培养方法与非培养方法对人参根内生细菌的研究
|
摘要
本文以人参(Panax ginseng C．A．Mey．)为研究材料，采用构建16S rDNA克隆文库与扩增rDNA限制性分析(ADRDA)的非培养方法，并结合传统的分离培养方法研究了人参根内生细菌的群落多样性。比较了同一类型人参在不同生长时期和不同种植地区的根内生细菌群落多样性差异，并获得了人参根内生细菌的新菌种资源。
选用我国人参原产地吉林省抚松县及其种植在北京中国医学科学院药用植物研究所三年生的人参根为材料，经严格表面灭菌，以CTAB法提取植物基因组DNA，采用799f和1492r引物扩增细菌16S rDNA片段，构建了人参根内生细菌16S rDNA克隆文库。药植所样品构建的文库得到有效阳性克隆274个，经ARDRA分型，得到35个操作分类单元(OTU)。经16S rDNA片段测序，有103个克隆属于a-Proteobacteria，占总克隆数的37.59％，归属10个OTUs；140个克隆属于γ-Proteobacteria，占总克隆数的51.09％，归属于13个OTUs，这两个类群属于该克隆文库的优势种群。抚松样品所构建的内生细菌16S rDNA克隆文库中，共得到阳性克隆286个，经ARDRA分型及16S rDNA片段测序比对后发现，有130个克隆归属于47个OTUs。在这些OTUs中有包括10个OTUs在内的43个克隆与未培养(uncultured)细菌具有较高的同源性；37个克隆为CFB(Cytophaga／Flexibacter／Bacteroides)类群，归属于14个OTUs，为该文库优势种群；有19个OTUs(含35个克隆)为Proteobacteria，分属于α-Proteobacteria，β-Proteobacteria和γ-Proteobacteria三个类群，且在这三个类群中的分布也比较均一。此外还发现147个克隆同人参叶绿体16S rDNA具极高的同源性，1个克隆同植物线粒体18S rDNA有较高同源性，还有8个克隆为嵌合序列。在该克隆文库中还发现了3个OTUs共14个克隆的衣原体序列。
以不同生长时期、不同种植地点的人参根为材料，应用LB和D(?)berener无氮培养基分别进行了内生细菌的分离。在2005年药植所的样品中，用LB培养基分离到的内生细菌大部分为芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)，其中有2株菌已鉴定为潜在的新种，用D(?)berener无氮培养基分离到的内生细菌则主要是假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp．)；而在2006年的样品中，用LB培养基和D(?)berener无氮培养基分离到的内生细菌主要为假单胞菌(Pseudomonassp．)，其次是贪噬菌(Variovorax sp．)。在2005年抚松的样品中，从LB培养基上分离到的
主要为贪噬菌(Variovorax)、赖氏菌(Leifsonia)和分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium)，在D(?)berener无氮培养基上分离到的主要是贪噬菌(Variovorax)和土壤杆菌(Agrobacterium)。
对分自药植所人参根的两株细菌ge10和ge14做了多相分类鉴定，结果表明这两株为芽孢杆菌属中潜在的两个新种；对分自抚松样品中的一株新菌wged11进行了多相分类研究，结果表明该菌株含较高的环己基脂肪酸，为Leifsonia属的一个新种，定名为Leifsonia ginsengi。
对分自药植所的7株内生细菌(ge05、ge10、ge12、ge14、ge18、ge21和ge24)做了体外拮抗植物病原真菌的初步研究，结果表明有两株芽孢杆菌属的菌株(ge10和ge14)对引起人参锈腐病的病原菌(Cylindrocarpon destructans)具有较强的拮抗作用，1株类芽孢菌属(Paenibacillus)的菌株(ge21)对引起人参立枯病、人参疫病及水稻稻瘟病的病原菌(Rhizoctonia solani、Phytophthora cactorum、Pyricularia oryzae)均有一定的拮抗作用。
本论文研究结果表明，与传统的分离培养方法相比，非培养方法能够更客观地反映植物内生细菌的多样性，但实验易受植物总DNA提取质量、细胞器DNA及PCR反应条件等的影响；从非培养方法的研究结果也证实，生活在不同地理环境下的同一种植物，其内生细菌的群落结构有较大差异，并表明在人参根内存在潜在的新菌种资源。培养方法研究结果表明，假单胞菌和贪噬菌为人参根内生优势种群。用多相分类法已鉴定有三一株细菌wged11、ge10、ge14分别与已报道的Leifsonia及Bacillus在种的水平上有差异。
The community diversity of endophytic bacteria (CDEB) in Panax ginseng root was investigated by using culture-independent and culture-dependent approaches. The differences of CDEB for one congeneric ginseng root sampled from two regions and different growth stages were compared with constructions of 16S rDNA clone library and amplified DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA). Some novel bacterial species inhabiting the interior of ginseng roots were isolated and identified.
Congeneric ginseng roots that have grown for 3 years were sampled from Fusong County in Jilin Province (FS), the original habitat, and from Institute of Medicinal Plant Department (IMPD) of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences which lies in Beijing. Samples were strictly surface-sterilized followed by CTAB DNA Extraction Protocol to obtain their genome DNA respectively. To construct 16S rDNA clone libraries, primers 799f and 1492r were selected to amplify 16S rDNA segments. Thirty five OTUs, including 274 positive clones, were assigned according to their band pattern similarity in IMPD clone library. The representatives of each OTU were sequenced. The results showed that γ-Proteobacteria was the most dominant group (13 OTUs, 51.09% of the total clones), followed by α-Proteobacteria (10 OTUs, 37.59% of the total clones). A total of 286 positive clones were obtained in FS clone library, in which 130 clones were assigned to 47 OTUs according to ARDRA patterns. 10 (43 clones) out of 47 OTUs had most identity with uncultured bacteria, and 14 OTUs (37 clones) had identity with CFB (Flexibacter/Cytophaga/Bacteroides). CFB group was the most dominant group in the known species. Proteobacteria (19 OTUs, 35 clones) were only accounted for 26.9% and classified into α-, β-, and γ proteobacteria. In FS libray, 147 clones were highly homologous to chloroplast small sub-unit 16S rDNA and 1 clone was homologous to mitochondrion small sub-unit 18S rDNA. 8 chimeric DNA sequences were checked in this library and 3 OTUs (14clones) belonged to chlamydiae.
Congeneric ginseng samples from different regions, different growth stages, and different culture media were used to isolate endophytic bacteria from ginseng roots. Most of Bacillus were isolated from IMPD samples on LB medium in 2005. Four of them had potential as new bacteria species. However, plenty of pseudomonas were isolated from free-nitrogen Doberener medium from the same samples. Pseudomonas spp. and Variovorax spp. as the dominant
species were isolated on both LB medium and free-nitrogen Doberener medium from IMPD samples in 2006. Variovorax, Leifsonia and Mycobacterium from FS samples were isolated on LB medium and Variovorax spp. and Agrobacterium spp. were isolated on free-nitrogen Doberener medium in 2005.
Two strains (strains ge10 and ge14) isolated on LB medium from IMPD samples were studied according to a polyphasic approach. The results showed that they were novel and different species subject to the genus Bacillus. One strain (stain wged11) isolated on free-nitrogen Doberener medium from FS samples was also explored according to a polyphasic approach. The data indicated that wged11 containing the unusual ω-Cyclohexylundecanoic acid was a novel species of the genus Leifsonia.
In this study the antagonistic activities of 7 endophytic bacterial strains (ge05、 ge10、 ge12、 ge14、 ge18、 ge21and ge24) from IMPD on PDA media were assayed. The results showed that two Bacillus strains (ge10 and ge14) were antagonistic to Cylindrocarpon destructans. Paenibacillus strain (ge21) was antagonistic to Rhizoctonia solani, Phytophthora cactorum and Pyricularia oryzae.
Three endophytic bacterial strains (wged11, ge10, ge14) from ginseng roots had been identified as potential novel specieses.
选用我国人参原产地吉林省抚松县及其种植在北京中国医学科学院药用植物研究所三年生的人参根为材料，经严格表面灭菌，以CTAB法提取植物基因组DNA，采用799f和1492r引物扩增细菌16S rDNA片段，构建了人参根内生细菌16S rDNA克隆文库。药植所样品构建的文库得到有效阳性克隆274个，经ARDRA分型，得到35个操作分类单元(OTU)。经16S rDNA片段测序，有103个克隆属于a-Proteobacteria，占总克隆数的37.59％，归属10个OTUs；140个克隆属于γ-Proteobacteria，占总克隆数的51.09％，归属于13个OTUs，这两个类群属于该克隆文库的优势种群。抚松样品所构建的内生细菌16S rDNA克隆文库中，共得到阳性克隆286个，经ARDRA分型及16S rDNA片段测序比对后发现，有130个克隆归属于47个OTUs。在这些OTUs中有包括10个OTUs在内的43个克隆与未培养(uncultured)细菌具有较高的同源性；37个克隆为CFB(Cytophaga／Flexibacter／Bacteroides)类群，归属于14个OTUs，为该文库优势种群；有19个OTUs(含35个克隆)为Proteobacteria，分属于α-Proteobacteria，β-Proteobacteria和γ-Proteobacteria三个类群，且在这三个类群中的分布也比较均一。此外还发现147个克隆同人参叶绿体16S rDNA具极高的同源性，1个克隆同植物线粒体18S rDNA有较高同源性，还有8个克隆为嵌合序列。在该克隆文库中还发现了3个OTUs共14个克隆的衣原体序列。
以不同生长时期、不同种植地点的人参根为材料，应用LB和D(?)berener无氮培养基分别进行了内生细菌的分离。在2005年药植所的样品中，用LB培养基分离到的内生细菌大部分为芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)，其中有2株菌已鉴定为潜在的新种，用D(?)berener无氮培养基分离到的内生细菌则主要是假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp．)；而在2006年的样品中，用LB培养基和D(?)berener无氮培养基分离到的内生细菌主要为假单胞菌(Pseudomonassp．)，其次是贪噬菌(Variovorax sp．)。在2005年抚松的样品中，从LB培养基上分离到的
主要为贪噬菌(Variovorax)、赖氏菌(Leifsonia)和分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium)，在D(?)berener无氮培养基上分离到的主要是贪噬菌(Variovorax)和土壤杆菌(Agrobacterium)。
对分自药植所人参根的两株细菌ge10和ge14做了多相分类鉴定，结果表明这两株为芽孢杆菌属中潜在的两个新种；对分自抚松样品中的一株新菌wged11进行了多相分类研究，结果表明该菌株含较高的环己基脂肪酸，为Leifsonia属的一个新种，定名为Leifsonia ginsengi。
对分自药植所的7株内生细菌(ge05、ge10、ge12、ge14、ge18、ge21和ge24)做了体外拮抗植物病原真菌的初步研究，结果表明有两株芽孢杆菌属的菌株(ge10和ge14)对引起人参锈腐病的病原菌(Cylindrocarpon destructans)具有较强的拮抗作用，1株类芽孢菌属(Paenibacillus)的菌株(ge21)对引起人参立枯病、人参疫病及水稻稻瘟病的病原菌(Rhizoctonia solani、Phytophthora cactorum、Pyricularia oryzae)均有一定的拮抗作用。
本论文研究结果表明，与传统的分离培养方法相比，非培养方法能够更客观地反映植物内生细菌的多样性，但实验易受植物总DNA提取质量、细胞器DNA及PCR反应条件等的影响；从非培养方法的研究结果也证实，生活在不同地理环境下的同一种植物，其内生细菌的群落结构有较大差异，并表明在人参根内存在潜在的新菌种资源。培养方法研究结果表明，假单胞菌和贪噬菌为人参根内生优势种群。用多相分类法已鉴定有三一株细菌wged11、ge10、ge14分别与已报道的Leifsonia及Bacillus在种的水平上有差异。
The community diversity of endophytic bacteria (CDEB) in Panax ginseng root was investigated by using culture-independent and culture-dependent approaches. The differences of CDEB for one congeneric ginseng root sampled from two regions and different growth stages were compared with constructions of 16S rDNA clone library and amplified DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA). Some novel bacterial species inhabiting the interior of ginseng roots were isolated and identified.
