百仕达花园基坑支护优化设计与数值模拟
|
摘要
基坑工程是当前大家十分关注的岩土工程热点,也是技术复杂综合性很强的难点,又是提高工程质量减少事故的重点。基坑支护类型的优选和支护设计计算的优化,是解决这个难点和重点的关键。
本文结合我参加的实际工程百仕达花园基坑进行了支护结构的优化设计与基坑的数值模拟。根据其工程概况和工程地质条件,秉着经济、合理、安全、方便施工的原则,对各种支护类型的适用范围和优缺点进行详细分析,优选出该基坑支护类型,即放坡开挖、土钉墙支护、多支点桩锚支护。在此基础上,运用等值梁法和弹性地基法两种方法互补,对支护结构进行设计计算。根据其计算结果分别进行了锚杆、单桩以及整体的设计,通过稳定性验算证明了设计的合理性。并选择了一典型剖面利用功能强大的岩土工程软件FLAC对其进行了数值模拟,将模拟结果与实际的监测数据进行了对比分析,结论基本一致,说明用FLAC软件去进行基坑的数值分析是可行的,对同类工程基坑支护设计和施工具有指导意义。
The foundation pit project is the geotechnical engineering focus point that all very much pay attention to now .It is a synthesizing problem of geotechnical technique .Include the typical strength ,stability and transform,it still involves the common function of the soil and structure.
Deep foundation pit construction has a lot of forms,and each has its own suitable conditions,different designs and different calculations. Despite foundation pit support technical has much monograph, but the most talk about basis of theory, design and calculation, theoretical content. But the books are lack about targeting a specific object with geological conditions, surroundings and functional requirements, how to choose a reasonable both economic and safe, effective and simple support program.Because of complexity of foundation pit engineering,unsuitable design and construction,the frequency of foundation pit engineering accident is high,which makes people living and the nation economic loss. In actual projects, the sizes, excavation depth, hydrogeology conditions, and the surrounding environment with each foundation are not the same. In order to solve complex engineering problems, it often requires integrated applications multiple technologies. So carrying out the design of specific foundation is necessary.
In the paper,we first analyze the present condition of foundation pit engineering,then summarize characteristics and suitable conditions of all supporting forms.Besides these,we emphases the theories and calculations of united supporting which pile-anchor and soil-nailed wall were united simultaneity.According to fact of foundation pit in BaiShiDa Garden,we start with optimized project and analyze applicability of the every supporting forms for this engeering,then we adopt equivalent beam and m methods to calculate and optimize the design,which is the most economic and reasonable and which is the most suitable design.
The result of the design,calculation and construction shows that the united supporting which pile-anchor and soil-nailed wall were united is successful in this engineering.The design ensures foundation pit safety without big transforming and displacement.On the one hand,soil-nailed wall is the most economicsupporting form,and the united supporting saved the engineering spending.On the other hand,pile-anchor and soil nail can dig synchronously with earthwork without impropriating the time additionally.In conclusion,the united supporting has innovative meaning.We can adopt different supporting forms according to different situations.And problem occurred in this engineering can arose engineer attention for the future.
The key content and study as follows:
The selection of support system will think over the security, the economy, facilitate construction according to the special condition. When the program is designed, on the basis different conditions for a variety of support structures, we summed up the select program for the foundation pit works. the foundation pit is high in west and low in east,the max depth is 17.7m and the min is 13.2m. The construction site is located in the business district, This design will use pile anchors and soil-nailed wall support program. Basing on the prospecting data, and weighing all the pros and cons of structural endogenous force calculation, this paper count simply through traditional equivalent beam to get the anchor power and the greatest moment.Using m to optimize the calculation result,then we adopted equivalent beam method to design minutely.
