去除水中离子液体的方法研究
|
摘要
近年来,离子液体已经逐渐代替传统的有机溶剂被使用于各种化工研究过程。由于离子液体具有蒸汽压低、热稳定性好等特点,被认为是“绿色溶剂”,但这并不意味着离子液体对环境没有任何危害。目前,离子液体对环境的影响方面的研究已有不少,但主要集中在离子液体对不同生物体系毒性的研究,对如何去除水中的离子液体方面的研究还比较少。本文以常见的几种离子液体为对象,研究了四种高级氧化技术对其降解效果；另外,还研究了几种吸附剂对离子液体的吸附行为。主要研究内容包括以下两部分：
(1)选取了1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐([Bmim]Cl)、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([Bmim]PF6)、1,3-二甲基咪唑磷酸二甲酯([Mmim]DMP)三种离子液体,研究了几种高级氧化技术,即Fenton试剂法、Fe/C原电池氧化法和湿式催化氧化法,以及Hoffman化学分解法对离子液体的降解能力,并讨论了各种方法的降解特点和效果。结果表明,Fenton试剂法只能够改变咪唑环阳离子的侧链结构(侧链氧化),而不能完全破坏阳离子结构；[Bmim]Cl和[Bmim]PF6两种离子液体与NaOH溶液混合后在180℃共热24h,[Bmim]阳离子也未发生霍夫曼消除反应转化为易挥发性的有机物,因此,要想使用气相催化燃烧法降解离子液体还需要探索更好的使离子液体气化的方法；负载铁活性炭(Fe/C/水泥复合材料)对离子液体的处理过程中,活性炭的吸附作用占了主导地位,而Fe/C原电池的氧化作用几乎没有体现出来；湿式催化氧化法能够完全破坏[Bmim]Cl的结构,降解效果很好,但是,在高温条件下1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐能够释放出腐蚀性的氯化氢,对设备腐蚀严重。但该方法对离子液体[C1MIm][Me2PO4]的氧化降解效果较差。
(2)研究了蒙脱土、活性白土、人造沸石、活性炭、水滑石五种吸附剂对六种离子液体,即[Bmim]Cl、[Bmim]BF4、[Bmim]PF6、[Bmim]DBP、1-己基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐([Hmim]Cl)和1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐([Omim]Cl)的吸附效果。其中,温度对活性炭的吸附有明显的影响,对蒙脱土、活性白土和人造沸石无明显影响；五种吸附剂对去除水中的[Bmim]Cl效果：蒙脱土>活性白土>活性炭>人造沸石>水滑石,其中,蒙脱土和活性白土的去除效果相差不大,都远远好于活性炭和人造沸石,而水滑石几乎没有吸附作用；蒙脱土对[Bmim]Cl、[Bmim]BF4、[Bmim]PF6及[Bmim]DBP四种离子液体的吸附效果相差不大,说明吸附主要为阳离子交换吸附；蒙脱土对[Bmim]Cl、[Hmim]Cl、[Omim]Cl三种离子液体的平衡吸附量为[Bmim]Cl>[Hmim]Cl>[Omim]Cl,即随着离子液体的阳离子链长的增加,平衡吸附量逐渐减小,因为对于阳离子交换吸附过程,阳离子侧链越长,其离子半径越大,在比表面积和孔容一定的情况下,其达到饱和吸附时所能容纳的阳离子量就越低。
In recent years, room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) have received great attention as primary alternatives to the organic solvents traditionally used in chemical processes. ILs having negligible vapor pressures and stable thermal properties are often regarded as "green solvents", but this does not mean that they are not harmful to the environment. Till now some studies have been reported on their environmental impact in terms of ecotoxicity, in contrast the studies on how to degrade and remove them from aqueous solutions are scarce. In this paper we reported the degradation ability of some ILs by four kinds of advanced oxidation methods and adsorptive removal with six kinds of adsorbents at various operation conditions.The main contents of this research include two parts as follows:
(1)Using three ILs as prototypes, i.e. 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and hexafuorophoshate ([Bmim]Cl and [Bmim]PF6),and 1-methyl-3-methylimidazolium dimethylphosphate ([Mmim]DMP),we studied their degradability by four different approaches, namely advanced oxidation and Hoffman decomposition reaction methods, and compared their performance and characteristics. The results show that (a)Fenton reagent can only change the structure of the alkyl substitute of imidazolium cation of [Bmim]Cl, but not totally destroy the cation or [Bmim]Cl; (b)The cation of ILs [Bmim]Cl and [Bmim]PF6 can not be converted to volatile tertiaryamines by Hoffman reaction at 180℃within 24 h in the presence of NaOH; (c)The removal ability of Fe/active carbon/cements composite for ILs originates predominantly from the adsorption performance of active carbon, while the voltaic oxidation of Fe/C micro cells is negligible; (d)Wet catalytic oxidation at high temperature can completely destroy the structure of [Bmim]Cl leading to the production of HCl and serious sevier corrosion to the steel reacor, however, this method shows a bad degradation ability for [C1MIm][Me2PO4].
(2)The adsorption performance of six adsorbents, namely montmorillonite, activated clay, artificial zeolite, active carbon and hydrotalcite on six ILs are studied, viz. [Bmim]Cl, [Bmim]BF4, [Bmim]PF6, [Bmim]DBP, [Hmim]Cl and [Omim]Cl. The results show that (a) temperature has a profound influence on the adsorption performance of active carbon, but little influence on the remaining adsorbents; (b) For IL [Bmim]Cl, the adsorption ability of the adsorbents follows the order of montmorillonite> activeated clay> active carbon> artificial zeolite> hydrotalcite; and hydrotalcite has no adsorption to the IL studied; (c) Montmorillonite has nearly the same adsorption ability for four ILs with the same cation, i.e. [Bmim]Cl, [Bmim]BF4, [Bmim]PF6, and [Bmim]DBP, indicating that the adsorption is of cation exchange type; (d) The equilibrium adsorption of montmorillonite for three ILs with the same anion followeds the order of [Bmim]Cl>[Hmim]Cl>[Omim]Cl, that is, the equilibrium adsorption decreases gradually with the increase of the sidechain length of the ILs due to the limitation of the pore size of the adsorbents and the increasing size of ILs from [Bmim]Cl to [Omim]Cl.
