济阳坳陷原油中金的富集机理及其与地幔流体的关系
|
摘要
随着能源需求的日益扩大,多种能源协同勘探成为资源开发利用的必然趋势。原油中赋存贵金属及稀土元素等方面的研究适应当前石油高科技领域的新动向,研究成果具有潜在的经济价值,为能源的综合开发利用开辟新途径。
渤海湾盆地是中国最大的裂谷型含油气盆地,济阳坳陷即为盆地内勘探程度最高的复杂的复式油气区。近年来,渤海湾盆地原油中金含量异常现象引起了地质工作者的广泛关注。本课题选取济阳坳陷为研究区,利用有机与无机相结合的试验方法,将油气和金置于壳幔活动的统一系统中进行综合研究,以期为能源的综合开发利用寻找新的方向。
本次研究的主要目标是,查明有机质在金的富集、迁移及再沉积中的作用;探讨金与深大断裂、幔源流体的关系;研究金在原油中的存在状态,寻找金的可能来源。为此我们围绕坳陷内深大断裂采集原油及源岩样品,进行色谱、质谱、红外光谱、微量元素等一系列试验,比较系统的研究了济阳坳陷原油及源岩的有机地球化学特征,稀土元素分布特征等,结合金元素的化学性质和研究区地质背景进行综合研究。主要取得了以下几点认识:
1济阳坳陷原油中高丰度的金主要赋存于浅层稠油中,主要富金油层为古近系和前震旦系花岗片麻岩油层;
2原油中金主要存在于占原油比例较少的胶质沥青质组分中,这可能与胶质沥青质中高活性不成对电子对金的吸附作用有关;
3研究区源岩及原油有机地球化学特征证明,济阳坳陷为陆相湖盆、还原—强还原沉积环境,坳陷内检测到了甘氨酸、亮氨酸、谷氨酸—赖氨酸、丝氨酸等氨基酸种属,利于金的溶解和再沉积;
4有机质与金的活化、迁移(吸附)及再沉积等作用关系密切。金的有机络合物可能是金从沉积物进入盆地流体并迁移的重要形式;
5深切上地幔的郯庐断裂,流体活动频繁,为济阳坳陷原油金富集提供了有力的地质依据,结合稀土元素特征,推断济阳坳陷原油中的金有地幔及烃源岩层两种可能来源,但无论何种来源,原油中金的富集均与幔源流体具有密切的关系。
As the expanding of the energy,it will be an inevitable trend that the coordinated exploration of kinds of energy.The research on the noble and rare earth element(REE) in crude oil is one of the development trends of the field of high science and technology. The result has a potential value,and it will point out a new path for the coordinated exploration of energy.
The Bohai Bay Basin is the largest rift basin in China.Jiyang Depression belongs to the basin.It is a complicated double-entry oil-gas area.The oil in Bohai Bay Basin has a higher content of gold.The abnormal phenomena attract lots of geologists to study it.So we choose the Jiyang Depression for our research area,and take the oil and gold in an uniform system to research by the organic and inorganic experiment,at the sake of finding a new way for the coordinated exploration of energy.
The purposes of this research are:finding the function of organic matters to the concentrating,migrating and depositing of gold,finding the relation between gold and deep fault and mantle fluid,and exploring the condition and origin of gold in crude oil. To seek the fact,we collect samples around the deep fault in the depression,do a series of experiments such as,chromatogram mass spectrum,infrared spectrum and the analysis of trace element,and so on.Then by discussing the organic geochemical characteristic and distribution of the REE,based on the research of chemical property of Au and the geologic background,we do a comprehensive research,and give several conclusions such as:
First,heavy oil in the shallow layers contains higher Au abundance than light oil. In Jiyang Depression most gold-rich samples are from the reservoirs in Paleogeno sand stone and granite gneiss.
Second,further study indicates that gold mostly occurs in the bituminite and colloidal components of the crude oil,which are little in the crude oil.It maybe relate to the high active unpaired electron in bituminite.
Third,the organic geochemistry characters of oil and racks from research area reveals that,the depositional environment of Jiyang Depression is continental-lake reduction-strong reduction deposition,and the amino acid checked in the depression, such as glycine,leucine,serine and glutamic-lysine is in favor of the solution and redeposition of gold.
Forth,organic matter and the gold's activation,migration and redeposition are affinity.The gold's organic-complex compound may be an important form of gold entering the basin brine from the site of depositing.
Fifth,the TanLu fracture zone cuts the upper mantle deeply,and the fluid activity is frequent.This gives a powerful support to the mantle-origin of gold.With the character of REE,we conclude that the gold in the crude oil in Jiyang Depression has two possible sources,those are mantle and hydrocarbon source rock.No matter which possibility is closely related with the mantle fluid.
