风电装备制造企业供应链管理关键技术研究
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摘要
风力发电机组的制造是一个供应链制造,风力发电机组的制造成本对风电运营成本起到了决定性的作用,供应链是发展风力发电产业的关键因素。组成风力发电机组的关键零部件:叶片、轴承、轮毂、主轴、轴承、齿轮箱、联轴器、发电机、偏航系统、控制系统、塔架等重大关主件,要求可靠性高、体积大、重,生产工艺复杂,设计制造周期长,价格昂贵,库存水平低,供应链的建立及运行管理是风电机组整机制造企业面临的突出问题。我国发展风电供应链的主要问题在于:过分依赖国外供应商、关键零部件国产化时间长、工艺技术水平不高、材料质量差、研发能力不强。
论文结合风电装备制造企业实际和供应链理论,拟从供应商选择、供应链风险管理和供应链质量管理三个角度展开研究。论文的结构及主要内容如下:
第一章分析了我国风电装备制造的现状和问题,阐述了风电装备制造企业供应链管理的研究意义。我国风电装备制造企业正在蓬勃发展,但是也面临很多问题,主要问题有:过分依赖国外供应商,盲目上马风电项目,工人的技术水平有限,制造商的制造工艺水平不高,材料质量低,研发能力不强等问题。对供应商选择、供应链风险管理、供应链质量管理的文献进行了分析。比较了各种供应商选择方法的特性,综述了供应链风险管理的研究领域,总结了以往学者对供应链质量管理的研究成果。
第二章采用可拓学方法进行风电装备供应商选择。可拓学是系统评价的有效方法,可以解决现实中的矛盾问题。风电装备供应商选择中有许多相互矛盾的评价指标,利用可拓学的方法可以解决这些矛盾问题。
第三章论述了供应链风险的概念、类型、特征等内容,在分析了供应链风险的影响因素后,提出了供应链风险预测模型,建立了供应链绩效和不确定因素矩阵,根据供应商的绩效和所处环境的影响因素将供应商分为四类:岩石,碎石,明星和瘦狗。将风电装备制造企业供应商划分为这四类可以快速识别风险,采取有效措施规避供应链风险。
第四章论述了供应链质量管理的概念、基本内容、特点、运作模型等内容,在分析以前学者研究的基础上,提出六种假设:质量管理实践与供应商参与相关;供应商参与实践与组织绩效正相关;质量管理实践和供应商选择重相关;供应商选择水平对组织绩效有正面影响;质量管理实践的水平与组织绩效正相关;供应商参与和供应商选择相关。根据这六种假设,建立供应链质量管理结构平衡模型,并分析风电装备供应链的各阶层的联系,建立制造供应链质量结果模型。根据这六种假设,提出不连续网络供应链质量管理模型和连续网络供应链质量模型。根据风电装备制造的特点,提出风电装备制造企业供应链质量管理的策略和研究方向。
第五章对论文进行了总结和展望。论文主要从供应商选择、供应链风险管理、供应链质量管理三个方面进行研究。今后的研究着重风电装备企业供应链风险和质量管理方面的定量研究和实证研究。
Supply chain is the key factor to develop the wind power generation industry. A wind turbine generator system consists of blades, bearing, hub, principal axis bearing, gearbox, coupling, generator, yawing system, electrical control system, tower. The parts and the accessories are big and heavy. The production process is complex. It requires a long-term production cycle. The price is expensive and the inventory is low level. In these conditions, the effective supply chain is the guarantee to produce and deliver goods in time for whole wind turbine manufacturers. There are several problems in developing the supply chain in China: Relying on the imported suppliers; Blind manufacturers; Poor skill of workers; technology and processing in low level; P oor quality of material; Research and development in low level;
The chapter one reviews the basic theory of supply chain management. Supply chain management is a advanced method which is resources from Porter’s The advantage of competition.“Value Chain”is mentioned in this book. The theories of supply chain include: symbiosis theory; transaction cost theory; Game Theory; value chain theory; theory of core competence
The chapter two study the supplier selecting and provides a method to use extensive theory to solve the supplier selecting problem. The extensive theory is mainly used to solve the paradox problems. The extensive theory can be used to select the supplier.
The chapter three study supply chain risk management. First, reviews the articles about the supply chain risk. Basic on the analysis of the supply chain risk, the paper gives a model of foresting the risk of supply chain risk. The risk includes internal risk and external risk. According the kind of risk, suppliers of the enterprise is divided into four categories: stone, gravel, superstar, giant. This method can effectively identify the supply chain risk, then take measures to reduce risk.
