大规模定制模式下产品绿色设计方法研究
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摘要
随着企业生产模式从大规模生产向大规模定制(Mass Customization，MC)转变，产品设计已从对单一产品的设计转变为基于产品平台与产品族的快速定制化设计。本文对MC模式下绿色设计产品信息模型的构建、绿色产品客户需求分析与转换、面向绿色设计的产品族规划方法，以及基于产品配置的绿色产品设计等大规模定制模式下产品绿色设计的相关方法进行了深入的研究和探讨。
根据设计过程各个步骤的特点，在分析产品绿色设计信息需求的基础上，提出了基于继承的绿色产品抽象表述方法，建立了MC模式下基于继承关系的绿色设计产品信息模型框架，并研究了该信息模型支持下的绿色产品设计过程。
以绿色产品用户静态需求模板的基本架构为基础，构建了面向绿色设计的动态客户需求模板，实现了对客户需求进行规范化表述；采用改进的环境化质量功能配置方法，实现了从最初的客户需求向配置设计信息参数的转换；以自动豆浆机绿色设计为例，对该方法进行了实例验证。
给出了绿色产品族的定义，并提出了绿色产品族的构建方法；运用联合分析与系统聚类的方法，实现了对绿色产品客户群的细分；从拆卸性能、回收性能、环境影响以及经济性能四个方面对产品族内部结构单元的绿色性能进行量化分析，运用模糊聚类的方法对产品族结构单元实例进行归类处理，建立了一种面向绿色设计的产品族规划方法；以自动豆浆机产品族的规划为例，对该方法进行了验证与分析。
结合产品绿色设计的特点，构建了基于产品配置的绿色设计理论框架；给出了基于三种主流的配置方法(约束满足问题、基于实例推理以及优化配置)的绿色产品配置建模方法及相关算法；建立了配置结果的评价指标体系框架，给出了对配置结果进行评价的相关方法。
以前四点理论方法为基础，开发出了支持大规模定制的家电产品绿色设计软件系统EAGDS，并将该系统应用到某家电企业的电冰箱产品绿色设计中，在实际生产实践中对本文提出的理论方法进行了验证。
With enterprise's production mode shifting from Mass Production to Mass Customization (MC), product design has been shifted from single product design to fast customized design based on product platform and product family. The present paper researched and discussed thoroughly on the construction of green design product information model under MC mode, green product customer requirements analysis and shifting, green design oriented product family planning method, product configuration based green product design and other related methods of green design in MC mode.
In accordance with characteristics of each step in design process, on the foundation of analyzing product green design information requirements, a green product abstract depiction method based on inheritance was put forward, a green design product information model frame based on inheritance relationship under MC mode was built up, and green product design process supported by the information model was researched.
Based on fundamental structure of green product customer static requirements template, a green design oriented dynamic customer requirements template was constructed, standardized depiction of customer requirements was realized. Ameliorated Quality Function Deployment for Environment (QFDE) method was adopted to realize the shifting from original customer requirements to product configuration information parameter. Green design of automatic soybean milk maker was used to exemplify this method.
A definition of green product family was given and construction method of green product family was put forward. Conjoint analysis and systematic clustering methods were used to realize subdivision of green product customer group. Product family inner structural unit's green performance was quantified and analyzed from the four aspects of disassembly performance, recycle performance, environmental influence and economic performance. Fuzzy clustering method was used to categorize product family structural unit examples and a green design oriented product family planning method was built up. Product family planning of automatic soybean milk maker was used to validate and analyze this method.
Integrating characteristics of product green design, a green design theoretical frame based on product configuration was built up. Green product configuration model building method and related algorithm based on three mainstream configuration methods (Constraint Satisfaction Problem, Case Based Reasoning and Optimized Configuration) were given. Assessment indicator system frame of configuration results were built up. Related method of assessing configuration results was given.
Based the four theoretical methods mentioned above, a green design software system EAGDS for household appliance product under MC mode was developed. The present system was used in the green design of a household appliance manufacturer's refrigerator product. Theoretical method put forward in the present paper was validated in practical production.
根据设计过程各个步骤的特点，在分析产品绿色设计信息需求的基础上，提出了基于继承的绿色产品抽象表述方法，建立了MC模式下基于继承关系的绿色设计产品信息模型框架，并研究了该信息模型支持下的绿色产品设计过程。
以绿色产品用户静态需求模板的基本架构为基础，构建了面向绿色设计的动态客户需求模板，实现了对客户需求进行规范化表述；采用改进的环境化质量功能配置方法，实现了从最初的客户需求向配置设计信息参数的转换；以自动豆浆机绿色设计为例，对该方法进行了实例验证。
给出了绿色产品族的定义，并提出了绿色产品族的构建方法；运用联合分析与系统聚类的方法，实现了对绿色产品客户群的细分；从拆卸性能、回收性能、环境影响以及经济性能四个方面对产品族内部结构单元的绿色性能进行量化分析，运用模糊聚类的方法对产品族结构单元实例进行归类处理，建立了一种面向绿色设计的产品族规划方法；以自动豆浆机产品族的规划为例，对该方法进行了验证与分析。
结合产品绿色设计的特点，构建了基于产品配置的绿色设计理论框架；给出了基于三种主流的配置方法(约束满足问题、基于实例推理以及优化配置)的绿色产品配置建模方法及相关算法；建立了配置结果的评价指标体系框架，给出了对配置结果进行评价的相关方法。
以前四点理论方法为基础，开发出了支持大规模定制的家电产品绿色设计软件系统EAGDS，并将该系统应用到某家电企业的电冰箱产品绿色设计中，在实际生产实践中对本文提出的理论方法进行了验证。
With enterprise's production mode shifting from Mass Production to Mass Customization (MC), product design has been shifted from single product design to fast customized design based on product platform and product family. The present paper researched and discussed thoroughly on the construction of green design product information model under MC mode, green product customer requirements analysis and shifting, green design oriented product family planning method, product configuration based green product design and other related methods of green design in MC mode.
In accordance with characteristics of each step in design process, on the foundation of analyzing product green design information requirements, a green product abstract depiction method based on inheritance was put forward, a green design product information model frame based on inheritance relationship under MC mode was built up, and green product design process supported by the information model was researched.
Based on fundamental structure of green product customer static requirements template, a green design oriented dynamic customer requirements template was constructed, standardized depiction of customer requirements was realized. Ameliorated Quality Function Deployment for Environment (QFDE) method was adopted to realize the shifting from original customer requirements to product configuration information parameter. Green design of automatic soybean milk maker was used to exemplify this method.
A definition of green product family was given and construction method of green product family was put forward. Conjoint analysis and systematic clustering methods were used to realize subdivision of green product customer group. Product family inner structural unit's green performance was quantified and analyzed from the four aspects of disassembly performance, recycle performance, environmental influence and economic performance. Fuzzy clustering method was used to categorize product family structural unit examples and a green design oriented product family planning method was built up. Product family planning of automatic soybean milk maker was used to validate and analyze this method.
Integrating characteristics of product green design, a green design theoretical frame based on product configuration was built up. Green product configuration model building method and related algorithm based on three mainstream configuration methods (Constraint Satisfaction Problem, Case Based Reasoning and Optimized Configuration) were given. Assessment indicator system frame of configuration results were built up. Related method of assessing configuration results was given.
Based the four theoretical methods mentioned above, a green design software system EAGDS for household appliance product under MC mode was developed. The present system was used in the green design of a household appliance manufacturer's refrigerator product. Theoretical method put forward in the present paper was validated in practical production.
引文
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