城市轨道交通站台乘客聚集模拟模型研究
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摘要
随着城市交通需求的增长,城市轨道交通成网建设,乘客在城市轨道交通车站站台上,聚集拥堵状况趋于严重,尤其是在一些客流量较大的车站站台,高峰时段由于客流集中涌入,站台聚集拥堵情况表现得更加突出。如果客流得不到及时疏散,就会使地铁的运营效率受到严重影响,导致乘客难以顺利上车,并带来安全隐患等问题。
本文针对地铁站台乘客聚集问题进行研究,通过分析站台客流特征,参照计算站台聚集人数的算法,设计实现了地铁站台乘客聚集模拟系统,模拟了地铁列车到达车站的乘客上下车与乘客到达、离开站台对车站站台乘客聚集的动态关系,由此可得到任意时刻站台上的聚集人数及聚集效果,为地铁车站与地铁运营组织,缓解车站站台拥堵,提l供了决策依据。
本文结合地铁北京南站具体情况,基于该站的实际调查数据及编制的计算机模拟软件,对站台乘客聚集现象进行计算机模拟,通过改变参数得出不同条件下乘客在地铁站台的聚集情况。论文选取乘客平均密度作为站台乘客人数的评价指标,应用Anylogic模拟软件,对地铁车站站台乘客聚集进行仿真评价分析,把地铁北京南站站台划分为西部入口区域、东部入口区域及中部区域三部分,设计不同方案进行仿真评价,基于方案评价提出了相应对策,验证了仿真模型的有效性。
Along with the growth of the urban transportation demand, rail transit constructed into nets, passengers on the station platform gathered into congestion more and more seriously, especially in some large stations, it is more serious of the situation because of large passengers flowing in at a small period of time. If the passenger flow cannot be evacuated, the subway metro operation efficiency will be affected and result in going on the train not smoothly. It also can cause safety problems.
This paper studied on the Assembling of the Urban Rail Transit Platform, through the analysis of passenger flow characteristics and referring to the calculation about assembling of platform, selecting passenger average density as evaluation parameters for evaluation, it designed and realized Subway Platform Passengers Assembling Simulation System,which could simulate the platform assembling dynamic relationship about passenger up and down、 arriving、leaving, it could be used to get a random moment assembling and effect on the platform, and it provides decision-making basis for subway station and the metro operation organization.
Based on the specific situation about the subway of Beijing south station,this paper analyzed the assembling of platform through current data and simulated using computer,and obtained assembling under different conditions by changing the parameters.Then it created a simulation platform using Anylogic, explained the phenomenon of assembling, and divided the subway station into three parts: western entrance area、eastern entrance area、middle area, evaluated and Verified the effectiveness of the model.
本文针对地铁站台乘客聚集问题进行研究,通过分析站台客流特征,参照计算站台聚集人数的算法,设计实现了地铁站台乘客聚集模拟系统,模拟了地铁列车到达车站的乘客上下车与乘客到达、离开站台对车站站台乘客聚集的动态关系,由此可得到任意时刻站台上的聚集人数及聚集效果,为地铁车站与地铁运营组织,缓解车站站台拥堵,提l供了决策依据。
本文结合地铁北京南站具体情况,基于该站的实际调查数据及编制的计算机模拟软件,对站台乘客聚集现象进行计算机模拟,通过改变参数得出不同条件下乘客在地铁站台的聚集情况。论文选取乘客平均密度作为站台乘客人数的评价指标,应用Anylogic模拟软件,对地铁车站站台乘客聚集进行仿真评价分析,把地铁北京南站站台划分为西部入口区域、东部入口区域及中部区域三部分,设计不同方案进行仿真评价,基于方案评价提出了相应对策,验证了仿真模型的有效性。
Along with the growth of the urban transportation demand, rail transit constructed into nets, passengers on the station platform gathered into congestion more and more seriously, especially in some large stations, it is more serious of the situation because of large passengers flowing in at a small period of time. If the passenger flow cannot be evacuated, the subway metro operation efficiency will be affected and result in going on the train not smoothly. It also can cause safety problems.
This paper studied on the Assembling of the Urban Rail Transit Platform, through the analysis of passenger flow characteristics and referring to the calculation about assembling of platform, selecting passenger average density as evaluation parameters for evaluation, it designed and realized Subway Platform Passengers Assembling Simulation System,which could simulate the platform assembling dynamic relationship about passenger up and down、 arriving、leaving, it could be used to get a random moment assembling and effect on the platform, and it provides decision-making basis for subway station and the metro operation organization.