Congeneric ginseng roots that have grown for 3 years were sampled from Fusong County in Jilin Province (FS), the original habitat, and from Institute of Medicinal Plant Department (IMPD) of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences which lies in Beijing. Samples were strictly surface-sterilized followed by CTAB DNA Extraction Protocol to obtain their genome DNA respectively. To construct 16S rDNA clone libraries, primers 799f and 1492r were selected to amplify 16S rDNA segments. Thirty five OTUs, including 274 positive clones, were assigned according to their band pattern similarity in IMPD clone library. The representatives of each OTU were sequenced. The results showed that γ-Proteobacteria was the most dominant group (13 OTUs, 51.09% of the total clones), followed by α-Proteobacteria (10 OTUs, 37.59% of the total clones). A total of 286 positive clones were obtained in FS clone library, in which 130 clones were assigned to 47 OTUs according to ARDRA patterns. 10 (43 clones) out of 47 OTUs had most identity with uncultured bacteria, and 14 OTUs (37 clones) had identity with CFB (Flexibacter/Cytophaga/Bacteroides). CFB group was the most dominant group in the known species. Proteobacteria (19 OTUs, 35 clones) were only accounted for 26.9% and classified into α-, β-, and γ proteobacteria. In FS libray, 147 clones were highly homologous to chloroplast small sub-unit 16S rDNA and 1 clone was homologous to mitochondrion small sub-unit 18S rDNA. 8 chimeric DNA sequences were checked in this library and 3 OTUs (14clones) belonged to chlamydiae.
Congeneric ginseng samples from different regions, different growth stages, and different culture media were used to isolate endophytic bacteria from ginseng roots. Most of Bacillus were isolated from IMPD samples on LB medium in 2005. Four of them had potential as new bacteria species. However, plenty of pseudomonas were isolated from free-nitrogen Doberener medium from the same samples. Pseudomonas spp. and Variovorax spp. as the dominant
species were isolated on both LB medium and free-nitrogen Doberener medium from IMPD samples in 2006. Variovorax, Leifsonia and Mycobacterium from FS samples were isolated on LB medium and Variovorax spp. and Agrobacterium spp. were isolated on free-nitrogen Doberener medium in 2005.
Two strains (strains ge10 and ge14) isolated on LB medium from IMPD samples were studied according to a polyphasic approach. The results showed that they were novel and different species subject to the genus Bacillus. One strain (stain wged11) isolated on free-nitrogen Doberener medium from FS samples was also explored according to a polyphasic approach. The data indicated that wged11 containing the unusual ω-Cyclohexylundecanoic acid was a novel species of the genus Leifsonia.
In this study the antagonistic activities of 7 endophytic bacterial strains (ge05、 ge10、 ge12、 ge14、 ge18、 ge21and ge24) from IMPD on PDA media were assayed. The results showed that two Bacillus strains (ge10 and ge14) were antagonistic to Cylindrocarpon destructans. Paenibacillus strain (ge21) was antagonistic to Rhizoctonia solani, Phytophthora cactorum and Pyricularia oryzae.
Three endophytic bacterial strains (wged11, ge10, ge14) from ginseng roots had been identified as potential novel specieses.
引文
Aino M, Maekawa Y, Mayama S, Kato H (1997) Biocontrol of bacterial wilt of tomato by producing seedlings colonized with endophytic antagonistic pseudomonads. Nakanishi Printing, Sapporo, Japan
Amann RI, Ludwig W, Schleifer KH (1995) Phylogenetic identification and in situ detection of individual micobialcell without cultivation. Microbiol Rev 59: 143-169
Andreas Felske AW, Robert van Lis, Willem M. de Vos, An toon D.L. Akkermans (1999) Searching for predominant soil bacteria: 16S rDNA cloning versus strain cultivation FEMS Microbiol Ecol 30: 137-145
Arshad M, and Frankenberger, W.T. (1991) Microbial production of plant hormones. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, the Netherlands
Azevedo JL, Maccheron WJ, Pereira JO, de Araujo WL (2000) Endophytic microorganisms: a review on insect control and recent advances on tropical plants. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology 3: 40-65
Bacon CW, Yates IE, Hinton DM, Meredith F (2001) Biological control of Fusarium moniliforme in maize. Environ Health Perspect 109(Suppl 2) 325-332
Baek SH, Im WT, Oh HW, Lee JS, Oh HM, Lee ST (2006) Brevibacillus ginsengisoli sp. nov., a denitrifying bacterium isolated from soil of a ginseng field. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56: 2665-2669
Barac T, Taghavi S, Borremans B, Provoost A, Oeyen L, Colpaert JV, Vangronsveld J, van der Lelie D (2004) Engineered endophytic bacteria improve phytoremediation of water-soluble, volatile, organic pollutants. Nat Biotechnol 22: 583-588
Bashan Y, Holguin G (1997) Azospirillum-plant relationships: environmental and physiological advances(1990-1996). Can J Microbilo. 43: 103-121
Bashan Y, Ream Y, Levanony H, Sade A (1989) Non-specific responses in plant growth, yield, and root colonization of noncereal crop plants to inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense Cd. Can J Bot. 67: 1317-1324
Basnayake WVS, Birch RG (1995) A gene from Alcaligenes denitrificans that confers albicidin resistance by reversible antibiotic binding. Microbiology 141: 551-560
Bassler BL (2002) Small Talk:Communication in Bacteria. Cell Microbiol. 109: 421-424
Berkeley R, Heyndrickx M, Logan N, De Vos P (2002) Applications and Systematics of Bacillus and Relatives. Blackwell Publishing
Bhattacharya D, Sarma PM, Krishnan S, Mishra S, Lal B (2003) Evaluation of genetic diversity among Pseudomonas citronellolis strains isolated from oily sludge-contaminated sites. Appl Environ Microbiol. 69: 1435-1441
Bloemberg GV, Lugtenberg BJJ (2001) Molecular basis of plant growth promotion and biocontrol by rhizobacteria. Curr Opin Plant Biol. 4: 343-350
Bonnet R, Suau A, Dore J, Gibson GR, Collins MR (2002) Differences in rDNA libraries of faecal bacteria derived from 10- and 25-cycle PCRs. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 52: 757-763
Brooks DS, Gonzalez CF, Appel DN, Filer TH (1994) Evaluation of endophytic bacteria as potential biological control agents for oak wilt. Biol Con. 4: 373-381
BUCK JD (1982) Nonstaining (KOH) Method for Determination of Gram Reactions of Marine Bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 44:992-993
Cnstillo U, Harper JK, Strobel GA, Sears J, Alesi K, Ford E, Lin J, Hunter M, Maranta M, Ge H, Yaver D, Jensen JB, Porter H, Robison R, Millar D, Hess WM, Condron, Teplow M, D. (2003)Kakadumycins, novel antibiotics from Streptomyces sp. NRRL 30566, an endophyte of Grevillea pteridifolia FEMS Microbiology Letters 224:183～190
Castilllo UF, Strobei GA, Ford EJ, Hess WM, Porter H, Jensen JB, Albert H, Robison R, Condron MAM, Teplow DB, Stevens D, Yaver D (2002) Munumbicins, wide-spectrum antibiotics produced by Streptomyces NRRL 30562, endophytic on Kennedia nigriscans. Microbiology 148:2675-2685
Cavigelli MA, Robertson GP, Kilug MJ (1995) Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles as measures of soil microbial community structure. Kluwer Academic, Netherlands
Chandler DP, Fredrickson, J. K. & Brockman, F. J. (1997) Effect of PCR template concentration on the composition and distribution of total community 16S rDNA clone libraries. Mol Ecol 6
Chernin L, Chet I (2002) Microbial enzymes in biocontrol of plant pathogens and pests. Marcel Dekker, New York, N. Y.
Claus D, Berkeley RCW (1986) Genus Bacillus 1872., Vol 2. Williams & wilkins, Baltimore, MD.
Collins MD (1985) Isoprenoid quinine analysis in classification and identification. Academic Press, London
Coombs JT, and C. M. M. Franco. (2003) Isolation and identification of actinobacteria isolated from surface-sterilized wheat roots. Appl Environ Microbiol. 69:5303-5308
Daniel G, Randle G, Simpson A J, Aanensen DM, Pitt TL, Kinoshita R, Spratt BG (2003) Multilocus sequence typing and evolutionary relationships among the causative agents of melioidosis and glanders, Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei. J Clin Microbiol. 41:2068-2079
de Boer W, Leveau JHJ, Kowalchuk GA, Gunnewiek PJAK, Abeln ECA, Figge MJ, Sjollema K, Janse JD, van Veen JA (2004) Collimonas fungivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a chitinolytic soil bacterium with the ability to grow on living fungal hyphae Int J Syst Evol Microbio154:857-864
de Souza Jr, de Boer M, de Waard P, van Beek TA, Raaijmakers JM (2003) Biochemical, genetic, and zoosporicidal properties of cyclic lipopeptide surfactants produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69:7161-7172
de Weger LA, van der Bij AJ, Dekkers LC, Simons M, Wijffelman CA, Lugtenberg BJJ (1995) Colonization of the rhizosphere of crop plants by plant-beneficial pseudomonads. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 17:221-228
Defago G (1993) 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol, a promising compound in biocontrol. Plant Pathol. 42:311-312
Dondero NC (1975) The Sphaerotilus-Leptothrix group. Ann Rev Microbiol. 3:77-107
Elvira-Recuenco M, van Vuurde, J.W. (2000) Natural incidence of endophytic bacteria in pea cultivars under field conditions. Can J Microbiol. 46:1036-1041
Embley TM, Stackebrandt E (1994) The molecular phylogeny and systematics of the actinomycetes. Annu Rev Microbiol. 48:257-289
Evtushenko LI, Dorofeeva LV, Subbotin SA, Cole JR, Tiedje JM (2000) Leifsonia pone gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from nematode galls on Poa annua, and reclassification of 'Corynebacterium aquaticum' Leifson 1962 as Leifsonia aquatica (ex Leifson 1962) gen. nov., nom. rev., comb. nov. and Clavibacter xyli Davis et al. 1984 with two subspeicies as Leifsonia xyli (Davis et al. 1984) gen. nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:371-380
Felsenstein J, Churchill GA (1996) A Hidden Markov Model approach to variation among sites in rate of evolution. Mol Biol Evol 13:93-104
Fitch WM (1972) Toward defining the course of evolution: minimum change for a specific tree topology. Syst Zoo120:406-416
Frankowski J, Lorito M, Scala F, Schmidt R, Berg G, Bahl H (2001.) Purification and properties of two chitinolytic enzymes of Serratia plymuthica HRO-C48. Arch Microbiol. 176:421-426
Fridlender M, Inbar J, Chet I (1993) Biological control of soilborne plant pathogens by a β-1,3-glucanase-producing Pseudomonas cepacia. Soil boil. Biochem. 25:1211-1221
Frommel MI, Nnwak J, Lazarovits G (1991) Growth enhancement and developmental modfications of in vitro grown potato (Solanum tuberosum ssp. tuberosum) asaffected by a nonfluorescent Pseudomonas sp. Plant Physiol. 96:928-936
Garbeva P, Overbeek LS, Vuurde JW, Elsas JD (2001) Analysis of Endophytic Bacterial Communities of Potato by Plating and Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) of 16S rDNA Based PCR Fragments. Microbial Ecology 41:369-383
Gardner JM, Feldman AW, Zablotowiez RM (1982) Identity and behavior of xylem-residing bacteria in rough lemon of Florida citrus tress. Appl Environ Microbiol. 43:1335-1342
Gerhardson B (2002) Biological substitutes for pesticides. Trends Biotechnol. 20:338-343