Based on the design principles and formula of the anchor, we given
preliminaryresultsofthefixedlength,thefreelength,inclination,distance,anchor diameter. Based on length and parameter of the pile, calculated the cross-sectional area, number the steel etc. According to the size and other data, combining the design result of pile and anchor, got the number of the piles along long margin, short margin and the overall number of piles, gave the furnished tables the anchor and the layout map of the pile, the profile and node map of the anchor. Checking the resist-rise stability and the overall stability of the pit, certificated fully the pit is stable and the design is reasonable.The basic principles of numerical simulation methods and Lagrangian are introduced. The FLAC is given a brief statement. FLAC then applied to the excavation process of excavation and support of the numerical simulation, the results were analyzed, proceed with the actual monitoring results, it is indicated for use FLAC pit simulation analysis is feasible. After the excavation for a project designed to provide a supplemental means.
本文结合我参加的实际工程百仕达花园基坑进行了支护结构的优化设计与基坑的数值模拟。根据其工程概况和工程地质条件,秉着经济、合理、安全、方便施工的原则,对各种支护类型的适用范围和优缺点进行详细分析,优选出该基坑支护类型,即放坡开挖、土钉墙支护、多支点桩锚支护。在此基础上,运用等值梁法和弹性地基法两种方法互补,对支护结构进行设计计算。根据其计算结果分别进行了锚杆、单桩以及整体的设计,通过稳定性验算证明了设计的合理性。并选择了一典型剖面利用功能强大的岩土工程软件FLAC对其进行了数值模拟,将模拟结果与实际的监测数据进行了对比分析,结论基本一致,说明用FLAC软件去进行基坑的数值分析是可行的,对同类工程基坑支护设计和施工具有指导意义。
The foundation pit project is the geotechnical engineering focus point that all very much pay attention to now .It is a synthesizing problem of geotechnical technique .Include the typical strength ,stability and transform,it still involves the common function of the soil and structure.
Deep foundation pit construction has a lot of forms,and each has its own suitable conditions,different designs and different calculations. Despite foundation pit support technical has much monograph, but the most talk about basis of theory, design and calculation, theoretical content. But the books are lack about targeting a specific object with geological conditions, surroundings and functional requirements, how to choose a reasonable both economic and safe, effective and simple support program.Because of complexity of foundation pit engineering,unsuitable design and construction,the frequency of foundation pit engineering accident is high,which makes people living and the nation economic loss. In actual projects, the sizes, excavation depth, hydrogeology conditions, and the surrounding environment with each foundation are not the same. In order to solve complex engineering problems, it often requires integrated applications multiple technologies. So carrying out the design of specific foundation is necessary.
In the paper,we first analyze the present condition of foundation pit engineering,then summarize characteristics and suitable conditions of all supporting forms.Besides these,we emphases the theories and calculations of united supporting which pile-anchor and soil-nailed wall were united simultaneity.According to fact of foundation pit in BaiShiDa Garden,we start with optimized project and analyze applicability of the every supporting forms for this engeering,then we adopt equivalent beam and m methods to calculate and optimize the design,which is the most economic and reasonable and which is the most suitable design.
The result of the design,calculation and construction shows that the united supporting which pile-anchor and soil-nailed wall were united is successful in this engineering.The design ensures foundation pit safety without big transforming and displacement.On the one hand,soil-nailed wall is the most economicsupporting form,and the united supporting saved the engineering spending.On the other hand,pile-anchor and soil nail can dig synchronously with earthwork without impropriating the time additionally.In conclusion,the united supporting has innovative meaning.We can adopt different supporting forms according to different situations.And problem occurred in this engineering can arose engineer attention for the future.
The key content and study as follows:
The selection of support system will think over the security, the economy, facilitate construction according to the special condition. When the program is designed, on the basis different conditions for a variety of support structures, we summed up the select program for the foundation pit works. the foundation pit is high in west and low in east,the max depth is 17.7m and the min is 13.2m. The construction site is located in the business district, This design will use pile anchors and soil-nailed wall support program. Basing on the prospecting data, and weighing all the pros and cons of structural endogenous force calculation, this paper count simply through traditional equivalent beam to get the anchor power and the greatest moment.Using m to optimize the calculation result,then we adopted equivalent beam method to design minutely.
