基于USB的数据采集系统的研究与设计
摘要
数据采集技术是以传感器、信号测量与处理、微型计算机等技术为基础而形成的一门综合应用技术,主要研究信息数据的采集、存储、处理以及控制等,涉及模拟信号调理、模拟信号数字化、数字信号处理等,具有很强的实用性。USB技术以其支持热插拔和即插即用、占用系统资源少等特点迅速得到了广泛的应用。USB2.0凭借其480Mbps的理论传输速度,更是得到了人们的青睐。
论文基于课题的研究内容,给出了一种用USB2.0总线技术解决数据采集系统接口问题的实施方案。文中首先深入研究了USB的体系结构,然后结合提出的方案,较为全面地介绍了系统的硬件和软件设计。其中硬件部分具体描述了USB2.0控制器CY7C68013和模数转换芯片MAX125的接口设计,同时也给出了各种电源转换的实现方法。在软件部分,通过分析EZ-USB的固件编程框架,阐述了CY7C68013在GPIF工作模式下的波形设计过程及其数据通信流程;驱动程序是系统硬件和客户应用程序之间通信的桥梁,文中介绍了USB的WDM功能驱动程序设计过程;最后,设计了数据采集和保存的应用程序,并对其功能做了解释。
论文所设计的基于USB2.0总线技术的数据采集系统具有14位分辨率,单通道250KHz采样频率和30Mbps传输速率。系统不仅实现了数据的采集、传输和保存数据的功能,并且具有热插拔、即插即用、便携式的特点,达到了预期的效果。
Data acquisition technology is a synthetical application technology based on technologies of sensor, signal measure and disposal and computer, and it studies on data acquisition,memory, disposal and control, etc., it includes analog signals modulation, analog signals digitalization, digital signal processing and so on, so it is greatly useful. USB (Universal Serial Bus) technology is widely used because of the attributes of hot-plug-in, plus-and-play, engrossing less system resource. The USB2.0 has been paid much attention depending on the theory transfer rate of 480Mbps.
Based on the research, the solution to the data acquisition system was put forward with the USB2.0 technology in the paper. With the analysis on the subject, the architecture of the USB was deeply analyzed firstly, and according to the scheme of the data acquisition system, the detailed hardware and software design was introduced. In the hardware section, the interface between the CY7C68013’GPIF (General Programmable Interface) and the A/D converter was introduced, and the various DC-DC circuit were embodied. In the software section, the“wave descriptor”and the whole communication process of CY7C68013 in the GPIF master mode were expounded; and the testing result of the firmware was listed at the end of the firmware part; Function driver is the bridge between hardware and host software, and the design process of the WDM (Windows Driver Mode) driver for the USB was introduced here; Finally the application software used to exhibit the curves and save data was designed, and the functions of the software were also explained.
The data acquisition system based on the USB 2.0 technology has 14-bits resolution, single channel sample rate is 250KHZ, and the transform rate is 30Mbps. The system not only achieves the data acquisition, transforming and memory, but also has the attributes of hot-plug-in, plus-and-play, and man-pack. The expect result is achieved.
论文基于课题的研究内容,给出了一种用USB2.0总线技术解决数据采集系统接口问题的实施方案。文中首先深入研究了USB的体系结构,然后结合提出的方案,较为全面地介绍了系统的硬件和软件设计。其中硬件部分具体描述了USB2.0控制器CY7C68013和模数转换芯片MAX125的接口设计,同时也给出了各种电源转换的实现方法。在软件部分,通过分析EZ-USB的固件编程框架,阐述了CY7C68013在GPIF工作模式下的波形设计过程及其数据通信流程;驱动程序是系统硬件和客户应用程序之间通信的桥梁,文中介绍了USB的WDM功能驱动程序设计过程;最后,设计了数据采集和保存的应用程序,并对其功能做了解释。
论文所设计的基于USB2.0总线技术的数据采集系统具有14位分辨率,单通道250KHz采样频率和30Mbps传输速率。系统不仅实现了数据的采集、传输和保存数据的功能,并且具有热插拔、即插即用、便携式的特点,达到了预期的效果。
Data acquisition technology is a synthetical application technology based on technologies of sensor, signal measure and disposal and computer, and it studies on data acquisition,memory, disposal and control, etc., it includes analog signals modulation, analog signals digitalization, digital signal processing and so on, so it is greatly useful. USB (Universal Serial Bus) technology is widely used because of the attributes of hot-plug-in, plus-and-play, engrossing less system resource. The USB2.0 has been paid much attention depending on the theory transfer rate of 480Mbps.
Based on the research, the solution to the data acquisition system was put forward with the USB2.0 technology in the paper. With the analysis on the subject, the architecture of the USB was deeply analyzed firstly, and according to the scheme of the data acquisition system, the detailed hardware and software design was introduced. In the hardware section, the interface between the CY7C68013’GPIF (General Programmable Interface) and the A/D converter was introduced, and the various DC-DC circuit were embodied. In the software section, the“wave descriptor”and the whole communication process of CY7C68013 in the GPIF master mode were expounded; and the testing result of the firmware was listed at the end of the firmware part; Function driver is the bridge between hardware and host software, and the design process of the WDM (Windows Driver Mode) driver for the USB was introduced here; Finally the application software used to exhibit the curves and save data was designed, and the functions of the software were also explained.
