矿井低压电网综合保护系统的研究
|
摘要
随着采煤自动化技术的发展，对矿井供电的连续性、可靠性和安全性提出了越来越高的要求，因此对矿井低压电网综合保护系统的研究具有重要的理论和应用价值。本文针对智能电器技术在矿井低压电网综合保护系统中的应用问题，结合电力系统继电保护技术和智能电器技术的研究，提出了矿井低压电网智能综合保护的控制技术和保护方法，并将其应用到矿井低压电网中，试验和运行结果表明所提出的保护方法正确、有效、实用。本文的主要研究内容如下：
1．分析了煤矿供电系统的特点和研究矿井低压电网综合保护系统的实际意义，回顾了国内外矿井低压电网综合保护技术和智能电器技术的发展历史，指出了目前矿井低压电网保护所存在的问题，提出了新型智能矿井低压电网综合保护系统的设计方案，并将其应用到矿井低压电网中。
2．根据矿井低压电网的实际情况，从理论上分析了矿井低压电网常见故障的电气特征，并参照相关标准提出了相应的保护原理和动作指标。重点解决了选择性漏电保护、相敏保护、动态过载保护等长期困扰电网可靠运行的问题，使矿井低压电网保护技术有了新的进展。
3．以高性能单片机AT89C52为中央控制单元，设计了一种
太原理_L大学硕士学位论文
新型智能综合保护系统，该系统不仅具有电压、电流、漏电、
风电瓦斯闭锁等综合保护功能，还具有液晶显示、RS一232串行
通讯、4一2OlllA电流信号输出功能。系统保护功能完善、人机界
面良好、通讯功能强大，达到了同类产品中的先进水平。
4.逻辑功能的设计采用了大规模可编程逻辑器件CPLD，提
高了系统的可靠性、保密性和灵活性。
5.研究了保护系统中主要干扰源的特征，对应不同的干扰
信号制定了相应的硬件和软件抗干扰措施，提高了系统的工作
可靠性。
经过初步试验结果表明:系统运行稳定、动作可靠、技术指
标符合设计要求，证明了设计方案的正确性和实用性。
With the development of automatic technology- in underground, the more requirements are raised to improve the continuity, reliability and security of underground power supply system. It is hence very important in theory and practice to develop the synthesis protection system in underground LV distribution networks. The main object in this thesis is to solve the problems of applying the intelligent control technology to synthesis protective system in underground LV distribution networks. Combined with the research of protective technology and intelligent control technology in power system, the control techniques and protective methods in the synthesis protection system of underground distribution networks are proposed. It has been successful to apply the intelligent protective system in underground LV flameproof switchgears. By testing and running in underground, it has been shown that the protective methods in the system are right, valid and practicable. The main studying aspects are the followings:
1. The characteristics of underground LV distribution networks and the actual significance to develop the project are analyzed, and the developing histories of the synthesis protection and intelligent control technology are reviewed, In addition, the disadvantages of traditional synthesis protective system are pointed out, and the new detecting methods and control strategies applied in the measurement and control system are put forward. The testing results show that the detecting methods are correct and the control strategies are practical.
2. According to the actual situations in underground LV distribution networks, the characteristics of the electrical faults occured in the system are theoretically analyzed, and relevant protective principles and control strategies are proposed on the basis of national relative standards. Some difficult problems like selective earth leakage protection, phase sensitive protection and
dynamic overload protection have been resolved, which makes a new progress in underground protective technology.
3. A new type of intelligent synthesis protective system cortrolled by the microcomputer AT89C52 has been designed, which performs the functions of not only voltage protection, current protection, earth leakage protection, phase open protection and gas lock, but also liquid crystal display, RS-232 serial communication and 4-20 mA current signal output. The perfect protective functions, favorable man-machine interface and powerful communication function make the system reach more advanced level than others.
4. The large-scale programmable logic device CPLD is applied to design logical circuit in the protective system, which can improve the reliability, security and flexibility of underground LV distribution networks.
5. On the basis of analyzing the electrical characteristics of interference sources in underground, the corresponding hardware and software measures of anti-interference are taken to increase the reliability of the protective system.
The new synthesis protective system has been tested in intelligent control laboratory. It has been shown that the protective system runs stably and operates reliably. In addition, the technical specifications have fully met the requirements proposed in overall scheme. It has been proved by the mention above that the designing methods and strategies are right and practical.
