超低频井下通信系统软件开发研究
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摘要
大功率的超低频电磁波技术是当今国际瞩目的一个新兴研究领域,在井下、水下通信系统、海洋、地震监测、核废料处理及环境保护等方面具有广泛应用前景。
目前,我国对于超低频井下通信的研究还不太成熟。本文针对井下通信的实际需求,进行了井下通信系统的开发工作。鉴于传统低频无线通信系统中,电路元件过多过大、系统结构复杂以及硬件调试不便等诸多缺点,本文提出了以单片机的软件调制方式替代传统的硬件调制方式的做法,精简了系统结构,减少了电路元器件,并使整个通信系统的调试显得更为方便。整个超低频井下通信系统中包括了发射机、接收机及频率检测器三个部分,文中对这三个部分的功能及软件实现都进行了详尽的阐述。电磁波的发射频率范围为1～100Hz,使用数字脉宽调制方式(DPWM),这些工作都将由单片机软件编程完成。
最后,本文对于系统软件的综合及调试进行了说明,并对整个超低频通信系统作了总结。
The technique of large power super low frequency communication is attached great importance as a new research field in current international situation. It can be widely used in several kinds of circumstances, such as, communication systems under-well / underwater, sea / earthquake monitoring, nucleus scarp processing and environment protection application, etc.
As a matter of fact, the under-well super low frequency communication is not very mature in our country. The research of the under-well super low frequency communication system is achieved in this thesis due to the practical needs of the under-well communication. Since there are many shortcomings in the traditional low - frequency wireless communication systems such as excessive circuit components, system complexity and inconvenience of hardware debugging, this thesis presents a new approach that using Single - Chip Microprocessor (SCM) software modulation instead of the traditional hardware modulation to reduce circuit components and simplify the system structure. In this system, the emission frequency range of electromagnetic wave is between 1Hz and 100Hz using digital pulse width modulation (DPWM). All these efforts will be completed by SCM software programming.
In all, the method is characterized by simple structure, collecting components easily and low cost. And it provides a model for the designing work of a communication system in super-low frequency.
目前,我国对于超低频井下通信的研究还不太成熟。本文针对井下通信的实际需求,进行了井下通信系统的开发工作。鉴于传统低频无线通信系统中,电路元件过多过大、系统结构复杂以及硬件调试不便等诸多缺点,本文提出了以单片机的软件调制方式替代传统的硬件调制方式的做法,精简了系统结构,减少了电路元器件,并使整个通信系统的调试显得更为方便。整个超低频井下通信系统中包括了发射机、接收机及频率检测器三个部分,文中对这三个部分的功能及软件实现都进行了详尽的阐述。电磁波的发射频率范围为1～100Hz,使用数字脉宽调制方式(DPWM),这些工作都将由单片机软件编程完成。
最后,本文对于系统软件的综合及调试进行了说明,并对整个超低频通信系统作了总结。
The technique of large power super low frequency communication is attached great importance as a new research field in current international situation. It can be widely used in several kinds of circumstances, such as, communication systems under-well / underwater, sea / earthquake monitoring, nucleus scarp processing and environment protection application, etc.
As a matter of fact, the under-well super low frequency communication is not very mature in our country. The research of the under-well super low frequency communication system is achieved in this thesis due to the practical needs of the under-well communication. Since there are many shortcomings in the traditional low - frequency wireless communication systems such as excessive circuit components, system complexity and inconvenience of hardware debugging, this thesis presents a new approach that using Single - Chip Microprocessor (SCM) software modulation instead of the traditional hardware modulation to reduce circuit components and simplify the system structure. In this system, the emission frequency range of electromagnetic wave is between 1Hz and 100Hz using digital pulse width modulation (DPWM). All these efforts will be completed by SCM software programming.
In all, the method is characterized by simple structure, collecting components easily and low cost. And it provides a model for the designing work of a communication system in super-low frequency.
引文
[1]贾树军,焦保国.超低频信号发生器的设计与实现.山西科技, 2003, (03): 36-37.