The chapter four analyzes the quality problems of wind turbine equipment from the supply chain perspective. Based on the literature, the paper made six kinds of assumptions: the quality of management practices associated with supplier involvement; suppliers to participate in practice and organizational performance are related; quality management practices and weight-related supplier selection; the level of supplier selection have a positive impact on organizational performance ; the level of quality management practices and organizational performance are related; suppliers to participate and select the relevant supplier. According to these six values, the paper established the structure balance model of supply chain quality management. The structure balance model b of supply chain quality management can analyze the wind power equipment supply chain links all levels.
The chapter five summarize this paper and prospect the direction of the future research.
论文结合风电装备制造企业实际和供应链理论,拟从供应商选择、供应链风险管理和供应链质量管理三个角度展开研究。论文的结构及主要内容如下:
第一章分析了我国风电装备制造的现状和问题,阐述了风电装备制造企业供应链管理的研究意义。我国风电装备制造企业正在蓬勃发展,但是也面临很多问题,主要问题有:过分依赖国外供应商,盲目上马风电项目,工人的技术水平有限,制造商的制造工艺水平不高,材料质量低,研发能力不强等问题。对供应商选择、供应链风险管理、供应链质量管理的文献进行了分析。比较了各种供应商选择方法的特性,综述了供应链风险管理的研究领域,总结了以往学者对供应链质量管理的研究成果。
第二章采用可拓学方法进行风电装备供应商选择。可拓学是系统评价的有效方法,可以解决现实中的矛盾问题。风电装备供应商选择中有许多相互矛盾的评价指标,利用可拓学的方法可以解决这些矛盾问题。
第三章论述了供应链风险的概念、类型、特征等内容,在分析了供应链风险的影响因素后,提出了供应链风险预测模型,建立了供应链绩效和不确定因素矩阵,根据供应商的绩效和所处环境的影响因素将供应商分为四类:岩石,碎石,明星和瘦狗。将风电装备制造企业供应商划分为这四类可以快速识别风险,采取有效措施规避供应链风险。
第四章论述了供应链质量管理的概念、基本内容、特点、运作模型等内容,在分析以前学者研究的基础上,提出六种假设:质量管理实践与供应商参与相关;供应商参与实践与组织绩效正相关;质量管理实践和供应商选择重相关;供应商选择水平对组织绩效有正面影响;质量管理实践的水平与组织绩效正相关;供应商参与和供应商选择相关。根据这六种假设,建立供应链质量管理结构平衡模型,并分析风电装备供应链的各阶层的联系,建立制造供应链质量结果模型。根据这六种假设,提出不连续网络供应链质量管理模型和连续网络供应链质量模型。根据风电装备制造的特点,提出风电装备制造企业供应链质量管理的策略和研究方向。
第五章对论文进行了总结和展望。论文主要从供应商选择、供应链风险管理、供应链质量管理三个方面进行研究。今后的研究着重风电装备企业供应链风险和质量管理方面的定量研究和实证研究。
Supply chain is the key factor to develop the wind power generation industry. A wind turbine generator system consists of blades, bearing, hub, principal axis bearing, gearbox, coupling, generator, yawing system, electrical control system, tower. The parts and the accessories are big and heavy. The production process is complex. It requires a long-term production cycle. The price is expensive and the inventory is low level. In these conditions, the effective supply chain is the guarantee to produce and deliver goods in time for whole wind turbine manufacturers. There are several problems in developing the supply chain in China: Relying on the imported suppliers; Blind manufacturers; Poor skill of workers; technology and processing in low level; P oor quality of material; Research and development in low level;
The chapter one reviews the basic theory of supply chain management. Supply chain management is a advanced method which is resources from Porter’s The advantage of competition.“Value Chain”is mentioned in this book. The theories of supply chain include: symbiosis theory; transaction cost theory; Game Theory; value chain theory; theory of core competence
The chapter two study the supplier selecting and provides a method to use extensive theory to solve the supplier selecting problem. The extensive theory is mainly used to solve the paradox problems. The extensive theory can be used to select the supplier.
The chapter three study supply chain risk management. First, reviews the articles about the supply chain risk. Basic on the analysis of the supply chain risk, the paper gives a model of foresting the risk of supply chain risk. The risk includes internal risk and external risk. According the kind of risk, suppliers of the enterprise is divided into four categories: stone, gravel, superstar, giant. This method can effectively identify the supply chain risk, then take measures to reduce risk.
The chapter four analyzes the quality problems of wind turbine equipment from the supply chain perspective. Based on the literature, the paper made six kinds of assumptions: the quality of management practices associated with supplier involvement; suppliers to participate in practice and organizational performance are related; quality management practices and weight-related supplier selection; the level of supplier selection have a positive impact on organizational performance ; the level of quality management practices and organizational performance are related; suppliers to participate and select the relevant supplier. According to these six values, the paper established the structure balance model of supply chain quality management. The structure balance model b of supply chain quality management can analyze the wind power equipment supply chain links all levels.
The chapter five summarize this paper and prospect the direction of the future research.
引文
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