大口径舰炮链式供弹平台动力学特性研究
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摘要
大口径舰炮在海陆军联合作战体系中有着重要的地位。为了保证大口径舰炮的持续战斗能力，在大口径舰炮的研制过程中必须考虑其供弹稳定性。针对该问题，本论文通过大口径舰炮链式供弹平台的动力学建模、仿真及优化研究分析供弹平台的动力学特性、找出引起炮弹晃动的主要因素，在此基础上进一步优化相关的系统参数以提高其供弹稳定性。本文主要工作内容包括以下几个方面：
针对大口径舰炮链式供弹平台的结构，以供弹平台滚子链柔性铰多刚体模型、基于绝对节点坐标方法的扶弹板簧柔性模型以及基于Hertz接触理论的滚子-链轮/扶弹板簧-炮弹的点接触碰撞模型建立了大口径舰炮链式供弹平台含接触碰撞的刚柔混合动力学模型，并进一步研究了模型中柔性铰刚度系数确定和扶弹板簧预变形处理的方法。
基于大口径舰炮链式供弹平台含接触碰撞的刚柔混合动力学模型，提出了供弹平台的滚子-链轮/扶弹板簧-炮弹的接触碰撞算法和扶弹板簧柔/刚转换方法。在接触碰撞算法中研究了考虑链轮完整齿廓的滚子与链轮接触碰撞快速搜索策略。在扶弹板簧柔/刚转换方法中研究了确定扶弹板簧柔/刚转换时间的方法。
针对含接触碰撞的刚柔混合模型的大口径舰炮链式供弹平台动力学仿真，开发了ADAMS用户子程序。在此基础上，分别分析了供弹平台的频域和时域振动特性，获得了抱弹筒质量和扶弹板簧厚度对供弹平台固有振动频率和频率响应的影响以及供弹过程中供弹平台固有振动频率和频率响应的变化情况，得到了抱弹筒质量和扶弹板簧厚度对供弹平台滚子-链轮啮合冲击和供弹过程中各发炮弹晃动的影响。
为了提高大口径舰炮链式供弹平台的供弹稳定性，对供弹平台的动力学优化进行了研究。以增加炮弹通过扬弹筒筒口瞬时弹底缘至扬弹筒内壁的最小间隙为优化目标，建立了大口径舰炮链式供弹平台的动力学优化模型。针对现有优化方法在对大口径舰炮链式供弹平台这类复杂的多体系统进行动力学优化所存在的不足，提出了用于供弹平台动力学优化的一种基于双种群遗传算法与粒子群算法的混合优化算法。通过自编程序将混合优化算法引入iSIGHT，在此基础上通过ADAMS/iSIGHT联合仿真实现了供弹平台的动力学优化。
Large-caliber naval guns have played a significant part in combined operations of navyand army in recent years. The shell feeding stability must be taken into account in the designof large-caliber guns to ensure the continued fighting ability. Aiming at the problem,dynamics modeling, simulation and optimization of the chain shell feeding platform oflarge-caliber naval guns were researched. Furthermore, its dynamics characteristics wereanalyzed to identify the main factors that cause shells rocking and then the system parameterswere optimized to improve shell feeding stability and reliability. The main contents is asfolllows:
According to the structure of the chain shell feeding platform of large-caliber naval guns,a rigid-flexible hybrid dynamic model with contact-impact was established. The modelincludes the multi-body rigid model with flexible joints of the roller chain in shell feedingplatform, the flexible body model of shell-clasping leaf springs based on absolute nodalcoordinates method and points contact-impact model of the contact-impacts between rollersand sprockets and that between shell-clasping leaf springs and shell based on Hertz contacttheory. The methods on stiffness coefficient determination of felxible joints and thepre-defrorm process of shell-clasping leaf springs were studied afterward.
Based on the rigid-flexible hybrid dynamic model with contact-impact, thecontact-impact algorithm and the flexible/rigid switching method of shell-clasping leafsprings were studied. In the contact-impact algorithm, a quick method to search thecontact-impact between the sprocket with complete tooth profile and roller was proposed. Inflexible/rigid switching method of shell-clasping leaf springs, the method to determine switchtime was researched.
According to the dynamic simulation of shell feeding platform with rigid-flexible hybriddynamic model with contact-impact, ADAMS users subroutine was developed. On this basis,the frequency-domain and time-domain vibration characteristics of shell feeding platform areanalyzed. In frequency-domain analysis, the effect of the weight of shell container and thethickness of shell-clasping leaf spring on vibration frequency and frequency response of shellfeeding platform was discussed, and the variation of vibration frequency and frequency response in feeding process was obtained. In time-domain analysis, the effect of the weight ofshell container and the thickness of shell-clasping leaf spring on meshing impact betweenroller and sprocket as well as the rocking of each shell in feeding process were obtained.
In order to improve the shell feeding reliability of feeding platform, the dynamicoptimization of shell feeding platform was performed. By defining the increase of theminimum clearance between shell bottom edge and inner wall of hoist at the moment whenshell passes its entrance as optimization objective, the dynamic optimization model wasestablished. Considering the shortcomings of existing optimization method in dynamicoptimization of the complex multi-body systems like shell feeding platform of large-caliberguns, a hybrid optimization algorithm of two-population genetic algorithm and particle swarmalgorithm is proposed. The hybrid optimization algorithm was introduced into iSIGHT byprograming, and then ADAMS/iSIGHT joint simulation was performed to accomplish shellfeeding platform dynamic optimization.