(1)选取了1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐([Bmim]Cl)、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([Bmim]PF6)、1,3-二甲基咪唑磷酸二甲酯([Mmim]DMP)三种离子液体,研究了几种高级氧化技术,即Fenton试剂法、Fe/C原电池氧化法和湿式催化氧化法,以及Hoffman化学分解法对离子液体的降解能力,并讨论了各种方法的降解特点和效果。结果表明,Fenton试剂法只能够改变咪唑环阳离子的侧链结构(侧链氧化),而不能完全破坏阳离子结构；[Bmim]Cl和[Bmim]PF6两种离子液体与NaOH溶液混合后在180℃共热24h,[Bmim]阳离子也未发生霍夫曼消除反应转化为易挥发性的有机物,因此,要想使用气相催化燃烧法降解离子液体还需要探索更好的使离子液体气化的方法；负载铁活性炭(Fe/C/水泥复合材料)对离子液体的处理过程中,活性炭的吸附作用占了主导地位,而Fe/C原电池的氧化作用几乎没有体现出来；湿式催化氧化法能够完全破坏[Bmim]Cl的结构,降解效果很好,但是,在高温条件下1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐能够释放出腐蚀性的氯化氢,对设备腐蚀严重。但该方法对离子液体[C1MIm][Me2PO4]的氧化降解效果较差。
(2)研究了蒙脱土、活性白土、人造沸石、活性炭、水滑石五种吸附剂对六种离子液体,即[Bmim]Cl、[Bmim]BF4、[Bmim]PF6、[Bmim]DBP、1-己基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐([Hmim]Cl)和1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐([Omim]Cl)的吸附效果。其中,温度对活性炭的吸附有明显的影响,对蒙脱土、活性白土和人造沸石无明显影响；五种吸附剂对去除水中的[Bmim]Cl效果：蒙脱土>活性白土>活性炭>人造沸石>水滑石,其中,蒙脱土和活性白土的去除效果相差不大,都远远好于活性炭和人造沸石,而水滑石几乎没有吸附作用；蒙脱土对[Bmim]Cl、[Bmim]BF4、[Bmim]PF6及[Bmim]DBP四种离子液体的吸附效果相差不大,说明吸附主要为阳离子交换吸附；蒙脱土对[Bmim]Cl、[Hmim]Cl、[Omim]Cl三种离子液体的平衡吸附量为[Bmim]Cl>[Hmim]Cl>[Omim]Cl,即随着离子液体的阳离子链长的增加,平衡吸附量逐渐减小,因为对于阳离子交换吸附过程,阳离子侧链越长,其离子半径越大,在比表面积和孔容一定的情况下,其达到饱和吸附时所能容纳的阳离子量就越低。
In recent years, room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) have received great attention as primary alternatives to the organic solvents traditionally used in chemical processes. ILs having negligible vapor pressures and stable thermal properties are often regarded as "green solvents", but this does not mean that they are not harmful to the environment. Till now some studies have been reported on their environmental impact in terms of ecotoxicity, in contrast the studies on how to degrade and remove them from aqueous solutions are scarce. In this paper we reported the degradation ability of some ILs by four kinds of advanced oxidation methods and adsorptive removal with six kinds of adsorbents at various operation conditions.The main contents of this research include two parts as follows:
(1)Using three ILs as prototypes, i.e. 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and hexafuorophoshate ([Bmim]Cl and [Bmim]PF6),and 1-methyl-3-methylimidazolium dimethylphosphate ([Mmim]DMP),we studied their degradability by four different approaches, namely advanced oxidation and Hoffman decomposition reaction methods, and compared their performance and characteristics. The results show that (a)Fenton reagent can only change the structure of the alkyl substitute of imidazolium cation of [Bmim]Cl, but not totally destroy the cation or [Bmim]Cl; (b)The cation of ILs [Bmim]Cl and [Bmim]PF6 can not be converted to volatile tertiaryamines by Hoffman reaction at 180℃within 24 h in the presence of NaOH; (c)The removal ability of Fe/active carbon/cements composite for ILs originates predominantly from the adsorption performance of active carbon, while the voltaic oxidation of Fe/C micro cells is negligible; (d)Wet catalytic oxidation at high temperature can completely destroy the structure of [Bmim]Cl leading to the production of HCl and serious sevier corrosion to the steel reacor, however, this method shows a bad degradation ability for [C1MIm][Me2PO4].
(2)The adsorption performance of six adsorbents, namely montmorillonite, activated clay, artificial zeolite, active carbon and hydrotalcite on six ILs are studied, viz. [Bmim]Cl, [Bmim]BF4, [Bmim]PF6, [Bmim]DBP, [Hmim]Cl and [Omim]Cl. The results show that (a) temperature has a profound influence on the adsorption performance of active carbon, but little influence on the remaining adsorbents; (b) For IL [Bmim]Cl, the adsorption ability of the adsorbents follows the order of montmorillonite> activeated clay> active carbon> artificial zeolite> hydrotalcite; and hydrotalcite has no adsorption to the IL studied; (c) Montmorillonite has nearly the same adsorption ability for four ILs with the same cation, i.e. [Bmim]Cl, [Bmim]BF4, [Bmim]PF6, and [Bmim]DBP, indicating that the adsorption is of cation exchange type; (d) The equilibrium adsorption of montmorillonite for three ILs with the same anion followeds the order of [Bmim]Cl>[Hmim]Cl>[Omim]Cl, that is, the equilibrium adsorption decreases gradually with the increase of the sidechain length of the ILs due to the limitation of the pore size of the adsorbents and the increasing size of ILs from [Bmim]Cl to [Omim]Cl.
