烧结FeCrAl纤维多孔材料吸声性能分析及研究
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摘要
吸声用烧结FeCrAl纤维多孔材料是金属纤维领域一个新的研究方向。烧结FeCrAl纤维多孔材料兼具FeCrAl合金和多孔结构的特点,具有诸多独特优点,如耐高温、抗氧化、耐热腐蚀、耐气流冲击性能好、使用寿命长、易加工、有效孔隙度高、性能稳定、结构具有可设计性等,同时具有稳定且优良的吸收高强度噪声的能力,因此,烧结FeCrAl纤维多孔材料是优异的航空发动机扇涡轮腔体高温声衬材料,在航空航天、国防等特殊环境中具有其它材料难以比拟的吸收高强度噪声性能。
本文采用真空烧结法制备不同孔隙性能的FeCrAl纤维多孔材料,可有效控制材料的孔隙结构参数,同时还可有效避免FeCrAl纤维毡烧结时的组分挥发；重点研究了烧结FeCrAl纤维多孔材料的吸声性能,详细分析了烧结FeCrAl纤维多孔材料的声学特性参数及吸声性能参数,结果表明,在常声压和高声强两种环境中烧结FeCrAl纤维多孔材料的孔隙度、厚度及空腔三种结构参数对材料吸声性能有显著影响；为改善烧结FeCrAl纤维多孔材料的中低频吸声性能,本文对材料的孔隙结构进行了设计组合,研究了2-3层组合结构的吸声特性,得出按孔隙度由高到低排列,且各层厚度越厚材料的吸声性能越好的结论。高声强条件下(100-140dB)单层和组合结构的吸声性能研究结果表明,在此条件下的材料吸声性能不随声压级的变化而变化,说明烧结FeCrAl纤维多孔材料具有很好的吸收高声强噪声的能力。
本文是在国家“973”项目“超轻多孔和结构创新构型的多功能化基础研究”(项目编号为：2006CB601200)资助下完成的。
Sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials used in sound absorption field is a new study orientation in metal fibrous technology area. Sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials have the characteristics of FeCrAl alloy and porous structure, and they possess lots of special advantages, such as high temperature resistance, anti-oxidation, hot corrosion resistant, good performance of flow impact resistant, long service life, easily forming, higher effective porosity, stable performance, designable of the structure, above all, sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials have stable and excellent properties to absorb the high intensity noise. Therefore, sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials can be used as high temperature liners in the turbofan cavity of aero-engine. Compared with other materials, sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials have excellent performance in sound absorption. It is suitable for absorbing high intense noise in special environment of space and defense area.
In this dissertation, sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials with different porosity were prepared by using vacuum sintering technology. Parameters of pore structure were effectively controlled during this process and component volatilization in FeCrAl fibrous porous materials can be also avoided. This paper aimed at studing sound absorption performance of sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials. The parameters of acoustics character and sound absorption performance were analyzed in detail. The results indicated that porosity, thickness and cavity play an important role in sound absorption under ordinary acoustic pressure and high sound intensity conditions. In order to improve the sound absorption characteristics for sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials under low and middle frequency, the composite structure with 2-3 layers were redesigned. The results show that the arrangement of composite structure in porosity order from high to low is the best. The thicker the every layer thickness of the structure is, the better the sound absorption performance is. The sound absorption characteristics of monolayer and gradient composite structure under ordinary acoustic pressure and high sound intensity conditions (100-140dB) show that the sound absorption characteristic was constant with the change of acoustic pressure levels. It shows that sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials have good ability to absorb high intensity noise.
The research of this dissertation is funded by National 973 of China (project No. 2006CB601200).
