论循环经济法律制度建设
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摘要
上世纪90年代以来,各国学者和政府在实施可持续发展战略的旗帜下,越来越认识到当代资源环境问题的根本原因在于工业化运动以来实行的线性经济模式,提出了建立物质闭环流动为特征的循环经济模式。循环经济法调整在循环经济发展过程中人们之间的社会关系,满足了人类对经济可持续发展和对环境资源可持续发展的双重需求,兼顾了环境正义的实现和经济效率的提高。日本、德国等一些发达国家相继建立了较完善的法律法规体系,实现了从末端处理、源头控制到资源再生利用的转变。在我国实现社会经济的可持续发展,也必须选择循环经济作为我国现在和未来发展的经济模式。我国虽然我国颁布了《清洁生产促进法》等法律法规,制定了一系列促进企业节能、节材、节水和资源综合利用的政策、标准和管理制度,最近颁布了《可再生能源法》。但由于我国在发展循环经济方面起步较晚,循环经济法律体系尚未健全,法律制度仍需完善。我国循环经济法制建设应根据我国的国情,主要体现资源利用和废物高效回收为特征的生态经济体系,遵循科学规划与合理开发的、政府主导、公众参与、扩大生产者责任和风险防御等五条基本原则,先制定综合法后制定专门法,修改现有的环境立法、再制定有关各种特定物质循环利用的单项立法,同时积极构建绿色GDP制度、市场准入制度和经济激励制度、绿色消费制度、循环经济资源名录管理制度等相关循环经济的基本制度,以建立系统的循环经济法律体系,促进循环经济稳定有序的发展,确保我国最终实现可持续发展重大战略。
Since 1990s, under the guidance of the sustainable development, with scholars and governments of many countries more and more realizing that the basic cause of modern environmental problems is the module of linear economy, the module of recycle economy with the characteristic of closed substance flow come up. Law of recycle economy adjust the social relationships of people in the process of the recycle economy development, and meet the dual requirements of the economy and environment and natural resource sustainable development and at the same time the realization of environmental justice and improvement of economic benefit. Some developed countries such as Japan and German have established their own legal system of recycle economy and reached the transformation from the end process and resource control to the reuse of natural resource. The recycle economy module must be chosen as the future economic module in China's social and economical sustainable development. Although the establishment and enacting of many laws and regulations such as Promotion Law of Clean Production and recently the Law of Recoverable Energy, the legal system of recycle economy in our country has not been totally established and needs more improvement due to out comparatively late start. The construction of the legal system should mainly present the characteristics of utilization of resource and recovery of the waste in the ecological economy system with consideration of the conditions of our country, following principles as to realize harmonious development, pay attention to the safety of ecosystem, establish the responsibility system and prevent risk in building the legal system of recycle economic law. We should build the perfected legal system gradually through enacting the comprehensive law and special law and improving of the present environmental law and other specific laws related to some substances. And at the same time, many basic system of recycle system, such as: the system of green GDP, market entrance permit, economic stimulation, green consumption, list management of recycle economy resource etc. should be build up to form a systematized legal system and enhance the stable and orderly development of recycle economy and ensure the realization of the strategy of sustainable development of our country.
Since 1990s, under the guidance of the sustainable development, with scholars and governments of many countries more and more realizing that the basic cause of modern environmental problems is the module of linear economy, the module of recycle economy with the characteristic of closed substance flow come up. Law of recycle economy adjust the social relationships of people in the process of the recycle economy development, and meet the dual requirements of the economy and environment and natural resource sustainable development and at the same time the realization of environmental justice and improvement of economic benefit. Some developed countries such as Japan and German have established their own legal system of recycle economy and reached the transformation from the end process and resource control to the reuse of natural resource. The recycle economy module must be chosen as the future economic module in China's social and economical sustainable development. Although the establishment and enacting of many laws and regulations such as Promotion Law of Clean Production and recently the Law of Recoverable Energy, the legal system of recycle economy in our country has not been totally established and needs more improvement due to out comparatively late start. The construction of the legal system should mainly present the characteristics of utilization of resource and recovery of the waste in the ecological economy system with consideration of the conditions of our country, following principles as to realize harmonious development, pay attention to the safety of ecosystem, establish the responsibility system and prevent risk in building the legal system of recycle economic law. We should build the perfected legal system gradually through enacting the comprehensive law and special law and improving of the present environmental law and other specific laws related to some substances. And at the same time, many basic system of recycle system, such as: the system of green GDP, market entrance permit, economic stimulation, green consumption, list management of recycle economy resource etc. should be build up to form a systematized legal system and enhance the stable and orderly development of recycle economy and ensure the realization of the strategy of sustainable development of our country.