Based on the design principles and formula of the anchor, we given
preliminaryresultsofthefixedlength,thefreelength,inclination,distance,anchor diameter. Based on length and parameter of the pile, calculated the cross-sectional area, number the steel etc. According to the size and other data, combining the design result of pile and anchor, got the number of the piles along long margin, short margin and the overall number of piles, gave the furnished tables the anchor and the layout map of the pile, the profile and node map of the anchor. Checking the resist-rise stability and the overall stability of the pit, certificated fully the pit is stable and the design is reasonable.The basic principles of numerical simulation methods and Lagrangian are introduced. The FLAC is given a brief statement. FLAC then applied to the excavation process of excavation and support of the numerical simulation, the results were analyzed, proceed with the actual monitoring results, it is indicated for use FLAC pit simulation analysis is feasible. After the excavation for a project designed to provide a supplemental means.
引文
[1]刘建航、侯学渊,基坑工程手册,中国建筑工业出版社,1997
[2] 龚晓南,深基坑工程设计施工手册,中国建筑工业出版社,1998,第一版,281-285
[3] 黄强,深基坑支护工程设计技术,中国建材工业出版社,1996
[4]赵花丽,深基坑工程的现状与发展,孝感学院学报,2005,25(3),93-96
[5]刘二栓,深基坑工程特点及存在的问题,有色金属设计,2004,31(1),45-47
[6]杨位洸，地基与基础，中国建筑工业出版社，1998,第三版
[7]张锦屏,基坑工程的特点和若干问题分析,低温建筑技术,2003,(3),64-65
[8]黄强,深基坑支护结构实用内力计算手册,中国建材工业出版,1995
[9]钱家欢,土力学,河海大学出版社,1995,第二版,139-167,184-186
[10]黄生根、张希浩、曹辉,地基处理与基坑支护工程,中国地质大学出版社,1999,第二版
[11]崔江余、梁仁旺,建筑基坑工程设计计算与施工,中国建筑工业出版社 1999,第一版 11-73
[12]陈肇元,土钉支护技术,深基坑开挖土钉支护技术研讨会,1996.9
[13]黄强、惠永宁,深基坑支护工程实例集,中国建筑工业出版社,1997,第一版,1-15
[14]余志成、施文华,深基坑支护设计与施工,中国建筑工业出版社,1999,第一版,71-75,103-109
[15]中国岩土工程锚杆工程协会,岩土工程中的锚固技术,地震出版社,1992,第一版
[16]彭振斌,深基坑开挖与支护工程设计计算与施工,中国地质大学出版社,1997,第一版
[17]曾国熙,地基处理手册,中国建筑工业出版社,1988,第一版,514-518
