住宅区物业管理中的安全风险管理研究
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摘要
随着房地产市场的蓬勃发展,物业管理作为房地产业发展衍生出来的产物,是房地产开发的延续与完善,是适应市场经济而建立起来的一种综合性的经营服务方式。但是物业管理在我国作为一个朝阳产业,发展的不成熟,同时大部分物业管理企业的管理水平落后,物业管理者重收费轻服务,大部分上岗人员是物业管理公司临时招聘的,缺乏专业技能和服务意识,使得目前物业管理行业纠纷不断,物管企业的风险大大增加。
在物业管理的各种风险中,安全管理风险是其中的重中之重,如何采取有效措施防范和控制安全风险,是摆在每个物业管理公司面前的头等大事。特别是住宅小区的物业管理服务,安全管理工作与千家万户的生活息息相关,业主需要一个安全、和谐、宁静的生活环境,所以防范安全风险至关重要。安全事故的发生,不仅给业主及其家人造成巨大的伤害,同时也给物业管理公司带来沉重的打击,包括巨大的经济损失、法律责任的风险和信誉上的负面影响。
这篇论文从物业管理的特点、内容和风险管理的定义、流程等方面详细分析了住宅区物业管理中的安全风险管理体系。利用专家调查法和参考文献法对住宅区物业管理中的安全风险进行风险识别,接着按照FMEA法的分析程序,建立严重度、频度、探测度和风险系数的评估标准表格,利用专家打分法、加权平均法和问卷调查法对各个安全风险打分、修正、评估,排出风险等级,对高风险的安全隐患一一提出建议措施,最后对整个住宅区物业管理的安全风险提出应对策略。
这篇论文力求按照风险管理的步骤与方法建立住宅区物业管理中的安全风险的识别、分析、评价、应对等的风险管理体系,并运用FMEA法分析安全风险的失效模式和失效后果,最终联系实际,提出切实有效、可以操作的风险应对措施。
With the booming real estate market, property management as a real estate development which derived from the product of real estate development is the continuation and improvement of the market economy and built up a comprehensive business service mode.But the property management in China as a sunrise industry, the development of premature and at the same time most of the property management enterprise the management level to be backward, business of the management behind the property managers re-charge light, most of the posts are property management companies to recruit the temporary lack of professionalism Skills and service consciousness, making the current property management industry disputes, property management companies greatly increased the risk.
In property management's each kind of risk, security risk management is one of the most important, how to adopt effective measures to prevent and control the security risk is placed in each of the property management company before a top priority.In particular the residential quarters of the property management services, security management and in the daily lives of thousands of households, the owners need a safe, harmonious and peaceful living environment, which is essential to guard against security risks.Safety incident's occurrence,not only causes the huge damage for the owners and their family members,but also bring property management companies the serious attack, including the huge economic losses, liability risks and negative effects on the credibility.
This article from the characteristics of property management, risk management and the definition of processes in areas such as a detailed analysis of the residential property management in the security risk management system.Experts investigating method and the use of law and references on residential property management in the security risk for risk Recognition,then in accordance with the law FMEA analysis of the process, the establishment of severity, frequency, detection and risk assessment standard form factor, the expert use of the scoring method, the weighted average and a survey on various security risk rating, as amended, assessment, the discharge level of risk, high-risk security measures to make recommendations, the last of the entire residential property management should be put forward to deal with security risk strategy.
This article makes every effort according to the steps in accordance with the risk management methods and the establishment of residential property management in the security risk identification, analysis, evaluation, and so on to deal with the risk management system and the application of the law FMEA analysis of the security risks of failure modes and the consequences of failure, the ultimate reality, Put forward practical and effective, measures to deal with the risk of the operation.
在物业管理的各种风险中,安全管理风险是其中的重中之重,如何采取有效措施防范和控制安全风险,是摆在每个物业管理公司面前的头等大事。特别是住宅小区的物业管理服务,安全管理工作与千家万户的生活息息相关,业主需要一个安全、和谐、宁静的生活环境,所以防范安全风险至关重要。安全事故的发生,不仅给业主及其家人造成巨大的伤害,同时也给物业管理公司带来沉重的打击,包括巨大的经济损失、法律责任的风险和信誉上的负面影响。
这篇论文从物业管理的特点、内容和风险管理的定义、流程等方面详细分析了住宅区物业管理中的安全风险管理体系。利用专家调查法和参考文献法对住宅区物业管理中的安全风险进行风险识别,接着按照FMEA法的分析程序,建立严重度、频度、探测度和风险系数的评估标准表格,利用专家打分法、加权平均法和问卷调查法对各个安全风险打分、修正、评估,排出风险等级,对高风险的安全隐患一一提出建议措施,最后对整个住宅区物业管理的安全风险提出应对策略。
这篇论文力求按照风险管理的步骤与方法建立住宅区物业管理中的安全风险的识别、分析、评价、应对等的风险管理体系,并运用FMEA法分析安全风险的失效模式和失效后果,最终联系实际,提出切实有效、可以操作的风险应对措施。
With the booming real estate market, property management as a real estate development which derived from the product of real estate development is the continuation and improvement of the market economy and built up a comprehensive business service mode.But the property management in China as a sunrise industry, the development of premature and at the same time most of the property management enterprise the management level to be backward, business of the management behind the property managers re-charge light, most of the posts are property management companies to recruit the temporary lack of professionalism Skills and service consciousness, making the current property management industry disputes, property management companies greatly increased the risk.