针对大口径舰炮链式供弹平台的结构，以供弹平台滚子链柔性铰多刚体模型、基于绝对节点坐标方法的扶弹板簧柔性模型以及基于Hertz接触理论的滚子-链轮/扶弹板簧-炮弹的点接触碰撞模型建立了大口径舰炮链式供弹平台含接触碰撞的刚柔混合动力学模型，并进一步研究了模型中柔性铰刚度系数确定和扶弹板簧预变形处理的方法。
基于大口径舰炮链式供弹平台含接触碰撞的刚柔混合动力学模型，提出了供弹平台的滚子-链轮/扶弹板簧-炮弹的接触碰撞算法和扶弹板簧柔/刚转换方法。在接触碰撞算法中研究了考虑链轮完整齿廓的滚子与链轮接触碰撞快速搜索策略。在扶弹板簧柔/刚转换方法中研究了确定扶弹板簧柔/刚转换时间的方法。
针对含接触碰撞的刚柔混合模型的大口径舰炮链式供弹平台动力学仿真，开发了ADAMS用户子程序。在此基础上，分别分析了供弹平台的频域和时域振动特性，获得了抱弹筒质量和扶弹板簧厚度对供弹平台固有振动频率和频率响应的影响以及供弹过程中供弹平台固有振动频率和频率响应的变化情况，得到了抱弹筒质量和扶弹板簧厚度对供弹平台滚子-链轮啮合冲击和供弹过程中各发炮弹晃动的影响。
为了提高大口径舰炮链式供弹平台的供弹稳定性，对供弹平台的动力学优化进行了研究。以增加炮弹通过扬弹筒筒口瞬时弹底缘至扬弹筒内壁的最小间隙为优化目标，建立了大口径舰炮链式供弹平台的动力学优化模型。针对现有优化方法在对大口径舰炮链式供弹平台这类复杂的多体系统进行动力学优化所存在的不足，提出了用于供弹平台动力学优化的一种基于双种群遗传算法与粒子群算法的混合优化算法。通过自编程序将混合优化算法引入iSIGHT，在此基础上通过ADAMS/iSIGHT联合仿真实现了供弹平台的动力学优化。
Large-caliber naval guns have played a significant part in combined operations of navyand army in recent years. The shell feeding stability must be taken into account in the designof large-caliber guns to ensure the continued fighting ability. Aiming at the problem,dynamics modeling, simulation and optimization of the chain shell feeding platform oflarge-caliber naval guns were researched. Furthermore, its dynamics characteristics wereanalyzed to identify the main factors that cause shells rocking and then the system parameterswere optimized to improve shell feeding stability and reliability. The main contents is asfolllows:
According to the structure of the chain shell feeding platform of large-caliber naval guns,a rigid-flexible hybrid dynamic model with contact-impact was established. The modelincludes the multi-body rigid model with flexible joints of the roller chain in shell feedingplatform, the flexible body model of shell-clasping leaf springs based on absolute nodalcoordinates method and points contact-impact model of the contact-impacts between rollersand sprockets and that between shell-clasping leaf springs and shell based on Hertz contacttheory. The methods on stiffness coefficient determination of felxible joints and thepre-defrorm process of shell-clasping leaf springs were studied afterward.
Based on the rigid-flexible hybrid dynamic model with contact-impact, thecontact-impact algorithm and the flexible/rigid switching method of shell-clasping leafsprings were studied. In the contact-impact algorithm, a quick method to search thecontact-impact between the sprocket with complete tooth profile and roller was proposed. Inflexible/rigid switching method of shell-clasping leaf springs, the method to determine switchtime was researched.
According to the dynamic simulation of shell feeding platform with rigid-flexible hybriddynamic model with contact-impact, ADAMS users subroutine was developed. On this basis,the frequency-domain and time-domain vibration characteristics of shell feeding platform areanalyzed. In frequency-domain analysis, the effect of the weight of shell container and thethickness of shell-clasping leaf spring on vibration frequency and frequency response of shellfeeding platform was discussed, and the variation of vibration frequency and frequency response in feeding process was obtained. In time-domain analysis, the effect of the weight ofshell container and the thickness of shell-clasping leaf spring on meshing impact betweenroller and sprocket as well as the rocking of each shell in feeding process were obtained.
In order to improve the shell feeding reliability of feeding platform, the dynamicoptimization of shell feeding platform was performed. By defining the increase of theminimum clearance between shell bottom edge and inner wall of hoist at the moment whenshell passes its entrance as optimization objective, the dynamic optimization model wasestablished. Considering the shortcomings of existing optimization method in dynamicoptimization of the complex multi-body systems like shell feeding platform of large-caliberguns, a hybrid optimization algorithm of two-population genetic algorithm and particle swarmalgorithm is proposed. The hybrid optimization algorithm was introduced into iSIGHT byprograming, and then ADAMS/iSIGHT joint simulation was performed to accomplish shellfeeding platform dynamic optimization.
引文
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