[2]马彦恒,郭利,于久恩.一种0~20Hz超低频信号发生器的设计与实现.仪器仪表学报, 2001, (S2): 15-126.
[3]李素琴,苏弘,李勇等.超低频/超大脉宽信号源.核电子学与探测技术, 2006, (04): 546-548.
[4]唐梅.一种超低频数字式信号发生器.山东建材学院学报, 2003, (03): 266-268.
[5] Reatti, Alberto. Computer aided small-signal analysis for PWM DC-DC converters operated discontinuous conduction mode. Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, v2005, 2005 IEEE International 48th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, MWSCAS 2005, 1561-1564.
[6] Kien C. Nguyen, Dilip V. Sarwate. Up-sampling and Natural Sample Value Computation for Digital Pulse Width Modulators. 2006 40th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems, 2006, (3): 1096-1101.
[7] Underhill, M.J.,Blewett, M.J. .Spectral improvement of direct digital frequency synthesizers and other frequency sources.European Frequency and Time Forum, 1996: 452-460
[8]李建,丁美莲.超低频地质遥感探测装置在瓦斯气探测中的应用.中国煤田地质, 2005, (04): 54-56.
[9]徐亚光,王永斌,吴锋涛等.用于通信与环境监测的超低频系统.微计算机信息, 2006, (01): 109-110.
[10]李林.随钻测量数据的井下短距离无线传输技术研究.石油钻探技术, 2007, (01): 45-48.
[11] Orino,Y., Kurosawa M.K.,Katagiri T. .Direct-digital synthesis using delta-sigma modulated signals.Circuits and Systems, 2005, 2: 1706-1709.
[12] PAN Sbu-guang, DENGJia-hao, WE1 Su-Juan, SUN Dong-ning. Research on the underwater laser fuze target detecting technique. 2004 3th lntemational Conference on Computational Electromagnetics and Its Applications Proceedings, 2004, 11: 352-355.
[13] R.E. Hiorns, M.B. Sandler. Power digital to analogue conversion using pulse width modulation and digital signal processing. IEE PROCEEDINGS-G, 1993.10, 140(5): 329~338
[14] AT89C51 and AT89C2051 Datasheets.
[15]徐爱钧,彭秀华编.单片机高级语言C51 Windows环境编程与应用.北京:电子工业出版社, 2001.
[16]何立民. MC51系统单片机应用系列设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 1999.
[17]李群芳,黄建编著.单片微型计算机与接口技术.北京:电子工业出版社, 2001.9.
[18]李秉操编著.单片机接口技术及在工业控制中的应用.西安:陕西电子编辑部, 1991.3.
[19]陈光东,赵性初编.单片微型计算机原理与接口技术.武汉:华中科技大学出版社, 2001.
[20]陈琼.一种单片机控制超低频任意信号波形发生器.南昌航空工业学院报(自然科学版), 2004, (03): 72-74.
[21]胡学武.用AT89C51实现超低频任意函数发生器.现代电子技术, 2005, (17): 105-106.
[22]陈海波,陈立功,倪纯珍.应用MSP430F149单片机的超低频波形发生器.电子技术应用, 2001, (12): 22-23.
[23]赵维范,赵奇.应该单片机制作可调超低频方波信号源及程序设计[J].中国西部科技, 2006, (34): 22-23.
[24]李锡雄,陈婉儿编.脉宽调制技术.武汉:华中理工大学出版社, 1996.
[25]杜坤梅.数字脉宽调制方法的研究.哈尔滨理工大学学报, 2001, (02): 18-22.
[26]杨贵杰,徐飞鹏,崔乃政等.数字脉宽调制方法的研究.哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2004, (07): 983-986.
[27] Akihiko Yoneya, Akira Watanabe. Low Distortion Digital Pulse Width Modulation for Audio Class-D Amplifier. Intemational Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies 2004, 2004.10: 515-518
[28] Deng, Heng. PWM methods to handle time delay in digital control of a UPS inverter. IEEE Power Electronics Letters, 2005.3, 3, (1): 1-6.