本文采用真空烧结法制备不同孔隙性能的FeCrAl纤维多孔材料,可有效控制材料的孔隙结构参数,同时还可有效避免FeCrAl纤维毡烧结时的组分挥发；重点研究了烧结FeCrAl纤维多孔材料的吸声性能,详细分析了烧结FeCrAl纤维多孔材料的声学特性参数及吸声性能参数,结果表明,在常声压和高声强两种环境中烧结FeCrAl纤维多孔材料的孔隙度、厚度及空腔三种结构参数对材料吸声性能有显著影响；为改善烧结FeCrAl纤维多孔材料的中低频吸声性能,本文对材料的孔隙结构进行了设计组合,研究了2-3层组合结构的吸声特性,得出按孔隙度由高到低排列,且各层厚度越厚材料的吸声性能越好的结论。高声强条件下(100-140dB)单层和组合结构的吸声性能研究结果表明,在此条件下的材料吸声性能不随声压级的变化而变化,说明烧结FeCrAl纤维多孔材料具有很好的吸收高声强噪声的能力。
本文是在国家“973”项目“超轻多孔和结构创新构型的多功能化基础研究”(项目编号为：2006CB601200)资助下完成的。
Sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials used in sound absorption field is a new study orientation in metal fibrous technology area. Sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials have the characteristics of FeCrAl alloy and porous structure, and they possess lots of special advantages, such as high temperature resistance, anti-oxidation, hot corrosion resistant, good performance of flow impact resistant, long service life, easily forming, higher effective porosity, stable performance, designable of the structure, above all, sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials have stable and excellent properties to absorb the high intensity noise. Therefore, sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials can be used as high temperature liners in the turbofan cavity of aero-engine. Compared with other materials, sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials have excellent performance in sound absorption. It is suitable for absorbing high intense noise in special environment of space and defense area.
In this dissertation, sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials with different porosity were prepared by using vacuum sintering technology. Parameters of pore structure were effectively controlled during this process and component volatilization in FeCrAl fibrous porous materials can be also avoided. This paper aimed at studing sound absorption performance of sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials. The parameters of acoustics character and sound absorption performance were analyzed in detail. The results indicated that porosity, thickness and cavity play an important role in sound absorption under ordinary acoustic pressure and high sound intensity conditions. In order to improve the sound absorption characteristics for sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials under low and middle frequency, the composite structure with 2-3 layers were redesigned. The results show that the arrangement of composite structure in porosity order from high to low is the best. The thicker the every layer thickness of the structure is, the better the sound absorption performance is. The sound absorption characteristics of monolayer and gradient composite structure under ordinary acoustic pressure and high sound intensity conditions (100-140dB) show that the sound absorption characteristic was constant with the change of acoustic pressure levels. It shows that sintered FeCrAl fibrous porous materials have good ability to absorb high intensity noise.
The research of this dissertation is funded by National 973 of China (project No. 2006CB601200).
引文
1. X.Sun, Z.Yang, X.Wang. Effect of fan outlet guide vane on the acoustic treatment design in aero-engine nacelle [J]. Journal of sound Vibration 2007,(302):287-312.
2.未来民用飞机发动机采用的新技术avbuyer.com.cn 2004-06-29.
3.马大猷.噪声与振动控制工程手册[M].机械工业出版社,2002：403-425.
4.盛美萍,王敏庆,孙进才.噪声与振动控制技术基础[M].科学出版社,2001：118-122.
5.张守梅,曾令可,黄其秀,黄浪观.环保吸声材料的发动态及展望[J].陶瓷学报,1000-2278(2002)01—0056—06.
6.卢天健,何德坪,陈常青,赵长颖,方岱宁,王小林.超轻多孔金属材料的多功能特性及应用[J].力学进展.2006.36(4)：517-535.
7.陈端石,赵玫,周海亭.动力机械振动与噪声学[M].上海交通大学出版社,1996：168-172.
8.黄其柏.工程噪声控制学[M].华中科技大学出版社,1999：111-123.
9.钟祥璋.建筑吸声材料与隔声材料[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2004,60.
10.潘仲麟,翟国庆.噪声控制技术[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2006,94.
11.赵良省.噪声与振动控制技术[M].化学工业出版社,2004：119-129.
12.奚正平,周廉,李建等.金属纤维的发展现状和应用前景[J].稀有金属材料与工程,1998,(27)：317-321.
