煤岩冲击破碎的力学行为及实验研究
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摘要
本文首先通过对现有破碎理论及传统的滚筒式采煤机存在问题的分析，提出了冲击式破煤的可行性以及冲击式采煤机的三大优点：采煤块率高、粉尘少、能耗低。然后对冲击破碎的对象—煤岩的性质进行了充分的研究，包括它的基本物理特性和应力波的传播特性，并在此基础上对煤岩冲击破碎中的力学行为及主要影响因素进行了一些理论分析和实验研究：初步提出了煤岩冲击破碎时力学模型，指出了煤岩冲击破碎时的四个演化过程，分析了几个主要因素对煤岩冲击破碎效果的影响，对合理的冲劈厚度和刀齿几何尺寸进行了确定，并在实验中进行了验证。在论文的最后，对本文的不足及冲击破碎理论今后应注意的几个问题，提出了几个观点，希望能为优化冲击式采煤机设计，完善冲击破碎理论提供帮助。
In the first part of text, it describes the feasibility of impact coal-rock cutting and three advantages of impact shear. High lump producing rate, low dust-producing rate and low energy, by the analysis of conventional dumb shear and existing theory. After that, it analyzes the characters of coal-rock, including its physical character and transmitting characteristic of stressing wave. On the basis of those, I do some academic and experimental analysis on the action of cutting mechanics and influencing factors of cutting effects., such as , the studies of mechanical behavior of coal-rock when it was impacted ,the establishment of mechanical model, the analysis of how some factors affect the cutting effects, the conform of rational impact-split thickness and impact cutting tool shape, and so on. In the last parts, it indicates the deficiency of the text and offers some advises on how we should do to design the cutting machine and perfect the theory of impact cutting.
In the first part of text, it describes the feasibility of impact coal-rock cutting and three advantages of impact shear. High lump producing rate, low dust-producing rate and low energy, by the analysis of conventional dumb shear and existing theory. After that, it analyzes the characters of coal-rock, including its physical character and transmitting characteristic of stressing wave. On the basis of those, I do some academic and experimental analysis on the action of cutting mechanics and influencing factors of cutting effects., such as , the studies of mechanical behavior of coal-rock when it was impacted ,the establishment of mechanical model, the analysis of how some factors affect the cutting effects, the conform of rational impact-split thickness and impact cutting tool shape, and so on. In the last parts, it indicates the deficiency of the text and offers some advises on how we should do to design the cutting machine and perfect the theory of impact cutting.
引文
[1]田取珍，刘混举等．冲击式采煤破煤机理的研究．太原理工大学学报，1998．2
[2]赵运才等，采煤机截齿齿体材料及工艺分析，矿山机械，1999．12
[3]马晓青．冲击动力学．北京理工大学出版社，1992，7
[4]李晓豁，掘进机钻进工况截割头载荷的模拟研究，矿山机械，2000．11
[5]徐小荷，余静．岩石破碎学．煤炭工业出版社，1984，11
[6]田取珍，刘混举等．冲击式采煤的研究．煤炭学报，1998(6)