引文
[1]朱海燕,曹祖宾,牟晓刚.室温离子液体的应用[J].化工生产与技术,2006,13(5)：40-42
[2]Wilkes J S.Properties of ionic liquid solvents for catalysis[J].J.Mol.Catal.A:Chem.,2004, 214(1):11-17
[3]Koel M.Ionic liquids in chemical analysis[J].Crit.Rev.Anal.Chem.,2005,35(3):177-192
[4]Kralisch D.,Stark A., Korsten S.,Kreisel G.,Ondruschka B.Energetic, environme- ntal and economic balances:Spice up your ionic liquid research efficiency[J]. Green Chem,2005, 7:301-309
[5]Ranke J,Molter K,Stock F,Bottin-Weber U, Poczobutt J,Hoffinann J,Ondruschka B,Filser J,Jastorff B. Biological effects of imidazolium ionic liquids in acute (Vibrio fischeri) and WST1 cell viability assays[J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.2003,28,:396-404
[6]Latala A.,Stepnowski P,Neii dzi M., Mrozik W. Marine toxicity assessment of imidazolium ionic liquids:acute effects on the Baltic algae (Oocystis submarina) and (Cyclotella meneghiniana).Aquat. Toxicol.2005,73:91-98
[7]Bernot R. J, Brueseke M. A.,Evans White M. A., Lamberti G.A. Acute and chronic toxicity of imidazolium-based ionic liquids on (Daphnia Magna).Environ. Toxicol. Chem.2005,24:87-92
[8]蒋伟艳,余文轴.离子液体的分类、合成及应用[J].金属材料与冶金工程,2008,36(4)：51-54
[9]邓友全.离子液体介质与材料研究进展[J].成果与应用,2005,20(4)：297-300
[10]Pei Y C,Wang J J,Xuan X P. Factors affecting ionic liquids based removal of anionic dyes from water[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2007,41(14):5090-5095
[11]方东,施群荣,巩凯.咪唑型室温离子液体的绿色合成研究[J].化学试剂,2007,29(1)：4-6
[12]石家华,孙逊,杨春和.离子液体研究进展[J].化学通报,2002,(4)：243-250
[13]Tokuda H, Hayamizu K, Ishii K, et al. Physicochemical Prooerties and Structures of Room Temperature Ionic Liquids,1.Variation of Anionic Species [J].J Phys Chem B,2004,108:16593-16600
[14]李汝雄,王建基.离子液体的热物理性质研究进展[J].北京石油化工学院学报,2005,9,13(3)：20-23
[15]李汝雄.离子液体—走向工业化的绿色溶剂[J].现代化工,2003,10(10)：17-21
[16]Stepnowski P, Zaleska A. Comparison of different advanced oxidation processes for the degradation of room temperature ionic liquids [J].Photoch Photobio A:Chem,2005, 170(1):130-135
[17]王少华,王祥荣.离子液体及其应用[J].印染助剂,2007,24(5)：1-5
[18]Varma R S, Namboodiri V V. An Expeditious Solvent Free Route to Ionic Liquids Using Microwaves[J]. Chem Comm un,2001,15(3):643-644
[19]Khadilkar B M,Rebeiro G L.Microwave Assisted Synthesis of Room Temperature Ionic Liquid Precursor in Closed Vessel[J].Org Process Res Dev,2002,6(6):826-828
[20]张虎成,王键吉,轩小朋.室温离子液体混合物的相平衡研究进展[J].化学进展,2006,18(5)：670-679
[21]Jastorff B, Molter K, Behrend P,etal.Progress in evaluation of risk potential of ionic liquids-basis for an eco-design of sustainable products[J].Green Chem,2005, (7)
[22]Burrell A K,Del S,Rico E.The large scale synthesis of pure imidazolium and pyrrolidinium ionic liquids[J].Green Chem,2007,9(7):449-454
[23]Nockemann P,Binnemans K,Driesen K. Purification of imidazolium ionic liquids for spectroscopic applications[J].Chem Phys Lett,2005,415(3):31-136
[24]Roth M.Partitioning behaviour of organic compounds between ionic liquids and supercritical fluids[J].J Chromatogr A,2009,1216(10):1861-1880
[25]ZhaoDongbin,ZhaofuFei,RosarioScopelliti.Synthesis and characterization of ionic liquids incorporating the nitrilef unctionality[J].Inorg Chem,2004,43(6):2197-2205
[26]Pernak J, Sobaszkiewicz K, Mirska I. Anti-microbial activities of ionic liquids [J].Green Chem,2003,(5),281-290
[27]Pernak J,Kalewska J,Ksycinska H.Synthesis and anti-microbial activities of choline-like quaternary ammonium chlorides[J].Eur J Med Chem,2001,36:899-907
[28]Pernak J,Rogoza J,Mirska I.Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of new pyridin- ium and benzimidazolium chlorides[J].Eur J Med Chem,2001,36:313-320
[29]Pernak J,Goc I,Mirska I..Anti-microbial activities of protic ionic liquids with lactate anion[J].Green Chem,2004,7:323-329
[30]Docherty K,Kulpa C F. Toxicity and antimicrobial activity of imidazolium and pyridinium ionic liquids[J].Green Chem,2005,4:185-189
[31]Cieniecka-Roalonkiewicz A, Pernak J, Seddon K R.Synthesis,anti-microbia-1 activities and anti-electrostatic properties of phosphonium-based ionic liquids [J].Green Chem,2005,(7): 3671-3680
[32]柯明,周爱国,宋昭峥,蒋庆哲.离子液体的毒性[J].化学进展,2007,5(5)：672-679
[33]Chul-Woong Cho, et al. Toxicity of imidazolium salt with anion bromide to a phytoplankton Selenastrum capricornutum:Effect of alkyl-chain length[J]. Chemosphere,2007,69,1003-1007
[34]Cho C W,Jeon Y C,Pham T P T,et al.The ecotoxicity of ionic liquids and traditional organie solvents on microalga Selenastrum caprieomutum[J].Ecotoxieology and Environmental Safety, 2008,71(1):166-171
[35]Muchiaki Matsumoto,et al.Toxicity of Ionic Liquids and Organic Solvents to Lactic Acid-Producing Bacteria[J]. J.Bioscience and Bioengineering,2004,98(5),344-347
[36]邱常玲,王兆梅,郭祀远.离子液中蔗渣纤维素的硫酸酯化及抑菌效果研究[J].现代食品科技,2008,24(6)：535-538
[37]Romero A,Santos A,Tojo J,et al.Toxicity and biodegradability of imidazolium ionic liquids[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008,151(1):268-273
[38]Matsumoto M, Mochiduki K, Kondo K. Toxicity of ionic liquids and organic solvents to lactic acid-producing bacteria[J].Biosci Bioeng,2004,98(5):281-285
[39]Allen D, Baston G, Seddon K R. An investigation of the radiochemical stability of ionic liquids[J]. Green Chem.,2002,4:152-158
[40]Swatloski R P, Holbrey J D, Rogers R D. Ionic liquids are not always green:hydrolysis of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate[J]. Green Chem.,2003,5:361-363