13.金永良.金属纤维的性能特点及其产品开发[J].棉纺织技术,2003,31(5)：28-31.
14.金永良.纤维组合工程及其应用[J].江苏技术纺织品,1996,(2)：21-23.
15.邱从章,刘楚明.集束拉拔法金属纤维的现状和发展趋势[J].金属材料与冶金工程,2007,5(35)：14-18.
16.刘海洋.金属纤维的发展现状及前景展望[J].技术创新.2005
17. X.Sun, Z.Yang, X.Wang. Effect of fan outlet guide vane on the acoustic treatment design in aero-engine nacelle[J]. Journal of sound Vibration 302(2007)287-312.
18.潘仲麟,翟国庆.噪声控制技术[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2006,185-186.
19.马大猷.高声强：Ⅰ基础[J].声学学报.1992,7(17)：241-247.
20.马大猷.高声强：Ⅱ效应与应用[J].声学学报.1992,9(17)：363-368.
21.谷嘉锦.高声强声源及其应用[D].声学技术.1996,3：9-13.
22. Selvi Kadirvel, Fei Liu, Steve Horowitz, Toshikazu Nishida, Khai Ngo, Louis Cattafesta, and Mark Sheplak. A Self-Powered Wireless Active Acoustic Liner[C].12#th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference.8-10May 2006
23. N. Hillereau, A.A. Syed, E.J. Gutmark. Measurements of the acoustic attenuation by single layer acoustic liners constructed with simulated porous honeycomb cores [J], Journal of Sound and Vibration 2005, (286) 21-36.
24. X. Sun, Z. Yang, X. Wang. Effect of fan outlet guide vane on the acoustic treatment design in aero-engine nacelle [J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration.2007 (302) 287-312.
25.曾吾,李运敏.发动机微穿孔板结构消声短舱试件的声学性能研究[J].航空动力学报.1997
26.马大猷.亥姆霍兹共鸣器[J].声学技术：1000 3630(2002)01-02-0002-02
27. Hillereau N, Syed A.A, Gutmark E.J. Measurements of the Acoustic Attenuation by Single Layer Acoustic Liners Constructed with Simulated Porous Honeycomb Cores [J], Journal of Sound and Vibration.2005,286:21-36.
28. G.Bielak, et al. Advanced Nacelle Acoustic Lining Concepts Development[C]. NASA CR-2002-211672,2002.8
29. Tama C K W, Jua H, Jonesb M G, et al.A Computational and Experimental Study of Slit Resonators [J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2005,284:947-984.
30.潘仲麟,翟国庆.噪声控制术[M].北京,化学工业出版社,2006：98
31.景晓东,孙晓峰.穿孔板切向流效应的理论和实验研究[J].航空学报.2002,23(5)：405-410.
32. J.Eldredge, M.Shoeybi and D.Bodony. Numerical Investigation of the Acoustic Behavior of a Multi-perforated Liner[C], AIAA-2007-3683,1-11.
33. Kimmel Josh, Miriyala Narendernath, Price Jeffrey, et al. Evaluation of CFCC Liners with EBC after Field Testing in a Gas Turbine [J], Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2002, 22:2769-2775.
34.刘海洋,刘慧芳,王伟霞.金属纤维的发展现状及前景展望[J].技术创新,2005(12),16-20.
35.赵升吨,于德弘,高民,何波,许晋孚,史维祥.1Cr18Ni9不锈钢纤维声学特性研究[J],西安交通大学学报,1997
36. Hanusa H G. Reticular. Structures and Methods of Producing Same [P]. US Patent, 3549505.1970
37. Kobayashi Hiroshi. Aircraft Propulsion Research Center. Development of Adjustable Absorption Acoustic Liner for Active Fan Noise Control [J]:Nal Res Prog,2003:63-65
38.宝鸡有色金属研究所.粉末冶金多孔材料(下册)[M].北京：冶金工业出版社.1977.10：24.
39.GBJ 88-1985.驻波管法吸声系数与声阻抗率测量规范[S]
40. Product Date [EB/OL]. http://www.bksv.com/pdf/Bp1039.pdf
41.马大猷,沈豪.声学手册[M].北京：科学出版社.2004.595.