[29] Zhang, Wenyi. Study of voltage-source PWM inverter based on state combination method. Proceeding of the IEEE Power Engineering Society Transmission and Distribution Conference, v2005, Proceedings– 2005 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition–Asia and Pacific, 2005: 1-4.
[30] Asif Syed, Ershad Ahmed and Dragan Maksimovic. Digital Pulse Width Modulator Architectures. Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, 35th.
[31]班福厚,徐广辉,禹成七.基于数字信号处理器的数字式脉宽调制方法.华北电力大学学报, 2001, (03): 1-5.
[32]王水平,周培志,张耀进编著. PWM控制与驱动器使用指南及应用电路.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社, 2005.
[33] Angel V. Peterchev. Digital Pulse-Width Modulation Control in Power Electronic Circuits: Theory and Applications. University of California, Berkeley, 2005.
[34] Hoshina, Masato. New PWM technique for five-stepped PWM inverter used in photovoltaic system. IECON Proceedings, 1989.11, 1: 118-123.
[35] Ahmed, Tarek. Advanced control of PWM converter with variable-speed induction generator. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2006.8, 42, (4): 934-945.
[36]蔺爱国,张加胜.一种数字存储组合式PWM调制方案.现代电子技术, 2004, (06): 13-15.
[37]武传华,程水英. PWM在几种模拟通信信号数字调制解调中的应用.电路与系统学报, 2005, (03): 149-152.
[38]路明礼,赵顺东.应用中规模数字集成电路实现PWM脉冲.洛阳工业高等专科学校学报, 2003, (02): 27-28.
[39]贾玉瑛,王臣.基于单片机控制的PWM直流调速系统.包头钢铁学院学报, 2005, (04): 43-45.
[40] Intel.MCS-51 Family of Single chip Microcomputers User’s Mannual,1990
[41] Peter Van Der Linden. Expert C Programming– Deep C Secrets. Posts & Telecommunications Press, 2002.
[42] Koenig, Andrew. C Traps and Pit falls. Posts & Telecommunications Press, 2002.
[2]马彦恒,郭利,于久恩.一种0~20Hz超低频信号发生器的设计与实现.仪器仪表学报, 2001, (S2): 15-126.
[3]李素琴,苏弘,李勇等.超低频/超大脉宽信号源.核电子学与探测技术, 2006, (04): 546-548.
[4]唐梅.一种超低频数字式信号发生器.山东建材学院学报, 2003, (03): 266-268.
[5] Reatti, Alberto. Computer aided small-signal analysis for PWM DC-DC converters operated discontinuous conduction mode. Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, v2005, 2005 IEEE International 48th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, MWSCAS 2005, 1561-1564.
[6] Kien C. Nguyen, Dilip V. Sarwate. Up-sampling and Natural Sample Value Computation for Digital Pulse Width Modulators. 2006 40th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems, 2006, (3): 1096-1101.
[7] Underhill, M.J.,Blewett, M.J. .Spectral improvement of direct digital frequency synthesizers and other frequency sources.European Frequency and Time Forum, 1996: 452-460
[8]李建,丁美莲.超低频地质遥感探测装置在瓦斯气探测中的应用.中国煤田地质, 2005, (04): 54-56.
[9]徐亚光,王永斌,吴锋涛等.用于通信与环境监测的超低频系统.微计算机信息, 2006, (01): 109-110.
[10]李林.随钻测量数据的井下短距离无线传输技术研究.石油钻探技术, 2007, (01): 45-48.
[11] Orino,Y., Kurosawa M.K.,Katagiri T. .Direct-digital synthesis using delta-sigma modulated signals.Circuits and Systems, 2005, 2: 1706-1709.
[12] PAN Sbu-guang, DENGJia-hao, WE1 Su-Juan, SUN Dong-ning. Research on the underwater laser fuze target detecting technique. 2004 3th lntemational Conference on Computational Electromagnetics and Its Applications Proceedings, 2004, 11: 352-355.
