基于RFID与TD-SCDMA的家电生产过程信息追溯技术研究
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摘要
随着我国家电行业制造业的快速发展,我国家电制造企业对生产与物流过程中信息追溯与管理的要求与日俱增。RFID技术作为物理世界与信息系统的桥梁,借助TD-SCDMA网络的无线远程传输功能,可将家电制造生产过程产品活动与信息追溯管理系统有效的整合在一起,从而达到优化制造工艺流程、提高企业生产效率、提供新型公共服务应用和提高企业竞争力的作用。
本文的主要目标就是解决RFID技术与TD-SCDMA技术在家电制造业生产过程信息追溯应用中存在的软硬件及实施方面的共性问题,研究的成果具有较强的行业代表性和重要的应用推广价值。本文的主要工作在于：
1.针对RFID技术在家电生产过程中的可行性问题,提出了RFID仿真部署平台,在现场应用前进行仿真研究可行性。在确定仿真原则的基础上,该平台对应用部署中的影响RFID性能的关键参数进行仿真,实现生产环境中的基本环境、描述环境和实体对象的仿真。文中给出了仿真部署平台的总体结构及结构分析,并对关键技术如事件处理技术、多线程技术、双缓冲技术和优化评估技术进行了详细研究。此外,我们还对仿真部署平台进行了建模,定义了平台的数据结构,并对条形码管理和实时监控等扩展功能进行了研究。最后,给出了RFID技术应用的可行性总结。
2.研究了RFID技术在家电生产管理中的应用问题,明确了在整个物流管理过程中RFID作为信息载体的作用；提出了RFID技术在生产线上的系统集成方案及应用模式,并且通过抽象家电制造业制造过程,解决RFID技术在各个过程中的具体实施问题。本文以海尔冰柜生产线为例,给出了RFID技术在家电生产过程中的具体实施实例。文中首先给出了RFID应用实例的实施架构,研究了RFID标签使用及生产流程,即RFID电子标签的贴标业务流程,其次研究了RFID实施布局及实施步骤,最后,对RFID系统软硬件设备的安装与调试进行了详细的讨论和说明。
3.针对家电生产过程的特点,本文研究适合家电生产过程中应用的超高频RFID标签芯片和RFID读写器。我们研制了符合ISO18000-6C标准的标签芯片的流片,对其中主要的研究内容如超低功耗电路设计、标准CMOS肖特基二极管、防碰撞算法和射频前端理论模型进行了介绍,对RFID标签芯片的特点进行了分析。文中还对RFID读写器系统架构进行了研究,对读写器的主要性能指标和核心模块开发技术开发进行了分析。
4.本文研究了基于RFID技术和TD-SCDMA通讯系统的融合技术。在系统终端研究方面,主要基于两种可实现方案。方案一在现有的TD-SCDMA手机和POS终端上集成低功耗的RFID读写器模块,实现RFID技术与TD-SCDMA移动通信系统的融合；方案二为基于现有的TD-SCDMA手机终端,利用TD-SCDMA的频段,开发能够被TD-SCDMA信号激活的TTF (Tag Talk First) RFID标签芯片和TD-SCDMA手机SIM卡。这样手机只需要更换新的SIM卡,就能够实现与RFID标签的通信。文中研究了近距离终端融合的关键技术以及终端开发的关键技术以实现这两种方案。
5.研究基于RFID技术和TD-SCDMA网络的家电物流公共服务平台,实现零售商、第三方物流、供应商及消费者间进行数据交换和共享。文中在总结了家电生产业务流程,研究了公共服务体系的基本原理与体系结构。在研究RFID公共服务体系中的基本服务如根编码解析服务、本地编码解析服务、检索与信息服务和信息服务的基础上,总结了公共服务的工作流程。最后文中研究了两个应用实例：家电物流管理验证系统和产品防伪验证技术。
本文在最后一章对全文进行了总结,并且对今后进一步的研究方向进行了展望。
As the rapid development of the household-appliance industry in China, the household-appliances factories in our country have a growing need on the application of information tracing and management in the production and logistics processes. RFID technology, as a bridge between the physic world and information system, utilizes the remote wirelessly transform function of the TD-SCDMA networks and effectively integrate the activities in the production process and information tracing and management systems to achieve the optimization of the production process, to raise the effectiveness of the factories'production, to provide the new type public services and to promote the competition of the companies.
The main target of this thesis is to solve the common problems in the application of RFID technology and TD-SCDMA technology in the production process of household-appliance from the views of software, hardware and deploying. The results of this research have practical industries experiences and great promotional value. The main work of this thesis is:
1. To study the feasibility of the RFID technology, a deployment simulation platform is proposed to simulate the process before real application. Based on determining the simulation principle, the platform utilizes the key factors which most influence the performance of RFID technology and realize the simulation of basic environment, description environment and entities. In this thesis, the architecture and the structure analysis of the platform are given. Some key technologies such as event processing technology, multi-thread technology, double buffering technology and optimization and evaluation technologies are deeply studied. Besides, the model of the platform and the definition of used data structure are given. The extensive functions such as bar code managements and real-time monitoring are studies. Finally, the feasibility of the RFID technology is summarized.
