受电弓滑板磨耗检测系统的上位机软件设计及其误差处理
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摘要
高速机车是通过受电弓从接触网上取得电能的,受电弓与接触导线的稳定接触是列车良好受流的重要条件。然而,随着列车速度的提高,弓网间接触力会发生变化,系统会产生自激振动,振动幅度过大会造成受电弓滑板与接触网导线分离,出现离线现象。离线对电力机车牵引供电是非常有害的,不仅会引起机车受流不良,造成机车运行不稳定,加速接触网和受电弓滑板的磨耗。所以了解受电弓滑板表面的磨耗情况对电力机车正常受流是非常有必要的,以便对受电弓进行及时的维修及更换。本系统在综合了目前行业中已有受电弓磨耗检测方法的基础上,利用超声波传感器信息处理简单、价格低廉、硬件容易实现、测距准确等优点,设计了一种以超声波传感器作为检测元件的新型的受电弓磨耗检测系统。本文的主要工作是设计出该检测系统的上位机软件并对检测到的数据进行误差分析。
上位机用Access数据库保存数据和以VC++6.0作为编译环境编写人机界面,基于MFC技术,采用面向对象的方法。根据超声波传感器检测受电弓滑板磨耗系统的特点将上位机界面分为滑板图形显示和滑板磨耗曲线图的显示、数据库的显示、图形变换按键显示、串口状态显示、车速显示等不同的功能模块。通过MSCOMM串口程序读取下位机测距情况,对检测到的数据进行误差的评估和处理并将其保存在界面的数据表单中。在OpenGL窗口中根据保存的数据绘制受电弓的磨耗曲线图并且进行图像处理。通过实验可知上位机软件具备了在线、多点、分时检测,人机界面友好。
High-speed locomotive get electric power from power supply web through pantograph, and stable contact between slide and wire is an important condition for electric locomotive collecting energy. However, with the enhancement of train's speed, contact force between slide and wire will change to make the system produce surge vibration by oneself that can lead to slide and wire apart because of high vibration amplitude. Offline for locomotive traction power supply is very harmful, this can cause adverse of locomotive getting electric power,leading to instability of locomotive running and accelerating abrasion between slide and wire. So understanding the surface of pantograph splide plate abrasion is necessary for the electric locomotive in order to maintenance and replacement timely. This system based on methods with existing abrasion detection designs a new detection system of pantograph slide plate's abrasion by utilizing ultrasonic sensors as detecting elements, for it is simple for processing information,low cost,easy to realize hardware and accurate of the measurements.
Upper-computer software used Access database to store the data, provided vc++6.0 with programming environment to write human-machine interface and employed object-oriented methods, which based on MFC technique. According to the character of ultrasonic sensor detection system for the abrasion of pantograph splide plate, PC interface are divided into different modules such as pantograph splide plate graphic display and abrasion graphical displays for pantograph splide plate, the show for database, the show for the buttons of image transformation, the show for the condition of the serial port and vehicle speed. Detector datas that get through MSCOMM serial program will be evaluated, processed and stored in the database. The abrasion graph of pantograph splide plate will be drawed according to the datas that kept into database and transformed under the OpenGL window. The experiment indicated that the PC software achieved online, multi-point and time-sharing detection, friendly interface.
上位机用Access数据库保存数据和以VC++6.0作为编译环境编写人机界面,基于MFC技术,采用面向对象的方法。根据超声波传感器检测受电弓滑板磨耗系统的特点将上位机界面分为滑板图形显示和滑板磨耗曲线图的显示、数据库的显示、图形变换按键显示、串口状态显示、车速显示等不同的功能模块。通过MSCOMM串口程序读取下位机测距情况,对检测到的数据进行误差的评估和处理并将其保存在界面的数据表单中。在OpenGL窗口中根据保存的数据绘制受电弓的磨耗曲线图并且进行图像处理。通过实验可知上位机软件具备了在线、多点、分时检测,人机界面友好。
High-speed locomotive get electric power from power supply web through pantograph, and stable contact between slide and wire is an important condition for electric locomotive collecting energy. However, with the enhancement of train's speed, contact force between slide and wire will change to make the system produce surge vibration by oneself that can lead to slide and wire apart because of high vibration amplitude. Offline for locomotive traction power supply is very harmful, this can cause adverse of locomotive getting electric power,leading to instability of locomotive running and accelerating abrasion between slide and wire. So understanding the surface of pantograph splide plate abrasion is necessary for the electric locomotive in order to maintenance and replacement timely. This system based on methods with existing abrasion detection designs a new detection system of pantograph slide plate's abrasion by utilizing ultrasonic sensors as detecting elements, for it is simple for processing information,low cost,easy to realize hardware and accurate of the measurements.
