规则引擎在学分制教务管理系统中的应用研究
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摘要
进入21世纪,中国的高等教育迎来了一个新的发展阶段。教务管理是高校管理工作的核心部分,随着教学体制的不断改革,尤其是目前进行的高校学分制教学改革的不断深入和全面推进,高校教务管理工作面临着新的挑战。相比传统学年制下的教务管理,学分制教务管理工作变得更加复杂和繁重,传统的教务管理系统已经不能适应学分制教务管理灵活多变的特点。因此,根据学分制的特点,开发完善适应学分制的教务管理软件系统,是目前的当务之急。
规则引擎由基于规则的专家系统发展而来,其核心部分推理引擎由高效的改进Rete算法实现。规则引擎的特点是,能将业务逻辑中的业务规则分离出来,形成独立的业务规则模块;业务规则的开发与管理可由业务管理人员来实现。从而提高了软件系统的灵活性与适应性。
本论文首先论述了规则引擎的基本概念与工作原理,分析了学分制及其教务管理的特点,提出将规则引擎应用于高校教务管理系统中,分离学分制教务管理中的业务规则,提高系统灵活性和适应性,降低系统维护成本;并以基于规则的技术为学生的学习过程提供指导、监督以及个性化的资源与信息推荐服务,从而构建适应学分制的高校教务管理系统。本文给出了规则引擎在学分制教务管理系统中的应用模型、集成体系结构以及应用实例。
Along with enters the 21st century, Chinese high education ushers in a new development stage. Education administration management, which is the core part of the higher education management, is facing the new challenge with the reform of teaching system, especially with the continuous deepening and comprehensively push forward of the reform in credit education. The Credit education administration management has become more complex and onerous comparing with the education administration management under traditional Academic-year System, which has been unable to meet the flexibility characteristics of the credit education administration management. Therefore, the present urgency is to develop and improve software system of education administration management in order to adapt to the credit education administration management according to the characteristics of the credit system.
Rule engine develops from the Rule-based Expert System, the inference engine, of which is the core part, can be realized by the improved Rete algorithm.The characteristics of the rule engine is that it can form an independent module through separating the business rules from the business logic, and then make the business managers implement the development and management of the business rules, by which can enhance the flexibility and adaptability of the software system finally.
The paper first discusses the basic concepts and principle of rule engine, and analyses features of the credit education administration management, brings forward the concept applied the rule engine in the credit education management system, to separate the rules of credit education administration management, improve flexibility and adaptability of the system, and reduce maintenance costs of the system; and using rules-based technology to provide guidance, supervision, as well as personalized resources and information referral services to the learning process for students, so constructs the administration management system which adapt to the credit administration management. The paper gives the application model, integrated architecture and application examples of the rule engine in the credit administration management system.
规则引擎由基于规则的专家系统发展而来,其核心部分推理引擎由高效的改进Rete算法实现。规则引擎的特点是,能将业务逻辑中的业务规则分离出来,形成独立的业务规则模块;业务规则的开发与管理可由业务管理人员来实现。从而提高了软件系统的灵活性与适应性。
本论文首先论述了规则引擎的基本概念与工作原理,分析了学分制及其教务管理的特点,提出将规则引擎应用于高校教务管理系统中,分离学分制教务管理中的业务规则,提高系统灵活性和适应性,降低系统维护成本;并以基于规则的技术为学生的学习过程提供指导、监督以及个性化的资源与信息推荐服务,从而构建适应学分制的高校教务管理系统。本文给出了规则引擎在学分制教务管理系统中的应用模型、集成体系结构以及应用实例。
Along with enters the 21st century, Chinese high education ushers in a new development stage. Education administration management, which is the core part of the higher education management, is facing the new challenge with the reform of teaching system, especially with the continuous deepening and comprehensively push forward of the reform in credit education. The Credit education administration management has become more complex and onerous comparing with the education administration management under traditional Academic-year System, which has been unable to meet the flexibility characteristics of the credit education administration management. Therefore, the present urgency is to develop and improve software system of education administration management in order to adapt to the credit education administration management according to the characteristics of the credit system.
Rule engine develops from the Rule-based Expert System, the inference engine, of which is the core part, can be realized by the improved Rete algorithm.The characteristics of the rule engine is that it can form an independent module through separating the business rules from the business logic, and then make the business managers implement the development and management of the business rules, by which can enhance the flexibility and adaptability of the software system finally.