42.宝鸡有色金属研究所.粉末冶金多孔材料(下册)[M].北京：冶金工业出版社.1977.10：51-56.
43.胡颂纯,钟祥璋.纤维多孔吸声材料流阻的研究[J].声学技术.1994,13(3)：139-143
44.潘仲麟,翟国庆.噪声控制技术.化学工业出版社[M].北京.2006,3：90-100.
45.马大猷,现代声学理论基础[M],科学出版社,2006：230.
46.钟祥璋.建筑吸声材料与隔声材料[M],化学工业出版社,2005.58.
47.汤慧萍,朱纪磊,葛渊.纤维多孔材料梯度结构的吸声性能研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程.2007.8
48.汤慧萍,朱纪磊,王建永.不锈钢纤维多孔材料吸声性能研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程.2007.8
49.刘克,田静,焦风雷,吕亚东.微穿孔板吸声体的研究进展[J].声学学报.2005.30：498-455.
50.何波.周期间隙性嗓声特性研究及控制：[硕士学位论文].西安：西安交通大学机械工程学院.1994
51.冯锋.间歇性排气嗓声及其消声器：[硕士学位论文].西安：西安交通大学机械工程学院.1995
52.钟祥璋.铝纤维吸声板的材料特性及应用[J].装饰装修材料.2000.11：19-21.
2.未来民用飞机发动机采用的新技术avbuyer.com.cn 2004-06-29.
3.马大猷.噪声与振动控制工程手册[M].机械工业出版社,2002：403-425.
4.盛美萍,王敏庆,孙进才.噪声与振动控制技术基础[M].科学出版社,2001：118-122.
5.张守梅,曾令可,黄其秀,黄浪观.环保吸声材料的发动态及展望[J].陶瓷学报,1000-2278(2002)01—0056—06.
6.卢天健,何德坪,陈常青,赵长颖,方岱宁,王小林.超轻多孔金属材料的多功能特性及应用[J].力学进展.2006.36(4)：517-535.
7.陈端石,赵玫,周海亭.动力机械振动与噪声学[M].上海交通大学出版社,1996：168-172.
8.黄其柏.工程噪声控制学[M].华中科技大学出版社,1999：111-123.
9.钟祥璋.建筑吸声材料与隔声材料[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2004,60.
10.潘仲麟,翟国庆.噪声控制技术[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2006,94.
11.赵良省.噪声与振动控制技术[M].化学工业出版社,2004：119-129.
12.奚正平,周廉,李建等.金属纤维的发展现状和应用前景[J].稀有金属材料与工程,1998,(27)：317-321.
13.金永良.金属纤维的性能特点及其产品开发[J].棉纺织技术,2003,31(5)：28-31.
14.金永良.纤维组合工程及其应用[J].江苏技术纺织品,1996,(2)：21-23.
15.邱从章,刘楚明.集束拉拔法金属纤维的现状和发展趋势[J].金属材料与冶金工程,2007,5(35)：14-18.
16.刘海洋.金属纤维的发展现状及前景展望[J].技术创新.2005
17. X.Sun, Z.Yang, X.Wang. Effect of fan outlet guide vane on the acoustic treatment design in aero-engine nacelle[J]. Journal of sound Vibration 302(2007)287-312.
18.潘仲麟,翟国庆.噪声控制技术[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2006,185-186.
19.马大猷.高声强：Ⅰ基础[J].声学学报.1992,7(17)：241-247.
20.马大猷.高声强：Ⅱ效应与应用[J].声学学报.1992,9(17)：363-368.
21.谷嘉锦.高声强声源及其应用[D].声学技术.1996,3：9-13.
22. Selvi Kadirvel, Fei Liu, Steve Horowitz, Toshikazu Nishida, Khai Ngo, Louis Cattafesta, and Mark Sheplak. A Self-Powered Wireless Active Acoustic Liner[C].12#th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference.8-10May 2006
23. N. Hillereau, A.A. Syed, E.J. Gutmark. Measurements of the acoustic attenuation by single layer acoustic liners constructed with simulated porous honeycomb cores [J], Journal of Sound and Vibration 2005, (286) 21-36.