In property management's each kind of risk, security risk management is one of the most important, how to adopt effective measures to prevent and control the security risk is placed in each of the property management company before a top priority.In particular the residential quarters of the property management services, security management and in the daily lives of thousands of households, the owners need a safe, harmonious and peaceful living environment, which is essential to guard against security risks.Safety incident's occurrence,not only causes the huge damage for the owners and their family members,but also bring property management companies the serious attack, including the huge economic losses, liability risks and negative effects on the credibility.
This article from the characteristics of property management, risk management and the definition of processes in areas such as a detailed analysis of the residential property management in the security risk management system.Experts investigating method and the use of law and references on residential property management in the security risk for risk Recognition,then in accordance with the law FMEA analysis of the process, the establishment of severity, frequency, detection and risk assessment standard form factor, the expert use of the scoring method, the weighted average and a survey on various security risk rating, as amended, assessment, the discharge level of risk, high-risk security measures to make recommendations, the last of the entire residential property management should be put forward to deal with security risk strategy.
This article makes every effort according to the steps in accordance with the risk management methods and the establishment of residential property management in the security risk identification, analysis, evaluation, and so on to deal with the risk management system and the application of the law FMEA analysis of the security risks of failure modes and the consequences of failure, the ultimate reality, Put forward practical and effective, measures to deal with the risk of the operation.
引文
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[31]张自明,住宅区物业管理民事法律关系主体研究[D].成都:四川大学,2007.
[32]陈德豪,李春云,物业管理概论[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2004.
[33]李忠富,关柯,曹学昌,现代住宅管理[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002:213-214.
[34]彭清元,地质灾害防治工程项目中的风险管理研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2007.
[35]胡义仁,施工企业工程项目风险管理研究与实践[D].重庆:重庆大学,2007.
[36]彭清元,地质灾害防治工程项目中的风险管理研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2007.
[37]王锋,建设工程风险管理[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2005.
[38]刘伊生,《工程造价基础理论与相关法规》[M].北京:中国计划出版社,2006.
[39]戴玉林,王媚莎,物业管理实务教程[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2008:218-219.
[40]李维佳,FMEA应用于设备维护的研究,[D].成都:西南交通大学,2003.
[41] Joseph Barkai. Automatic Generation of a Diagnostic Expert Systemfrom Failure Mode and Effects Analysis(FMEA) Information[C].International Congress and Exposition Detroit Michigan .Marchl-4,1999.
[42]王高峰,FMEA在质量管理中的应用.电子质量[J],2002(01).
[43]王绍印,故障模式和影响分析[M].广州:中山大学出版社,2003.
[44]一种物业管理风险评估及防范的简单有效方法[EB/OL]. http://wylaw.a.lunqun.com/simple/index.php?t81652.html.
[45]《物业管理基础教程》[EB/OL].http://www.wyfwgw.com/search.asp.
[46] Peter G. Moore,The Business of Risk[M].Cambridge, 1997.
[47]浅论物业管理中的安全管理[EB/OL]. http://www.manager365.com/Article/zhglq/QTGL/200610/20061019124336.html.
[48]贺学良,王子润,中国物业管理[M].香港:文汇出版社,1997.
[49] Emmett.J.Vaughan,Risk Management[M].John Wiley&Sons.Inc.1997.
[50]齐锡晶,于泳,赵丽娜,物业管理理论与实务[M].北京:中国建材工业出版社,2002.
[51] Arrow K J.Essays in the Theory of Risk Bearing[M].New York NorthHolland,1971.
[52]戴佳利,建筑企业工程项目风险管理系统的构建[D].重庆:重庆大学,2006.
[53]武智慧,物业管理概论[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2004.
[54]卓志,风险管理理论[M].北京:中国金融出版社,知识产权出版社,2006:1-14.
[55]于金伟,FMEA与控制计划在过程控制中的应用[J].世界标准化与质量管理,2006(9).
[56]许家雄,建设工程风险管理的研究与应用[D].南昌:南昌大学,2006.
[2]王青兰,齐坚,物业管理理论与实务[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1997.
[3]宋建阳,《物业管理概论》[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社,2002.
[4]谢家谨,季如进等,物业管理概论[M].北京:中国物价出版社,1996.
[5]谭善勇,现代物业管理实务[M].北京经济学院出版社,2003.