The paper first discusses the basic concepts and principle of rule engine, and analyses features of the credit education administration management, brings forward the concept applied the rule engine in the credit education management system, to separate the rules of credit education administration management, improve flexibility and adaptability of the system, and reduce maintenance costs of the system; and using rules-based technology to provide guidance, supervision, as well as personalized resources and information referral services to the learning process for students, so constructs the administration management system which adapt to the credit administration management. The paper gives the application model, integrated architecture and application examples of the rule engine in the credit administration management system.
引文
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[2] Colleen Frye. Application Development Trends - Business rules are back. http://www.adtmag.com/article.aspx?id=6492, 2002-07-01
[3] Dr.COM 广电综合业务规则引擎. http://tech.c114.net/222/a232767.html, 2007-11-07
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[26]熊志翔. 高等教育制度创新论. 广州:广东高等教育出版社,2002,155-156
[27]William M.Ulrich. 传统系统转化策略. 陈逸,邓文. 北京:科学出版社,2004, 236-241
[28]湖南大学本科学生选择专业管理办法(讨论稿).湖南大学学分制教学改革与管理工作专题研讨会会议材料. 湖南大学教务处,2007,3-7
[29]曾春,邢春晓,周立柱.个性化服务技术综述.软件学报,2002,13(10):1953-1957
[30]柴晓路,梁宇奇.Web Services 技术、架构和应用. 北京:电子工业出版社, 2003, 1-425
[31]Rima Patel Sriganesh,Geralad Brose,Micah.精通 EJB3.0.罗时飞.北京:电子工业出版社,2007,91-102
[32]喻坚,韩燕波.面向服务的计算——原理和应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2006, 27-28
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[34] Greg Flurry, Manish Modh.Web services development patterns. http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/library/techarticles/0511_flurry/0511_flurry.html?S_TACT=105AGX52&S_CMP=cn-a-wes, 2005-11-02
[35] Christopher Steel, Ramesh Nagappan, Ray Lai. 安全模式:J2EE、Web 服务和身份管理最佳实践与策略. 陈秋萍,罗邓,袁国忠. 北京:机械工业出版社2006,395
[36] Eric Newcomer,Greg Lomow. Understanding SOA with Web Services 中文版. 徐涵. 北京:电子工业出版社,2007,313-346
[37]叶达峰.Eclipse 编程技术与实例. 北京:人民邮电出版社,2006,1-135
[38] MyEclipse 概述. http://groups.csdn.net/Eclipse/topic/d321cbc4-d194-4efb-a82d- 73ce97d5fd2d.aspx, 2008-2-19
[39] Deepal Jayasinghe. 使用 Axis2 进行 SOA 开发,第 1 部分:了解 Axis2 基础. http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-soa-axis2-1/, 2006-12-28
[40] Richard Monson-Haefel. J2EE Web Services 高级编程. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2005,1-122
[41] Apache Axis2 User's Guide. http://ws.apache.org/axis2/1_3/contents.html, 2007-08-13
[2] Colleen Frye. Application Development Trends - Business rules are back. http://www.adtmag.com/article.aspx?id=6492, 2002-07-01
[3] Dr.COM 广电综合业务规则引擎. http://tech.c114.net/222/a232767.html, 2007-11-07
[4] CHINABI. 应用分析:如何规则业务才能为 BI 添智能. http://industry.ccidnet.com/art/10/20070528/1092681_1.html, 2007-05-28
[5] ILOG JRules. http://www.ilog.com/products/jrules/, 2007-11-15
[6] VisualRules For Java. http://www.flagleader.com/index.jsp, 2004-7-25
[7] IntelliRule 业务规则管理系统 LongTop intelliRule overview. http://www.intelliflow.com.cn/Article_Class_3.asp?ClassID=11&code=2, 2006-12-14