Glick B (1995) The enhancement of plant growth by free-living bacteria. Can J Microbiol. 41:109-117
Glick BR, Jacobson CB, M.M.K. S (1994) 1-aminocycclopropane- 1-carboxylic acid deaminase mutants of the plant growth promoting rhizoberium Pseudomonas putida GR 12-2 do not stimulate canola root elonggation Can J Microbilo. 40:911-915
Glick BR, Karaturoviv DM, Newell PC (1995) A novel procedure for rapid isolation of plant growth promoting pseudomonas. Can J Mierobio141:535-536
Gnanamanickam SS (2006) Plant-Associated Bacteria. Springer
Good IL (1953) The population frequencies of species and the estimation of population parameters. Biometrika 40:237-264
Goto K Matsubara H, Mochida K, Matsumara T, Hara Y, Niwa M, Yamasato K (2002) AlicyclobaciUus herbarius sp. nov., a novel bacterium containing _-cycloheptane fatty acids, isolated from herbal tea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 52:109-113
Graner G, Persson P, Meijer J, Alstrom S (2003) A study on microbial diversity in different cultivars of Brassica napns in relation to its wilt pathogen, Verticillium longisporum. FEMS Microbiol Lett 224:269-276
Gray EJ, Smith DL (2005) Intracellular and extracellular PGPR: commonalities and distinctions in the plant-bacterium signaling processes. Soil Biol. Biochem. 37:395-412
Haas D, Blumer C, Keel C (2000) Biocontrol ability of fluorescent pseudomonads genetically dissected:importance of positive feedback regulation. Curr. Opin. Bioteclmot. 11:290-297
Hallman JA, Quadt-Hallman W, Mahafee F, Kloepper JW (1997) Bacterial endophytes in agricultural crops. Can J Microbiol. 43:895-914
Harrison L, Teplow DB, Rinaldi M, Strobel G (1991) Pseudomycins, a family of novel peptides from Pseudomonas syringae possessing broad-spectrum antifungal activity. J Gen Microbiol 137:2857-2865
Hashidoko Y, Nakayama T, Homma Y, Tahara S (1999) Structure elucidation of xanthobaccin A, a new antibiotic produced from Stenotrophomonas sp. Strain SB-K88. Tetrahedron Lett. 40:2957-2960
Hass D, Keel C, reimmann C (2002) Signal transduction in plantbeneficial rhizobacteria with biocontrol properties. Antonie Leewenhoek 81:385-395
Heuer HM, Baker KP, Smalla K, Wellington EM (1997) Analysis of actinomycete communities by specific amplification of genes encoding 16S rDNA and gel-eletrophoretic separation in denaturing gradients. Appl Environ Microbiol. 63:3233-3241
Hinton DM, Bacon CW (1995) Enterobacter cloacae is an endophytic symbiont of corn. Mycopathologia 129:117-125
Hollis JP (1951) Bacteria in healthy potato tissue. Phytopathology 41:350-366
Hong SG, Lee KH, Kwak J, Bae KS (2006) Diversity of yeasts associated with Panax ginseng. J Microbio. 44:674-679
Hurek T, Reinhold-Herek B, Van Montage M, Kellenberger E (1994) Root colonization and systemic spreading of Azoarcus sp. Strain BH72 in grasses. J Bacteriol 176:1913-1923
Idris R, Trifonova R, Puschenreiter M, Wenzel WW, Sessitsch A (2004) Bacterial Community Associated with Flowering Plants of the Ni Hyperaccumulator Thlaspi goesingense. Appl Environ Microbiol 70:2667-2677
Janssen PH, Yates PS, Grinton BE, Taylor PM, Sait M (2002) Improved Culturability of Soil Bacteria and Isolation in Pure Culture of Novel Members of the Divisions Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia Appl Environ Microbiol. 68:2391-2396
Joo GJ, Kin YM, Kin ,IT, Rhee IK, Kin JH, Lee IJ (2005) Gibberellins-producing rhizobacteria increase endogenous gibberellius content and promote growth of red peppers. J Microbiol. 43:510-515
Kado CI (1991) Plant pathogenic bacteria. Springer Verlag, New York
Kampfer P, Muller C, Man M, Neef A, Auling G, Bnsse H-J, Osborn AM, Stolz A (1999) Description of Pseudaminobacter gen. nov. with two new species, Pseudaminobacter salicylatoxidans sp. nov. and Pseudaminobacter defluvii sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 49:887-897
Kawaguchi A, Uemura N, Oknda S (1986) Characterization of the fatty acid synthetase system of Curtobacterium pusillum. J Biochem(Tokyo) 99:1735-1742
Kin BS, Moon SS, Hwang BK (1999) Isolation, identification and antifungal activity of a macrolide antibiotic, oligomycin A, produced by Streptomyces libani. Can J Bot. 77:850-858
Kin HB, Park M J, Yang HC, An DS, Jin HZ, Yang DC (2006) Burkholderia ginsengisoli sp. nov., a beta-glucosidase-producing bacterium isolated from soil of a ginseng field. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56:2529-2533
Kim MK, Im WT, In JG, Kim SH, Yang DC (2006) Thermomonas koreensis sp. nov., a mesophilic bacterium isolated from a ginseng field, Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56:1615-1619
Kloepper JW, Beauchamp CJ (1992) A review of issues related to measuring colonization of plant roots by bacteria. Can J Microbiol 38:1219-1232
Kloepper JW, Lifshitz R, Seller FM (1989) Free living bacterial inocula for enhancing crop productivity. Trend Biotechnol 7:39-43
Lane DJ (1991) 16S/23S rRNA sequencing. . John Willey and Sons Ltd., Chichester, England
Lee JW, Im WT, Kin MK, Yang DC (2006) Lysobacter koreensis sp. nov., isolated from a ginseng field. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56:231-235
Leifert C, Morris CE, Waites WM (1994) Ecology of microbial saprophytes and pathogens in tissue culture and fieldgrown plants: reasons for contamination problems in vitro. Crit Rev Plant Sci. 13:139-183
Leifson E (1962) The bacterial flora of distilled and stored water. Ⅲ. New species of the genera Corynebacterium, Flavobacterium, Spirillum and Pseudomonas. Int Bull Bacteriol Nomencl Taxon 12:161-170
Lenchtmann A (1992) Systematics, distribution, and host specificity of grass endophytes. Natural Toxins 1:150-162
Leveau JILI http://www'nioo'knaw'nl/PPAGES/ileveau/# 11188263-1022-1323-3B5A9688734DOD 1F.
Lewis FJ (1924)An endotrophic fungus in the Coniferae. Nature Bioteehnology 114:860
Liesack W, Weyland H, Stackebrandt E (1991) Potential risks of gene amplification by PCR as determined by 16S rDNA analysis of a mixed culture of strict barophilie bacteria. Mierob. Ecol. 21:191-198
Lima HS, Kim YS, Kim SD (1991) Pseudomonas stutzeri YPL-1 genetic transformation and antifungal mechanism against Fusarium solani, an agent of plant root rot. Appl Environ Microbiol. 57: 510-516
Lin QM, Im WT, Lee M, Yang DC, Lee ST (2006) Dyadobacter ginsengisoli sp. nov., isolated from soil of a ginseng field. Crit Rev Plant Sci. 56:1939-1944
Liu WT, Marsh TL, Cheng H, Forney LJ (1997) Characterization of microbial diversity by determining terminal restriction fiagment length polymorphisms of genes encoding 16S rRNA Appl Environ Microbiol 63:4516-3512
Lodewyekx C, Vangronsveid J, Porteons F, Moore ERB, Taghavi S, Mezgeay M, Lelie DVD (2002) Endophytic bacteria and their potential applications. Crit Rev Plant Sci. 21:583-606
Logan NA, Berkeley RCW (1984) Identification of Bacillus strains using the API system. J Gen Mierobiol. 130:1871-1882
Ludwig W, Strunk O, Klugbaner S, Weizenegger M, Neumaier J, Bachleitner M, Schleifer KH (1998) Bacterial phylogeny based on comparative sequence analysis. Electrophoresis 19:554-568
Lugtenberg BJJ, Dekkers L, Bloemberg GV (2001) Molecular determinants of rhizosphere colonization by Pseudomonas. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 39:461-490
Ma Y, Xue Y, Grant WD, Collins NC, Duckworth AW, van Steenbergen RP, Jones BE (2004) Alkalimonas amylolytica gen. nov., sp. nov., and Alkalimonas delamerensis gen. nov., sp. nov., novel alkaliphilic bacteria from soda lakes in China and East Africa. Extremophiles 8:193-200
Maltsev II, Kalinovskii AI, Zgurskaya HI, Evtushenko LI (1992) Tyvelose in Agromyces cell walls. Syst Appl Microbiol 15:187-189
Marmur J (1961) A procedure for the isolation of DNA from micro-organism. J Mol Biol 3:208-218
Marmur J, Doty P (1962) Determination of base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid from its denaturation temperature. J Mol Biol 5: 109-118
Massol-Deya AA, Odelsonn D.A., Hickey, R.F., Tiedje, J.M. (1995) Bacterial community fingerprinting of amplified 16S and 16-23S ribosomal DNA gene sequence and restriction endonuclease analysis (ADRDA), Vol 2. KluwerAcademic Publications
Matheson AVSaBG (1995) Populations of endophytic bacteria which influence host-resistance to Erwinia-induced bacterial soft rot in potato t. Plant and Soil 184:165-271
Mathieu-Daude F, Welsh, J., Vogt, T. & McClelland, M. (1996) DNA rehybridization during PCR the 'C_ot effect' and its consequences. Nucleic Acids Res 24:2080-2086
Mayak S, Tirosh T, Glick BR (2004) Plant gowth-promoting bacteria confer resistance in tomato plants to salt stress. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 42:565-572
McInroy JA, and Kloepper, J.W. (1995) Survey of indigenous bacterial endophytes from cotton and sweet corn. Plant and Soil 173:337-342
McInroy JA, Kloepper JW (1995) Survey of indigenous bacterial endophytes from cotton and sweet corn Plant and Soil 173:337-342
McInroy JA, Klopper JW (1995) Population dynamics of endophytic bacteria in field-grown sweet corn and cotton. Can J Microbiol. 41:895-901
Mergaert J, Anderson C, Wouters A, Swings J (1994) Microbial degradation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) in compost. J Polym Environ. 2:177-183
Miller RV, Miller, C.M., Garton-Kinney, D. (1998) Ecomycins, unique antimycotics from Pseudomonas viridiflava. J Appl Microbiol 84:937-944
Milner JL, Raffel B, Lethbridge J, Handelsman J (1995) Culture conditions that influence accumulation of zwittermicin A by Bacillus cereus UW85. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 43:685-691
Milner JL, Silo-Suh L, Lee JC, He H, Clardy J, Handelsman J (1996) Production of kanosamine by acillus cereus UW85. Appl Environ Microbiol. 62:3061-3065
Misko AL, Germida IJ (2002) Taxonomic and functional diversity of pseudomonads isolated from the roots of field-grown canola. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 42:399-407
Moenne-Loccoz Y, Tichy HV, O'Donneil A, Simon R, O'Gara F (2001) Impact of 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol-Producing Biocontrol Strain Pseudomonas fluorescens F113 on Intraspecific Diversity of Resident Culturable Fluorescent Pseudomonads Associated with the Roots of Field-Grown Sugar Beet Seedlings. Appl Environ Microbio167:3418-3425
Mullins TD, Britschgi TB, Krest RL, Giovannoni SJ (1995) Genetic comparisons reveal the same unknown bacterial lineages in Atlantic and Pacific bacterioplankton communities. Limnol Oceanogr 40:148-158
Muyzer G, Waal EC, Uitterlinden AG (1993) Profiling of complex microbial populations by denaturing gradient gel electropboresis analysis of polymerase chain reactionamplified genes encoding for 16S rRNA. Appl Environ Microbiol 59:695-700
Myers RM, Fischer SG, Lemman LS (1985) Nearly all single base substitutions in DNA fragments joined to a GC clamp can be detected by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Nucleic Acids Res., 13: 3131-3145
Nakaama T, Homma Y, Hashidoko Y, Mizutani J, Tahara S (1999) Possible role of xanthobaccins produced by Stenotrophomonas sp. Strain SB-K88 in suppression of sugar beet damping-off disease. Appl Environ Microbiol. 65:4334-4339