[13] R.E. Hiorns, M.B. Sandler. Power digital to analogue conversion using pulse width modulation and digital signal processing. IEE PROCEEDINGS-G, 1993.10, 140(5): 329~338
[14] AT89C51 and AT89C2051 Datasheets.
[15]徐爱钧,彭秀华编.单片机高级语言C51 Windows环境编程与应用.北京:电子工业出版社, 2001.
[16]何立民. MC51系统单片机应用系列设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 1999.
[17]李群芳,黄建编著.单片微型计算机与接口技术.北京:电子工业出版社, 2001.9.
[18]李秉操编著.单片机接口技术及在工业控制中的应用.西安:陕西电子编辑部, 1991.3.
[19]陈光东,赵性初编.单片微型计算机原理与接口技术.武汉:华中科技大学出版社, 2001.
[20]陈琼.一种单片机控制超低频任意信号波形发生器.南昌航空工业学院报(自然科学版), 2004, (03): 72-74.
[21]胡学武.用AT89C51实现超低频任意函数发生器.现代电子技术, 2005, (17): 105-106.
[22]陈海波,陈立功,倪纯珍.应用MSP430F149单片机的超低频波形发生器.电子技术应用, 2001, (12): 22-23.
[23]赵维范,赵奇.应该单片机制作可调超低频方波信号源及程序设计[J].中国西部科技, 2006, (34): 22-23.
[24]李锡雄,陈婉儿编.脉宽调制技术.武汉:华中理工大学出版社, 1996.
[25]杜坤梅.数字脉宽调制方法的研究.哈尔滨理工大学学报, 2001, (02): 18-22.
[26]杨贵杰,徐飞鹏,崔乃政等.数字脉宽调制方法的研究.哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2004, (07): 983-986.
[27] Akihiko Yoneya, Akira Watanabe. Low Distortion Digital Pulse Width Modulation for Audio Class-D Amplifier. Intemational Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies 2004, 2004.10: 515-518
[28] Deng, Heng. PWM methods to handle time delay in digital control of a UPS inverter. IEEE Power Electronics Letters, 2005.3, 3, (1): 1-6.
[29] Zhang, Wenyi. Study of voltage-source PWM inverter based on state combination method. Proceeding of the IEEE Power Engineering Society Transmission and Distribution Conference, v2005, Proceedings– 2005 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition–Asia and Pacific, 2005: 1-4.
[30] Asif Syed, Ershad Ahmed and Dragan Maksimovic. Digital Pulse Width Modulator Architectures. Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, 35th.
[31]班福厚,徐广辉,禹成七.基于数字信号处理器的数字式脉宽调制方法.华北电力大学学报, 2001, (03): 1-5.
[32]王水平,周培志,张耀进编著. PWM控制与驱动器使用指南及应用电路.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社, 2005.
[33] Angel V. Peterchev. Digital Pulse-Width Modulation Control in Power Electronic Circuits: Theory and Applications. University of California, Berkeley, 2005.
[34] Hoshina, Masato. New PWM technique for five-stepped PWM inverter used in photovoltaic system. IECON Proceedings, 1989.11, 1: 118-123.
[35] Ahmed, Tarek. Advanced control of PWM converter with variable-speed induction generator. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2006.8, 42, (4): 934-945.
[36]蔺爱国,张加胜.一种数字存储组合式PWM调制方案.现代电子技术, 2004, (06): 13-15.
[37]武传华,程水英. PWM在几种模拟通信信号数字调制解调中的应用.电路与系统学报, 2005, (03): 149-152.
[38]路明礼,赵顺东.应用中规模数字集成电路实现PWM脉冲.洛阳工业高等专科学校学报, 2003, (02): 27-28.
[39]贾玉瑛,王臣.基于单片机控制的PWM直流调速系统.包头钢铁学院学报, 2005, (04): 43-45.
[40] Intel.MCS-51 Family of Single chip Microcomputers User’s Mannual,1990
[41] Peter Van Der Linden. Expert C Programming– Deep C Secrets. Posts & Telecommunications Press, 2002.
[42] Koenig, Andrew. C Traps and Pit falls. Posts & Telecommunications Press, 2002.