24. X. Sun, Z. Yang, X. Wang. Effect of fan outlet guide vane on the acoustic treatment design in aero-engine nacelle [J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration.2007 (302) 287-312.
25.曾吾,李运敏.发动机微穿孔板结构消声短舱试件的声学性能研究[J].航空动力学报.1997
26.马大猷.亥姆霍兹共鸣器[J].声学技术：1000 3630(2002)01-02-0002-02
27. Hillereau N, Syed A.A, Gutmark E.J. Measurements of the Acoustic Attenuation by Single Layer Acoustic Liners Constructed with Simulated Porous Honeycomb Cores [J], Journal of Sound and Vibration.2005,286:21-36.
28. G.Bielak, et al. Advanced Nacelle Acoustic Lining Concepts Development[C]. NASA CR-2002-211672,2002.8
29. Tama C K W, Jua H, Jonesb M G, et al.A Computational and Experimental Study of Slit Resonators [J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2005,284:947-984.
30.潘仲麟,翟国庆.噪声控制术[M].北京,化学工业出版社,2006：98
31.景晓东,孙晓峰.穿孔板切向流效应的理论和实验研究[J].航空学报.2002,23(5)：405-410.
32. J.Eldredge, M.Shoeybi and D.Bodony. Numerical Investigation of the Acoustic Behavior of a Multi-perforated Liner[C], AIAA-2007-3683,1-11.
33. Kimmel Josh, Miriyala Narendernath, Price Jeffrey, et al. Evaluation of CFCC Liners with EBC after Field Testing in a Gas Turbine [J], Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2002, 22:2769-2775.
34.刘海洋,刘慧芳,王伟霞.金属纤维的发展现状及前景展望[J].技术创新,2005(12),16-20.
35.赵升吨,于德弘,高民,何波,许晋孚,史维祥.1Cr18Ni9不锈钢纤维声学特性研究[J],西安交通大学学报,1997
36. Hanusa H G. Reticular. Structures and Methods of Producing Same [P]. US Patent, 3549505.1970
37. Kobayashi Hiroshi. Aircraft Propulsion Research Center. Development of Adjustable Absorption Acoustic Liner for Active Fan Noise Control [J]:Nal Res Prog,2003:63-65
38.宝鸡有色金属研究所.粉末冶金多孔材料(下册)[M].北京：冶金工业出版社.1977.10：24.
39.GBJ 88-1985.驻波管法吸声系数与声阻抗率测量规范[S]
40. Product Date [EB/OL]. http://www.bksv.com/pdf/Bp1039.pdf
41.马大猷,沈豪.声学手册[M].北京：科学出版社.2004.595.
42.宝鸡有色金属研究所.粉末冶金多孔材料(下册)[M].北京：冶金工业出版社.1977.10：51-56.
43.胡颂纯,钟祥璋.纤维多孔吸声材料流阻的研究[J].声学技术.1994,13(3)：139-143
44.潘仲麟,翟国庆.噪声控制技术.化学工业出版社[M].北京.2006,3：90-100.
45.马大猷,现代声学理论基础[M],科学出版社,2006：230.
46.钟祥璋.建筑吸声材料与隔声材料[M],化学工业出版社,2005.58.
47.汤慧萍,朱纪磊,葛渊.纤维多孔材料梯度结构的吸声性能研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程.2007.8
48.汤慧萍,朱纪磊,王建永.不锈钢纤维多孔材料吸声性能研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程.2007.8
49.刘克,田静,焦风雷,吕亚东.微穿孔板吸声体的研究进展[J].声学学报.2005.30：498-455.
50.何波.周期间隙性嗓声特性研究及控制：[硕士学位论文].西安：西安交通大学机械工程学院.1994
51.冯锋.间歇性排气嗓声及其消声器：[硕士学位论文].西安：西安交通大学机械工程学院.1995
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