[6]王卓甫,工程项目风险管理[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1995.
[7] Mowbray A H, Blanchard R H, Williams CA ,Insurance.4th ed[M]. New York;McGraw-Hill, 1955.
[8] C. B. Chapman, Cooper D F. Risk A Analysis for Large Projects:Models,Methods and Cases[M]. New York, NY :John Wiley&Sons, 1987.
[9]郭仲伟,风险分析与决策[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1987.
[10]陈仕亮,风险管理[M].成都:西南财经大学出版社,1994.
[11]尹平,经营风险与防范[M].北京:经济科学出版社,1998.
[12]周宜波,风险管理概论[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,1992.
[13]雷胜强,国际工程风险管理与保险.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[14]阎华红,中国企业风险与防范[M].北京:工商出版社,1999.
[15]成虎,工程项目管理[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000.
[16]王卓甫,工程项目风险管理[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1995.
[17]戚安邦,现代项目管理[M].北京:对外经贸大学出版社,2001.
[18]乔林,建筑工程施工风险与保险[M].上海:上海科学技术文献出版社,1999.
[19]王坤,建筑施工安全风险管理研究与实践[D].重庆:重庆大学,2007.
[20]朱红,大连伊景华园项目安全风险管理研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2007.
[21]董睿,基于风险分析的建筑施工现场安全管理评价与对策[D].天津:天津大学,2007.
[22]赵婧,物业管理公司的安全保障义务研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2007.
[23]曹映乎,物管企业在安全管理中的法律风险防范[J] .湖南税务高等专科学校学报,2006(2).
[24]吕景胜,物业管理的风险防范[J].中国中小企业,2007(8).
[25]杨维萍,广汉物业管理公司经营状况与发展对策分析[D].成都:电子科技大学,2004.
[26]张晓萍,物业管理风险分析[J].经济师,2006(4).
[27]杨红,物业管理企业的责任[D].上海:华东政法学院,2002.
[28]任长江,住宅小区物业管理规范化管理制度范本[M].北京:人民邮电出版社, 2007:1-7.
[29]方芳,吕萍,物业管理[M].北京:中国建材工业出版社,2005.
[30]童忻,朱兆荧,物业管理[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,知识产权出版社,2006:1.
[31]张自明,住宅区物业管理民事法律关系主体研究[D].成都:四川大学,2007.
[32]陈德豪,李春云,物业管理概论[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2004.
[33]李忠富,关柯,曹学昌,现代住宅管理[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002:213-214.
[34]彭清元,地质灾害防治工程项目中的风险管理研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2007.
[35]胡义仁,施工企业工程项目风险管理研究与实践[D].重庆:重庆大学,2007.
[36]彭清元,地质灾害防治工程项目中的风险管理研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2007.
[37]王锋,建设工程风险管理[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2005.
[38]刘伊生,《工程造价基础理论与相关法规》[M].北京:中国计划出版社,2006.
[39]戴玉林,王媚莎,物业管理实务教程[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2008:218-219.
[40]李维佳,FMEA应用于设备维护的研究,[D].成都:西南交通大学,2003.
[41] Joseph Barkai. Automatic Generation of a Diagnostic Expert Systemfrom Failure Mode and Effects Analysis(FMEA) Information[C].International Congress and Exposition Detroit Michigan .Marchl-4,1999.
[42]王高峰,FMEA在质量管理中的应用.电子质量[J],2002(01).
[43]王绍印,故障模式和影响分析[M].广州:中山大学出版社,2003.
[44]一种物业管理风险评估及防范的简单有效方法[EB/OL]. http://wylaw.a.lunqun.com/simple/index.php?t81652.html.
[45]《物业管理基础教程》[EB/OL].http://www.wyfwgw.com/search.asp.
[46] Peter G. Moore,The Business of Risk[M].Cambridge, 1997.
[47]浅论物业管理中的安全管理[EB/OL]. http://www.manager365.com/Article/zhglq/QTGL/200610/20061019124336.html.
[48]贺学良,王子润,中国物业管理[M].香港:文汇出版社,1997.
[49] Emmett.J.Vaughan,Risk Management[M].John Wiley&Sons.Inc.1997.
[50]齐锡晶,于泳,赵丽娜,物业管理理论与实务[M].北京:中国建材工业出版社,2002.
[51] Arrow K J.Essays in the Theory of Risk Bearing[M].New York NorthHolland,1971.
[52]戴佳利,建筑企业工程项目风险管理系统的构建[D].重庆:重庆大学,2006.
[53]武智慧,物业管理概论[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2004.
[54]卓志,风险管理理论[M].北京:中国金融出版社,知识产权出版社,2006:1-14.
[55]于金伟,FMEA与控制计划在过程控制中的应用[J].世界标准化与质量管理,2006(9).
[56]许家雄,建设工程风险管理的研究与应用[D].南昌:南昌大学,2006.