[41]Wells A S, Coombe V T. On the freshwater ecotoxicity and biodegradation properties of some common ionic liquids[J].Org.Process Res.Dev.,2006,10:794-798
[42]Gathergood N, Garcia M T, Scammells P J. Biodegradable ionicliquids,Part Ⅰ.Concept, preliminary targets and evaluation[J].Green Chem.,2004,6:166-175
[43]Gathergood N, Scammells P J. Design and preparation of room-temperature ionic liquids containing biodegradable side chains[J].Aust.J.Chem.,2002,55(9):557-560
[44]Garcia M T, Gathergood N, Scammells P J. Biodegradable ionic liquids,Part Ⅱ.Effect of the anion and toxicology[J].Green Chem.,2005,7:9-14
[45]Gathergood N, Scammells P J, Garcia M T,et al. Biodegradable ionic liquids, Part Ⅲ.The first readily biodegradable ionic liquids [J].Green Chem.,2006,8:156-160
[46]Docherty K M, Dixon J K, Kulpa J C F. Biodegradability of imidazolium and pyridinium ionic liquids by an activated sludge microbial community[J]. Biodegradation,2007,18:481-493
[47]Stepnowski P, Zaleska A. Comparison of different advanced oxidation processes for the degradation of room temperature ionic liquids [J].J.Photochem.Photobiol. A,2005,170(1):45-50
[48]Sara Goldstein,Dan Meyesstein,Gidon Czapeld.The Fenton reagents [J].Free Radical Biology and Medicine,1993,15(4):435-445
[49]邹长伟,万金保,彭希珑Fenton试剂和UV_Fenton试剂[J].江西科学,2004,22：246-249
[50]Cloudia Telles Benatti,Celia Regina Granben Tavaes,Terezinha Aparecida Guedes. Optimiation of Fenton's oxidation of chemical laboratory wastewaters using the response surface methodology [J]. Journal of Environmental Management,2006,80(1):66-74
[51]Hui Zhang,Heung Jin Choi,Chin-Pao Huang.Optimization of Fenton Process for the Treatment of Landfill Leachate[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2005,B125:166-174
[52]Josmaria Lopes de Morais,Patricio Peralta Zamora.Use of Advanced Oxidation Processes to Improve the Biodegradability of Mature Landfill Leachates[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2005,B123:181-186
[53]Siedlecka E M,Mrozik W,Kaczynski Z,et al.Degradation of 1-butyl-3-methylimi-dazolium chloride ionic liquid in a Fenton-like system[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008, 154(l-3):893-900
[54]Siedlecka E M,Golebiowski M,Kaczynski Z,et al.Degradation of ionic liquids by Fenton reaction; the effect of anions as counter and baekground ions[J].Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2009,91(1-3):573-579
[55]何毅,王华,李光明.有机废气催化燃烧技术[J].江苏环境科技,2004,1(17)：35-38
[56]沈迪新,胡成南.挥发性有机化合物污染的净化技术[J].中国环保产业,2002,12：33-35
[57]R. Schwiedernoch, S. Tischer, O. Deut schmann. Experimental and numerical investigation of the ignition of methane combustion in a platinum-coated honeycomb monolith[J]. Submitted to the 29th Symposium (Inter-national) on Combustion,2002,5(12):172-180
[58]严文瑶,周希圣,李尔炀.催化氧化法处理医药工业废水[J].工业水处理,2001,21(10)：19-21
[59]Schrick B,Blough J L,Jones A. D,Mallouk T E. Hydrodechlorination of Trichloroethylene to Hdrocarbons Using Metallic Nel-Iron Nanoparticles[J]. Chem. Mater.2002,14,5140-5147
[60]赵雪娜,迟文波,池金志.负载活性炭催化氧化技术及进展[J].城市管理与科技,2004,6(3)：111-115
[61]刘春英,袁存光,张超.载铜活性炭催化氧化深度降解石油污水[J].工业水处理,2001,21(4)：22-31
[62]Liu Xiaoling,Chen Jinyi, Zhou Wentao.Photocatalytic decoloration and degradation of dyeprinting wastewater in Cu2O suspension[J]. Journal of Central China Normal University,2004,36 (4):475-477
[63]Janez Levec,Albin Pintar. Catalytic wet-air oxidation processes:A review. Catalysis Today,2007,13:5080-5090
[64]D. J. DeAngelo, A. Q. Wilhelm. Wet Air Oxidation of Caustic Liquors. Chemic- al Engineering process,1983.79 (3):105-117
[65]张红艳,陆雪梅,刘志英.湿式氧化法处理高盐度难降解农药废水[J].化工进展,2007,26(3)：417-422
[66]Qiu Z M,He Y B,Liu X C.Catalytic oxidation of the dye wastewater with hydrogen peroxide[J].Chemical Engineering and Processing,2005,44:1013-1017
[67]Salesf G,Maranhaolc A,Limaf M. Kinetic evaluation and modeling of lignin catalytic wet oxidation to selective production of aromatic aldehydes[J].Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2006,45(20):6627-6631
[68]Zhang Yongli,Hu Xiaomin,Xing Chao.Influence of operational factors of WAO technology on degradation of methylt hionine chloride watery solution[J] Journal of Ecotechnology Research,2006,12(2)46-48
[69]Quintanilla A, Casas J A, Zazo J A. Wet air oxidation of phenol at mild condition with a Fe/. activated carbon catalyst[J]. App lied Catalysis B:Environmental,2006,62:115-120
[70]ZhuWangpeng, Bin Yuejing, L i Zhonghe. Application of catalytic wet oxidation for the treatment of H-acid manufacturing process wastewater. Water Research,2002,36:1947-1954
[71]唐文伟,曾新平,赵建夫.催化湿式氧化中负载型催化剂的稳定性与应用[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2006,7(12)：132-134
[72]Mesuere K,Fish W. Chromate and oxalate adsorption on goethite.2. Surface complexation modeling of competitive adsorption. Environ. Sci. Technol.1992,26,2365-2370
[73]Ruiz-Angel M. J.,Berthod A. Reversed phase liquid chromatography of alkyl- imidaolium ionic liquids. J. Chromatogr. A,2006,1113,101-108
[74]Li H.,Teppen B. J.,Laird D. A.,Johnston C. T.,Boyd, S. A.Geochemical modulation of pesticide sorption on smectite clay.Environ. Sci. Technol.2004,38,5393-5399
[75]董洁,吴边华.浅谈活性炭的改性及其应用[J].煤质技术,2008, (4)：51-53
[76]戴爱丽,徐玲,胡正信.应用粉末活性炭处理微污染原水的探讨[J].工业水处理,2005,25(12)54-55
[77]Chae, S. Evaluation of drinking water treatment processes focusing on natural organic matter removal and on disinfection by product formation [J].Water Sci ence and Technology:Water Supply,2002,2(5-6):459-464