Negishi C (1968) Proliferative effects of ginseng root extract on bifidus bacillus. Nippon Shonika Gakkai Zasshi 72:1275-1284
Nelson YM, Lion LW, Shuler ML, Ghiorse WC,. (1999) Lead binding to metal oxide and organic phases of natural aquatic biofilms Limnol. Limno Oceanogr 44: 1715～1729
Newton JA, Fray RG (2004) Integration of environmental and host-derived signals with quorum sensing during plant-microbe interactions. Cell Microbiol. 6:213-224
Nielsen TH, Sorensen D, Tobiasen C, Andersen JB, Christenphersen C, Givskov M, Sorensen J (2002) Antibiotic and biosurfactant properties of cyclic lipopeptides produced by fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. From the sugar beet rhizosphere. Appl Environ Microbiol. 68:3416-3423
Nielsen TH, Sorensen J (2003) Production of cyclic lipopeptides by Pseudomonss fluorescens strains in bulk soil and in the sugar beet rhizosphere. Appl Environ Microbiol. 69:861-868
Nowak J, Asiedn SK, Lazarovits G, Pillay V, Stewart A, Smith C, Liu Z (1995) Enhancement of in vitro growth and transplant stress tolerance of potato and vegetable plantlets co-cultured with a plant growth promoting pseudomonad bacterium. Commissariat a l'energie atomique, France
Nowak J, Shulaev V (2003) Priming for transplant stress resistance in in vitro propagation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 39:107-124
Olesen BH, Avci R, Lewandowski Z (2000) Manganese dioxide as a potential cathodic reactant in corrosion of stainless steels. Corrosion Sci. 42:211-227
Ordetlich A, Elad Y, Chet I (1988) The role of chitinase of Serratia marcescens in biocontrol of Sclerotium rolfsii. Phytopathology 78:84-88
Pace NR, Stahl DA, Lane DJ, Oisen GJ (1986) The analysis of natural microbialpopulation populations by ribosomal RNA sequence. Adv Microbial Ecology 9:1-55
Park M J, Kim HB, An DS, Yang HC, Oh ST, Chung HJ, Yang DC (2007) Paenibacillus soli sp. nov., a xylanolytic bacterium isolated from soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 57:146-150
Polz MF, Cavanaugh CM (1998) Bias in template to product ratios in multitemplate PCR. Appl Environ Microbiol 64:3724-3730
Postma J, Montanari M, van den Boogert PHJF (2003) Microbial enrichment to enhance the disease suppressive activity of compost. Eur J soil Biol. 39:157-163
Qiu F, Huang Y, Sun L, Zhang X, Liu Z, Song W (2007) Leifsonia ginsengi sp. nov., isolated from ginseng root. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 57:405-408
Raaijmakers JM, Vlami M, de Souza JT (2002) Antibiotic production by bacterial biocontrol agents. Antonie Leeuwenhoek 81:537-547
Rao TS, Salram TN, Viswanathn B, Nair KVK (2000) Carbon steel corrosion by iron oxidising and sulphate reducing bacteria in a freshwater cooling system. Corrosion Sci. 42:1417-1431
Reddy GSN, Prakash JSS, Srinivas R, Matsumoto GI, Shivaji S (2003) Leifsonia rubra sp. nov. and Leifsonia aurea sp. nov., psychrophiles from a pond in Antarctica. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53: 977-984
Ryu CM, Murphy JF, Mysore KS, Kloepper JW (2004) Plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial systemically protect Arabidopsis thaliana against Cucumber mosaic virus by a salicylic acid and NPRl-independent and jasmonic acid-dependent signaling pathway. The Plant J. 39:381-392
Saitou N, Nei M (1987) The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstruction phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406-425
Schleifer KH, Kandler O (1972) Peptidoglycan types of bacterial cell walls and their taxonomic implications. Bacteriol Rev 36:407-477
Schneegurt MA, Kulpa CF (1998) The application of molecular techniques in environmental biotechnology for monitoring microbial systems. Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 27:73-79
Sekiguchi H, Tomioka N, Nakahara T, Uehiyama H (2001) A single band does not always represent single bacterial strains in denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis. Biotechnology Letters 23: 1205-1208
Sessitsch A, Reiter B, Berg G (2004) Endophytic bacterial communities of field-grown potato plants and their plant growth-promoting and antagonistic abilities. Can J Microbiol. 50:239-249
Sessitseh A, Reiter B, Pfeifer U, Wilhelm E (2002) Cultivation-independent population analysis of bacterial endophytes in three potato varieties based on eubacterial and Actinomycetes-specific PCR of 16S rRNA genes. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 39:23-32
Seymour FA, Cresswell Jig, Fisher PJ, Lappin-Scott HM, Hang H, Talbot NJ (2004) The influence of genotypic variation on metabolite diversity in populations of two endophytic fungal species. Fungal Genet Biol 41:721-734
Shu W, Yoshimatsu K, Yamaguchi H, Shimomura K (1999) High production of ginsenosides by transformed root cultures of Panax ginseng: effect of basal medium and Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains. Kokuritsu Iyakuhin Shokuhin Eisei Kenkynsho Hokoku 117:148-154
Skerman VBD, McGowen V, Sheath PHA (1980) Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Evol Bacteriol. 30:225-420
Spiegelman D, Whissell G, Greer CW (2005) A survey of the methods for the characterization of microbial consortia and communities. Can J Microbiol. 51
Stach JE, Bathe S, Clapp JP, Burns RG (2001) PCR-SSCP comparison of 16S rDNA sequence diversity in soil DNA obtained using different isolation and purification methods FEMS Microbiol Ecol 36:139-151
Streshinskaya GM, Naumova IB, Panina LI (1979) Cell wall composition of Streptomyces chrysomallus producing the antibiotic aurantin. Mikrobiologiya 48:814-819
Strobel G, Daisy B, Castillo U, Harper J (2004) Natural products from endophytic microorganisms. J Nat prod 67:257-268
Sturz AV, Christie BR, Mathesion BG, Arsenault WJ, Buchaan NA (1999) Endophytic bacterial commuities in the epiderm of potato tubers and tyeir potential to improve resistance to soil-borne plant pathogens. Plant Pathol. 48:360-369
Sturz AV, Christie BR, Matheson BG (1995) The role of endophytic bacteria during seed piece decay and potato turberization. Plant and Soil 175:257-263
Sturz AV, Christie BR, Matheson BG (1998) Association of bacterial endophyte populations from red clover and potato crops with potential for beneficial allelopathy. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 44:162-167
Sturz AV, Christie BR, Nowak J (2000) Bacterial endophytes: potential role in developing sustainable systems of crop production. Crit Rev Plant Sci. 19:1-30
Surette MA, Sturz AV, Lada RR, Nowak J (2003) Bacterial endophytes in processing carrots (Dancus carota L. var. sativus): their localization, population density, biodiversity and their effects on plant growth. Plant and Soil 253:381-390
Suzuki KI, Suzuki M, Sasaki J, Park YH, Komagata K (1999) Leifsonia gen. nov., a genus for 2,4-diaminobutyric acid-containing actinomycetes to accommodate "Corynebacterium aquaticum" Leifson 1962 and Clavibacter xyli susp. cynodontis Davis et al. 1984. J Gen Appl Microbiol 45: 253-262
Tabata K AH, Doi Y. (2000) Microbial degradation of poly(aspartic acid) by two isolated strains of Pedobaeter sp. and Sphingomonas sp. Biomacromolecules 1:157-161
Taechowisan T, Lu C, Shen Y, Lumyong S (2005) Secondary metabolites from endophytic Streptomyces aureofaciens CMUAc130 and their antifungal activity. Microbiology 151:1691-1695
Takeuchi M, Hamana K, Akira H (2001) Proposal of the genus Sphingomonas sensu stricto and three new genera, Sphingobium, Novosphingobium and Sphingopyxis, on the basis of phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic analyses. Int J Syst Evol Microbinl. 51:1405-1417
Talaat AM, Trucksis, M., Kane, A.S., Reimschuessei, R. (1999) Pathogenicity of Mycobacterium fortuitmn and Mycobacterium smegmatis to goldfish, Carassius auratus. Vet Microbiol. 66:151-164
Ten LN, Back SH, Im WT, Lee M, Oh HW, Lee ST (2006) Paenibacillus panacisoli sp. nov., a xylanolytic bacterium isolated from soil in a ginseng field in South Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56:2677-2681
Ten LN, Back SH, Im WT, Llu QM, Aslam Z, Lee ST (2006) Bacillus panaciterrae sp. nov., isolated from soil of a ginseng field. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56:2861-2866
Ten LN, Liu QM, Im WT, Lee M, Yang DC, Lee ST (2006) Pedobocter ginsengisoli sp. nov., a DNase-producing bacterium isolated from soil of a ginseng field in South Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 65:2565-2570
Tervet IWaH, J. P. (1948) Bacteria in the storage organs of healthy plants. Phytopathology 38:960-967
Tholozan JL, Cappelier JM, Tissier JP, Delattre G, Federighi M (1999) Physiological Characterization of Viable-but-Nonculturable Campylobacter jejuni Cells. Appl Environ Microbiol. 65:1110-1116
Thompson JD, Gison TJ, Plewniak F, Jeanmougin F, Higgins DG (1997) The CLUSTAL X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res., 25:4876-4882
Toyoda H, Utsumi R (1991) Method for the prevention of Fusarium diseases and microorganisms used for the same. In, U.S.
Van Buren AM, Andren C, Ishimaru CA (1993) Biological control of the bacterial ring rot pathogen by endophytic bacteria isolated form potato. Phytopathology 83:1406-1410
Van Peer R, Punte HLM, de Weger LA, Schippers B (1990) Characterization of root surface and endorhizosphere pseudomenads in relation to their colonization of roots. Appl Environ Microbiol. 56:2462-2470
Von Bodman SB, Bauer WD, Coplin DL (2003) Quorum sensing in plant-pathogenic bacteria. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 41:455-482
Von Bulow JFW, Dobereiner J (1975) Potential for nitrogen fixation in maize genotypes in Brazil. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 72: 2389-2393.
von Wintzingerode F, Gobel UB, Stackebrandt E (1997) Determination of microbial diversity in environmental samples: pitfalls of PCR-based rRNA analysis. FEMS Microbiol Rev 21:213-229
Walker MJ, Birch RG, Pemberton JM (1988) Cloning and characterization of an albicidin resistance gene from Klebsiella oxytoca. Mol. Microbiol. 2:443-454
Wang ET, van Berkum P, Beyene D, Sni XH, Dorado O, Chen WX, Martinez-Romero E (1998) Rhizobium huantlense sp. nov., a symbiont of Sesbania herbacea that has a close phylogenetic relationship with Rhizobium galegae. Int J Syst Evol Bacteriol. 48:687-699
Washington WS, Hood V, Stewart-Wade S (1999) Phomopsis castanea, a Seed-borne Endophyte in Chestnut Trees. Austral J Botany 47:77-84
Welbaum G, Sturz AV, Dong Z, Nowak J (2004) Fertilizing soil microorganisms to improve productivity of agroecosystems. Crit Rev Plant Sci. 23:175-193
Weon HY, Kim BY, Yoo SH, Lee SY, Kwon SW, Go S J, Staekebrandt E (2006) Niastella koreensis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Niastella yeongjuensis sp. nov., novel members of the phylum Bacteroidetes, isolated from soil cultivated with Korean ginseng. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56:1777-1782
Whipps JM (2001) Microbial interactions and biocontrol in the rhizosphere. J. Exp. Bot. 52:487-511
Whitesides SK, and Sports, R. A. (1991) Frequency, distribution, and characteristics of endophytic Pseudomonas syringae in peax trees. Phtopathology 81:453-457
Wilson D (1995) Endophyte: the evolution of a term, and clarification of its use and definition. Oikos. 73:274-276.