渤海湾盆地是中国最大的裂谷型含油气盆地,济阳坳陷即为盆地内勘探程度最高的复杂的复式油气区。近年来,渤海湾盆地原油中金含量异常现象引起了地质工作者的广泛关注。本课题选取济阳坳陷为研究区,利用有机与无机相结合的试验方法,将油气和金置于壳幔活动的统一系统中进行综合研究,以期为能源的综合开发利用寻找新的方向。
本次研究的主要目标是,查明有机质在金的富集、迁移及再沉积中的作用;探讨金与深大断裂、幔源流体的关系;研究金在原油中的存在状态,寻找金的可能来源。为此我们围绕坳陷内深大断裂采集原油及源岩样品,进行色谱、质谱、红外光谱、微量元素等一系列试验,比较系统的研究了济阳坳陷原油及源岩的有机地球化学特征,稀土元素分布特征等,结合金元素的化学性质和研究区地质背景进行综合研究。主要取得了以下几点认识:
1济阳坳陷原油中高丰度的金主要赋存于浅层稠油中,主要富金油层为古近系和前震旦系花岗片麻岩油层;
2原油中金主要存在于占原油比例较少的胶质沥青质组分中,这可能与胶质沥青质中高活性不成对电子对金的吸附作用有关;
3研究区源岩及原油有机地球化学特征证明,济阳坳陷为陆相湖盆、还原—强还原沉积环境,坳陷内检测到了甘氨酸、亮氨酸、谷氨酸—赖氨酸、丝氨酸等氨基酸种属,利于金的溶解和再沉积;
4有机质与金的活化、迁移(吸附)及再沉积等作用关系密切。金的有机络合物可能是金从沉积物进入盆地流体并迁移的重要形式;
5深切上地幔的郯庐断裂,流体活动频繁,为济阳坳陷原油金富集提供了有力的地质依据,结合稀土元素特征,推断济阳坳陷原油中的金有地幔及烃源岩层两种可能来源,但无论何种来源,原油中金的富集均与幔源流体具有密切的关系。
As the expanding of the energy,it will be an inevitable trend that the coordinated exploration of kinds of energy.The research on the noble and rare earth element(REE) in crude oil is one of the development trends of the field of high science and technology. The result has a potential value,and it will point out a new path for the coordinated exploration of energy.
The Bohai Bay Basin is the largest rift basin in China.Jiyang Depression belongs to the basin.It is a complicated double-entry oil-gas area.The oil in Bohai Bay Basin has a higher content of gold.The abnormal phenomena attract lots of geologists to study it.So we choose the Jiyang Depression for our research area,and take the oil and gold in an uniform system to research by the organic and inorganic experiment,at the sake of finding a new way for the coordinated exploration of energy.
The purposes of this research are:finding the function of organic matters to the concentrating,migrating and depositing of gold,finding the relation between gold and deep fault and mantle fluid,and exploring the condition and origin of gold in crude oil. To seek the fact,we collect samples around the deep fault in the depression,do a series of experiments such as,chromatogram mass spectrum,infrared spectrum and the analysis of trace element,and so on.Then by discussing the organic geochemical characteristic and distribution of the REE,based on the research of chemical property of Au and the geologic background,we do a comprehensive research,and give several conclusions such as:
First,heavy oil in the shallow layers contains higher Au abundance than light oil. In Jiyang Depression most gold-rich samples are from the reservoirs in Paleogeno sand stone and granite gneiss.
Second,further study indicates that gold mostly occurs in the bituminite and colloidal components of the crude oil,which are little in the crude oil.It maybe relate to the high active unpaired electron in bituminite.
Third,the organic geochemistry characters of oil and racks from research area reveals that,the depositional environment of Jiyang Depression is continental-lake reduction-strong reduction deposition,and the amino acid checked in the depression, such as glycine,leucine,serine and glutamic-lysine is in favor of the solution and redeposition of gold.
Forth,organic matter and the gold's activation,migration and redeposition are affinity.The gold's organic-complex compound may be an important form of gold entering the basin brine from the site of depositing.
Fifth,the TanLu fracture zone cuts the upper mantle deeply,and the fluid activity is frequent.This gives a powerful support to the mantle-origin of gold.With the character of REE,we conclude that the gold in the crude oil in Jiyang Depression has two possible sources,those are mantle and hydrocarbon source rock.No matter which possibility is closely related with the mantle fluid.