[78]陈建喜,何宏平,郭九皋HDTMA+柱撑离子空间几何尺寸与柱撑蒙脱石层问排列方式的研究[J].矿物岩石,2003,23(4)：1—4
[79]赵保林,那平,刘剑锋.改性蒙脱土的研究进展[J].化学工业与工程,2006,23(5)：453—457
[80]Song K,Sandi G.Characterization of montmorillonite surface after modification by organosilane J. Clays and Clay Minerals,2010,49(2):119-125
[81]Tien Y I. The effect of nano—sized silicate layers from montmorillonite on glass transition, dynamic mechanical, and thermal degradation[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2002,86(7):1741-1748
[82]胡付欣,白玉萍,张钰.改性蒙脱土对废水中苯酚吸附性能研究[J].信阳师范学院学报：自然科学版,2009,22(4)：561-664
[83]Wu Zhansheng, Li Chun, Sun Xifang. Characterization, acid activation and bleaching performance of bentonite from Xinjiang [J].Chinese J.Chem. Eng.,2006,14(2):253-258
[84]孙传庆,武占省,李春.不同硫酸加量制得活性白土对棉籽油的脱色研究[J].中国油脂, 2007,32(1)：42-45
[85]Sabah, Celik. Decolorization of vegetable oils:Chlorophyll-a adsorption by acid-activated sepiolite [J]. J Colloid Interf. Sci.,2007,310:1-7
[86]Tong Junmao, Wu Zhansheng, Sun Xifang. Adsorption Kinetics of β-carotene and chlorophyll from model oil Solutions onto acid activated bentonite[J]. Chinese J. Chem. Eng.,2008,16(2): 270-276
[87]M.Neamtu,A.Yediler,I.Siminiceanu,M.Macoveanu,A.Kettrup.Decolorzation of disperse red 354 azo dye in water by several oxidation processesa comparative study[J].Dyes and Pigments,2004,60:61-68
[88]潘嘉芬,李梦红,周玉香,马庆霞.膨润土制备活性白土试验研究[J].矿产保护与利用,2002,(4)：26-27
[89]L.Groisman,Ch.Rav-acha,Z.Gerstl,V.Mingelgrin.Sorption of organic compounds of varying hydrophobicities from water and industrical wastewater by long-and-short-chain organoclays[J]. Applied Clay Science,2004,24:159-166
[90]Fu Kenming,Zhu Tianlin,Zhu Hong.An experimental research on synthesis of 4A-type zeolite by hydrothermalmethod from Kaolin[J] Journal of Synthetic Crystals,2007,36(5):1197-1201
[91]Huik S,Chao C Y H. Effects of step-change of synthesis temperature on synthesis of zeolite 4A from coalflyash [J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,2006,88(2):145-151
[92]袁俊生,郎宇琪,张林栋.沸石法工业污水氨氮治理技术研究[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2002,3(12)：60-63
[93]Donghui Wen.Comparative sorption kinetic studies of ammonium onto zeolite[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2006,133:252-256
[94]Bruno Kostura,Hana Kulveitova,Juraj Lesko.Blast furnace slaga as sorbents of phosphate from water solutions[J].Water Research,2005,39:1795-1802
[95]Ozacar Mahmut. Equilibrium and kinetic modeling of adsorption of phosphorus on calcined alunite [J]. Adsorption,2003,9:125-132
[96]孟洪.活化沸石去除水中磷化物的研究[J].矿产综合利用,2001(4)：378-382
[97]罗青松,李蕾,王作新,段雪.镁铝水滑石层板与层间阴离子相互作用的理论研究[J].无机化学学报2001,17(6)：835-842
[98]Li L D,Yu J J,Hao Z P.Novel Ru-Mg-Al-O Catalyst Derived from Hydrotaleite- like Compound for No Storage/Decomposition/Redution[J].The Journal of Physical Chemistry C[J].2007,111(28):10552-10559
[99]Tiehit D,Lutie D,Coq B.The aldol condensation of acetaldehyde and heptanal on hydrotaleite-type catalysts[J].Journal of Catalysis,2003,219(1):167-175
[100]Benito P,Labajos F M, Roeha J.Influence of microwave radiation on the textural properties of layered double hydroxides[J].Microporous and Mesovorous Material,2006,94:148-158
[101]Stepnowski P. Preliminary assessment of the sorption of some alkyl imidazolium cations as used in ionic liquids to soils andsediments[J]. Aust. J. Chem.2005,58:170-173
[102]Piotr Stepnowski,Wojciech Mrozik,Joanna Nichthauser. Adsorption of Alkylim- idazolium and Alkylpyridinium Ionic Liquids onto Natural Soils[J]. Environ. Sci. Technol.2007,41: 511-516
[103]J.Palomar,J.Lemus,M.A.Gilarranz,J.J.Rodriguez. Adsorption of ionic liquids from aqueous effluents by activated carbon[J].Carbon,2009,47:1846-1856
[104]S.Ardizzone,C.L.Bianchi,P.Drago,D.Mozzanica.Adsorption of 1-alkyl-4-methylp-yridinium salts at solid-liquid and water-air interfaces [J]. Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 1996,(113):135-144
[105]Gorman-Lewis D. J.,Fein J. B. Experimental study of the adsorption of an ionic liquid onto bacterial and mineral surfaces[J].Environ. Sci. Technol.2004,38:2491-2495
[106]李雪辉,李帅,王芙蓉,奚红霞,王乐夫.酸改性膨润土对[Bmim]Cl离子液体的吸附[J].化工学报,2007,6(58)：1489-1493
[107]Pieraccini D,Chiappe C,Intorre L,Pretti C,Trevor M L.Ecotoxicity of Ionic Liquids in an Aquatic Environmen[M]. Amsterdam:Elsevier,2007,259-278
[108]Gorman-alaewis D J,Fein J B.Experimental Staudy of the Adsorption of an Ionic Liquid onto Bacterial and Mineral Surfaces[J].Environ.Sci.Technol.,2004,38(8):2491-2495
[109]Allen D,Baston QBradley A E,Gorman T,Haile A,Hamblett I,Hatter J E,Healy M J F,Hodgson B,Lewin R,Lovell K V.An investigation of the radiochemical stability of ionic liquids[J].Green Chem.,2002,4(2):152-158
[110]Robinson J,Osteryoung R A.An electrochemical and spectroscopic study of some aromatic hydrocarbons in the room temperatur molten salt system aluminum chloriden-butylpyridinium chloride[J].J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2002,101(2):323-327
[111]常睿.咪唑类及吡啶类离子液体降解性的研究[D].北京化工大学,化学工程与技术：2010
[112]B.H.Hameed,L.H.Chin,S.Rengaraj.Adsorption of 4-chlorophenol onto Activated Carbon Prepared from Rattan Sawdust[J].Desalination,2008,225:185-298
[113]Serpil Ozmihci,Fikret Kargi.Utilization of Powdered Waste Sludge (PWS) for Remove of Textile Dye Stuffs from Waste Water by Adsorption[J].Journal of Environmental Management, 2006,81(4):307-314