Wn C, Ln X, Qin M, Wang Y, Ruan J (1989) Analysis of menaquinone compound in microbial cells by HPLC. Microbiology (English translation of Mikrobiologia) 16:176-178
Yang CH, Crowley DE (2000) Rhizosphere microbial community structure in relation to root location and plant iron nutritional status. Appl Environ Microbio166:345-351
Yang DC, Im WT, Kim MK, Lee ST (2005) Pseudoxanthomonas koreensis sp. nov. and Pseudoxanthomonas daejeonensis sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 55:787-791
Yang DC, Im WT, Kim MK, Ohta H, Lee ST (2006) Sphingomonas soli sp. nov., a beta-glucosidase-producing bacterium in the family Sphingomonadaceae in the alpha-4 subgroup of the Proteobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56:703-707
Yoo SH, Kim BY, Weon HY, Kwon SW, Go SJ, Stackebrandt E (2007) Burkhoideria soli sp. nov., isolated from soil cultivated with Korean ginseng, hat J Syst Evol Microbiol. 57:122-125
Zelles L (1997) Phospholipid fatty acid profiles in selected members of soil microbial communities. J. Gen. Microbiol. 137:2823-2830
Zgurskaya HI, Evtushenko LI, Akimov VN, Kalakoutskii LV (1993) Rathayibacter gen. nov., including the species Rathayibacter rathayi comb. nov., Rathayibacter tritici comb. nov., Rathayibacter iranicus comb. nov., and six strains from annual grasses. Int J Syst Bacteriol 43 143-149
Zhang L, Birch RG (1997) The gene for albicidin detoxification from Pantoea dispersa encodes an esterase and attenuates pathogenicity of Xanthomonas albilineans to sugarcane. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 94:9984-9989
Zhang T, Fan X, Hanada S, Kamagata Y, Fang H (2006) Bacillus macauensis sp. nov., a long-chain bacterium isolated from a drinking water supply, hat J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56:349-353
Zinniel DK, Lambrecht P, Harris NB, Feng Z, Kuczmarski D, Higley P, Ishimaru CA, Arunakumari A, Barletta RG, Vidaver AK (2002) Isolation and characterization of endophytic colonizing bacteria from agronomic crops and prairie plants. Appl Environ Microbiol 68:2198-2208
白容霖(2002)人参9种病害的症状和病原物．吉林农业大学学报24：78-81
白容霖，潘丽梅，刘伟成(2000)吉林省人参细菌性软腐病病原．人参研究27：63-68
东秀珠，蔡妙英(2001)常见细菌系统鉴定手册．科学出版社
冯永君，宋未(2001)植物内生细菌．自然杂志23：249-252
耿毅，汪开毓，陈德芳，黄小丽(2006)嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌研究进展．动物医学进展27：28
何红，蔡学清，陈玉森，沈兆昌，关雄，胡方平(2002)辣椒内生枯草芽孢杆菌BS-2和BS-1防治香蕉炭疽病．福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)
何劲，刘蕴哲，康冀川(2006)植物内生菌及其在农业和医学上的用途．贵州农业科学
黄华，彭常军，李彬，徐传彬，高田全，陆淼泉(2005)人苍白杆菌分离株部分生物学性状的研究．中华检验医学杂志28：1022-1024
吉林人参研究院人参技术推广站(2005)不同时期传染性人参病害、防治药剂及方法(概要)．人参研究：48
贾晓娟，郭丽芸，刘毅，焦庆才(2006)巨大芽抱杆菌酶法转化制备D·苯丙氨酸．化学世界：281-285
金欣，陈尹，张姚佟，杜周(2004)诊治1例缺陷短波单胞菌所致肺部感染．中华医院感染杂志14：1191-1192
黎万奎，胡之璧(2005)内生菌与天然药物．中国天然药物3：193-199
赖娅娜(2004)抗真菌多肽捷安肽素发酵条件的研究．应用与环境生物学报10：231—235
李刚，姜晓莉(2001)人参根际微生态研究进展．特产研究：在49-50
李萌，张海涛，虞星炬，金美芳，张卫(2003)蔬菜内生菌的分离及其生防功能初探．江苏农业科学：60-64
李艳琴，申泉，刘彬彬，张华，赵立平(2003)番茄内生菌分离及其ERIC-PCR指纹图谱分析．微生物学通报30：89—93
林蓉金(2004)59例偶发分支杆菌医院感染病人的护理．护理学杂志19：28-29
刘志恒主编(2002)现代微生物学．科学出版社，北京
龙良鲲，肖崇刚(2003)内生细菌01-144在番茄根茎内定殖的初步研究．微生物学通报30：53-56
娄子恒，金慧，潘晓鹏，王明芝，张引，魏建华(2002)几种常见人参、西洋参病虫害及其防治．人参研究14：42-44
明惠青，李莉(2006)甲胺磷降解菌的筛选及降解特性研究微生物学杂志26：60-62
漆艳香谢，张辉强，朱水芳，肖启明，廖晓兰(2005)香蕉细菌性枯萎病菌实时荧光PCR检测方法的建立．华南热带农业大学学报：1-5
曲宝成，孙军德，冯敏(2004)番茄灰霉病内生拮抗细菌的分离筛选初报．微生物学杂志24：62-64
任安芝，高玉葆(2001)植物内生真菌—一类应用前景广阔的资源微生物．微生物学通报28：90-93
任海燕，纪树兰，刘志培，王道(2006)17a-乙炔基雌二酵降解菌的分离鉴定及降解特性．环境科学27：1186-1190
孙力军，陆兆新，刘俊，吕凤霞，别小妹，杨胜远(2006)一株产胞外多糖植物内生菌EJS-3菌株的分离和鉴定．食品科学
谈家金，向红琼，冯志新(2003)马尾松内生细菌与松材线虫病关系的初步研究．植物病理学报
唐景春，Katayama A(2004)醌类图谱分析在环境微生物生态测定中的应用．应用与环境生物学报10：530—536
王永中，肖亚中(2001)植物内生菌及其活性代谢产物．生物学杂志21：1-5
杨海群，谭周进，肖启明，何可佳(2004)假单胞菌的生物防治作用研究．中国生态农业学报12：158-161
杨胜远，陆兆新，孙力军，别小妹，吕凤霞，曾晓雄(2007)产谷氨酸脱羧酶金银花内生菌的鉴定及其转化特性研究．食品科学28：196—202
杨阳，何随成，张丽，张斌(2002)抗人参真菌病害的链霉菌的摇瓶发酵试验．微生物学杂志22：56-58
杨依军，武侠，赵曰丰(1997)人参、西洋参根病生物防治．特产研究1：30-33
杨正强，张耀兮，陈小静，赵明，王一丁(2006)华重楼内生菌SS02的分离与抗菌活性的初步研究．微生物学通报33：54-57
张惠文，张倩茹，周启星，张成刚(2003)分子微生物生态学及其研究进展．应用生态学报12：286-292
张晓洁，查岭生，陈小静，冯定胜，王一丁(2006)一株产重楼皂甙内生细菌的分离与鉴定．微生物学通报33：84-88
庄玉辉(1994)非结核分支杆菌的致病性与鉴定技术的研究进展．中国防痨杂志16：185-188
Amann RI, Ludwig W, Schleifer KH (1995) Phylogenetic identification and in situ detection of individual micobialcell without cultivation. Microbiol Rev 59: 143-169
Andreas Felske AW, Robert van Lis, Willem M. de Vos, An toon D.L. Akkermans (1999) Searching for predominant soil bacteria: 16S rDNA cloning versus strain cultivation FEMS Microbiol Ecol 30: 137-145
Arshad M, and Frankenberger, W.T. (1991) Microbial production of plant hormones. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, the Netherlands
Azevedo JL, Maccheron WJ, Pereira JO, de Araujo WL (2000) Endophytic microorganisms: a review on insect control and recent advances on tropical plants. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology 3: 40-65
Bacon CW, Yates IE, Hinton DM, Meredith F (2001) Biological control of Fusarium moniliforme in maize. Environ Health Perspect 109(Suppl 2) 325-332
Baek SH, Im WT, Oh HW, Lee JS, Oh HM, Lee ST (2006) Brevibacillus ginsengisoli sp. nov., a denitrifying bacterium isolated from soil of a ginseng field. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56: 2665-2669
Barac T, Taghavi S, Borremans B, Provoost A, Oeyen L, Colpaert JV, Vangronsveld J, van der Lelie D (2004) Engineered endophytic bacteria improve phytoremediation of water-soluble, volatile, organic pollutants. Nat Biotechnol 22: 583-588
Bashan Y, Holguin G (1997) Azospirillum-plant relationships: environmental and physiological advances(1990-1996). Can J Microbilo. 43: 103-121
Bashan Y, Ream Y, Levanony H, Sade A (1989) Non-specific responses in plant growth, yield, and root colonization of noncereal crop plants to inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense Cd. Can J Bot. 67: 1317-1324
Basnayake WVS, Birch RG (1995) A gene from Alcaligenes denitrificans that confers albicidin resistance by reversible antibiotic binding. Microbiology 141: 551-560
Bassler BL (2002) Small Talk:Communication in Bacteria. Cell Microbiol. 109: 421-424
Berkeley R, Heyndrickx M, Logan N, De Vos P (2002) Applications and Systematics of Bacillus and Relatives. Blackwell Publishing
Bhattacharya D, Sarma PM, Krishnan S, Mishra S, Lal B (2003) Evaluation of genetic diversity among Pseudomonas citronellolis strains isolated from oily sludge-contaminated sites. Appl Environ Microbiol. 69: 1435-1441
Bloemberg GV, Lugtenberg BJJ (2001) Molecular basis of plant growth promotion and biocontrol by rhizobacteria. Curr Opin Plant Biol. 4: 343-350
Bonnet R, Suau A, Dore J, Gibson GR, Collins MR (2002) Differences in rDNA libraries of faecal bacteria derived from 10- and 25-cycle PCRs. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 52: 757-763
Brooks DS, Gonzalez CF, Appel DN, Filer TH (1994) Evaluation of endophytic bacteria as potential biological control agents for oak wilt. Biol Con. 4: 373-381
BUCK JD (1982) Nonstaining (KOH) Method for Determination of Gram Reactions of Marine Bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 44:992-993
Cnstillo U, Harper JK, Strobel GA, Sears J, Alesi K, Ford E, Lin J, Hunter M, Maranta M, Ge H, Yaver D, Jensen JB, Porter H, Robison R, Millar D, Hess WM, Condron, Teplow M, D. (2003)Kakadumycins, novel antibiotics from Streptomyces sp. NRRL 30566, an endophyte of Grevillea pteridifolia FEMS Microbiology Letters 224:183～190
Castilllo UF, Strobei GA, Ford EJ, Hess WM, Porter H, Jensen JB, Albert H, Robison R, Condron MAM, Teplow DB, Stevens D, Yaver D (2002) Munumbicins, wide-spectrum antibiotics produced by Streptomyces NRRL 30562, endophytic on Kennedia nigriscans. Microbiology 148:2675-2685
Cavigelli MA, Robertson GP, Kilug MJ (1995) Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles as measures of soil microbial community structure. Kluwer Academic, Netherlands
Chandler DP, Fredrickson, J. K. & Brockman, F. J. (1997) Effect of PCR template concentration on the composition and distribution of total community 16S rDNA clone libraries. Mol Ecol 6
Chernin L, Chet I (2002) Microbial enzymes in biocontrol of plant pathogens and pests. Marcel Dekker, New York, N. Y.