Based on the specific situation about the subway of Beijing south station,this paper analyzed the assembling of platform through current data and simulated using computer,and obtained assembling under different conditions by changing the parameters.Then it created a simulation platform using Anylogic, explained the phenomenon of assembling, and divided the subway station into three parts: western entrance area、eastern entrance area、middle area, evaluated and Verified the effectiveness of the model.
引文
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[6]王丽华.地铁车站站台规划与设计.[J].北方交通,2008(4)220一222.
[7]赵宇刚.城市轨道交通站台最高聚集人数计算方法研究.[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2008.149-154.
[8]曹守华.城市轨道交通乘客上车时间特性分析及建模.[J].铁道学报,2009.89-93.
[9]王蓉蓉.地铁换乘车站设施规模确定问题研究.[D].北京：北京交通大学,2007.
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[17]陈凤敏.上海地铁车站(站厅、站台)乘客行程轨迹与客流密度的分析研究.[J].地下工程与隧道,1993.
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[20]Cao Shouhua, Yuan Zhenzhou, Li Yanhong, Hu Peifeng, Johnson, Lynwood. Study an Service-Level Classification of Platforms in Beijing Urban Rail Transit. [J]. TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD,2009(21):127-135.
[21]高鹏,邹小磊,徐瑞华.城市轨道交通车站客流分布模拟方法研究[D].北京：北京交通大学,2006.
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[26]王玮南.突发大客流城市轨道交通运营组织研究[D].北京：北京交通大学,2008.
[27]李得伟.城市轨道交通客流与车流的模拟及研究[D].北京：北京交通大学,2007
[28]Ye Deng. Weining Fang. Qingmei Hu. Beiyuan Guo. Computer-Aided Industrial Design & Conceptual Design, 2009. CAID & CD 2009. IEEE 10th International Conference.
[29]梁强升.广州地铁公园前站1、2号线换乘匹配研究[J].城市轨道交通研究,
[30]赵钢.城际客运专线运输组织相关问题研究[D].成都：西南交通大学,2007.2008(4).34-36.
[31]吴先宇：城市轨道交通枢纽设施配置适应性分析及模拟优化方法[D]：北京交通大学：2010.
[32]Winnie Daamen. Modelling Passenger Flows in Public Transport Facilities[D].Delft:Delft University of Technology. 2003.
[33]Kepaptsoglou& K. Karlaftis, M. G. A Model for Analyzing Metro Station Platform Conditions Following a Service Disruption. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC),2010 13th International IEEE Conference.
[34]Assis, Wanderson O. Milani, Basilio E. A. Generation of Optimal Schedules for Metro Lines Using Model Predictive Control.Automatica, August 2004; ISSN: 00051098
[35]Castelli L, Pesenti R, Ukovich W. Scheduling multimodal transportation systems[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2004,155(3):603-615.
[36]Parisi D R, Dorso C 0. Morphological and dynamical aspects of the room evacuation process[J]. Physics A,2007,385:343-355.
[37]毛保华.城市轨道交通系统运营管理.[M].北京：人民交通出版社.2006.83-84.
[38]赵满姣.城市轨道交通车站站台聚集人数与列车运行间隔关系研究[D]：北京交通大学；2011.
[39]毛保华.城市轨道交通[M].北京：科学出版社,2009.137-146.
[40]曹守华.城市轨道交通乘客交通特性分析及建模.[D].北京：北京交通大学.2009.
[41]杜春涛JAVA 6基础教程.[M].北京：清华大学出版社.2011.
[42]郭彦东.铁路客运站客流组织及优化方法研究[D]：北京交通大学：2009.
[43]张素芳.大型客运站旅客流线优化模型与方法研究[D].北京,北京交通大学,2010.
[44]杨肇夏.计算机模拟及其应用.[Ml..北京：中国铁道出版社,1999,7-9
[2]世界各国地铁建设情况[EB/OL].http://blog. sina. com. cn/s/blog_88f89f490100x375. html
[3]Fruin, J., Pedestrian Planning and Design. Metropolitan Association of Urban Designers and Environmental Planners, New York, N. Y. 1971.
[4]Pushkarev, B., Zupan, J., UrbanSpaceforPedestrians. MITPress, Cambridge, Mass.1975.
[5]惠伦.城市轨道交通站台型式方案设计研究.[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2008.167-173.
[6]王丽华.地铁车站站台规划与设计.[J].北方交通,2008(4)220一222.
[7]赵宇刚.城市轨道交通站台最高聚集人数计算方法研究.[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2008.149-154.
[8]曹守华.城市轨道交通乘客上车时间特性分析及建模.[J].铁道学报,2009.89-93.