The data acquisition system based on the USB 2.0 technology has 14-bits resolution, single channel sample rate is 250KHZ, and the transform rate is 30Mbps. The system not only achieves the data acquisition, transforming and memory, but also has the attributes of hot-plug-in, plus-and-play, and man-pack. The expect result is achieved.
引文
[1] 赵培华,冯永祥,USB-RS485 模式在地震数据采集系统中应用,电脑开发与应用,2003,16 (9):21-25
[2] 张念淮,江浩,USB 总线接开发指南,北京,国防工业出版社(第一版),2001.3-8
[3] 许永和等,EZ-USB FX 系列单片机 USB 外围设备设计与应用(第一版),北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2002.3-5
[4] 颜荣江等,EZ-USB 2100 系列单片机原理编程及应用(第一版),北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2002 .1-4
[5] On-The-Go Supplement to the USB2.0 Specification,Revision 1.0,www.usb.org,Dec 18,2001.1-5
[6] Kosta Koeman,Understanding USB On-The-Go,www.ednmag.com,2004.2-10
[7] 马伟,邵贝贝,On-The-Go 开辟 USB 应用的新篇章,电子产品世界,2002 年,(6)A 版:68-39
[8] Don Aderson 著,USB 大全,陈逸等译,电力出版社,2001 年(第一版)
[9] Cypress Semiconductor Corporation,www.cypress.com,2006
[10] Compaq,Intel,Microsoft,NEC,NEC,Universal Serial Bus Specification Revision 1.1,www.usb.org,1998
[11] 尹罗生,吉吟东,孙新亚,等,一种 USB 外设的实现方法,计算机工程,2002 年, 28 (7):2007-2009
[12] 陈启美,丁传锁,计算机 USB 接口技术,南京:南京大学出版社,2003
[13] Koninklijke Philips Electronics,ISP1581 Hi-Speed Universal Serial Bus interface device,Printed in The Netherlands,2005.1-7
[14] Cypress Semiconductor Corporation , CY7C68013 EZ-USB FX2TM USB Microcontroller ,www.cypress.com,2004.6-23
[15] Cypress Semiconductor Corporation , EZ-USB FX2 Technical Reference Manual(Version 2.1), www.cypress.com,2005
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[17] 杨志亮,Protel 99SE 电路原理图设计技术,西安,西北工业大学出版社,2002
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[21] 王成儒,李英伟,USB2.0 原理与工程开发,北京,国防工业出版社,2004.146-169
[22] 马伟,计算机 USB 系统原理及其主/从及设计,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2004 年 1 月
[23] 尹勇,王洪成.单片机开发环境 μVision2 使用指南及 USB 固件编程与调试[M].北京:科学出版社,2005. 1-200
[24] 尹勇,李宇.μVision2 单片机应用程序开发指南[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.37-240
[25] 李宏凯,基于 USB2.0 数据采集系统的实现,南京航空航天大学第七届研究生学术会议,2005
[26] Cypress Semiconductor Corporation,EZ-USB?FX2?GPIF Primer,www.cypress.com,2006
[27] Chris Cant,Windows WDM 设备驱动程序开发指南(孙义,马莉波,国雪飞译),北京,机械工业出版社,2000
[28] 赵娟,仲顺安,郭磊.基于 WDM 的 USB 驱动程序设计[J],军民两用技术与产品,2005(4):P40~P42
[29] 武安河,邰铭,于洪涛.Windows 2000/XP WDM 设备驱动程序开发[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.46-350
[30] Microsoft Corporation , The Microsoft Windows 2000 Driver Development Kit (DDK) ,www.microsoft.com,2005
[31] Walter Oney,Programming the Microsoft Windows Driver Model,America, Microsoft Press,2004
[32] Nikolai Teofilov,2D GraphActiveX Control,www.codeproject.com/miscctrl/ntgraph _activex.asp
[33] 徐磊,路宇英,陈建华等,基于 USB 块传输方式的实时数据采集[J],测控技术,2005,(02)
[34] 郑人杰,软件工程(中级),北京,清华大学出版社,1999
[35] Angela B.Shiflet,Paul A.Nagin,John S.Hinkel,C++程序设计(夏兆彦,孙岩译),北京,清华大学出版社,2004
[36] 黄考利,连光耀,高凤歧等,基于 USB2.0 接口的数字电路测试仪设计与实现[J],仪表技术,2006,(04)
[37] 陈俊,李治,用 VC++编写 USB 接口通信程序[J],实践与经验,2003,(06)
[38] 莫林利,赵秀绍,用 VC++实现与 USB 驱动程序的通信[J],电脑编程技巧与维护,2003,(01)