Upper-computer software used Access database to store the data, provided vc++6.0 with programming environment to write human-machine interface and employed object-oriented methods, which based on MFC technique. According to the character of ultrasonic sensor detection system for the abrasion of pantograph splide plate, PC interface are divided into different modules such as pantograph splide plate graphic display and abrasion graphical displays for pantograph splide plate, the show for database, the show for the buttons of image transformation, the show for the condition of the serial port and vehicle speed. Detector datas that get through MSCOMM serial program will be evaluated, processed and stored in the database. The abrasion graph of pantograph splide plate will be drawed according to the datas that kept into database and transformed under the OpenGL window. The experiment indicated that the PC software achieved online, multi-point and time-sharing detection, friendly interface.
引文
[1]郭世明.动车组检测与故障诊断技术[M].成都：西南交通大学出版社,2008.
[2]尹保来,王伯铭.基于超声波的受电弓滑板磨耗检测系统设计[D].成都：西南交通大学机械工程学院,2009.
[3]黄艳红,高晓蓉.受电弓滑板磨耗现场检测技术[J].铁道技术监督.2008,36(8).
[4]唐春蓬,王伯铭.基于超声波的受电弓滑板磨耗测量实验装置研究[D].成都：西南交通大学机械工程学院,2007：3.
[5](日)SUMUMU KIMURA受电弓滑板磨耗自动监测装置的开发[J].电气化铁道,1995(1).
[6]崔占涛.受电弓滑板外部状态图像检测[D].西南交通大学,2005.
[7]于万聚.高速电气化铁路接触网[M].成都：西南交通大学出版社,2003.
[8]孙串友,孙晓斌.感测技术基础[M].电子工业出版社,2001.
[9]何希才.传感器及其应用电路[M].电子工业出版社,2001.
[10]赵广涛,程荫杭.基于超声波传感器的测距系统设计[J].微计算机信息,2006(1).
[11]孙鑫,余安萍.Visual C++深入详解[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2006.
[12]何万青,余岳峰,张银桥等.基于图像处理和数字视频技术的锅炉多路火焰检测系统[J].热力发电,2003,3：45-48.
[13]杜宏璐.基于VC++的图像火焰检测系统上位机软件设计与实现[D].南昌：南昌大学,2007：6-48.
[14]C.Muller,E.H.Magill,D.G.Smirh.Multi-thread interfaee for teleeolnmtlnications applications.Software Engineering for Telecommunieation Systemsand Serviees,1992,144-148.
[15]ShuoWang,JianglingZhang,DanFeng.Multi-thread I0 in high quality digital broadeasting system.ComPuter Network sand Mobile ComPuting,2003,10:442-445.
[16]刘晋.完善机电一体化系统-上位机人机界面的编制[J].制造技术与机床,2002(11).
[17]刘瑰,朱鸿宇.OpenGL三维图形在Visual C++中的实现[J].电脑编程技巧与维护,1998(12)：53-54.
[18](美)Richard S.Wright,Jr.Benjamin Lipchak.OpenGL宝典[M].徐波译.北京：人民邮电出版社,2005.
[19]金花,胡荣强,程永谊.用MFC ODBC技术实现对Access数据库的操作[J].计算机与信息技术,2004.
[20]钱能.C++程序设计教程[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2002
[21]李博轩.Visual C++6.0数据库开发指南[M].清华大学出版社,2000.
[22]祝敏.超声波测距误差分析及修正方法[J].计量与测试技术,2009,36(2)：21-22
[23]李茂山.超声波测距原理及实践技术[J].实用测试技术,1994(1)：12-20.
[24]中国机械工程学会无损检测会.超声波检测(第二版)[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2000.
[25]费业泰.误差理论与误差处理(第五版)[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2004.
[26]张嫌铃,胡建凯.超声波检测原理和方法[M].合肥：中国科技大学出版社,2003.
[27]罗小燕,谭后初.超声波测距系统中抗干扰措施的研究[J].江西理工大学学报,2006,27(6).
[28]刘淼.基于DS18B20温度控制器设计[J].西安外事学院学报,2008,4(4).
[29]王珂,俞国华,刘钢海.超声波测距回波信号处理方法的研究[J].测控技术,2008，27(1).