2. The application of RFID technology in household-appliance is investigated. After determining the role of RFID technology as information carrier, the system integration scheme and application pattern are proposed. Furthermore, by abstracting the production process in household-appliance manufacture, practical problems of deploying RFID technology in abstract process are solved. In this thesis, taking the production lines of Haier fridge as an example, the instance of applying RFID technology in household-appliance manufacture is given. The deployment framework is firstly given in the thesis. The usage and production of RFID tags, the labeling process of RFID tags, is studied. Furthermore, the arrangement and procedure of deployment of RFID technology is investigated. Finally, the installation and debug of software and hardware of RFID technology is discussed and described in detail.
3. For the characters of the production process of household-appliance, the deployed UHF RFID tags and UHF RFID readers used in the production process of household-appliance is studied in this thesis. The chip in the tags which meets the standard of ISO18000-6C is developed. The main study issues such as super low power consumption circuit, standard CMOS Schottky Barrier Diode, collusion-proof algorithms and theoretic model of Radio Front-End are introduced. The characters of RFID tags are analyzed. Besides, the framework of the RFID readers is studied in this thesis. Main performance index and development technologies of core modules are investigated.
4. The technology integration of RFID technology and TD-SCDMA communication systems are investigated in this thesis. To study the system terminal, there are two implementable schemes. The first scheme is to integrate low power consumption RFID reader module with existing TD-SCDMA phones and POS terminals so that to realize technology integration of RFID technology and TD-SCDMA communication systems. The second scheme is to utilize the frequency band of TD-SCDMA to develop the TTF RFID tag which can be activated by TD-SCDMA signals and SIM card used in TD-SCDMA phones. In such way, by only switching new SIM card, the phone can communicate with the RFID tags. In this thesis, to implement these two schemes, key techniques of short range terminal fusion technologies and of terminal development are investigated.
5. The common public service platform based on RFID technology and TD-SCDMA networks is studied so that the exchange and sharing of data between dealers, third party logistics, renders and customers can be realized. The business process of household-appliance manufacture is given in this thesis. The basic principle and architecture of common public service is investigated. Based on the study of basic services of RFID common public services such as root parsing service, local parsing service, index service and information service, the workflow process of common public service is summarized. Finally, two application instances such as house-appliance logistic management system and production anti-fake technology are investigated.
The conclusions and directions for future research are discussed in the last chapter of this thesis.
本文的主要目标就是解决RFID技术与TD-SCDMA技术在家电制造业生产过程信息追溯应用中存在的软硬件及实施方面的共性问题,研究的成果具有较强的行业代表性和重要的应用推广价值。本文的主要工作在于：
1.针对RFID技术在家电生产过程中的可行性问题,提出了RFID仿真部署平台,在现场应用前进行仿真研究可行性。在确定仿真原则的基础上,该平台对应用部署中的影响RFID性能的关键参数进行仿真,实现生产环境中的基本环境、描述环境和实体对象的仿真。文中给出了仿真部署平台的总体结构及结构分析,并对关键技术如事件处理技术、多线程技术、双缓冲技术和优化评估技术进行了详细研究。此外,我们还对仿真部署平台进行了建模,定义了平台的数据结构,并对条形码管理和实时监控等扩展功能进行了研究。最后,给出了RFID技术应用的可行性总结。
2.研究了RFID技术在家电生产管理中的应用问题,明确了在整个物流管理过程中RFID作为信息载体的作用；提出了RFID技术在生产线上的系统集成方案及应用模式,并且通过抽象家电制造业制造过程,解决RFID技术在各个过程中的具体实施问题。本文以海尔冰柜生产线为例,给出了RFID技术在家电生产过程中的具体实施实例。文中首先给出了RFID应用实例的实施架构,研究了RFID标签使用及生产流程,即RFID电子标签的贴标业务流程,其次研究了RFID实施布局及实施步骤,最后,对RFID系统软硬件设备的安装与调试进行了详细的讨论和说明。
3.针对家电生产过程的特点,本文研究适合家电生产过程中应用的超高频RFID标签芯片和RFID读写器。我们研制了符合ISO18000-6C标准的标签芯片的流片,对其中主要的研究内容如超低功耗电路设计、标准CMOS肖特基二极管、防碰撞算法和射频前端理论模型进行了介绍,对RFID标签芯片的特点进行了分析。文中还对RFID读写器系统架构进行了研究,对读写器的主要性能指标和核心模块开发技术开发进行了分析。
4.本文研究了基于RFID技术和TD-SCDMA通讯系统的融合技术。在系统终端研究方面,主要基于两种可实现方案。方案一在现有的TD-SCDMA手机和POS终端上集成低功耗的RFID读写器模块,实现RFID技术与TD-SCDMA移动通信系统的融合；方案二为基于现有的TD-SCDMA手机终端,利用TD-SCDMA的频段,开发能够被TD-SCDMA信号激活的TTF (Tag Talk First) RFID标签芯片和TD-SCDMA手机SIM卡。这样手机只需要更换新的SIM卡,就能够实现与RFID标签的通信。文中研究了近距离终端融合的关键技术以及终端开发的关键技术以实现这两种方案。
5.研究基于RFID技术和TD-SCDMA网络的家电物流公共服务平台,实现零售商、第三方物流、供应商及消费者间进行数据交换和共享。文中在总结了家电生产业务流程,研究了公共服务体系的基本原理与体系结构。在研究RFID公共服务体系中的基本服务如根编码解析服务、本地编码解析服务、检索与信息服务和信息服务的基础上,总结了公共服务的工作流程。最后文中研究了两个应用实例：家电物流管理验证系统和产品防伪验证技术。
本文在最后一章对全文进行了总结,并且对今后进一步的研究方向进行了展望。