[8] Daniel Jobst, Rainer von Ammon, Benjamin Gebauer.Business Rules Engines Within Enterprise Platforms. http://dev2dev.bea.com/pub/a/2005/04/business_rules_engines.html,2005-4-25
[9] Mark Linehan. SOA programming model for implementing Web services, Part 9: Integrating rules with SOA. http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/ws-soa-progmodel9/index.html?S_TACT=105AGX52&S_CMP=cn-a-ws, 2005-11-29
[10] Ronald G. Ross. Principles of the Business Rule Approach. Addison-Wesley Pub Co, 2003-01-30, 173-185
[11] Joseph C.Giarratano, Gary D.Riley.专家系统原理与编程. 印鉴,陈忆群,刘星成. 北京:机械工业出版社,2006,1-340
[12]蔡自兴,徐光祐. 人工智能及其应用. 北京:清华大学出版社,2004,200-210
[13] Java 规则引擎与其 API 应用详解. http://dev.yesky.com/300/2318300.shtml, 2006-03-01
[14] Java 规则引擎工作原理及其应用. http://www.builder.com.cn/2007/1013/550919.shtml, 2007-10-13
[15]Ahmed Abulsorour, Siva Visveswaran. Business process automation made easy with Java.http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-09-2002/jw-0906-process.html, 2002-09-06
[16] Drools Documentation. http://downloads.jboss.com/drools/docs/4.0.4.17825.GA/ html/index.html, 2008-01-15
[17] JSR-000094 JavaTM Rule Engine API.http://jcp.org/aboutJava/communityprocess /final/jsr094/index.html, 2004-08-04
[18] Drools API. http://downloads.jboss.com/drools/docs/4.0.4.17825.GA/apidocs/ index.html, 2008-01-15
[19]产生式表示方法. http://baike.baidu.com/history/id=2810783,2007-12-13
[20]耿骞,袁名敦,肖明. 信息系统分析与设计. 北京:高等教育出版社,2001,254
[21]知识表示. http://baike.baidu.com/view/554826.html,2007-12-09
[22]熊卫华. 学分制及其在中国高校的实践:[华中科技大学博士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2003,43-50
[23]湖南大学教务处. 2006 通识教育阶段指导性教学计划安排(讨论稿).2006
[24]湖南大学教务处. 2008 年本科教学工作会议材料汇编. 2008
[25]潘凌理.高校学分制教学管理研究:[湖南大学硕士学位论文]. 长沙:湖南大学,2007,33-50
[26]熊志翔. 高等教育制度创新论. 广州:广东高等教育出版社,2002,155-156
[27]William M.Ulrich. 传统系统转化策略. 陈逸,邓文. 北京:科学出版社,2004, 236-241
[28]湖南大学本科学生选择专业管理办法(讨论稿).湖南大学学分制教学改革与管理工作专题研讨会会议材料. 湖南大学教务处,2007,3-7
[29]曾春,邢春晓,周立柱.个性化服务技术综述.软件学报,2002,13(10):1953-1957
[30]柴晓路,梁宇奇.Web Services 技术、架构和应用. 北京:电子工业出版社, 2003, 1-425
[31]Rima Patel Sriganesh,Geralad Brose,Micah.精通 EJB3.0.罗时飞.北京:电子工业出版社,2007,91-102
[32]喻坚,韩燕波.面向服务的计算——原理和应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2006, 27-28
[33] Harish Gaur,Markus Zirn.BPEL Cookbook.Packt Publishing,2006,63-74
[34] Greg Flurry, Manish Modh.Web services development patterns. http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/library/techarticles/0511_flurry/0511_flurry.html?S_TACT=105AGX52&S_CMP=cn-a-wes, 2005-11-02
[35] Christopher Steel, Ramesh Nagappan, Ray Lai. 安全模式:J2EE、Web 服务和身份管理最佳实践与策略. 陈秋萍,罗邓,袁国忠. 北京:机械工业出版社2006,395
[36] Eric Newcomer,Greg Lomow. Understanding SOA with Web Services 中文版. 徐涵. 北京:电子工业出版社,2007,313-346
[37]叶达峰.Eclipse 编程技术与实例. 北京:人民邮电出版社,2006,1-135
[38] MyEclipse 概述. http://groups.csdn.net/Eclipse/topic/d321cbc4-d194-4efb-a82d- 73ce97d5fd2d.aspx, 2008-2-19
[39] Deepal Jayasinghe. 使用 Axis2 进行 SOA 开发,第 1 部分:了解 Axis2 基础. http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-soa-axis2-1/, 2006-12-28
[40] Richard Monson-Haefel. J2EE Web Services 高级编程. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2005,1-122
[41] Apache Axis2 User's Guide. http://ws.apache.org/axis2/1_3/contents.html, 2007-08-13