[2]Wilkes J S.Properties of ionic liquid solvents for catalysis[J].J.Mol.Catal.A:Chem.,2004, 214(1):11-17
[3]Koel M.Ionic liquids in chemical analysis[J].Crit.Rev.Anal.Chem.,2005,35(3):177-192
[4]Kralisch D.,Stark A., Korsten S.,Kreisel G.,Ondruschka B.Energetic, environme- ntal and economic balances:Spice up your ionic liquid research efficiency[J]. Green Chem,2005, 7:301-309
[5]Ranke J,Molter K,Stock F,Bottin-Weber U, Poczobutt J,Hoffinann J,Ondruschka B,Filser J,Jastorff B. Biological effects of imidazolium ionic liquids in acute (Vibrio fischeri) and WST1 cell viability assays[J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.2003,28,:396-404
[6]Latala A.,Stepnowski P,Neii dzi M., Mrozik W. Marine toxicity assessment of imidazolium ionic liquids:acute effects on the Baltic algae (Oocystis submarina) and (Cyclotella meneghiniana).Aquat. Toxicol.2005,73:91-98
[7]Bernot R. J, Brueseke M. A.,Evans White M. A., Lamberti G.A. Acute and chronic toxicity of imidazolium-based ionic liquids on (Daphnia Magna).Environ. Toxicol. Chem.2005,24:87-92
[8]蒋伟艳,余文轴.离子液体的分类、合成及应用[J].金属材料与冶金工程,2008,36(4)：51-54
[9]邓友全.离子液体介质与材料研究进展[J].成果与应用,2005,20(4)：297-300
[10]Pei Y C,Wang J J,Xuan X P. Factors affecting ionic liquids based removal of anionic dyes from water[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2007,41(14):5090-5095
[11]方东,施群荣,巩凯.咪唑型室温离子液体的绿色合成研究[J].化学试剂,2007,29(1)：4-6
[12]石家华,孙逊,杨春和.离子液体研究进展[J].化学通报,2002,(4)：243-250
[13]Tokuda H, Hayamizu K, Ishii K, et al. Physicochemical Prooerties and Structures of Room Temperature Ionic Liquids,1.Variation of Anionic Species [J].J Phys Chem B,2004,108:16593-16600
[14]李汝雄,王建基.离子液体的热物理性质研究进展[J].北京石油化工学院学报,2005,9,13(3)：20-23
[15]李汝雄.离子液体—走向工业化的绿色溶剂[J].现代化工,2003,10(10)：17-21
[16]Stepnowski P, Zaleska A. Comparison of different advanced oxidation processes for the degradation of room temperature ionic liquids [J].Photoch Photobio A:Chem,2005, 170(1):130-135
[17]王少华,王祥荣.离子液体及其应用[J].印染助剂,2007,24(5)：1-5
[18]Varma R S, Namboodiri V V. An Expeditious Solvent Free Route to Ionic Liquids Using Microwaves[J]. Chem Comm un,2001,15(3):643-644
[19]Khadilkar B M,Rebeiro G L.Microwave Assisted Synthesis of Room Temperature Ionic Liquid Precursor in Closed Vessel[J].Org Process Res Dev,2002,6(6):826-828
[20]张虎成,王键吉,轩小朋.室温离子液体混合物的相平衡研究进展[J].化学进展,2006,18(5)：670-679
[21]Jastorff B, Molter K, Behrend P,etal.Progress in evaluation of risk potential of ionic liquids-basis for an eco-design of sustainable products[J].Green Chem,2005, (7)
[22]Burrell A K,Del S,Rico E.The large scale synthesis of pure imidazolium and pyrrolidinium ionic liquids[J].Green Chem,2007,9(7):449-454
[23]Nockemann P,Binnemans K,Driesen K. Purification of imidazolium ionic liquids for spectroscopic applications[J].Chem Phys Lett,2005,415(3):31-136
[24]Roth M.Partitioning behaviour of organic compounds between ionic liquids and supercritical fluids[J].J Chromatogr A,2009,1216(10):1861-1880
[25]ZhaoDongbin,ZhaofuFei,RosarioScopelliti.Synthesis and characterization of ionic liquids incorporating the nitrilef unctionality[J].Inorg Chem,2004,43(6):2197-2205
[26]Pernak J, Sobaszkiewicz K, Mirska I. Anti-microbial activities of ionic liquids [J].Green Chem,2003,(5),281-290
[27]Pernak J,Kalewska J,Ksycinska H.Synthesis and anti-microbial activities of choline-like quaternary ammonium chlorides[J].Eur J Med Chem,2001,36:899-907
[28]Pernak J,Rogoza J,Mirska I.Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of new pyridin- ium and benzimidazolium chlorides[J].Eur J Med Chem,2001,36:313-320
[29]Pernak J,Goc I,Mirska I..Anti-microbial activities of protic ionic liquids with lactate anion[J].Green Chem,2004,7:323-329
[30]Docherty K,Kulpa C F. Toxicity and antimicrobial activity of imidazolium and pyridinium ionic liquids[J].Green Chem,2005,4:185-189
[31]Cieniecka-Roalonkiewicz A, Pernak J, Seddon K R.Synthesis,anti-microbia-1 activities and anti-electrostatic properties of phosphonium-based ionic liquids [J].Green Chem,2005,(7): 3671-3680
[32]柯明,周爱国,宋昭峥,蒋庆哲.离子液体的毒性[J].化学进展,2007,5(5)：672-679
[33]Chul-Woong Cho, et al. Toxicity of imidazolium salt with anion bromide to a phytoplankton Selenastrum capricornutum:Effect of alkyl-chain length[J]. Chemosphere,2007,69,1003-1007
[34]Cho C W,Jeon Y C,Pham T P T,et al.The ecotoxicity of ionic liquids and traditional organie solvents on microalga Selenastrum caprieomutum[J].Ecotoxieology and Environmental Safety, 2008,71(1):166-171
[35]Muchiaki Matsumoto,et al.Toxicity of Ionic Liquids and Organic Solvents to Lactic Acid-Producing Bacteria[J]. J.Bioscience and Bioengineering,2004,98(5),344-347
[36]邱常玲,王兆梅,郭祀远.离子液中蔗渣纤维素的硫酸酯化及抑菌效果研究[J].现代食品科技,2008,24(6)：535-538
[37]Romero A,Santos A,Tojo J,et al.Toxicity and biodegradability of imidazolium ionic liquids[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008,151(1):268-273
[38]Matsumoto M, Mochiduki K, Kondo K. Toxicity of ionic liquids and organic solvents to lactic acid-producing bacteria[J].Biosci Bioeng,2004,98(5):281-285
[39]Allen D, Baston G, Seddon K R. An investigation of the radiochemical stability of ionic liquids[J]. Green Chem.,2002,4:152-158
[40]Swatloski R P, Holbrey J D, Rogers R D. Ionic liquids are not always green:hydrolysis of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate[J]. Green Chem.,2003,5:361-363