[18]彭振斌,灌注桩工程设计计算与施工,中国地质大学出版社,1997,第一版
[19]葛磊,灌注桩与土层锚杆在深基坑支护中的应用,港口工程,1997,(1),39-40
[20]冯玉国,深基坑挡土支护钻孔灌注桩设计方法,探矿工程,1996,(3),14-17
[21]高永涛,杆锚固段应力分布规律及应用,北京科技大学学报,2002,24(4),387-390
[22]王燕,某基坑土钉支护的三维数值分析,武汉化工学院学报,2005,27(4),30-33
[23]Itasca Consulting Group, Inc. FLAC3D version 2.1 on line manual table of contents, 2002
[24]吴顺唐、邓之光,有限差分方程概论,河海大学出版社,1993,第一版
[25]王金安,建筑物下厚煤层特殊开采的三维数值分析,岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(1)
[26]尹清锋、白冰,FLAC3D及其在地下空间开挖分析中的一些问题,西部探矿工程,2005,(11)
[27]C.S.德赛、J.T.克里斯琴编,卢世深等译,岩土工程数值方法,中国建筑工业出版社,1981,第一版
[28]钱家欢、殷宗泽,土工数值分析,中国铁道出版社,1991
[29]俞建霖,基坑性状的三维数值分析研究,建筑结构学报,2002,23(4),65-70
[30]俞建霖、龚晓南,深基坑工程的空间性状分析,岩土工程学报,1999,21(1),21-25
[31]陈东佐、李静,岩土工程的现状与发展,太原大学学报,2003,4(3),35-38
[32]Joseph E.Bowles,唐念慈等译,基础工程分析与设计,中国建筑工业出版社,1987
[33]层建筑深基坑开挖三维弹性、弹塑性有限元分析(硕士学位论文),北京工业大学,2003
[34]黄文熙,土的工程性质,水利电力出版社,1983
[35]尉希城,支挡结构设计手册,中国建筑工业出版社,1995
[36]秦四清,深基坑工程优化设计,地震出版社,1998
[37]方江华,深基坑支护技术综述,西部探矿工程,2003
[38]何颐华、杨斌等,深基坑支护桩设计计算的研究,中国建筑科学研究院地基基础研究所、北京市建筑工程总公司
[39](英)T.H.汉纳著,胡定、邱作中等译,锚固技术在岩土工程中的应用,中国建筑工业出版社,1987
[40]张学洪、张峻然,钢筋混凝土结构概念计算与设计,中国建筑工业出版社,1992
[41]钢筋混凝土结构设计规范(GBJ10-89)
[42]洪敏康,土质学与土力学(第二版),人民交通出版社,1998
[43]陈汉忠、黄书铁、程丽萍,深基坑工程(第二版),机械工业出版社,2002
[44]李钟,深基坑支护技术现状与发展趋势(一),岩土工程界,2001
[45]李继业、李树枫,深基坑支护存在的问题与研究方向,建筑技术开发,2001
[46]黄生根、张希浩、曹辉,地基处理与基坑支护工程,中国地质大学出版社,1999.9,第二版
[47]于斌,关于深基坑支护结构设计若干问题探讨,建筑技术,21(5).
[48]杨志银、程良奎,土钉墙稳定性分析,第二届全国岩土锚固技术学术会讨论文集,1992.10
[49]冶金工业部建筑研究总院主编,基坑工程技术规范(YB9258-97),冶金工业出版社,1998
[50]中国建筑科学研究院主编,建筑桩基技术规范(JGJ94-94),中国建筑工业出版社,1995
[2] 龚晓南,深基坑工程设计施工手册,中国建筑工业出版社,1998,第一版,281-285
[3] 黄强,深基坑支护工程设计技术,中国建材工业出版社,1996
[4]赵花丽,深基坑工程的现状与发展,孝感学院学报,2005,25(3),93-96
[5]刘二栓,深基坑工程特点及存在的问题,有色金属设计,2004,31(1),45-47
[6]杨位洸，地基与基础，中国建筑工业出版社，1998,第三版
[7]张锦屏,基坑工程的特点和若干问题分析,低温建筑技术,2003,(3),64-65
[8]黄强,深基坑支护结构实用内力计算手册,中国建材工业出版,1995
[9]钱家欢,土力学,河海大学出版社,1995,第二版,139-167,184-186