引文
[1]涂光炽等.中国层控矿床地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1988,V(Ⅲ)
[2]叶连俊等.生物有机质成矿作用和成矿背景[M].北京:海洋出版社,1998,pp.462
[3]Kettler R M,Waldo G S,Penner-Hahn J E et al.Sulfidation of organic matter associated with gold mineralization,Pueblo Viejo,Dominican Republic[J].Applied Geochemistry 5,1990,237-248
[4]Kovalevskii A L,Kovalevskaya O M.Biogeochemical haloes of gold in various species and parts of plants[J].Applied Geochemistry 4,1989,369-374
[5]Lin M Y.Relationship of gold enrichment and fossil communities of the Changxing Formation,Permian in Jiao-Zi-Shan,Southwest Guizhou[J].Berichte der Deutschen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft,Beiheft zum European Journal of Mineralogy 9,1997,pp.228
[6]Mao J W,Li Y Q,Goldfarb R et al.Fluid inclusion and noble gas studies of the Dongping Gold deposit,Hebei Province,China:A mantle connection for mineralization[J].Economic Geology 98,2003,517-534
[7]Puddephatt R J.The Chemistry of Gold[M].Elsevier,Amsterdam,1978,pp.274
[8]林丽.现代绿藻和蓝细菌富集金的模拟实验[J].成都理工学院学报,1994,21(4):42-44
[9]Greene B,M Hosea,R McPherson et al.Interaction of Gold(I) and Gold(III) complexes with algal biomass[J].Environ.Scl.Technol.20,1986,627-632
[10]Berndt M E,Buttram T,Earley III D et al.The stability of gold polysulfide complexes in aqueous sulfide solutions:100 to 150~C and 100 bars[J].Geochem.Cosmochim.1994,Acta 58:587-594
[11]Gatellier J P,Disnar J R.Kinetics and mechanism of the Au(III) to Au(0) by sedimentary organic materials[J].Organic Geochemistry 16,1990,631-640
[12]Elschenbroich C,Salzer A.Organometall chemic[M].Teubner Stuttgart,1988,pp.224
[13]Baker W E.The role of humic acid in the transport of gold[J].Geochem.Cosmochim,1978,Acta 42:645-649
[14]Stefansson A,Seward T M.The hydrolysis of gold(I) in aqueous solutions to 600℃ and 1500bar[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 67,2003,1677-1688
[15]Heitt D G,Dunbar W W,Thompson T Bet al.Geology and geochemistry of the Deep Star Gold deposit,Carlin trend,Nevada[J].Economic Geology 98,2003,1107-1135
[16]赫英.地幔深部过程与金富集成矿研究取得重要进展[J].矿床地质,2002,pp.136
[17]Gatellier J P,Disnar J R.Organic matter and gold-ore association in a hydrothermal deposit[J].Applied Geochemistry 4,1989,143-149
[18]朱有光,蒋敬业.金矿地球化学找矿[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,1993
[19]Boweil R J,Gize A P,Foster R P.The role of fulvic acid in the supergene migration of gold in tropical rain forest soils[J].Geochim.Cosmochim,1993,Acta 57:4179-4190
[20]Sun Yuzhuang.Influences of the basin brines on organic matter in the Kupferschiefer from southwest Poland[M].Scientific Publishing Canada,1999,94-128
[21]Emsbo P,Hofstra A H,Lauha E Aet al.Origin of high-grade gold ore,source of fluid component,and genesis of the Meikle and Neighboring Carlin-type deposits,Northern Carlin Trend,Nevada[J].Economic Geology 98,2003,1069-1100
[22]赫英,景文,王瑞廷,等.幔源岩浆去气形成二氧化碳形成含金流体—可能性与现实性[J].地学前沿,2002,8(4):265-270
[23]邵军.吉林东南部地幔活动与金的成矿作用[J].贵金属地质,19998(4):229-236