[41]Wells A S, Coombe V T. On the freshwater ecotoxicity and biodegradation properties of some common ionic liquids[J].Org.Process Res.Dev.,2006,10:794-798
[42]Gathergood N, Garcia M T, Scammells P J. Biodegradable ionicliquids,Part Ⅰ.Concept, preliminary targets and evaluation[J].Green Chem.,2004,6:166-175
[43]Gathergood N, Scammells P J. Design and preparation of room-temperature ionic liquids containing biodegradable side chains[J].Aust.J.Chem.,2002,55(9):557-560
[44]Garcia M T, Gathergood N, Scammells P J. Biodegradable ionic liquids,Part Ⅱ.Effect of the anion and toxicology[J].Green Chem.,2005,7:9-14
[45]Gathergood N, Scammells P J, Garcia M T,et al. Biodegradable ionic liquids, Part Ⅲ.The first readily biodegradable ionic liquids [J].Green Chem.,2006,8:156-160
[46]Docherty K M, Dixon J K, Kulpa J C F. Biodegradability of imidazolium and pyridinium ionic liquids by an activated sludge microbial community[J]. Biodegradation,2007,18:481-493
[47]Stepnowski P, Zaleska A. Comparison of different advanced oxidation processes for the degradation of room temperature ionic liquids [J].J.Photochem.Photobiol. A,2005,170(1):45-50
[48]Sara Goldstein,Dan Meyesstein,Gidon Czapeld.The Fenton reagents [J].Free Radical Biology and Medicine,1993,15(4):435-445
[49]邹长伟,万金保,彭希珑Fenton试剂和UV_Fenton试剂[J].江西科学,2004,22：246-249
[50]Cloudia Telles Benatti,Celia Regina Granben Tavaes,Terezinha Aparecida Guedes. Optimiation of Fenton's oxidation of chemical laboratory wastewaters using the response surface methodology [J]. Journal of Environmental Management,2006,80(1):66-74
[51]Hui Zhang,Heung Jin Choi,Chin-Pao Huang.Optimization of Fenton Process for the Treatment of Landfill Leachate[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2005,B125:166-174
[52]Josmaria Lopes de Morais,Patricio Peralta Zamora.Use of Advanced Oxidation Processes to Improve the Biodegradability of Mature Landfill Leachates[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2005,B123:181-186
[53]Siedlecka E M,Mrozik W,Kaczynski Z,et al.Degradation of 1-butyl-3-methylimi-dazolium chloride ionic liquid in a Fenton-like system[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008, 154(l-3):893-900
[54]Siedlecka E M,Golebiowski M,Kaczynski Z,et al.Degradation of ionic liquids by Fenton reaction; the effect of anions as counter and baekground ions[J].Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2009,91(1-3):573-579
[55]何毅,王华,李光明.有机废气催化燃烧技术[J].江苏环境科技,2004,1(17)：35-38
[56]沈迪新,胡成南.挥发性有机化合物污染的净化技术[J].中国环保产业,2002,12：33-35
[57]R. Schwiedernoch, S. Tischer, O. Deut schmann. Experimental and numerical investigation of the ignition of methane combustion in a platinum-coated honeycomb monolith[J]. Submitted to the 29th Symposium (Inter-national) on Combustion,2002,5(12):172-180
[58]严文瑶,周希圣,李尔炀.催化氧化法处理医药工业废水[J].工业水处理,2001,21(10)：19-21
[59]Schrick B,Blough J L,Jones A. D,Mallouk T E. Hydrodechlorination of Trichloroethylene to Hdrocarbons Using Metallic Nel-Iron Nanoparticles[J]. Chem. Mater.2002,14,5140-5147
[60]赵雪娜,迟文波,池金志.负载活性炭催化氧化技术及进展[J].城市管理与科技,2004,6(3)：111-115
[61]刘春英,袁存光,张超.载铜活性炭催化氧化深度降解石油污水[J].工业水处理,2001,21(4)：22-31
[62]Liu Xiaoling,Chen Jinyi, Zhou Wentao.Photocatalytic decoloration and degradation of dyeprinting wastewater in Cu2O suspension[J]. Journal of Central China Normal University,2004,36 (4):475-477
[63]Janez Levec,Albin Pintar. Catalytic wet-air oxidation processes:A review. Catalysis Today,2007,13:5080-5090
[64]D. J. DeAngelo, A. Q. Wilhelm. Wet Air Oxidation of Caustic Liquors. Chemic- al Engineering process,1983.79 (3):105-117
[65]张红艳,陆雪梅,刘志英.湿式氧化法处理高盐度难降解农药废水[J].化工进展,2007,26(3)：417-422
[66]Qiu Z M,He Y B,Liu X C.Catalytic oxidation of the dye wastewater with hydrogen peroxide[J].Chemical Engineering and Processing,2005,44:1013-1017
[67]Salesf G,Maranhaolc A,Limaf M. Kinetic evaluation and modeling of lignin catalytic wet oxidation to selective production of aromatic aldehydes[J].Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2006,45(20):6627-6631
[68]Zhang Yongli,Hu Xiaomin,Xing Chao.Influence of operational factors of WAO technology on degradation of methylt hionine chloride watery solution[J] Journal of Ecotechnology Research,2006,12(2)46-48
[69]Quintanilla A, Casas J A, Zazo J A. Wet air oxidation of phenol at mild condition with a Fe/. activated carbon catalyst[J]. App lied Catalysis B:Environmental,2006,62:115-120
[70]ZhuWangpeng, Bin Yuejing, L i Zhonghe. Application of catalytic wet oxidation for the treatment of H-acid manufacturing process wastewater. Water Research,2002,36:1947-1954
[71]唐文伟,曾新平,赵建夫.催化湿式氧化中负载型催化剂的稳定性与应用[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2006,7(12)：132-134
[72]Mesuere K,Fish W. Chromate and oxalate adsorption on goethite.2. Surface complexation modeling of competitive adsorption. Environ. Sci. Technol.1992,26,2365-2370
[73]Ruiz-Angel M. J.,Berthod A. Reversed phase liquid chromatography of alkyl- imidaolium ionic liquids. J. Chromatogr. A,2006,1113,101-108
[74]Li H.,Teppen B. J.,Laird D. A.,Johnston C. T.,Boyd, S. A.Geochemical modulation of pesticide sorption on smectite clay.Environ. Sci. Technol.2004,38,5393-5399
[75]董洁,吴边华.浅谈活性炭的改性及其应用[J].煤质技术,2008, (4)：51-53
[76]戴爱丽,徐玲,胡正信.应用粉末活性炭处理微污染原水的探讨[J].工业水处理,2005,25(12)54-55
[77]Chae, S. Evaluation of drinking water treatment processes focusing on natural organic matter removal and on disinfection by product formation [J].Water Sci ence and Technology:Water Supply,2002,2(5-6):459-464