1．分析了煤矿供电系统的特点和研究矿井低压电网综合保护系统的实际意义，回顾了国内外矿井低压电网综合保护技术和智能电器技术的发展历史，指出了目前矿井低压电网保护所存在的问题，提出了新型智能矿井低压电网综合保护系统的设计方案，并将其应用到矿井低压电网中。
2．根据矿井低压电网的实际情况，从理论上分析了矿井低压电网常见故障的电气特征，并参照相关标准提出了相应的保护原理和动作指标。重点解决了选择性漏电保护、相敏保护、动态过载保护等长期困扰电网可靠运行的问题，使矿井低压电网保护技术有了新的进展。
3．以高性能单片机AT89C52为中央控制单元，设计了一种
太原理_L大学硕士学位论文
新型智能综合保护系统，该系统不仅具有电压、电流、漏电、
风电瓦斯闭锁等综合保护功能，还具有液晶显示、RS一232串行
通讯、4一2OlllA电流信号输出功能。系统保护功能完善、人机界
面良好、通讯功能强大，达到了同类产品中的先进水平。
4.逻辑功能的设计采用了大规模可编程逻辑器件CPLD，提
高了系统的可靠性、保密性和灵活性。
5.研究了保护系统中主要干扰源的特征，对应不同的干扰
信号制定了相应的硬件和软件抗干扰措施，提高了系统的工作
可靠性。
经过初步试验结果表明:系统运行稳定、动作可靠、技术指
标符合设计要求，证明了设计方案的正确性和实用性。
With the development of automatic technology- in underground, the more requirements are raised to improve the continuity, reliability and security of underground power supply system. It is hence very important in theory and practice to develop the synthesis protection system in underground LV distribution networks. The main object in this thesis is to solve the problems of applying the intelligent control technology to synthesis protective system in underground LV distribution networks. Combined with the research of protective technology and intelligent control technology in power system, the control techniques and protective methods in the synthesis protection system of underground distribution networks are proposed. It has been successful to apply the intelligent protective system in underground LV flameproof switchgears. By testing and running in underground, it has been shown that the protective methods in the system are right, valid and practicable. The main studying aspects are the followings:
1. The characteristics of underground LV distribution networks and the actual significance to develop the project are analyzed, and the developing histories of the synthesis protection and intelligent control technology are reviewed, In addition, the disadvantages of traditional synthesis protective system are pointed out, and the new detecting methods and control strategies applied in the measurement and control system are put forward. The testing results show that the detecting methods are correct and the control strategies are practical.
2. According to the actual situations in underground LV distribution networks, the characteristics of the electrical faults occured in the system are theoretically analyzed, and relevant protective principles and control strategies are proposed on the basis of national relative standards. Some difficult problems like selective earth leakage protection, phase sensitive protection and
dynamic overload protection have been resolved, which makes a new progress in underground protective technology.
3. A new type of intelligent synthesis protective system cortrolled by the microcomputer AT89C52 has been designed, which performs the functions of not only voltage protection, current protection, earth leakage protection, phase open protection and gas lock, but also liquid crystal display, RS-232 serial communication and 4-20 mA current signal output. The perfect protective functions, favorable man-machine interface and powerful communication function make the system reach more advanced level than others.
4. The large-scale programmable logic device CPLD is applied to design logical circuit in the protective system, which can improve the reliability, security and flexibility of underground LV distribution networks.
5. On the basis of analyzing the electrical characteristics of interference sources in underground, the corresponding hardware and software measures of anti-interference are taken to increase the reliability of the protective system.
The new synthesis protective system has been tested in intelligent control laboratory. It has been shown that the protective system runs stably and operates reliably. In addition, the technical specifications have fully met the requirements proposed in overall scheme. It has been proved by the mention above that the designing methods and strategies are right and practical.
引文
[1]．煤矿安全规程．北京：煤炭工业出版社，2001，10．
[2] 杜松怀．我国电网继电保护技术的发展过程及趋势，农村电气化，1994(8)
[3] 胡天禄．矿井电网的漏电保护，北京：煤炭工业出版社，1987．
[4] 郝俊芳．太原理工大学硕士毕业论文，2001
[5] 宋建成．ZDB系列单片机电动机综合保护器．煤矿自动化，1993(4)．
[6] Thomas N. The effects of very-high-resistance grounding on the selectivity of ground-fault relaying in high-voltage longwall power systems [J], IEEE Trans IndAppl, 2001, 37(2):398-406.
[7] Thomas N, Jeffrey L K. Technological innovations in deep coalmine power systems [J]. IEEE Trans Ind Appl, 1998,34(1):196-204.