[24]孙忠实,邓军,翟裕生,等.幔源含金流体主动就位与容矿断裂形成机制[J].地质地球化学,1999,27(4):17-23
[25]邓军,杨立强,方云,等.胶东地区壳一幔作用与金成矿效应[J].地质科学,2000,35(1):60-70
[26]毛景文,赫英,丁悌平.胶东金矿形成期间地幔流体参与成矿过程的碳氧氢同位素证据[J].矿床地质,2002,21(2):121-128
[27]吴桂祥.淮胶辽地区构造演化与金成矿特征探讨[J].黄金,2002,23(6):5-8
[28]黄太岭.胶莱盆地地球化学参数特征及赋金层位[J].物探及化探,2000,24(5):363-367
[29]何斌.渤海湾复式盆地动力学探讨[J].石油实验地质,2001,23(1):27-31
[30]刘建明,叶杰,徐九华,等.初论华北东部中生代金成矿的地球动力学背景—以胶东金矿为例[J].地球物理学进展,2001,16(1):39-46
[31]Zhuang Hanping,Lu Jialan,Fu Jiamo et al.Crude oil as carrier of cold:petrological and geochemical evidence from Lannigou gold deposit in southwestern Guizhou,China[J].SCIENCE IN CHINA.1999,42(2):216-224
[32]潘元林,李思田.大型陆相断陷盆地层序地层学与隐蔽油气藏研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004,24～40
[33]曾溅辉,金之钧,张刘平.东营凹陷高青—平南断裂带幔源流体活动特征以及其成藏效应[J].地质论评,2004,50(5):502-506
[34]SunYuzhuang.Influences of secondary oxidation and sulfide formation on several maturity parameters in Kupferschiefe[J].OrganicGeochemistry,1998,29:1419-1429
[35]SunYuzhuang,PuettmannW.The role of organic matter during metal accumulation in Permian from the Sangerhausen Basin Germany[J].Org.Geochem,2000,31(11):1143-1161
[36]SunYuzhuang.Geochemical evidence formulti-stage base metal enrichment in Kupferschiefer [M].Shaker Verlag,Aachen Germany,1996
[37]张泰铭,梁逸曾,崔卉.原油非烃化合物结构与含量的馏分分离及联用色谱信息获取通用方法[J].分析化学研究报告,2004,32(11):1421-1425
[38]李勇志,邓先梁,俞惟乐.对氧化铝和硅胶分离重质油族组分性能的新认识[J].石油学报,1998,14(2):75-80
[39]张金生,李丽华,金钦汉.微波消解一微波等离子体炬原子发射光谱法测定原油和渣油中的铁、镍、铜和钠[J].分析化学研究简报,2005,33(5):690-694
[40]刘梅英.微波消解原子吸收法测定催化裂化催化剂中的重金属含量[J].石油化工,1997,26:694-696
[41]刘英俊,马东升.金的地球化学[M],北京:科学出版社,1991:36-40
[42]R1CHARDJ.PUDDEPHATT.The Chemistry of Gold[M].Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company.New York,1978,1-28、98-151
[43]杨申镳,李保利,董冬.济阳坳陷中贵金属的分布特征及赋存状态探讨[J].特种油气藏,1996,3(4):4-8
[44]杨申镳,李保利.济阳坳陷原油中贵金属和稀土元素的副参特征及其潜在的经济意义[R].东营:胜利石油管理局地质科学研究院,1993
[45]沈远超,曾庆栋,刘铁兵,等.郯庐断裂与金成矿[J].世界地质,2003,22(1):41-44
[46]申萍,沈远超.胶东金牛山金矿床构造一流体一成矿作用体系研究[J].地质科学,2004,39(2):272-283
[47]张金亮,常象春.金项铅锌矿床油气地球化学特征及其成矿作用探讨[J].青岛海洋大学学报,2003,33(2):264-274
[48]卢家烂,袁自强.有机络合物稳定性的实验研究[J].地球化学,1986(1):66-77
[49]姚志健,肖宗峰,韩蔚田.一些有机物对Pb、Zn、Cu迁移与沉淀作用的实验研究[J].现代地质.1994(8):94-99
[50]Shock E L,Koretsky C M.Meteal-organic complexes in geochemical processes:Calculation of standard partial molal thermodynamic properties of aqueous complexes at high pressure and temperatures[J].Geochimica et CosmochimicaActa,1993,57:4899-4922
[51]卢家烂,傅家谟.沉积改造矿床形成中的若干有机地球化学问题[J].沉积学报,1991(增刊):171-177
[52]庄汉平,卢家烂.与有机质有成因联系的金属矿床[J].地质地球化学,1996,4:6-11
[53]盛雪芬,张景荣,曾昭琪.藻类富集金的机理初探[J].南京大学学报(自然科学),1999,35(3):303-308
[54]庄汉平,卢家烂,傅家漠,等.原油作为金运移的载体:可能的岩石学和地球化学证据[J].中国科学(D辑),1998,28(6):552-558
[55]刘建明,叶杰,刘家军,等.盆地流体中有机组分的成矿效应[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2000,19(3):141-148
[56]朱笑青,黄艳,张乾,等.银和金的选择吸附实验研究意义[J].矿床地质,2005,24(4):445-450
[57]李发源,顾雪祥,付绍洪,等.有机质在MVT铅锌矿形成中的作用[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2002,21(4):273-276
[58]张景廉,郭彦如,卫平生,等.三论油气与金属(非金属)矿床的关系[J].新疆石油地质,1999,20(4):310-313
[59]金强,黄醒汉.东濮地区早第三纪盐源成因探讨—一种深水成因模式[J].华东石油学院学报,1985,(1):12-13