[10]黄生根、张希浩、曹辉,地基处理与基坑支护工程,中国地质大学出版社,1999,第二版
[11]崔江余、梁仁旺,建筑基坑工程设计计算与施工,中国建筑工业出版社 1999,第一版 11-73
[12]陈肇元,土钉支护技术,深基坑开挖土钉支护技术研讨会,1996.9
[13]黄强、惠永宁,深基坑支护工程实例集,中国建筑工业出版社,1997,第一版,1-15
[14]余志成、施文华,深基坑支护设计与施工,中国建筑工业出版社,1999,第一版,71-75,103-109
[15]中国岩土工程锚杆工程协会,岩土工程中的锚固技术,地震出版社,1992,第一版
[16]彭振斌,深基坑开挖与支护工程设计计算与施工,中国地质大学出版社,1997,第一版
[17]曾国熙,地基处理手册,中国建筑工业出版社,1988,第一版,514-518
[18]彭振斌,灌注桩工程设计计算与施工,中国地质大学出版社,1997,第一版
[19]葛磊,灌注桩与土层锚杆在深基坑支护中的应用,港口工程,1997,(1),39-40
[20]冯玉国,深基坑挡土支护钻孔灌注桩设计方法,探矿工程,1996,(3),14-17
[21]高永涛,杆锚固段应力分布规律及应用,北京科技大学学报,2002,24(4),387-390
[22]王燕,某基坑土钉支护的三维数值分析,武汉化工学院学报,2005,27(4),30-33
[23]Itasca Consulting Group, Inc. FLAC3D version 2.1 on line manual table of contents, 2002
[24]吴顺唐、邓之光,有限差分方程概论,河海大学出版社,1993,第一版
[25]王金安,建筑物下厚煤层特殊开采的三维数值分析,岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(1)
[26]尹清锋、白冰,FLAC3D及其在地下空间开挖分析中的一些问题,西部探矿工程,2005,(11)
[27]C.S.德赛、J.T.克里斯琴编,卢世深等译,岩土工程数值方法,中国建筑工业出版社,1981,第一版
[28]钱家欢、殷宗泽,土工数值分析,中国铁道出版社,1991
[29]俞建霖,基坑性状的三维数值分析研究,建筑结构学报,2002,23(4),65-70
[30]俞建霖、龚晓南,深基坑工程的空间性状分析,岩土工程学报,1999,21(1),21-25
[31]陈东佐、李静,岩土工程的现状与发展,太原大学学报,2003,4(3),35-38
[32]Joseph E.Bowles,唐念慈等译,基础工程分析与设计,中国建筑工业出版社,1987
[33]层建筑深基坑开挖三维弹性、弹塑性有限元分析(硕士学位论文),北京工业大学,2003
[34]黄文熙,土的工程性质,水利电力出版社,1983
[35]尉希城,支挡结构设计手册,中国建筑工业出版社,1995
[36]秦四清,深基坑工程优化设计,地震出版社,1998
[37]方江华,深基坑支护技术综述,西部探矿工程,2003
[38]何颐华、杨斌等,深基坑支护桩设计计算的研究,中国建筑科学研究院地基基础研究所、北京市建筑工程总公司
[39](英)T.H.汉纳著,胡定、邱作中等译,锚固技术在岩土工程中的应用,中国建筑工业出版社,1987
[40]张学洪、张峻然,钢筋混凝土结构概念计算与设计,中国建筑工业出版社,1992
[41]钢筋混凝土结构设计规范(GBJ10-89)
[42]洪敏康,土质学与土力学(第二版),人民交通出版社,1998
[43]陈汉忠、黄书铁、程丽萍,深基坑工程(第二版),机械工业出版社,2002
[44]李钟,深基坑支护技术现状与发展趋势(一),岩土工程界,2001
[45]李继业、李树枫,深基坑支护存在的问题与研究方向,建筑技术开发,2001
[46]黄生根、张希浩、曹辉,地基处理与基坑支护工程,中国地质大学出版社,1999.9,第二版
[47]于斌,关于深基坑支护结构设计若干问题探讨,建筑技术,21(5).
[48]杨志银、程良奎,土钉墙稳定性分析,第二届全国岩土锚固技术学术会讨论文集,1992.10
[49]冶金工业部建筑研究总院主编,基坑工程技术规范(YB9258-97),冶金工业出版社,1998
[50]中国建筑科学研究院主编,建筑桩基技术规范(JGJ94-94),中国建筑工业出版社,1995