[8] Frank E S. New ground fault protection system minimizes electrical shock hazards [J]. CoalMining&Processing, 1981 (6):65-69.
[9] Frederick C T, Hemant G R, Jeffrey L K. A coordination-free ground-fault relay for AC mine distribution systems [J]. IEEE Trans Ind Appl, 1989, 25(5) :819-823.
[10] 牟龙华，孟庆海，胡天禄．基于故障分量有功功率的选择性漏电保护，中国矿业大学学报，2002，31(4)
[11] 宋建成等．矿井电网过电流特征分析及其保护系统的研究，煤炭学报，2001，26(1)
[12] 崔景岳，刘思沛，聂文龙．煤矿供电．北京：煤炭工业出版社，1998：91～92、17～18
[13] Anderson, P.M., Analysis of Faulted Power System, Power Systems Engineering Series, IEEE Press, 1995.
[14] Lo K L, Zhang C. Dccomposed three phasc power flow solution using the scquence component frame. IEE Pro-ceedings-C, 1993,140(3): 181～188
[15] Chen Mo-Shing, Dillon William E. Power system modeling. Proceedings of IEEE, 1974(7),901～915
[16] A.N.Eliasen. high-inertia drive motors and their starting characteristics, IEEE Trans. on power Apparatus and system, Vol. PAS-99, No .4july/angnst 1980
[17] BishopMTetal. Overcurrent protection alternatives forun-dergound distribution systems. IEEE Trans on Power Delivery, 1995; 10(1)
[18] Fuziyi、WangXin、Liuchunsheng.Research on the overload protection of switch by micro- computer[A]. Proceedings in Mining Science and Satety Technology[C]. Beijing: Science Press, 2002.572.
[19] 中华人民共和国煤炭行业标准MT871—2000，矿用隔爆型低压交流真空馈电开关．北京：国家煤炭工业局．
[20] Chen B K, Chen M S, Shoults R R, etal. Hybrid three phase load flow. IEE Proceedings, 1990, 137(3): 177～185
[21] 柳春生，焦留成．小型隔爆电动机过载断相保护技术及其微机算法的研究，煤炭学报，2003，28(4)
[22] 侯同强，刘和平．FPGA与CPLD器件的特点与应用．电子与自动化．2000(2)：8～10
[23] 戴紫彬．在系统可编程器件的输入信号处理技术．电子技术．2000(3)：29
[24] 潘松．CPLD/FPGA在电子设计中的应用前景．电子技术应用．1999(7)：7～8
[25] 宋万杰，罗丰，吴顺君．CPLD技术及其应用．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社．1999(9)：105
[26] 张有志．可编程逻辑器件(PLD)原理与应用．北京：中国铁道出版社．1996(9)：4
[27] 潘松，王国栋．VHDL实用教程．成都：电子科技大学出版社．2000(3)：223～243
[28] 赵旭光，郭万有，杨颂华．可编程逻辑器件原理、开发与应用．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社．2000(8)：3～24
[29] 王崇林、皱有明等．供电技术，北京：煤炭工业出版社，1997
[30] 童中祥．矿用真空电器过电压及抑制方法的研究．电器防爆，1995(1)：5～7
[31]．戈军．RC过电压吸收器在设计中的应用．煤矿设计，1995(6)：23～25
[32] LCD在线液晶显示器技术手册12864—12A
[33] Christopher E. Strangio. The RS-232 standard. Copyright 1993-2003 CAMI Research Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts.
[34] 武自芳，虞鹤松．微机控制系统及其应用(修订本)．西安：西安交通大学出版社，1998．
[35] QTH系列仿真器开发系统用户手册．启东市微机应用研究所．1999，6．
[36] 丁恩杰、谭得健等．微机监控系统抗干扰方法的研究及设计．煤矿自动化，1995(3)：10～12
[37] 何立民．MCS-51系列单片机系统及应用．北京：高等教育出版社，1995．
[38] 牛树仁，陈滋平编．煤矿固定机械及运输设备．北京：煤炭工业出版社，1991．
[39] 周航慈．单片机应用程序设计技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2002
[2] 杜松怀．我国电网继电保护技术的发展过程及趋势，农村电气化，1994(8)
[3] 胡天禄．矿井电网的漏电保护，北京：煤炭工业出版社，1987．
[4] 郝俊芳．太原理工大学硕士毕业论文，2001
[5] 宋建成．ZDB系列单片机电动机综合保护器．煤矿自动化，1993(4)．
[6] Thomas N. The effects of very-high-resistance grounding on the selectivity of ground-fault relaying in high-voltage longwall power systems [J], IEEE Trans IndAppl, 2001, 37(2):398-406.