[60]袁静,赵澄林,张善文.东营凹陷沙四段盐湖的深水成因模式[J].沉积学报,2000,18(1):114-118
[61]钱凯,王素民,刘淑范,等.华东北部古近系礁灰岩的发现及其石油地质意义[J].科学通报,1980,25(24):1140-1142
[62]杜韫华.山东第三纪藻礁[A].中国生物礁与油气[C].北京:海洋出版社,1996,275-293
[63]张景廉.白云岩化成因讨论[R].兰州:中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院,2002
[64]金之钧,杨雷,曾溅辉,等.东营凹陷深部流体活动及其生烃效应初探[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,25(2):42-44
[65]熊振.东营凹陷现代热流场特征及地热异常成因[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(4):38-41
[66]雷茂盛.松辽盆地断裂纵向导流性浅析[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(1):32-35
[67]杜乐天.烃碱流体地球化学原理[M].北京:科学出版社,1996
[68]张景廉.论石油的无机成因[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000
[69]岳伏生,张景廉,杜乐天.济阳坳陷深部热液活动与成岩成矿[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(4):29-31
[70]华仁民,杨申镳,李保利.济阳坳陷原油及油田水中金银等元素含量研究[J].高等地质学报,2000,7(3):346-350
[71]黄福堂,阎卫东,李振广,等.石油化学IM].北京:石油工业出版社,2000,128-140
[72]廖健德,罗力崇,吴运强,等.吉木萨尔凹陷东斜坡区油气成藏分析[M].油气地质与采收率,2005,12(4):52-54
[73]郭小文,何生.珠江口盆地番禺低隆起一白云凹陷恩平组烃源岩特征[J].油气地质与采收率,2006,13(1):31-33
[74]段传丽,陈践发.生物降解原油的地球化学特征及其意义[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(2):278-283
[75]窦启龙,陈践发,薛燕芬,等.实验室条件下微生物降解原油的地球化学特征研究[J].沉积学报,2005,23(3):542-547
[76]张春明,赵红静,梅博文,等.微生物降解对原油中咔唑类化合物的影响[J].石油与天然气地质.1999,20(4):341-344
[77]RubensteinI,Strausz O P,Spyckerelle C,et al.The origin of oil sand bitumens of Alberta[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1997,41:1341-1353
[78]Bonnamy S,Oberlin A,BeharF.Geochemical study of a Series of biodegraded oils.Microtexture and structure of the croked as phaltenes[J].Organic Geochemistry,i 987,11(1):1-13
[79]JinZhijun,SunYuzhuang,YangLei.Influences of Deep Fluids on Organic Matter of Source Rocks from the Dongying Depression,East China.NERGY EXPLORATION &EXPLOITATION.2001,19(5):479-486
[80]增溅辉,金之钧,张刘平.东营凹陷高青一平南断裂带幔源流体活动特征及其成藏效应[J].地质论评,2004,50(5):501-506
[81]K E彼得斯,J M莫尔多万.物标记化合物指南[M].油工业出版社,1995,79-109
[82]宋长玉,金洪蕊,刘璇,等.烃源岩中甲基菲的分布及对成熟度参数的影响[J].石油实验地质,2007,29(2):183-187
[83]陈建渝,彭晓波,张冬梅,等.济阳坳陷古新世孔店组生烃潜能评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(3):17-20
[84]张立平,黄第藩.某些海相烃源岩中多环芳烃的组成特征[J].石油勘探与开发,1997,24(2):10-14
[85]赫英.地幔深部过程与金富集成矿研究取得重要进展[J].矿床地质,2002,pp.136
[86]赫英,毛景文,王瑞廷,等.幔源岩浆去气形成二氧化碳形成含金流体一可能性与现实性[J].地学前沿,2002,8(4):265-270
[87]王小凤,李中坚,陈柏林,等.郯庐断裂带[M].地质出版社,2000
[88]牛漫兰,朱有光,刘国生,等.郯庐断裂带中一南段新生火山活动与深部过程[J].地质科学,2005,40(3):390～400
[89]沈远超,邹为雷,曾庆栋,等.矿床地质学研究的发展趋势:深部构造与成矿作用[J].大地构造与成矿学.1999,23(2):180-185
[90]牛漫兰,刘国生,朱光,等.郯庐断裂带鲁皖段新生代玄武岩形成机制的稀土判别[J].中国稀土学报,2005,23(3):363-367
[9l]孙忠实,邓军,翟裕生,等.幔源含金流体主动就位与容矿断裂形成机制[J].地质地球化学,1999,27(4):17-23
[92]邓军,杨立强,方云,等.胶东地区壳一幔作用与金成矿效应[J].地质科学,2000,35(1):60-70
[93]毛景文,赫英,丁悌平.胶东金矿形成期间地幔流体参与成矿过程的碳氧氢同位素证据[J].矿床地质,2002,2l(2):121-128
[94]黄太岭.胶莱盆地地球化学参数特征及赋金层位[J].物探及化探,2000,24(5):363-367
[95]何斌.渤海湾复式盆地动力学探讨[J].石油实验地质,2001,23(1):27-31
[96]侯贵廷,钱祥麟,蔡东生.渤海湾盆地中、新生代构造演化研究[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2001,37(3):845-851
[97]刘建明,叶杰,徐九华,等.初论华北东部中生代金成矿的地球动力学背景—以胶东金矿为例[J].地球物理学进展,2001,16(1):39-46
[98]刘丛强,黄智龙,许成,等.地幔流体及其成矿作用[M].地质出版社,2004,50-67
[99]刘志根.含煤岩系稀土元素地球化学研究[M].煤炭工业出版社,2002,16-18