[30]赵负图.传感器集成电路手册[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2002,324.
[31]苏炜,龚壁建,潘笑.超声波测距误差分析[J].传感器技术,2004,23(6).
[32]徐跃良.数值分析[M].西南交通大学出版社,2005.
[33]王卉琴,刘目楼.数值分析[M].冶金工业出版社,2004.
[34]潘崇.插值在医学图像三维重建中的应用[J].重庆科技学院学报,2008,10(5).
[35]尚游,陈岩涛.OpenGL图形程序设计指南[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2001.
[36]WooMason,吴斌.OpenGL编程权威指南(第三版)[M].北京：中国电力出版社,2001.
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[39](美).Edward Angel.OpenGL编程基础(第三版)[M].段菲译.北京：清华大学出版社,2008.
[40]汤彬,伍建青.基于OpenGL实现曲线、曲面的绘制[J].上海工程技术大学学报,2004,18(3).
[41]朱心雄.自由曲线曲面造型技术[M].北京：科学出版社,2006.
[42]杨淑莹..VC++图像处理程序设计[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2005.
[43]周长发.精通Visual C++图像处理编程[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2006.
[44]李志华,徐静,张庆顺.利用OpenGL实现屏幕坐标与世界坐标的相互转换[J].河北工程大学学报,2005,22(3).
[45]http://zone.emsky.net/?uid-200-action-viewspace-itemid-48.
[46]WrightRichard S,SweetMichael.OpenGL超级宝典(第二版)[M].北京：中国邮电出版社,2001.
[47]Engene Olafsen,Ken Scribner,K.David White. MFC Visuale++6.0编程技术内幕(第二版)[M].王建华,陈一飞,张焕生等译.北京：机械工业出版社,2000.
[48]DavidJ.Kruglinski,seot Wingo,George Shepherd. VisuaIC++6.0技术内幕(第五版)[M].北京希望电子出版社,2002.
[49]Marshall Brain,Lance loverte.MFC开发人员指南[M].译星翻译组译.北京：机械工业出版社,2000.
[50](美).Waller Savitch.C++面向对象程序设计.北京：清华大学出版社,2003.
[51](美).John E.Swanke. VisuaIC++MFC编程实例[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2000.
[52]M.K.Brown; Feature Extraction Techniques for Recobnizing Solid Objects with an Ultrasonic Rang Sensor.IEEE J.Robot Autom, Vol.RA-1,Dec 1985.
[53]C.Kuratli, Q.Huang.Circuit and System Ultrasound Technology Range Finder System.IEEE Design of Silicon-based Miniaturized Instrumentation and Measurement Conference,May 1998.
[54](日)受电弓自动监视装置.国外机车车辆工艺.1999(1).
[2]尹保来,王伯铭.基于超声波的受电弓滑板磨耗检测系统设计[D].成都：西南交通大学机械工程学院,2009.
[3]黄艳红,高晓蓉.受电弓滑板磨耗现场检测技术[J].铁道技术监督.2008,36(8).
[4]唐春蓬,王伯铭.基于超声波的受电弓滑板磨耗测量实验装置研究[D].成都：西南交通大学机械工程学院,2007：3.
[5](日)SUMUMU KIMURA受电弓滑板磨耗自动监测装置的开发[J].电气化铁道,1995(1).
[6]崔占涛.受电弓滑板外部状态图像检测[D].西南交通大学,2005.
[7]于万聚.高速电气化铁路接触网[M].成都：西南交通大学出版社,2003.
[8]孙串友,孙晓斌.感测技术基础[M].电子工业出版社,2001.
[9]何希才.传感器及其应用电路[M].电子工业出版社,2001.
[10]赵广涛,程荫杭.基于超声波传感器的测距系统设计[J].微计算机信息,2006(1).
[11]孙鑫,余安萍.Visual C++深入详解[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2006.
[12]何万青,余岳峰,张银桥等.基于图像处理和数字视频技术的锅炉多路火焰检测系统[J].热力发电,2003,3：45-48.
[13]杜宏璐.基于VC++的图像火焰检测系统上位机软件设计与实现[D].南昌：南昌大学,2007：6-48.
[14]C.Muller,E.H.Magill,D.G.Smirh.Multi-thread interfaee for teleeolnmtlnications applications.Software Engineering for Telecommunieation Systemsand Serviees,1992,144-148.
[15]ShuoWang,JianglingZhang,DanFeng.Multi-thread I0 in high quality digital broadeasting system.ComPuter Network sand Mobile ComPuting,2003,10:442-445.