[7] Thomas N, Jeffrey L K. Technological innovations in deep coalmine power systems [J]. IEEE Trans Ind Appl, 1998,34(1):196-204.
[8] Frank E S. New ground fault protection system minimizes electrical shock hazards [J]. CoalMining&Processing, 1981 (6):65-69.
[9] Frederick C T, Hemant G R, Jeffrey L K. A coordination-free ground-fault relay for AC mine distribution systems [J]. IEEE Trans Ind Appl, 1989, 25(5) :819-823.
[10] 牟龙华，孟庆海，胡天禄．基于故障分量有功功率的选择性漏电保护，中国矿业大学学报，2002，31(4)
[11] 宋建成等．矿井电网过电流特征分析及其保护系统的研究，煤炭学报，2001，26(1)
[12] 崔景岳，刘思沛，聂文龙．煤矿供电．北京：煤炭工业出版社，1998：91～92、17～18
[13] Anderson, P.M., Analysis of Faulted Power System, Power Systems Engineering Series, IEEE Press, 1995.
[14] Lo K L, Zhang C. Dccomposed three phasc power flow solution using the scquence component frame. IEE Pro-ceedings-C, 1993,140(3): 181～188
[15] Chen Mo-Shing, Dillon William E. Power system modeling. Proceedings of IEEE, 1974(7),901～915
[16] A.N.Eliasen. high-inertia drive motors and their starting characteristics, IEEE Trans. on power Apparatus and system, Vol. PAS-99, No .4july/angnst 1980
[17] BishopMTetal. Overcurrent protection alternatives forun-dergound distribution systems. IEEE Trans on Power Delivery, 1995; 10(1)
[18] Fuziyi、WangXin、Liuchunsheng.Research on the overload protection of switch by micro- computer[A]. Proceedings in Mining Science and Satety Technology[C]. Beijing: Science Press, 2002.572.
[19] 中华人民共和国煤炭行业标准MT871—2000，矿用隔爆型低压交流真空馈电开关．北京：国家煤炭工业局．
[20] Chen B K, Chen M S, Shoults R R, etal. Hybrid three phase load flow. IEE Proceedings, 1990, 137(3): 177～185
[21] 柳春生，焦留成．小型隔爆电动机过载断相保护技术及其微机算法的研究，煤炭学报，2003，28(4)
[22] 侯同强，刘和平．FPGA与CPLD器件的特点与应用．电子与自动化．2000(2)：8～10
[23] 戴紫彬．在系统可编程器件的输入信号处理技术．电子技术．2000(3)：29
[24] 潘松．CPLD/FPGA在电子设计中的应用前景．电子技术应用．1999(7)：7～8
[25] 宋万杰，罗丰，吴顺君．CPLD技术及其应用．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社．1999(9)：105
[26] 张有志．可编程逻辑器件(PLD)原理与应用．北京：中国铁道出版社．1996(9)：4
[27] 潘松，王国栋．VHDL实用教程．成都：电子科技大学出版社．2000(3)：223～243
[28] 赵旭光，郭万有，杨颂华．可编程逻辑器件原理、开发与应用．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社．2000(8)：3～24
[29] 王崇林、皱有明等．供电技术，北京：煤炭工业出版社，1997
[30] 童中祥．矿用真空电器过电压及抑制方法的研究．电器防爆，1995(1)：5～7
[31]．戈军．RC过电压吸收器在设计中的应用．煤矿设计，1995(6)：23～25
[32] LCD在线液晶显示器技术手册12864—12A
[33] Christopher E. Strangio. The RS-232 standard. Copyright 1993-2003 CAMI Research Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts.
[34] 武自芳，虞鹤松．微机控制系统及其应用(修订本)．西安：西安交通大学出版社，1998．
[35] QTH系列仿真器开发系统用户手册．启东市微机应用研究所．1999，6．
[36] 丁恩杰、谭得健等．微机监控系统抗干扰方法的研究及设计．煤矿自动化，1995(3)：10～12
[37] 何立民．MCS-51系列单片机系统及应用．北京：高等教育出版社，1995．
[38] 牛树仁，陈滋平编．煤矿固定机械及运输设备．北京：煤炭工业出版社，1991．
[39] 周航慈．单片机应用程序设计技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2002