[100]王中刚,于学元,赵振华,等.稀土元素地球化学[M].科学出版社,1989,247-262
[2]叶连俊等.生物有机质成矿作用和成矿背景[M].北京:海洋出版社,1998,pp.462
[3]Kettler R M,Waldo G S,Penner-Hahn J E et al.Sulfidation of organic matter associated with gold mineralization,Pueblo Viejo,Dominican Republic[J].Applied Geochemistry 5,1990,237-248
[4]Kovalevskii A L,Kovalevskaya O M.Biogeochemical haloes of gold in various species and parts of plants[J].Applied Geochemistry 4,1989,369-374
[5]Lin M Y.Relationship of gold enrichment and fossil communities of the Changxing Formation,Permian in Jiao-Zi-Shan,Southwest Guizhou[J].Berichte der Deutschen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft,Beiheft zum European Journal of Mineralogy 9,1997,pp.228
[6]Mao J W,Li Y Q,Goldfarb R et al.Fluid inclusion and noble gas studies of the Dongping Gold deposit,Hebei Province,China:A mantle connection for mineralization[J].Economic Geology 98,2003,517-534
[7]Puddephatt R J.The Chemistry of Gold[M].Elsevier,Amsterdam,1978,pp.274
[8]林丽.现代绿藻和蓝细菌富集金的模拟实验[J].成都理工学院学报,1994,21(4):42-44
[9]Greene B,M Hosea,R McPherson et al.Interaction of Gold(I) and Gold(III) complexes with algal biomass[J].Environ.Scl.Technol.20,1986,627-632
[10]Berndt M E,Buttram T,Earley III D et al.The stability of gold polysulfide complexes in aqueous sulfide solutions:100 to 150~C and 100 bars[J].Geochem.Cosmochim.1994,Acta 58:587-594
[11]Gatellier J P,Disnar J R.Kinetics and mechanism of the Au(III) to Au(0) by sedimentary organic materials[J].Organic Geochemistry 16,1990,631-640
[12]Elschenbroich C,Salzer A.Organometall chemic[M].Teubner Stuttgart,1988,pp.224
[13]Baker W E.The role of humic acid in the transport of gold[J].Geochem.Cosmochim,1978,Acta 42:645-649
[14]Stefansson A,Seward T M.The hydrolysis of gold(I) in aqueous solutions to 600℃ and 1500bar[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 67,2003,1677-1688
[15]Heitt D G,Dunbar W W,Thompson T Bet al.Geology and geochemistry of the Deep Star Gold deposit,Carlin trend,Nevada[J].Economic Geology 98,2003,1107-1135
[16]赫英.地幔深部过程与金富集成矿研究取得重要进展[J].矿床地质,2002,pp.136
[17]Gatellier J P,Disnar J R.Organic matter and gold-ore association in a hydrothermal deposit[J].Applied Geochemistry 4,1989,143-149
[18]朱有光,蒋敬业.金矿地球化学找矿[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,1993
[19]Boweil R J,Gize A P,Foster R P.The role of fulvic acid in the supergene migration of gold in tropical rain forest soils[J].Geochim.Cosmochim,1993,Acta 57:4179-4190
[20]Sun Yuzhuang.Influences of the basin brines on organic matter in the Kupferschiefer from southwest Poland[M].Scientific Publishing Canada,1999,94-128
[21]Emsbo P,Hofstra A H,Lauha E Aet al.Origin of high-grade gold ore,source of fluid component,and genesis of the Meikle and Neighboring Carlin-type deposits,Northern Carlin Trend,Nevada[J].Economic Geology 98,2003,1069-1100
[22]赫英,景文,王瑞廷,等.幔源岩浆去气形成二氧化碳形成含金流体—可能性与现实性[J].地学前沿,2002,8(4):265-270
[23]邵军.吉林东南部地幔活动与金的成矿作用[J].贵金属地质,19998(4):229-236
[24]孙忠实,邓军,翟裕生,等.幔源含金流体主动就位与容矿断裂形成机制[J].地质地球化学,1999,27(4):17-23