[9]王蓉蓉.地铁换乘车站设施规模确定问题研究.[D].北京：北京交通大学,2007.
[10]梁广深.同站台换乘车站方案研究.[J].城市轨道交通研究,2005.11一14.
[11]原奕等.数据库开发与工程应用篇.[M].中国铁道出版社,2006.63-90.
[12]陈绍宽.地铁车站内乘客疏散时间计算方法研究.[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2008.101-107.
[13]陆奕婧,邹晓磊.城市轨道交通车站客运组织评价.[J].交通科技与经济,2009.67-69.
[14]沈景炎.乘客动态分布与站台宽度的研究.[J].城市轨道交通研究,2001.9-12.
[15]陶志祥.城市轨道交通客流时空分析研究.[J].城市公共交通,2004.33-35
[16]吴非.城市轨道列车停站期间乘客候乘位置选择研究.[J].城市轨道交通研究,2010.52-56.
[17]陈凤敏.上海地铁车站(站厅、站台)乘客行程轨迹与客流密度的分析研究.[J].地下工程与隧道,1993.
[18]罗江胜.深圳l轨道交通三号线高架车站站台的选型研究.[J].城市轨道交通研究,2007.50-53
[19]佘小莉.城市轨道交通客流与车流模拟及研究[D].北京：北京交通大学,2007.
[20]Cao Shouhua, Yuan Zhenzhou, Li Yanhong, Hu Peifeng, Johnson, Lynwood. Study an Service-Level Classification of Platforms in Beijing Urban Rail Transit. [J]. TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD,2009(21):127-135.
[21]高鹏,邹小磊,徐瑞华.城市轨道交通车站客流分布模拟方法研究[D].北京：北京交通大学,2006.
[22]沈景炎.车站站台乘降区宽度的简便计算.[J].都市快轨交通,2008.9-12
[23]Bai Y, Ma JQ,lst International Conference on Railway Engineering:High-speed Railway, Heavy Haul Railway and Urban Rail Transit Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA, AUG 20-21, 2010.
[24]王修志.断面客流不均衡条件下的地铁行车组织方法[J]：铁道运营技术,2009.16-19
[26]王玮南.突发大客流城市轨道交通运营组织研究[D].北京：北京交通大学,2008.
[27]李得伟.城市轨道交通客流与车流的模拟及研究[D].北京：北京交通大学,2007
[28]Ye Deng. Weining Fang. Qingmei Hu. Beiyuan Guo. Computer-Aided Industrial Design & Conceptual Design, 2009. CAID & CD 2009. IEEE 10th International Conference.
[29]梁强升.广州地铁公园前站1、2号线换乘匹配研究[J].城市轨道交通研究,
[30]赵钢.城际客运专线运输组织相关问题研究[D].成都：西南交通大学,2007.2008(4).34-36.
[31]吴先宇：城市轨道交通枢纽设施配置适应性分析及模拟优化方法[D]：北京交通大学：2010.
[32]Winnie Daamen. Modelling Passenger Flows in Public Transport Facilities[D].Delft:Delft University of Technology. 2003.
[33]Kepaptsoglou& K. Karlaftis, M. G. A Model for Analyzing Metro Station Platform Conditions Following a Service Disruption. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC),2010 13th International IEEE Conference.
[34]Assis, Wanderson O. Milani, Basilio E. A. Generation of Optimal Schedules for Metro Lines Using Model Predictive Control.Automatica, August 2004; ISSN: 00051098
[35]Castelli L, Pesenti R, Ukovich W. Scheduling multimodal transportation systems[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2004,155(3):603-615.
[36]Parisi D R, Dorso C 0. Morphological and dynamical aspects of the room evacuation process[J]. Physics A,2007,385:343-355.
[37]毛保华.城市轨道交通系统运营管理.[M].北京：人民交通出版社.2006.83-84.
[38]赵满姣.城市轨道交通车站站台聚集人数与列车运行间隔关系研究[D]：北京交通大学；2011.
[39]毛保华.城市轨道交通[M].北京：科学出版社,2009.137-146.
[40]曹守华.城市轨道交通乘客交通特性分析及建模.[D].北京：北京交通大学.2009.
[41]杜春涛JAVA 6基础教程.[M].北京：清华大学出版社.2011.
[42]郭彦东.铁路客运站客流组织及优化方法研究[D]：北京交通大学：2009.
[43]张素芳.大型客运站旅客流线优化模型与方法研究[D].北京,北京交通大学,2010.
[44]杨肇夏.计算机模拟及其应用.[Ml..北京：中国铁道出版社,1999,7-9