[7]高彩云，赵运才，况用截齿实效原因及对策探讨，矿山机械，2000．12
[8]李晓豁，刘忆，刀形截齿的截割实验与分析，黑龙江矿业学院学报，2000．1
[9]李贵轩等，高产高效工作面采煤机截齿可靠性研究，辽宁工程技术大学学报，2000．2
[10]杜三虎，田取珍．破煤机理的初步探讨．西安矿业学院学报，1998(2)
[11]洪其麟等译．高等断裂力学，北京航空航天大学出版社，1987。
[12]李晓豁，刀形截齿的截割性能研究，辽宁工程技术大学学报，2000．10
[13]钱鸣高，刘听成．矿山压力及其控制．煤炭工业出版社，1991
[14]钱鸣高，中国能源与煤炭工业，煤，2000．1
[15]岳龙旺，田取珍．煤体冲击厂矿中应力波传递规律的研究．太原理工大学学报，1999(3)
[16]李晓豁，尹泊峰等，镐型截齿的截割实验研究，辽宁工程技术大学学报，1999．12
[17]赵阳升，高等岩石力学。
[18]李莉，段宏霞等，采煤机滚筒冲击截齿安装角的设计，煤炭机械，1995．4
[19]徐小荷．撞击凿入系统的数值方法．岩石力学与工程学报，1984(1)
[20]雷玉勇，李晓红等，截齿几何参数与切割参数的匹配研究，重庆大学学报，(自然科学版)2000．1
[21]胡德礼等．采煤机截豁破碎理论的相似模拟研究，1992(3)
[22]李晓豁．截齿劈裂宽度的计算及其影响的研究．矿山机械，1997(12)
[23]文光才．煤的冲击破碎．煤炭工程师，1995(5)
[24]蔡和平，朱维斗等，硬煤截齿刀硬质合金的热疲劳实效分析，西安交通大学学报．
[25]雷玉勇，李晓红等，刀型截齿截割阻力的理论与实验研究，煤矿机械，1999．10
[26]段乐珍，徐国园等，冲击破岩时破碎区扩展规律的数值模拟，中南工业大学学报，1998．2
[27]雷玉勇，李哓红，杨林等，煤岩切割刀具几何参数的理论分析，煤矿机械，1999．10
[28]孔园波等，裂隙岩石破裂机理研究，煤炭学报，1995．2
[29]张耀荣，韩武学等，综放工作面裂隙分布对其顶煤冒放性影响的研究，煤，2000．1
[30]吴健，张勇，顶煤裂隙的发展趋势及其对注水防尘的影响，煤炭学报，1998．12
[31]康天河，赵阳升，靳钟铭，煤体裂隙尺度分布的分形研究，煤炭学报，1995．8
[32]赵国刚，毛新宁等，采煤机低合金高强韧性铸钢截齿的研究，煤炭学报，1998．6
[33]H. W. Keinert，掘进机掘进技术的研制现状，煤矿机械，1992．4
[34]田取珍，康力勋等．Experimcntal study on the mechanism of coal and rock breaking by impact.99 International Symposium on Mining Science and Technology.
[35]Per-Arne Lindqvist Lai-Hu. Behavior of the crushed zone in rock indentation. Rock Mechanics and Rook Engineering.
[36]Per-Arne Lindqvist. Stress field and subsurface crack propagation of zingle and multiple rock identation and disc cutting. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 1984,17
[37]Mustafa Gencer. Progressive failure in stratified and jionted rock mass. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 1985,18
[38]Akihiko Kumano,Werner Gokdsmith. Rock Mechanics,1982,15
[39]Akihiko Kumano,Werner Gokdsmith. An analyticao and experimental investigation of the effcet of impaet on coarse granular rocks. Rock Mechanics, 1982,15
[40]Akihiko Kumano,Werner Gokdsmith. Project impact on soft, porous rock. Rock Mechanics, 1981,13
[41]D. F. Howarth.Apparatus to determine static and dynamic clastic module. Rock Mechanics, 1984, 17
[42]Werner Gokdsmith,Wang-Zong Wu. Re sponse of rocks to impact loading by bars with pointedends. Rock Mechanics, 1981,13
[43] A.I.Fedul. The chioce of the enerfy level for shock of mate destruction rial.Soviet Mining Science, 1987
[44] M.P.Evenden and I.S.Evendens, cutting theory and coal seam assessment techniques and their application to sheerer design, Mining Science and Technology,1985． 2
[2]赵运才等，采煤机截齿齿体材料及工艺分析，矿山机械，1999．12
[3]马晓青．冲击动力学．北京理工大学出版社，1992，7