Claus D, Berkeley RCW (1986) Genus Bacillus 1872., Vol 2. Williams & wilkins, Baltimore, MD.
Collins MD (1985) Isoprenoid quinine analysis in classification and identification. Academic Press, London
Coombs JT, and C. M. M. Franco. (2003) Isolation and identification of actinobacteria isolated from surface-sterilized wheat roots. Appl Environ Microbiol. 69:5303-5308
Daniel G, Randle G, Simpson A J, Aanensen DM, Pitt TL, Kinoshita R, Spratt BG (2003) Multilocus sequence typing and evolutionary relationships among the causative agents of melioidosis and glanders, Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei. J Clin Microbiol. 41:2068-2079
de Boer W, Leveau JHJ, Kowalchuk GA, Gunnewiek PJAK, Abeln ECA, Figge MJ, Sjollema K, Janse JD, van Veen JA (2004) Collimonas fungivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a chitinolytic soil bacterium with the ability to grow on living fungal hyphae Int J Syst Evol Microbio154:857-864
de Souza Jr, de Boer M, de Waard P, van Beek TA, Raaijmakers JM (2003) Biochemical, genetic, and zoosporicidal properties of cyclic lipopeptide surfactants produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69:7161-7172
de Weger LA, van der Bij AJ, Dekkers LC, Simons M, Wijffelman CA, Lugtenberg BJJ (1995) Colonization of the rhizosphere of crop plants by plant-beneficial pseudomonads. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 17:221-228
Defago G (1993) 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol, a promising compound in biocontrol. Plant Pathol. 42:311-312
Dondero NC (1975) The Sphaerotilus-Leptothrix group. Ann Rev Microbiol. 3:77-107
Elvira-Recuenco M, van Vuurde, J.W. (2000) Natural incidence of endophytic bacteria in pea cultivars under field conditions. Can J Microbiol. 46:1036-1041
Embley TM, Stackebrandt E (1994) The molecular phylogeny and systematics of the actinomycetes. Annu Rev Microbiol. 48:257-289
Evtushenko LI, Dorofeeva LV, Subbotin SA, Cole JR, Tiedje JM (2000) Leifsonia pone gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from nematode galls on Poa annua, and reclassification of 'Corynebacterium aquaticum' Leifson 1962 as Leifsonia aquatica (ex Leifson 1962) gen. nov., nom. rev., comb. nov. and Clavibacter xyli Davis et al. 1984 with two subspeicies as Leifsonia xyli (Davis et al. 1984) gen. nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:371-380
Felsenstein J, Churchill GA (1996) A Hidden Markov Model approach to variation among sites in rate of evolution. Mol Biol Evol 13:93-104
Fitch WM (1972) Toward defining the course of evolution: minimum change for a specific tree topology. Syst Zoo120:406-416
Frankowski J, Lorito M, Scala F, Schmidt R, Berg G, Bahl H (2001.) Purification and properties of two chitinolytic enzymes of Serratia plymuthica HRO-C48. Arch Microbiol. 176:421-426
Fridlender M, Inbar J, Chet I (1993) Biological control of soilborne plant pathogens by a β-1,3-glucanase-producing Pseudomonas cepacia. Soil boil. Biochem. 25:1211-1221
Frommel MI, Nnwak J, Lazarovits G (1991) Growth enhancement and developmental modfications of in vitro grown potato (Solanum tuberosum ssp. tuberosum) asaffected by a nonfluorescent Pseudomonas sp. Plant Physiol. 96:928-936
Garbeva P, Overbeek LS, Vuurde JW, Elsas JD (2001) Analysis of Endophytic Bacterial Communities of Potato by Plating and Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) of 16S rDNA Based PCR Fragments. Microbial Ecology 41:369-383
Gardner JM, Feldman AW, Zablotowiez RM (1982) Identity and behavior of xylem-residing bacteria in rough lemon of Florida citrus tress. Appl Environ Microbiol. 43:1335-1342
Gerhardson B (2002) Biological substitutes for pesticides. Trends Biotechnol. 20:338-343
Glick B (1995) The enhancement of plant growth by free-living bacteria. Can J Microbiol. 41:109-117
Glick BR, Jacobson CB, M.M.K. S (1994) 1-aminocycclopropane- 1-carboxylic acid deaminase mutants of the plant growth promoting rhizoberium Pseudomonas putida GR 12-2 do not stimulate canola root elonggation Can J Microbilo. 40:911-915
Glick BR, Karaturoviv DM, Newell PC (1995) A novel procedure for rapid isolation of plant growth promoting pseudomonas. Can J Mierobio141:535-536
Gnanamanickam SS (2006) Plant-Associated Bacteria. Springer
Good IL (1953) The population frequencies of species and the estimation of population parameters. Biometrika 40:237-264
Goto K Matsubara H, Mochida K, Matsumara T, Hara Y, Niwa M, Yamasato K (2002) AlicyclobaciUus herbarius sp. nov., a novel bacterium containing _-cycloheptane fatty acids, isolated from herbal tea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 52:109-113
Graner G, Persson P, Meijer J, Alstrom S (2003) A study on microbial diversity in different cultivars of Brassica napns in relation to its wilt pathogen, Verticillium longisporum. FEMS Microbiol Lett 224:269-276
Gray EJ, Smith DL (2005) Intracellular and extracellular PGPR: commonalities and distinctions in the plant-bacterium signaling processes. Soil Biol. Biochem. 37:395-412
Haas D, Blumer C, Keel C (2000) Biocontrol ability of fluorescent pseudomonads genetically dissected:importance of positive feedback regulation. Curr. Opin. Bioteclmot. 11:290-297
Hallman JA, Quadt-Hallman W, Mahafee F, Kloepper JW (1997) Bacterial endophytes in agricultural crops. Can J Microbiol. 43:895-914
Harrison L, Teplow DB, Rinaldi M, Strobel G (1991) Pseudomycins, a family of novel peptides from Pseudomonas syringae possessing broad-spectrum antifungal activity. J Gen Microbiol 137:2857-2865
Hashidoko Y, Nakayama T, Homma Y, Tahara S (1999) Structure elucidation of xanthobaccin A, a new antibiotic produced from Stenotrophomonas sp. Strain SB-K88. Tetrahedron Lett. 40:2957-2960
Hass D, Keel C, reimmann C (2002) Signal transduction in plantbeneficial rhizobacteria with biocontrol properties. Antonie Leewenhoek 81:385-395
Heuer HM, Baker KP, Smalla K, Wellington EM (1997) Analysis of actinomycete communities by specific amplification of genes encoding 16S rDNA and gel-eletrophoretic separation in denaturing gradients. Appl Environ Microbiol. 63:3233-3241
Hinton DM, Bacon CW (1995) Enterobacter cloacae is an endophytic symbiont of corn. Mycopathologia 129:117-125
Hollis JP (1951) Bacteria in healthy potato tissue. Phytopathology 41:350-366
Hong SG, Lee KH, Kwak J, Bae KS (2006) Diversity of yeasts associated with Panax ginseng. J Microbio. 44:674-679
Hurek T, Reinhold-Herek B, Van Montage M, Kellenberger E (1994) Root colonization and systemic spreading of Azoarcus sp. Strain BH72 in grasses. J Bacteriol 176:1913-1923
Idris R, Trifonova R, Puschenreiter M, Wenzel WW, Sessitsch A (2004) Bacterial Community Associated with Flowering Plants of the Ni Hyperaccumulator Thlaspi goesingense. Appl Environ Microbiol 70:2667-2677
Janssen PH, Yates PS, Grinton BE, Taylor PM, Sait M (2002) Improved Culturability of Soil Bacteria and Isolation in Pure Culture of Novel Members of the Divisions Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia Appl Environ Microbiol. 68:2391-2396
Joo GJ, Kin YM, Kin ,IT, Rhee IK, Kin JH, Lee IJ (2005) Gibberellins-producing rhizobacteria increase endogenous gibberellius content and promote growth of red peppers. J Microbiol. 43:510-515
Kado CI (1991) Plant pathogenic bacteria. Springer Verlag, New York
Kampfer P, Muller C, Man M, Neef A, Auling G, Bnsse H-J, Osborn AM, Stolz A (1999) Description of Pseudaminobacter gen. nov. with two new species, Pseudaminobacter salicylatoxidans sp. nov. and Pseudaminobacter defluvii sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 49:887-897
Kawaguchi A, Uemura N, Oknda S (1986) Characterization of the fatty acid synthetase system of Curtobacterium pusillum. J Biochem(Tokyo) 99:1735-1742
Kin BS, Moon SS, Hwang BK (1999) Isolation, identification and antifungal activity of a macrolide antibiotic, oligomycin A, produced by Streptomyces libani. Can J Bot. 77:850-858
Kin HB, Park M J, Yang HC, An DS, Jin HZ, Yang DC (2006) Burkholderia ginsengisoli sp. nov., a beta-glucosidase-producing bacterium isolated from soil of a ginseng field. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56:2529-2533
Kim MK, Im WT, In JG, Kim SH, Yang DC (2006) Thermomonas koreensis sp. nov., a mesophilic bacterium isolated from a ginseng field, Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56:1615-1619
Kloepper JW, Beauchamp CJ (1992) A review of issues related to measuring colonization of plant roots by bacteria. Can J Microbiol 38:1219-1232
Kloepper JW, Lifshitz R, Seller FM (1989) Free living bacterial inocula for enhancing crop productivity. Trend Biotechnol 7:39-43
Lane DJ (1991) 16S/23S rRNA sequencing. . John Willey and Sons Ltd., Chichester, England
Lee JW, Im WT, Kin MK, Yang DC (2006) Lysobacter koreensis sp. nov., isolated from a ginseng field. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56:231-235
Leifert C, Morris CE, Waites WM (1994) Ecology of microbial saprophytes and pathogens in tissue culture and fieldgrown plants: reasons for contamination problems in vitro. Crit Rev Plant Sci. 13:139-183
Leifson E (1962) The bacterial flora of distilled and stored water. Ⅲ. New species of the genera Corynebacterium, Flavobacterium, Spirillum and Pseudomonas. Int Bull Bacteriol Nomencl Taxon 12:161-170
Lenchtmann A (1992) Systematics, distribution, and host specificity of grass endophytes. Natural Toxins 1:150-162
Leveau JILI http://www'nioo'knaw'nl/PPAGES/ileveau/# 11188263-1022-1323-3B5A9688734DOD 1F.