[25]邓军,杨立强,方云,等.胶东地区壳一幔作用与金成矿效应[J].地质科学,2000,35(1):60-70
[26]毛景文,赫英,丁悌平.胶东金矿形成期间地幔流体参与成矿过程的碳氧氢同位素证据[J].矿床地质,2002,21(2):121-128
[27]吴桂祥.淮胶辽地区构造演化与金成矿特征探讨[J].黄金,2002,23(6):5-8
[28]黄太岭.胶莱盆地地球化学参数特征及赋金层位[J].物探及化探,2000,24(5):363-367
[29]何斌.渤海湾复式盆地动力学探讨[J].石油实验地质,2001,23(1):27-31
[30]刘建明,叶杰,徐九华,等.初论华北东部中生代金成矿的地球动力学背景—以胶东金矿为例[J].地球物理学进展,2001,16(1):39-46
[31]Zhuang Hanping,Lu Jialan,Fu Jiamo et al.Crude oil as carrier of cold:petrological and geochemical evidence from Lannigou gold deposit in southwestern Guizhou,China[J].SCIENCE IN CHINA.1999,42(2):216-224
[32]潘元林,李思田.大型陆相断陷盆地层序地层学与隐蔽油气藏研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004,24～40
[33]曾溅辉,金之钧,张刘平.东营凹陷高青—平南断裂带幔源流体活动特征以及其成藏效应[J].地质论评,2004,50(5):502-506
[34]SunYuzhuang.Influences of secondary oxidation and sulfide formation on several maturity parameters in Kupferschiefe[J].OrganicGeochemistry,1998,29:1419-1429
[35]SunYuzhuang,PuettmannW.The role of organic matter during metal accumulation in Permian from the Sangerhausen Basin Germany[J].Org.Geochem,2000,31(11):1143-1161
[36]SunYuzhuang.Geochemical evidence formulti-stage base metal enrichment in Kupferschiefer [M].Shaker Verlag,Aachen Germany,1996
[37]张泰铭,梁逸曾,崔卉.原油非烃化合物结构与含量的馏分分离及联用色谱信息获取通用方法[J].分析化学研究报告,2004,32(11):1421-1425
[38]李勇志,邓先梁,俞惟乐.对氧化铝和硅胶分离重质油族组分性能的新认识[J].石油学报,1998,14(2):75-80
[39]张金生,李丽华,金钦汉.微波消解一微波等离子体炬原子发射光谱法测定原油和渣油中的铁、镍、铜和钠[J].分析化学研究简报,2005,33(5):690-694
[40]刘梅英.微波消解原子吸收法测定催化裂化催化剂中的重金属含量[J].石油化工,1997,26:694-696
[41]刘英俊,马东升.金的地球化学[M],北京:科学出版社,1991:36-40
[42]R1CHARDJ.PUDDEPHATT.The Chemistry of Gold[M].Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company.New York,1978,1-28、98-151
[43]杨申镳,李保利,董冬.济阳坳陷中贵金属的分布特征及赋存状态探讨[J].特种油气藏,1996,3(4):4-8
[44]杨申镳,李保利.济阳坳陷原油中贵金属和稀土元素的副参特征及其潜在的经济意义[R].东营:胜利石油管理局地质科学研究院,1993
[45]沈远超,曾庆栋,刘铁兵,等.郯庐断裂与金成矿[J].世界地质,2003,22(1):41-44
[46]申萍,沈远超.胶东金牛山金矿床构造一流体一成矿作用体系研究[J].地质科学,2004,39(2):272-283
[47]张金亮,常象春.金项铅锌矿床油气地球化学特征及其成矿作用探讨[J].青岛海洋大学学报,2003,33(2):264-274
[48]卢家烂,袁自强.有机络合物稳定性的实验研究[J].地球化学,1986(1):66-77
[49]姚志健,肖宗峰,韩蔚田.一些有机物对Pb、Zn、Cu迁移与沉淀作用的实验研究[J].现代地质.1994(8):94-99
[50]Shock E L,Koretsky C M.Meteal-organic complexes in geochemical processes:Calculation of standard partial molal thermodynamic properties of aqueous complexes at high pressure and temperatures[J].Geochimica et CosmochimicaActa,1993,57:4899-4922
[51]卢家烂,傅家谟.沉积改造矿床形成中的若干有机地球化学问题[J].沉积学报,1991(增刊):171-177
[52]庄汉平,卢家烂.与有机质有成因联系的金属矿床[J].地质地球化学,1996,4:6-11
[53]盛雪芬,张景荣,曾昭琪.藻类富集金的机理初探[J].南京大学学报(自然科学),1999,35(3):303-308
[54]庄汉平,卢家烂,傅家漠,等.原油作为金运移的载体:可能的岩石学和地球化学证据[J].中国科学(D辑),1998,28(6):552-558
[55]刘建明,叶杰,刘家军,等.盆地流体中有机组分的成矿效应[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2000,19(3):141-148
[56]朱笑青,黄艳,张乾,等.银和金的选择吸附实验研究意义[J].矿床地质,2005,24(4):445-450
[57]李发源,顾雪祥,付绍洪,等.有机质在MVT铅锌矿形成中的作用[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2002,21(4):273-276
[58]张景廉,郭彦如,卫平生,等.三论油气与金属(非金属)矿床的关系[J].新疆石油地质,1999,20(4):310-313
[59]金强,黄醒汉.东濮地区早第三纪盐源成因探讨—一种深水成因模式[J].华东石油学院学报,1985,(1):12-13
[60]袁静,赵澄林,张善文.东营凹陷沙四段盐湖的深水成因模式[J].沉积学报,2000,18(1):114-118