[4]李晓豁，掘进机钻进工况截割头载荷的模拟研究，矿山机械，2000．11
[5]徐小荷，余静．岩石破碎学．煤炭工业出版社，1984，11
[6]田取珍，刘混举等．冲击式采煤的研究．煤炭学报，1998(6)
[7]高彩云，赵运才，况用截齿实效原因及对策探讨，矿山机械，2000．12
[8]李晓豁，刘忆，刀形截齿的截割实验与分析，黑龙江矿业学院学报，2000．1
[9]李贵轩等，高产高效工作面采煤机截齿可靠性研究，辽宁工程技术大学学报，2000．2
[10]杜三虎，田取珍．破煤机理的初步探讨．西安矿业学院学报，1998(2)
[11]洪其麟等译．高等断裂力学，北京航空航天大学出版社，1987。
[12]李晓豁，刀形截齿的截割性能研究，辽宁工程技术大学学报，2000．10
[13]钱鸣高，刘听成．矿山压力及其控制．煤炭工业出版社，1991
[14]钱鸣高，中国能源与煤炭工业，煤，2000．1
[15]岳龙旺，田取珍．煤体冲击厂矿中应力波传递规律的研究．太原理工大学学报，1999(3)
[16]李晓豁，尹泊峰等，镐型截齿的截割实验研究，辽宁工程技术大学学报，1999．12
[17]赵阳升，高等岩石力学。
[18]李莉，段宏霞等，采煤机滚筒冲击截齿安装角的设计，煤炭机械，1995．4
[19]徐小荷．撞击凿入系统的数值方法．岩石力学与工程学报，1984(1)
[20]雷玉勇，李晓红等，截齿几何参数与切割参数的匹配研究，重庆大学学报，(自然科学版)2000．1
[21]胡德礼等．采煤机截豁破碎理论的相似模拟研究，1992(3)
[22]李晓豁．截齿劈裂宽度的计算及其影响的研究．矿山机械，1997(12)
[23]文光才．煤的冲击破碎．煤炭工程师，1995(5)
[24]蔡和平，朱维斗等，硬煤截齿刀硬质合金的热疲劳实效分析，西安交通大学学报．
[25]雷玉勇，李晓红等，刀型截齿截割阻力的理论与实验研究，煤矿机械，1999．10
[26]段乐珍，徐国园等，冲击破岩时破碎区扩展规律的数值模拟，中南工业大学学报，1998．2
[27]雷玉勇，李哓红，杨林等，煤岩切割刀具几何参数的理论分析，煤矿机械，1999．10
[28]孔园波等，裂隙岩石破裂机理研究，煤炭学报，1995．2
[29]张耀荣，韩武学等，综放工作面裂隙分布对其顶煤冒放性影响的研究，煤，2000．1
[30]吴健，张勇，顶煤裂隙的发展趋势及其对注水防尘的影响，煤炭学报，1998．12
[31]康天河，赵阳升，靳钟铭，煤体裂隙尺度分布的分形研究，煤炭学报，1995．8
[32]赵国刚，毛新宁等，采煤机低合金高强韧性铸钢截齿的研究，煤炭学报，1998．6
[33]H. W. Keinert，掘进机掘进技术的研制现状，煤矿机械，1992．4
[34]田取珍，康力勋等．Experimcntal study on the mechanism of coal and rock breaking by impact.99 International Symposium on Mining Science and Technology.
[35]Per-Arne Lindqvist Lai-Hu. Behavior of the crushed zone in rock indentation. Rock Mechanics and Rook Engineering.
[36]Per-Arne Lindqvist. Stress field and subsurface crack propagation of zingle and multiple rock identation and disc cutting. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 1984,17
[37]Mustafa Gencer. Progressive failure in stratified and jionted rock mass. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 1985,18
[38]Akihiko Kumano,Werner Gokdsmith. Rock Mechanics,1982,15
[39]Akihiko Kumano,Werner Gokdsmith. An analyticao and experimental investigation of the effcet of impaet on coarse granular rocks. Rock Mechanics, 1982,15
[40]Akihiko Kumano,Werner Gokdsmith. Project impact on soft, porous rock. Rock Mechanics, 1981,13
[41]D. F. Howarth.Apparatus to determine static and dynamic clastic module. Rock Mechanics, 1984, 17
[42]Werner Gokdsmith,Wang-Zong Wu. Re sponse of rocks to impact loading by bars with pointedends. Rock Mechanics, 1981,13
[43] A.I.Fedul. The chioce of the enerfy level for shock of mate destruction rial.Soviet Mining Science, 1987
[44] M.P.Evenden and I.S.Evendens, cutting theory and coal seam assessment techniques and their application to sheerer design, Mining Science and Technology,1985． 2