(1)：3-11.
[13]刘斌.基于虚拟仪器的变量泵测试系统研究.浙江工业大学硕士论文.2006.01
[14]侯丽春.基于LabWindows/CVI的U S B与P C机的通信.2007.22(12)：45-47.
[15]王林涛 陈德荣 窦定波.基于NI PCI- 6221和LabWindows/CVI的高压测试系统设计[J].工业控制与计算机.2007.20(5)：10-11.
[16]Richard Wissler, Christoph Frohlich.3D imaging laser scanner for the inspection of tunnels[J].Automated 3D and 2D Vision(1994):96-106
[17]http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/6943#toc0
[18]梁习锋.实车表面空气压力分布试验技术研究[J].铁道学报.2002,24(3)：95-98
[19]田红旗,许平,梁习锋,刘堂红.列车交会压力波与运行速度的关系[J].中国铁道科学.2006.27(6)：64-67
[20]赵光胜.基于LabWindow s/CVI的频谱分析仪.计算机应用.2008.06
[21]李富伟,何万平,梁龙LabV IEW和M T LAB混合编程在多普勒信号处理中的应用[J].ISSN,2010,30(3):82-84
[22]孙丽丽.机器视觉与铁路货车超限监测应用研究.西南交通大学硕士论文,2005.4
[23]赵大海,周小刚,惠俊军,钱培贤LabWindows/CVI的虚拟仪器远程网络控制系统设计[J].火力与指挥控制.2005.30(8)：64-67
[24]刘建英.以LabWindow s/CVI开发平台设计的基于PC- DAQ的虚拟仪器测试系 统.西北大学博士论文.2004
[25]Joseph A Schetz.高速列车空气动力学[J].力学进展.2003,33(3)：404-420
[26]张毅,周绍磊,杨秀霞.虚拟仪器技术分析与应用[M].机械工业出版社.2004
[27]余成波,冯丽辉,潘胜辉.虚拟仪器技术与设计[M].重庆大学出版社,2006
[28]史君成,张淑伟,律淑珍.Labwindows虚拟仪器设计[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2007
[29]吴艳薇,张勇.基于LabWindows/CVI的双燃料汽车燃气电控单元测试监控系统设计[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2010
[30]王悦明.铁路客车空气压力密封性问题[J].铁道机车车辆.2000.04.ss
[31]宋宇峰.LabWindows/CVI逐步深入与开发实例[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2003
[32]刘君华,白鹏.基于LabWindows/CVI的虚拟仪器设计[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2003
[33]孙晓云,郭立炜,孙会琴.基于LabWindows/CVI的虚拟仪器设计与应用[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2005.7
[34]孙祥,徐流美,吴清.Matlab 7.0基础教程[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2005
[35]高成.Matlab图像处理与应用[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2007
[36]陆宗骐.C/C++图像处理编程[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2005
[37]Richard Taylor, Kurt Kubik, EdBub, Peter Townson.Computerised structure clearance measurement system(CSCMS)[J].VideometricsⅢ(1994):157-162
[38]Xiaoliang Wu, Kurt Kubik, Anthony Maeder.Three—dimensional data capture system for stereo-video images[J]. SPIE Vol.2598:342-348
[39]Dmitry V.Popov, Roman B.Ryabichenko.High speed imaging and processing for rail track inspection[J]. Proc.of SPIE Vol.5580:367-375
[40]Yutaka Aoki, Yasuyuki Miyake, Koichi Hoshino.Passive millimeter-wave imaging system for automobile applications[J]. Proc.of SPIE Vol.5989:598914-1-598914-11
[41]Jian John Lu, Miehael J Reehtorik, Shiyu Yang.AutomatieVehiele Identification Technology Applications to Toll Collection Serviees. Transportation Research Record[J].1588,971136:18-25
[42]Khalid, Shahid F, Advanced Topics in Labwindows/CVI [M]. Pearson PTR.2001.11
[43]黄宁.基于虚拟仪器的多通道时间间隔测量仪的研究与设计.中科院硕士论文.2008.5
[44]常晓飞符文星王民钢杨尧.基于LabWindows/CVI的引信测试系统的设计.电子测量技术[J].2008,31(8)：89-92
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