[16]刘晋.完善机电一体化系统-上位机人机界面的编制[J].制造技术与机床,2002(11).
[17]刘瑰,朱鸿宇.OpenGL三维图形在Visual C++中的实现[J].电脑编程技巧与维护,1998(12)：53-54.
[18](美)Richard S.Wright,Jr.Benjamin Lipchak.OpenGL宝典[M].徐波译.北京：人民邮电出版社,2005.
[19]金花,胡荣强,程永谊.用MFC ODBC技术实现对Access数据库的操作[J].计算机与信息技术,2004.
[20]钱能.C++程序设计教程[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2002
[21]李博轩.Visual C++6.0数据库开发指南[M].清华大学出版社,2000.
[22]祝敏.超声波测距误差分析及修正方法[J].计量与测试技术,2009,36(2)：21-22
[23]李茂山.超声波测距原理及实践技术[J].实用测试技术,1994(1)：12-20.
[24]中国机械工程学会无损检测会.超声波检测(第二版)[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2000.
[25]费业泰.误差理论与误差处理(第五版)[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2004.
[26]张嫌铃,胡建凯.超声波检测原理和方法[M].合肥：中国科技大学出版社,2003.
[27]罗小燕,谭后初.超声波测距系统中抗干扰措施的研究[J].江西理工大学学报,2006,27(6).
[28]刘淼.基于DS18B20温度控制器设计[J].西安外事学院学报,2008,4(4).
[29]王珂,俞国华,刘钢海.超声波测距回波信号处理方法的研究[J].测控技术,2008，27(1).
[30]赵负图.传感器集成电路手册[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2002,324.
[31]苏炜,龚壁建,潘笑.超声波测距误差分析[J].传感器技术,2004,23(6).
[32]徐跃良.数值分析[M].西南交通大学出版社,2005.
[33]王卉琴,刘目楼.数值分析[M].冶金工业出版社,2004.
[34]潘崇.插值在医学图像三维重建中的应用[J].重庆科技学院学报,2008,10(5).
[35]尚游,陈岩涛.OpenGL图形程序设计指南[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2001.
[36]WooMason,吴斌.OpenGL编程权威指南(第三版)[M].北京：中国电力出版社,2001.
[37]Woo M,Neider J,Davis T,et al.OpenGL编程权威指南[M].北京：中国电力出版社,2000.
[38]http://www.knowsky.com/394705.html.
[39](美).Edward Angel.OpenGL编程基础(第三版)[M].段菲译.北京：清华大学出版社,2008.
[40]汤彬,伍建青.基于OpenGL实现曲线、曲面的绘制[J].上海工程技术大学学报,2004,18(3).
[41]朱心雄.自由曲线曲面造型技术[M].北京：科学出版社,2006.
[42]杨淑莹..VC++图像处理程序设计[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2005.
[43]周长发.精通Visual C++图像处理编程[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2006.
[44]李志华,徐静,张庆顺.利用OpenGL实现屏幕坐标与世界坐标的相互转换[J].河北工程大学学报,2005,22(3).
[45]http://zone.emsky.net/?uid-200-action-viewspace-itemid-48.
[46]WrightRichard S,SweetMichael.OpenGL超级宝典(第二版)[M].北京：中国邮电出版社,2001.
[47]Engene Olafsen,Ken Scribner,K.David White. MFC Visuale++6.0编程技术内幕(第二版)[M].王建华,陈一飞,张焕生等译.北京：机械工业出版社,2000.
[48]DavidJ.Kruglinski,seot Wingo,George Shepherd. VisuaIC++6.0技术内幕(第五版)[M].北京希望电子出版社,2002.
[49]Marshall Brain,Lance loverte.MFC开发人员指南[M].译星翻译组译.北京：机械工业出版社,2000.
[50](美).Waller Savitch.C++面向对象程序设计.北京：清华大学出版社,2003.
[51](美).John E.Swanke. VisuaIC++MFC编程实例[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2000.
[52]M.K.Brown; Feature Extraction Techniques for Recobnizing Solid Objects with an Ultrasonic Rang Sensor.IEEE J.Robot Autom, Vol.RA-1,Dec 1985.
[53]C.Kuratli, Q.Huang.Circuit and System Ultrasound Technology Range Finder System.IEEE Design of Silicon-based Miniaturized Instrumentation and Measurement Conference,May 1998.
[54](日)受电弓自动监视装置.国外机车车辆工艺.1999(1).