Lewis FJ (1924)An endotrophic fungus in the Coniferae. Nature Bioteehnology 114:860
Liesack W, Weyland H, Stackebrandt E (1991) Potential risks of gene amplification by PCR as determined by 16S rDNA analysis of a mixed culture of strict barophilie bacteria. Mierob. Ecol. 21:191-198
Lima HS, Kim YS, Kim SD (1991) Pseudomonas stutzeri YPL-1 genetic transformation and antifungal mechanism against Fusarium solani, an agent of plant root rot. Appl Environ Microbiol. 57: 510-516
Lin QM, Im WT, Lee M, Yang DC, Lee ST (2006) Dyadobacter ginsengisoli sp. nov., isolated from soil of a ginseng field. Crit Rev Plant Sci. 56:1939-1944
Liu WT, Marsh TL, Cheng H, Forney LJ (1997) Characterization of microbial diversity by determining terminal restriction fiagment length polymorphisms of genes encoding 16S rRNA Appl Environ Microbiol 63:4516-3512
Lodewyekx C, Vangronsveid J, Porteons F, Moore ERB, Taghavi S, Mezgeay M, Lelie DVD (2002) Endophytic bacteria and their potential applications. Crit Rev Plant Sci. 21:583-606
Logan NA, Berkeley RCW (1984) Identification of Bacillus strains using the API system. J Gen Mierobiol. 130:1871-1882
Ludwig W, Strunk O, Klugbaner S, Weizenegger M, Neumaier J, Bachleitner M, Schleifer KH (1998) Bacterial phylogeny based on comparative sequence analysis. Electrophoresis 19:554-568
Lugtenberg BJJ, Dekkers L, Bloemberg GV (2001) Molecular determinants of rhizosphere colonization by Pseudomonas. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 39:461-490
Ma Y, Xue Y, Grant WD, Collins NC, Duckworth AW, van Steenbergen RP, Jones BE (2004) Alkalimonas amylolytica gen. nov., sp. nov., and Alkalimonas delamerensis gen. nov., sp. nov., novel alkaliphilic bacteria from soda lakes in China and East Africa. Extremophiles 8:193-200
Maltsev II, Kalinovskii AI, Zgurskaya HI, Evtushenko LI (1992) Tyvelose in Agromyces cell walls. Syst Appl Microbiol 15:187-189
Marmur J (1961) A procedure for the isolation of DNA from micro-organism. J Mol Biol 3:208-218
Marmur J, Doty P (1962) Determination of base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid from its denaturation temperature. J Mol Biol 5: 109-118
Massol-Deya AA, Odelsonn D.A., Hickey, R.F., Tiedje, J.M. (1995) Bacterial community fingerprinting of amplified 16S and 16-23S ribosomal DNA gene sequence and restriction endonuclease analysis (ADRDA), Vol 2. KluwerAcademic Publications
Matheson AVSaBG (1995) Populations of endophytic bacteria which influence host-resistance to Erwinia-induced bacterial soft rot in potato t. Plant and Soil 184:165-271
Mathieu-Daude F, Welsh, J., Vogt, T. & McClelland, M. (1996) DNA rehybridization during PCR the 'C_ot effect' and its consequences. Nucleic Acids Res 24:2080-2086
Mayak S, Tirosh T, Glick BR (2004) Plant gowth-promoting bacteria confer resistance in tomato plants to salt stress. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 42:565-572
McInroy JA, and Kloepper, J.W. (1995) Survey of indigenous bacterial endophytes from cotton and sweet corn. Plant and Soil 173:337-342
McInroy JA, Kloepper JW (1995) Survey of indigenous bacterial endophytes from cotton and sweet corn Plant and Soil 173:337-342
McInroy JA, Klopper JW (1995) Population dynamics of endophytic bacteria in field-grown sweet corn and cotton. Can J Microbiol. 41:895-901
Mergaert J, Anderson C, Wouters A, Swings J (1994) Microbial degradation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) in compost. J Polym Environ. 2:177-183
Miller RV, Miller, C.M., Garton-Kinney, D. (1998) Ecomycins, unique antimycotics from Pseudomonas viridiflava. J Appl Microbiol 84:937-944
Milner JL, Raffel B, Lethbridge J, Handelsman J (1995) Culture conditions that influence accumulation of zwittermicin A by Bacillus cereus UW85. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 43:685-691
Milner JL, Silo-Suh L, Lee JC, He H, Clardy J, Handelsman J (1996) Production of kanosamine by acillus cereus UW85. Appl Environ Microbiol. 62:3061-3065
Misko AL, Germida IJ (2002) Taxonomic and functional diversity of pseudomonads isolated from the roots of field-grown canola. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 42:399-407
Moenne-Loccoz Y, Tichy HV, O'Donneil A, Simon R, O'Gara F (2001) Impact of 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol-Producing Biocontrol Strain Pseudomonas fluorescens F113 on Intraspecific Diversity of Resident Culturable Fluorescent Pseudomonads Associated with the Roots of Field-Grown Sugar Beet Seedlings. Appl Environ Microbio167:3418-3425
Mullins TD, Britschgi TB, Krest RL, Giovannoni SJ (1995) Genetic comparisons reveal the same unknown bacterial lineages in Atlantic and Pacific bacterioplankton communities. Limnol Oceanogr 40:148-158
Muyzer G, Waal EC, Uitterlinden AG (1993) Profiling of complex microbial populations by denaturing gradient gel electropboresis analysis of polymerase chain reactionamplified genes encoding for 16S rRNA. Appl Environ Microbiol 59:695-700
Myers RM, Fischer SG, Lemman LS (1985) Nearly all single base substitutions in DNA fragments joined to a GC clamp can be detected by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Nucleic Acids Res., 13: 3131-3145
Nakaama T, Homma Y, Hashidoko Y, Mizutani J, Tahara S (1999) Possible role of xanthobaccins produced by Stenotrophomonas sp. Strain SB-K88 in suppression of sugar beet damping-off disease. Appl Environ Microbiol. 65:4334-4339
Negishi C (1968) Proliferative effects of ginseng root extract on bifidus bacillus. Nippon Shonika Gakkai Zasshi 72:1275-1284
Nelson YM, Lion LW, Shuler ML, Ghiorse WC,. (1999) Lead binding to metal oxide and organic phases of natural aquatic biofilms Limnol. Limno Oceanogr 44: 1715～1729
Newton JA, Fray RG (2004) Integration of environmental and host-derived signals with quorum sensing during plant-microbe interactions. Cell Microbiol. 6:213-224
Nielsen TH, Sorensen D, Tobiasen C, Andersen JB, Christenphersen C, Givskov M, Sorensen J (2002) Antibiotic and biosurfactant properties of cyclic lipopeptides produced by fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. From the sugar beet rhizosphere. Appl Environ Microbiol. 68:3416-3423
Nielsen TH, Sorensen J (2003) Production of cyclic lipopeptides by Pseudomonss fluorescens strains in bulk soil and in the sugar beet rhizosphere. Appl Environ Microbiol. 69:861-868
Nowak J, Asiedn SK, Lazarovits G, Pillay V, Stewart A, Smith C, Liu Z (1995) Enhancement of in vitro growth and transplant stress tolerance of potato and vegetable plantlets co-cultured with a plant growth promoting pseudomonad bacterium. Commissariat a l'energie atomique, France
Nowak J, Shulaev V (2003) Priming for transplant stress resistance in in vitro propagation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 39:107-124
Olesen BH, Avci R, Lewandowski Z (2000) Manganese dioxide as a potential cathodic reactant in corrosion of stainless steels. Corrosion Sci. 42:211-227
Ordetlich A, Elad Y, Chet I (1988) The role of chitinase of Serratia marcescens in biocontrol of Sclerotium rolfsii. Phytopathology 78:84-88
Pace NR, Stahl DA, Lane DJ, Oisen GJ (1986) The analysis of natural microbialpopulation populations by ribosomal RNA sequence. Adv Microbial Ecology 9:1-55
Park M J, Kim HB, An DS, Yang HC, Oh ST, Chung HJ, Yang DC (2007) Paenibacillus soli sp. nov., a xylanolytic bacterium isolated from soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 57:146-150
Polz MF, Cavanaugh CM (1998) Bias in template to product ratios in multitemplate PCR. Appl Environ Microbiol 64:3724-3730
Postma J, Montanari M, van den Boogert PHJF (2003) Microbial enrichment to enhance the disease suppressive activity of compost. Eur J soil Biol. 39:157-163
Qiu F, Huang Y, Sun L, Zhang X, Liu Z, Song W (2007) Leifsonia ginsengi sp. nov., isolated from ginseng root. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 57:405-408
Raaijmakers JM, Vlami M, de Souza JT (2002) Antibiotic production by bacterial biocontrol agents. Antonie Leeuwenhoek 81:537-547
Rao TS, Salram TN, Viswanathn B, Nair KVK (2000) Carbon steel corrosion by iron oxidising and sulphate reducing bacteria in a freshwater cooling system. Corrosion Sci. 42:1417-1431
Reddy GSN, Prakash JSS, Srinivas R, Matsumoto GI, Shivaji S (2003) Leifsonia rubra sp. nov. and Leifsonia aurea sp. nov., psychrophiles from a pond in Antarctica. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53: 977-984
Ryu CM, Murphy JF, Mysore KS, Kloepper JW (2004) Plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial systemically protect Arabidopsis thaliana against Cucumber mosaic virus by a salicylic acid and NPRl-independent and jasmonic acid-dependent signaling pathway. The Plant J. 39:381-392
Saitou N, Nei M (1987) The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstruction phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406-425
Schleifer KH, Kandler O (1972) Peptidoglycan types of bacterial cell walls and their taxonomic implications. Bacteriol Rev 36:407-477
Schneegurt MA, Kulpa CF (1998) The application of molecular techniques in environmental biotechnology for monitoring microbial systems. Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 27:73-79
Sekiguchi H, Tomioka N, Nakahara T, Uehiyama H (2001) A single band does not always represent single bacterial strains in denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis. Biotechnology Letters 23: 1205-1208
Sessitsch A, Reiter B, Berg G (2004) Endophytic bacterial communities of field-grown potato plants and their plant growth-promoting and antagonistic abilities. Can J Microbiol. 50:239-249
Sessitseh A, Reiter B, Pfeifer U, Wilhelm E (2002) Cultivation-independent population analysis of bacterial endophytes in three potato varieties based on eubacterial and Actinomycetes-specific PCR of 16S rRNA genes. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 39:23-32
Seymour FA, Cresswell Jig, Fisher PJ, Lappin-Scott HM, Hang H, Talbot NJ (2004) The influence of genotypic variation on metabolite diversity in populations of two endophytic fungal species. Fungal Genet Biol 41:721-734
Shu W, Yoshimatsu K, Yamaguchi H, Shimomura K (1999) High production of ginsenosides by transformed root cultures of Panax ginseng: effect of basal medium and Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains. Kokuritsu Iyakuhin Shokuhin Eisei Kenkynsho Hokoku 117:148-154
Skerman VBD, McGowen V, Sheath PHA (1980) Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Evol Bacteriol. 30:225-420
Spiegelman D, Whissell G, Greer CW (2005) A survey of the methods for the characterization of microbial consortia and communities. Can J Microbiol. 51
Stach JE, Bathe S, Clapp JP, Burns RG (2001) PCR-SSCP comparison of 16S rDNA sequence diversity in soil DNA obtained using different isolation and purification methods FEMS Microbiol Ecol 36:139-151
Streshinskaya GM, Naumova IB, Panina LI (1979) Cell wall composition of Streptomyces chrysomallus producing the antibiotic aurantin. Mikrobiologiya 48:814-819
Strobel G, Daisy B, Castillo U, Harper J (2004) Natural products from endophytic microorganisms. J Nat prod 67:257-268
Sturz AV, Christie BR, Mathesion BG, Arsenault WJ, Buchaan NA (1999) Endophytic bacterial commuities in the epiderm of potato tubers and tyeir potential to improve resistance to soil-borne plant pathogens. Plant Pathol. 48:360-369
Sturz AV, Christie BR, Matheson BG (1995) The role of endophytic bacteria during seed piece decay and potato turberization. Plant and Soil 175:257-263
Sturz AV, Christie BR, Matheson BG (1998) Association of bacterial endophyte populations from red clover and potato crops with potential for beneficial allelopathy. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 44:162-167
Sturz AV, Christie BR, Nowak J (2000) Bacterial endophytes: potential role in developing sustainable systems of crop production. Crit Rev Plant Sci. 19:1-30
Surette MA, Sturz AV, Lada RR, Nowak J (2003) Bacterial endophytes in processing carrots (Dancus carota L. var. sativus): their localization, population density, biodiversity and their effects on plant growth. Plant and Soil 253:381-390
Suzuki KI, Suzuki M, Sasaki J, Park YH, Komagata K (1999) Leifsonia gen. nov., a genus for 2,4-diaminobutyric acid-containing actinomycetes to accommodate "Corynebacterium aquaticum" Leifson 1962 and Clavibacter xyli susp. cynodontis Davis et al. 1984. J Gen Appl Microbiol 45: 253-262
Tabata K AH, Doi Y. (2000) Microbial degradation of poly(aspartic acid) by two isolated strains of Pedobaeter sp. and Sphingomonas sp. Biomacromolecules 1:157-161
Taechowisan T, Lu C, Shen Y, Lumyong S (2005) Secondary metabolites from endophytic Streptomyces aureofaciens CMUAc130 and their antifungal activity. Microbiology 151:1691-1695
Takeuchi M, Hamana K, Akira H (2001) Proposal of the genus Sphingomonas sensu stricto and three new genera, Sphingobium, Novosphingobium and Sphingopyxis, on the basis of phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic analyses. Int J Syst Evol Microbinl. 51:1405-1417
Talaat AM, Trucksis, M., Kane, A.S., Reimschuessei, R. (1999) Pathogenicity of Mycobacterium fortuitmn and Mycobacterium smegmatis to goldfish, Carassius auratus. Vet Microbiol. 66:151-164
Ten LN, Back SH, Im WT, Lee M, Oh HW, Lee ST (2006) Paenibacillus panacisoli sp. nov., a xylanolytic bacterium isolated from soil in a ginseng field in South Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56:2677-2681
Ten LN, Back SH, Im WT, Llu QM, Aslam Z, Lee ST (2006) Bacillus panaciterrae sp. nov., isolated from soil of a ginseng field. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56:2861-2866
Ten LN, Liu QM, Im WT, Lee M, Yang DC, Lee ST (2006) Pedobocter ginsengisoli sp. nov., a DNase-producing bacterium isolated from soil of a ginseng field in South Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 65:2565-2570
Tervet IWaH, J. P. (1948) Bacteria in the storage organs of healthy plants. Phytopathology 38:960-967
Tholozan JL, Cappelier JM, Tissier JP, Delattre G, Federighi M (1999) Physiological Characterization of Viable-but-Nonculturable Campylobacter jejuni Cells. Appl Environ Microbiol. 65:1110-1116
Thompson JD, Gison TJ, Plewniak F, Jeanmougin F, Higgins DG (1997) The CLUSTAL X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res., 25:4876-4882
Toyoda H, Utsumi R (1991) Method for the prevention of Fusarium diseases and microorganisms used for the same. In, U.S.