As the rapid development of the household-appliance industry in China, the household-appliances factories in our country have a growing need on the application of information tracing and management in the production and logistics processes. RFID technology, as a bridge between the physic world and information system, utilizes the remote wirelessly transform function of the TD-SCDMA networks and effectively integrate the activities in the production process and information tracing and management systems to achieve the optimization of the production process, to raise the effectiveness of the factories'production, to provide the new type public services and to promote the competition of the companies.
The main target of this thesis is to solve the common problems in the application of RFID technology and TD-SCDMA technology in the production process of household-appliance from the views of software, hardware and deploying. The results of this research have practical industries experiences and great promotional value. The main work of this thesis is:
1. To study the feasibility of the RFID technology, a deployment simulation platform is proposed to simulate the process before real application. Based on determining the simulation principle, the platform utilizes the key factors which most influence the performance of RFID technology and realize the simulation of basic environment, description environment and entities. In this thesis, the architecture and the structure analysis of the platform are given. Some key technologies such as event processing technology, multi-thread technology, double buffering technology and optimization and evaluation technologies are deeply studied. Besides, the model of the platform and the definition of used data structure are given. The extensive functions such as bar code managements and real-time monitoring are studies. Finally, the feasibility of the RFID technology is summarized.
2. The application of RFID technology in household-appliance is investigated. After determining the role of RFID technology as information carrier, the system integration scheme and application pattern are proposed. Furthermore, by abstracting the production process in household-appliance manufacture, practical problems of deploying RFID technology in abstract process are solved. In this thesis, taking the production lines of Haier fridge as an example, the instance of applying RFID technology in household-appliance manufacture is given. The deployment framework is firstly given in the thesis. The usage and production of RFID tags, the labeling process of RFID tags, is studied. Furthermore, the arrangement and procedure of deployment of RFID technology is investigated. Finally, the installation and debug of software and hardware of RFID technology is discussed and described in detail.
3. For the characters of the production process of household-appliance, the deployed UHF RFID tags and UHF RFID readers used in the production process of household-appliance is studied in this thesis. The chip in the tags which meets the standard of ISO18000-6C is developed. The main study issues such as super low power consumption circuit, standard CMOS Schottky Barrier Diode, collusion-proof algorithms and theoretic model of Radio Front-End are introduced. The characters of RFID tags are analyzed. Besides, the framework of the RFID readers is studied in this thesis. Main performance index and development technologies of core modules are investigated.
4. The technology integration of RFID technology and TD-SCDMA communication systems are investigated in this thesis. To study the system terminal, there are two implementable schemes. The first scheme is to integrate low power consumption RFID reader module with existing TD-SCDMA phones and POS terminals so that to realize technology integration of RFID technology and TD-SCDMA communication systems. The second scheme is to utilize the frequency band of TD-SCDMA to develop the TTF RFID tag which can be activated by TD-SCDMA signals and SIM card used in TD-SCDMA phones. In such way, by only switching new SIM card, the phone can communicate with the RFID tags. In this thesis, to implement these two schemes, key techniques of short range terminal fusion technologies and of terminal development are investigated.
5. The common public service platform based on RFID technology and TD-SCDMA networks is studied so that the exchange and sharing of data between dealers, third party logistics, renders and customers can be realized. The business process of household-appliance manufacture is given in this thesis. The basic principle and architecture of common public service is investigated. Based on the study of basic services of RFID common public services such as root parsing service, local parsing service, index service and information service, the workflow process of common public service is summarized. Finally, two application instances such as house-appliance logistic management system and production anti-fake technology are investigated.
The conclusions and directions for future research are discussed in the last chapter of this thesis.
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