[61]钱凯,王素民,刘淑范,等.华东北部古近系礁灰岩的发现及其石油地质意义[J].科学通报,1980,25(24):1140-1142
[62]杜韫华.山东第三纪藻礁[A].中国生物礁与油气[C].北京:海洋出版社,1996,275-293
[63]张景廉.白云岩化成因讨论[R].兰州:中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院,2002
[64]金之钧,杨雷,曾溅辉,等.东营凹陷深部流体活动及其生烃效应初探[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,25(2):42-44
[65]熊振.东营凹陷现代热流场特征及地热异常成因[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(4):38-41
[66]雷茂盛.松辽盆地断裂纵向导流性浅析[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(1):32-35
[67]杜乐天.烃碱流体地球化学原理[M].北京:科学出版社,1996
[68]张景廉.论石油的无机成因[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000
[69]岳伏生,张景廉,杜乐天.济阳坳陷深部热液活动与成岩成矿[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(4):29-31
[70]华仁民,杨申镳,李保利.济阳坳陷原油及油田水中金银等元素含量研究[J].高等地质学报,2000,7(3):346-350
[71]黄福堂,阎卫东,李振广,等.石油化学IM].北京:石油工业出版社,2000,128-140
[72]廖健德,罗力崇,吴运强,等.吉木萨尔凹陷东斜坡区油气成藏分析[M].油气地质与采收率,2005,12(4):52-54
[73]郭小文,何生.珠江口盆地番禺低隆起一白云凹陷恩平组烃源岩特征[J].油气地质与采收率,2006,13(1):31-33
[74]段传丽,陈践发.生物降解原油的地球化学特征及其意义[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(2):278-283
[75]窦启龙,陈践发,薛燕芬,等.实验室条件下微生物降解原油的地球化学特征研究[J].沉积学报,2005,23(3):542-547
[76]张春明,赵红静,梅博文,等.微生物降解对原油中咔唑类化合物的影响[J].石油与天然气地质.1999,20(4):341-344
[77]RubensteinI,Strausz O P,Spyckerelle C,et al.The origin of oil sand bitumens of Alberta[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1997,41:1341-1353
[78]Bonnamy S,Oberlin A,BeharF.Geochemical study of a Series of biodegraded oils.Microtexture and structure of the croked as phaltenes[J].Organic Geochemistry,i 987,11(1):1-13
[79]JinZhijun,SunYuzhuang,YangLei.Influences of Deep Fluids on Organic Matter of Source Rocks from the Dongying Depression,East China.NERGY EXPLORATION &EXPLOITATION.2001,19(5):479-486
[80]增溅辉,金之钧,张刘平.东营凹陷高青一平南断裂带幔源流体活动特征及其成藏效应[J].地质论评,2004,50(5):501-506
[81]K E彼得斯,J M莫尔多万.物标记化合物指南[M].油工业出版社,1995,79-109
[82]宋长玉,金洪蕊,刘璇,等.烃源岩中甲基菲的分布及对成熟度参数的影响[J].石油实验地质,2007,29(2):183-187
[83]陈建渝,彭晓波,张冬梅,等.济阳坳陷古新世孔店组生烃潜能评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(3):17-20
[84]张立平,黄第藩.某些海相烃源岩中多环芳烃的组成特征[J].石油勘探与开发,1997,24(2):10-14
[85]赫英.地幔深部过程与金富集成矿研究取得重要进展[J].矿床地质,2002,pp.136
[86]赫英,毛景文,王瑞廷,等.幔源岩浆去气形成二氧化碳形成含金流体一可能性与现实性[J].地学前沿,2002,8(4):265-270
[87]王小凤,李中坚,陈柏林,等.郯庐断裂带[M].地质出版社,2000
[88]牛漫兰,朱有光,刘国生,等.郯庐断裂带中一南段新生火山活动与深部过程[J].地质科学,2005,40(3):390～400
[89]沈远超,邹为雷,曾庆栋,等.矿床地质学研究的发展趋势:深部构造与成矿作用[J].大地构造与成矿学.1999,23(2):180-185
[90]牛漫兰,刘国生,朱光,等.郯庐断裂带鲁皖段新生代玄武岩形成机制的稀土判别[J].中国稀土学报,2005,23(3):363-367
[9l]孙忠实,邓军,翟裕生,等.幔源含金流体主动就位与容矿断裂形成机制[J].地质地球化学,1999,27(4):17-23
[92]邓军,杨立强,方云,等.胶东地区壳一幔作用与金成矿效应[J].地质科学,2000,35(1):60-70
[93]毛景文,赫英,丁悌平.胶东金矿形成期间地幔流体参与成矿过程的碳氧氢同位素证据[J].矿床地质,2002,2l(2):121-128
[94]黄太岭.胶莱盆地地球化学参数特征及赋金层位[J].物探及化探,2000,24(5):363-367
[95]何斌.渤海湾复式盆地动力学探讨[J].石油实验地质,2001,23(1):27-31
[96]侯贵廷,钱祥麟,蔡东生.渤海湾盆地中、新生代构造演化研究[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2001,37(3):845-851
[97]刘建明,叶杰,徐九华,等.初论华北东部中生代金成矿的地球动力学背景—以胶东金矿为例[J].地球物理学进展,2001,16(1):39-46
[98]刘丛强,黄智龙,许成,等.地幔流体及其成矿作用[M].地质出版社,2004,50-67
[99]刘志根.含煤岩系稀土元素地球化学研究[M].煤炭工业出版社,2002,16-18
[100]王中刚,于学元,赵振华,等.稀土元素地球化学[M].科学出版社,1989,247-262