Van Buren AM, Andren C, Ishimaru CA (1993) Biological control of the bacterial ring rot pathogen by endophytic bacteria isolated form potato. Phytopathology 83:1406-1410
Van Peer R, Punte HLM, de Weger LA, Schippers B (1990) Characterization of root surface and endorhizosphere pseudomenads in relation to their colonization of roots. Appl Environ Microbiol. 56:2462-2470
Von Bodman SB, Bauer WD, Coplin DL (2003) Quorum sensing in plant-pathogenic bacteria. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 41:455-482
Von Bulow JFW, Dobereiner J (1975) Potential for nitrogen fixation in maize genotypes in Brazil. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 72: 2389-2393.
von Wintzingerode F, Gobel UB, Stackebrandt E (1997) Determination of microbial diversity in environmental samples: pitfalls of PCR-based rRNA analysis. FEMS Microbiol Rev 21:213-229
Walker MJ, Birch RG, Pemberton JM (1988) Cloning and characterization of an albicidin resistance gene from Klebsiella oxytoca. Mol. Microbiol. 2:443-454
Wang ET, van Berkum P, Beyene D, Sni XH, Dorado O, Chen WX, Martinez-Romero E (1998) Rhizobium huantlense sp. nov., a symbiont of Sesbania herbacea that has a close phylogenetic relationship with Rhizobium galegae. Int J Syst Evol Bacteriol. 48:687-699
Washington WS, Hood V, Stewart-Wade S (1999) Phomopsis castanea, a Seed-borne Endophyte in Chestnut Trees. Austral J Botany 47:77-84
Welbaum G, Sturz AV, Dong Z, Nowak J (2004) Fertilizing soil microorganisms to improve productivity of agroecosystems. Crit Rev Plant Sci. 23:175-193
Weon HY, Kim BY, Yoo SH, Lee SY, Kwon SW, Go S J, Staekebrandt E (2006) Niastella koreensis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Niastella yeongjuensis sp. nov., novel members of the phylum Bacteroidetes, isolated from soil cultivated with Korean ginseng. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56:1777-1782
Whipps JM (2001) Microbial interactions and biocontrol in the rhizosphere. J. Exp. Bot. 52:487-511
Whitesides SK, and Sports, R. A. (1991) Frequency, distribution, and characteristics of endophytic Pseudomonas syringae in peax trees. Phtopathology 81:453-457
Wilson D (1995) Endophyte: the evolution of a term, and clarification of its use and definition. Oikos. 73:274-276.
Wn C, Ln X, Qin M, Wang Y, Ruan J (1989) Analysis of menaquinone compound in microbial cells by HPLC. Microbiology (English translation of Mikrobiologia) 16:176-178
Yang CH, Crowley DE (2000) Rhizosphere microbial community structure in relation to root location and plant iron nutritional status. Appl Environ Microbio166:345-351
Yang DC, Im WT, Kim MK, Lee ST (2005) Pseudoxanthomonas koreensis sp. nov. and Pseudoxanthomonas daejeonensis sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 55:787-791
Yang DC, Im WT, Kim MK, Ohta H, Lee ST (2006) Sphingomonas soli sp. nov., a beta-glucosidase-producing bacterium in the family Sphingomonadaceae in the alpha-4 subgroup of the Proteobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56:703-707
Yoo SH, Kim BY, Weon HY, Kwon SW, Go SJ, Stackebrandt E (2007) Burkhoideria soli sp. nov., isolated from soil cultivated with Korean ginseng, hat J Syst Evol Microbiol. 57:122-125
Zelles L (1997) Phospholipid fatty acid profiles in selected members of soil microbial communities. J. Gen. Microbiol. 137:2823-2830
Zgurskaya HI, Evtushenko LI, Akimov VN, Kalakoutskii LV (1993) Rathayibacter gen. nov., including the species Rathayibacter rathayi comb. nov., Rathayibacter tritici comb. nov., Rathayibacter iranicus comb. nov., and six strains from annual grasses. Int J Syst Bacteriol 43 143-149
Zhang L, Birch RG (1997) The gene for albicidin detoxification from Pantoea dispersa encodes an esterase and attenuates pathogenicity of Xanthomonas albilineans to sugarcane. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 94:9984-9989
Zhang T, Fan X, Hanada S, Kamagata Y, Fang H (2006) Bacillus macauensis sp. nov., a long-chain bacterium isolated from a drinking water supply, hat J Syst Evol Microbiol. 56:349-353
Zinniel DK, Lambrecht P, Harris NB, Feng Z, Kuczmarski D, Higley P, Ishimaru CA, Arunakumari A, Barletta RG, Vidaver AK (2002) Isolation and characterization of endophytic colonizing bacteria from agronomic crops and prairie plants. Appl Environ Microbiol 68:2198-2208
白容霖(2002)人参9种病害的症状和病原物．吉林农业大学学报24：78-81
白容霖，潘丽梅，刘伟成(2000)吉林省人参细菌性软腐病病原．人参研究27：63-68
东秀珠，蔡妙英(2001)常见细菌系统鉴定手册．科学出版社
冯永君，宋未(2001)植物内生细菌．自然杂志23：249-252
耿毅，汪开毓，陈德芳，黄小丽(2006)嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌研究进展．动物医学进展27：28
何红，蔡学清，陈玉森，沈兆昌，关雄，胡方平(2002)辣椒内生枯草芽孢杆菌BS-2和BS-1防治香蕉炭疽病．福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)
何劲，刘蕴哲，康冀川(2006)植物内生菌及其在农业和医学上的用途．贵州农业科学
黄华，彭常军，李彬，徐传彬，高田全，陆淼泉(2005)人苍白杆菌分离株部分生物学性状的研究．中华检验医学杂志28：1022-1024
吉林人参研究院人参技术推广站(2005)不同时期传染性人参病害、防治药剂及方法(概要)．人参研究：48
贾晓娟，郭丽芸，刘毅，焦庆才(2006)巨大芽抱杆菌酶法转化制备D·苯丙氨酸．化学世界：281-285
金欣，陈尹，张姚佟，杜周(2004)诊治1例缺陷短波单胞菌所致肺部感染．中华医院感染杂志14：1191-1192
黎万奎，胡之璧(2005)内生菌与天然药物．中国天然药物3：193-199
赖娅娜(2004)抗真菌多肽捷安肽素发酵条件的研究．应用与环境生物学报10：231—235
李刚，姜晓莉(2001)人参根际微生态研究进展．特产研究：在49-50
李萌，张海涛，虞星炬，金美芳，张卫(2003)蔬菜内生菌的分离及其生防功能初探．江苏农业科学：60-64
李艳琴，申泉，刘彬彬，张华，赵立平(2003)番茄内生菌分离及其ERIC-PCR指纹图谱分析．微生物学通报30：89—93
林蓉金(2004)59例偶发分支杆菌医院感染病人的护理．护理学杂志19：28-29
刘志恒主编(2002)现代微生物学．科学出版社，北京
龙良鲲，肖崇刚(2003)内生细菌01-144在番茄根茎内定殖的初步研究．微生物学通报30：53-56
娄子恒，金慧，潘晓鹏，王明芝，张引，魏建华(2002)几种常见人参、西洋参病虫害及其防治．人参研究14：42-44
明惠青，李莉(2006)甲胺磷降解菌的筛选及降解特性研究微生物学杂志26：60-62
漆艳香谢，张辉强，朱水芳，肖启明，廖晓兰(2005)香蕉细菌性枯萎病菌实时荧光PCR检测方法的建立．华南热带农业大学学报：1-5
曲宝成，孙军德，冯敏(2004)番茄灰霉病内生拮抗细菌的分离筛选初报．微生物学杂志24：62-64
任安芝，高玉葆(2001)植物内生真菌—一类应用前景广阔的资源微生物．微生物学通报28：90-93
任海燕，纪树兰，刘志培，王道(2006)17a-乙炔基雌二酵降解菌的分离鉴定及降解特性．环境科学27：1186-1190
孙力军，陆兆新，刘俊，吕凤霞，别小妹，杨胜远(2006)一株产胞外多糖植物内生菌EJS-3菌株的分离和鉴定．食品科学
谈家金，向红琼，冯志新(2003)马尾松内生细菌与松材线虫病关系的初步研究．植物病理学报
唐景春，Katayama A(2004)醌类图谱分析在环境微生物生态测定中的应用．应用与环境生物学报10：530—536
王永中，肖亚中(2001)植物内生菌及其活性代谢产物．生物学杂志21：1-5
杨海群，谭周进，肖启明，何可佳(2004)假单胞菌的生物防治作用研究．中国生态农业学报12：158-161
杨胜远，陆兆新，孙力军，别小妹，吕凤霞，曾晓雄(2007)产谷氨酸脱羧酶金银花内生菌的鉴定及其转化特性研究．食品科学28：196—202
杨阳，何随成，张丽，张斌(2002)抗人参真菌病害的链霉菌的摇瓶发酵试验．微生物学杂志22：56-58
杨依军，武侠，赵曰丰(1997)人参、西洋参根病生物防治．特产研究1：30-33
杨正强，张耀兮，陈小静，赵明，王一丁(2006)华重楼内生菌SS02的分离与抗菌活性的初步研究．微生物学通报33：54-57
张惠文，张倩茹，周启星，张成刚(2003)分子微生物生态学及其研究进展．应用生态学报12：286-292
张晓洁，查岭生，陈小静，冯定胜，王一丁(2006)一株产重楼皂甙内生细菌的分离与鉴定．微生物学通报33：84-88
庄玉辉(1994)非结核分支杆菌的致病性与鉴定技术的研究进展．中国防痨杂志16：185-188