引文
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[2]外国环境法规选编.第1辑下册,赵国清主编.德国环境法简介.中国政法大学出版社,2000,10
[3]原田尚彦著,于敏译.环境法.法律出版社,1999,(4):2
[4]唐荣智,于杨曜.循环经济法比较研究.兼评我国首部清洁生产促进法.杭州商学院学报,2002,5
[5]循环型社会法制研究会编.循环型社会形成推进基本法的解释.2000,(12):11-16
[6]建立循环型社会基本法.第1、2、3条,国家环境保护总局政策法规司编译.循环经济立法选译.中国科学技术出版社,2003,8
[7]张庆卫,张式军.循环经济立法比较研究.经济师,2006,6
[8]Danial D.Chiras.Environmental Science:Action for a Sustainable Future(4th Edition).Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company,California,U.S.A.1998
[9]张庆卫,张式军.循环经济立法比较研究.经济师,2006,6
[10]中关村国际环保产业促进中心.循环经济国际趋势与中国实践.人民出版社,2006
[11]Tom Tietenberg:Environment and Natural Resource Economic.北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[12]中关村国际环保产业促进中心.循环经济国际趋势与中国实践.人民出版社,2006
[13]孙承永,周景博.循环经济与制度创新.经济日报出版,2007
[14]朱清,黄德林.循环经济法原则探讨
[15]Philippe Sands:Principles of International Environmental Law.2nd Edition.Cambridge University Press,October 2003
[16]江伟钰.论清洁生产和良性循环经济立法.法学杂志,2003,5
[17]中关村国际环保产业促进中心.循环经济国际趋势与中国实践.人民出版社,2006
[18]曹明德.生态法原理.北京:人民出版社,2002
[19]曾建平.自然之思:西方生态伦理思想探究.北京:中国社会科学出版社,2004
[20]郑少华.生态法哲学.北京:法律出版社,2002
[21]张文显.法理学.北京:高等教育出版社,1999
[22]罗尔斯,何怀宏,何包钢,廖申白译.正义论.北京:中国社会出版社,1988
[23]谢鹏程.基本法律价值.济南:山东人民出版社,2000
[24]张梓太,陈泉生.宪法与行政法的生态化.北京:法律出版社,2001
[25]汪劲,于方,王鑫海译.爱蒂丝·布朗·魏伊丝.公平地对待未来人类:国际法,共同遗产与世代间衡平.北京法律出版社,2000
[26]Susan Wolf:Principles of Environmental Law(Third Edition).Cavendish Publishing Limited,London,UK.2002
[27]蔡守秋.环境正义与环境安全——二论环境资源法学的基本理念.河海大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2005,2
[28]魏全平,童适平.日本的循环经济.上海:人民出版社,2006,3
[29]蓝庆新.日本发展循环经济的法律体系借鉴.经济导刊,2005,10
[30]郭延杰.德日实施“循环型经济“相关法规简介,节能与环保,2003,2
[31]顾向一,成红.国外循环经济立法:以德日为例.学海,2006,6
[32]Mare Mulloy,Eike Albrecht,Tanja Hantsh:German Environmental Law.ErichSchmidt,2001
[33]张庆卫,张式军,《循环经济立法比较研究》,《经济师》,2006年第6期
[34]Ohis:Law and the Environment,West Educational Publishing Company,U.S.A.1998.
[35]Steven Ferry:Environmental Law:Examples&Explanation.ASPEN PUBLISHERS,INC.,New York,U.S.A.1997
[36]Zachary A.Smith:The Environmental Policy Paradox.Prentice-Hall,Inc.,New Jersey,U.S.A.2000
[37]周旺生.立法学.法律出版社,2000,21
[38]马燕,赵建林.日本循环经济法律体系评析与借鉴——对中国循环经济立法的启示.水污染防治立法和循环经济立法研究——20005年全国环境资源法学研讨会论文集
[39]赵伯祥.西方发达国家循环经济法律制度的构建和启示.未来与发展,2006,10
[40]晋海.日本循环经济立法及对我国的启示.科学进步与对策,2006,3
[41]孙佑海.循环经济立法问题研究.经济法学.劳动法学,(人大复印资料),2005,6
[42]王灿发.循环经济立法的必要性及定位.东南学术,2006,3
[43]窦玉珍,李亚红.循环经济立法构想.南阳师范学院学报,2005
[44]韩敏,陈赛.论我国的循环经济立法.年中国法学会环境资源法学研究年会论文集,2002
[45]杨航征,牛广召.试论我国循环经济的立法和制度支撑体系.理论导刊,2002,7