[78]陈建喜,何宏平,郭九皋HDTMA+柱撑离子空间几何尺寸与柱撑蒙脱石层问排列方式的研究[J].矿物岩石,2003,23(4)：1—4
[79]赵保林,那平,刘剑锋.改性蒙脱土的研究进展[J].化学工业与工程,2006,23(5)：453—457
[80]Song K,Sandi G.Characterization of montmorillonite surface after modification by organosilane J. Clays and Clay Minerals,2010,49(2):119-125
[81]Tien Y I. The effect of nano—sized silicate layers from montmorillonite on glass transition, dynamic mechanical, and thermal degradation[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2002,86(7):1741-1748
[82]胡付欣,白玉萍,张钰.改性蒙脱土对废水中苯酚吸附性能研究[J].信阳师范学院学报：自然科学版,2009,22(4)：561-664
[83]Wu Zhansheng, Li Chun, Sun Xifang. Characterization, acid activation and bleaching performance of bentonite from Xinjiang [J].Chinese J.Chem. Eng.,2006,14(2):253-258
[84]孙传庆,武占省,李春.不同硫酸加量制得活性白土对棉籽油的脱色研究[J].中国油脂, 2007,32(1)：42-45
[85]Sabah, Celik. Decolorization of vegetable oils:Chlorophyll-a adsorption by acid-activated sepiolite [J]. J Colloid Interf. Sci.,2007,310:1-7
[86]Tong Junmao, Wu Zhansheng, Sun Xifang. Adsorption Kinetics of β-carotene and chlorophyll from model oil Solutions onto acid activated bentonite[J]. Chinese J. Chem. Eng.,2008,16(2): 270-276
[87]M.Neamtu,A.Yediler,I.Siminiceanu,M.Macoveanu,A.Kettrup.Decolorzation of disperse red 354 azo dye in water by several oxidation processesa comparative study[J].Dyes and Pigments,2004,60:61-68
[88]潘嘉芬,李梦红,周玉香,马庆霞.膨润土制备活性白土试验研究[J].矿产保护与利用,2002,(4)：26-27
[89]L.Groisman,Ch.Rav-acha,Z.Gerstl,V.Mingelgrin.Sorption of organic compounds of varying hydrophobicities from water and industrical wastewater by long-and-short-chain organoclays[J]. Applied Clay Science,2004,24:159-166
[90]Fu Kenming,Zhu Tianlin,Zhu Hong.An experimental research on synthesis of 4A-type zeolite by hydrothermalmethod from Kaolin[J] Journal of Synthetic Crystals,2007,36(5):1197-1201
[91]Huik S,Chao C Y H. Effects of step-change of synthesis temperature on synthesis of zeolite 4A from coalflyash [J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,2006,88(2):145-151
[92]袁俊生,郎宇琪,张林栋.沸石法工业污水氨氮治理技术研究[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2002,3(12)：60-63
[93]Donghui Wen.Comparative sorption kinetic studies of ammonium onto zeolite[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2006,133:252-256
[94]Bruno Kostura,Hana Kulveitova,Juraj Lesko.Blast furnace slaga as sorbents of phosphate from water solutions[J].Water Research,2005,39:1795-1802
[95]Ozacar Mahmut. Equilibrium and kinetic modeling of adsorption of phosphorus on calcined alunite [J]. Adsorption,2003,9:125-132
[96]孟洪.活化沸石去除水中磷化物的研究[J].矿产综合利用,2001(4)：378-382
[97]罗青松,李蕾,王作新,段雪.镁铝水滑石层板与层间阴离子相互作用的理论研究[J].无机化学学报2001,17(6)：835-842
[98]Li L D,Yu J J,Hao Z P.Novel Ru-Mg-Al-O Catalyst Derived from Hydrotaleite- like Compound for No Storage/Decomposition/Redution[J].The Journal of Physical Chemistry C[J].2007,111(28):10552-10559
[99]Tiehit D,Lutie D,Coq B.The aldol condensation of acetaldehyde and heptanal on hydrotaleite-type catalysts[J].Journal of Catalysis,2003,219(1):167-175
[100]Benito P,Labajos F M, Roeha J.Influence of microwave radiation on the textural properties of layered double hydroxides[J].Microporous and Mesovorous Material,2006,94:148-158
[101]Stepnowski P. Preliminary assessment of the sorption of some alkyl imidazolium cations as used in ionic liquids to soils andsediments[J]. Aust. J. Chem.2005,58:170-173
[102]Piotr Stepnowski,Wojciech Mrozik,Joanna Nichthauser. Adsorption of Alkylim- idazolium and Alkylpyridinium Ionic Liquids onto Natural Soils[J]. Environ. Sci. Technol.2007,41: 511-516
[103]J.Palomar,J.Lemus,M.A.Gilarranz,J.J.Rodriguez. Adsorption of ionic liquids from aqueous effluents by activated carbon[J].Carbon,2009,47:1846-1856
[104]S.Ardizzone,C.L.Bianchi,P.Drago,D.Mozzanica.Adsorption of 1-alkyl-4-methylp-yridinium salts at solid-liquid and water-air interfaces [J]. Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 1996,(113):135-144
[105]Gorman-Lewis D. J.,Fein J. B. Experimental study of the adsorption of an ionic liquid onto bacterial and mineral surfaces[J].Environ. Sci. Technol.2004,38:2491-2495
[106]李雪辉,李帅,王芙蓉,奚红霞,王乐夫.酸改性膨润土对[Bmim]Cl离子液体的吸附[J].化工学报,2007,6(58)：1489-1493
[107]Pieraccini D,Chiappe C,Intorre L,Pretti C,Trevor M L.Ecotoxicity of Ionic Liquids in an Aquatic Environmen[M]. Amsterdam:Elsevier,2007,259-278
[108]Gorman-alaewis D J,Fein J B.Experimental Staudy of the Adsorption of an Ionic Liquid onto Bacterial and Mineral Surfaces[J].Environ.Sci.Technol.,2004,38(8):2491-2495
[109]Allen D,Baston QBradley A E,Gorman T,Haile A,Hamblett I,Hatter J E,Healy M J F,Hodgson B,Lewin R,Lovell K V.An investigation of the radiochemical stability of ionic liquids[J].Green Chem.,2002,4(2):152-158
[110]Robinson J,Osteryoung R A.An electrochemical and spectroscopic study of some aromatic hydrocarbons in the room temperatur molten salt system aluminum chloriden-butylpyridinium chloride[J].J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2002,101(2):323-327
[111]常睿.咪唑类及吡啶类离子液体降解性的研究[D].北京化工大学,化学工程与技术：2010
[112]B.H.Hameed,L.H.Chin,S.Rengaraj.Adsorption of 4-chlorophenol onto Activated Carbon Prepared from Rattan Sawdust[J].Desalination,2008,225:185-298
[113]Serpil Ozmihci,Fikret Kargi.Utilization of Powdered Waste Sludge (PWS) for Remove of Textile Dye Stuffs from Waste Water by Adsorption[J].Journal of Environmental Management, 2006,81(4):307-314