[39] 求实科技,王超龙,陈志华,Visual C++ 6.0 入门与提高,北京,人民邮电出版社,2002
[40] 孙雄勇.Visual C++6.0 入门与提高实用教程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2003
[2] 张念淮,江浩,USB 总线接开发指南,北京,国防工业出版社(第一版),2001.3-8
[3] 许永和等,EZ-USB FX 系列单片机 USB 外围设备设计与应用(第一版),北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2002.3-5
[4] 颜荣江等,EZ-USB 2100 系列单片机原理编程及应用(第一版),北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2002 .1-4
[5] On-The-Go Supplement to the USB2.0 Specification,Revision 1.0,www.usb.org,Dec 18,2001.1-5
[6] Kosta Koeman,Understanding USB On-The-Go,www.ednmag.com,2004.2-10
[7] 马伟,邵贝贝,On-The-Go 开辟 USB 应用的新篇章,电子产品世界,2002 年,(6)A 版:68-39
[8] Don Aderson 著,USB 大全,陈逸等译,电力出版社,2001 年(第一版)
[9] Cypress Semiconductor Corporation,www.cypress.com,2006
[10] Compaq,Intel,Microsoft,NEC,NEC,Universal Serial Bus Specification Revision 1.1,www.usb.org,1998
[11] 尹罗生,吉吟东,孙新亚,等,一种 USB 外设的实现方法,计算机工程,2002 年, 28 (7):2007-2009
[12] 陈启美,丁传锁,计算机 USB 接口技术,南京:南京大学出版社,2003
[13] Koninklijke Philips Electronics,ISP1581 Hi-Speed Universal Serial Bus interface device,Printed in The Netherlands,2005.1-7
[14] Cypress Semiconductor Corporation , CY7C68013 EZ-USB FX2TM USB Microcontroller ,www.cypress.com,2004.6-23
[15] Cypress Semiconductor Corporation , EZ-USB FX2 Technical Reference Manual(Version 2.1), www.cypress.com,2005
[16] 许永和.EZ-USB FX 系列单片机 USB 外围设备设计与应用[M].北京:航天航空大学出版社,2002. 1-87
[17] 杨志亮,Protel 99SE 电路原理图设计技术,西安,西北工业大学出版社,2002
[18] 谢淑如,郑光钦,杨渝生,Protel PCB 99 SE 电路板设计,北京,清华大学出版社,2001
[19] 黄娟,朱红,混合电路的 PCB 设计,电子元件与材料,2004 年,23(1):39-44
[20] 范风强,兰婵丽.单片机语言 C51 应用实战集锦[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005
[21] 王成儒,李英伟,USB2.0 原理与工程开发,北京,国防工业出版社,2004.146-169
[22] 马伟,计算机 USB 系统原理及其主/从及设计,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2004 年 1 月
[23] 尹勇,王洪成.单片机开发环境 μVision2 使用指南及 USB 固件编程与调试[M].北京:科学出版社,2005. 1-200
[24] 尹勇,李宇.μVision2 单片机应用程序开发指南[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.37-240
[25] 李宏凯,基于 USB2.0 数据采集系统的实现,南京航空航天大学第七届研究生学术会议,2005
[26] Cypress Semiconductor Corporation,EZ-USB?FX2?GPIF Primer,www.cypress.com,2006
[27] Chris Cant,Windows WDM 设备驱动程序开发指南(孙义,马莉波,国雪飞译),北京,机械工业出版社,2000
[28] 赵娟,仲顺安,郭磊.基于 WDM 的 USB 驱动程序设计[J],军民两用技术与产品,2005(4):P40~P42
[29] 武安河,邰铭,于洪涛.Windows 2000/XP WDM 设备驱动程序开发[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.46-350
[30] Microsoft Corporation , The Microsoft Windows 2000 Driver Development Kit (DDK) ,www.microsoft.com,2005
[31] Walter Oney,Programming the Microsoft Windows Driver Model,America, Microsoft Press,2004
[32] Nikolai Teofilov,2D GraphActiveX Control,www.codeproject.com/miscctrl/ntgraph _activex.asp
[33] 徐磊,路宇英,陈建华等,基于 USB 块传输方式的实时数据采集[J],测控技术,2005,(02)
[34] 郑人杰,软件工程(中级),北京,清华大学出版社,1999
[35] Angela B.Shiflet,Paul A.Nagin,John S.Hinkel,C++程序设计(夏兆彦,孙岩译),北京,清华大学出版社,2004
[36] 黄考利,连光耀,高凤歧等,基于 USB2.0 接口的数字电路测试仪设计与实现[J],仪表技术,2006,(04)
[37] 陈俊,李治,用 VC++编写 USB 接口通信程序[J],实践与经验,2003,(06)
[38] 莫林利,赵秀绍,用 VC++实现与 USB 驱动程序的通信[J],电脑编程技巧与维护,2003,(01)
[39] 求实科技,王超龙,陈志华,Visual C++ 6.0 入门与提高,北京,人民邮电出版社,2002
[40] 孙雄勇.Visual C++6.0 入门与提高实用教程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2003