长寿命贝/马复相钢的研究
|
摘要
本文对长寿命贝／马复相钢进行了实验研究。采用等温处理的方法确定了不同奥氏体化温度时Nb微合金化贝／马复相钢的Bu和BL转变开始温度；通过试验方法的调节实现了HF-PJ-1400型相变仪的快速冷却,最终测出试验钢的CCT曲线,并结合金相法对冷却速度与显微组织的关系进行了分析；通过奥氏体化后冷却方式的变化避开冷却过程中的铁素体转变,结合快速加热三次循环相变细化晶粒获得了合适的显微组织；最终确定Nb微合金化贝／马复相钢是具有良好强韧性和良好超高周疲劳性能的试验钢。最后,对试验钢在利用高温回火细化晶粒过程中表现出的混晶现象进行了研究,发现Nb微合金化无碳化物贝／马复相钢具有典型的晶界遗传性。
In this paper, the long-life bainite/martensite multiphase steel was studied. Isothermal heat treatment used to determine the transformation start temperature of BU and BL in different austenitizing temperatures. Super rapid cooling was achieved by the regulatory implementation of the phase transformation instrument, and the CCT curves of steel was measured. The effect of different cooling rate on microstructure was analyzed combined with the metallographic examination method, and the heat treatment process parameters was designed. By stepped cooling after austenitizing to avoid ferrite transformation, combined with rapid heating cycle of phase-transformation (three times) to obtain a suitable grain refined microstructure, the resulet of very high cycle fatigue testing show that Nb micro-alloying B/M multiphase steel has great strength and toughness properties. The mixed grain phenomenon after normal quenching of the high temperature quenching and high temperature tempering Nb micro-alloying carbide-free bainite/martensite (CFB/M) multiphase steel specimen was studied, and it proved that the steel has typical grain boundary inheritance.
In this paper, the long-life bainite/martensite multiphase steel was studied. Isothermal heat treatment used to determine the transformation start temperature of BU and BL in different austenitizing temperatures. Super rapid cooling was achieved by the regulatory implementation of the phase transformation instrument, and the CCT curves of steel was measured. The effect of different cooling rate on microstructure was analyzed combined with the metallographic examination method, and the heat treatment process parameters was designed. By stepped cooling after austenitizing to avoid ferrite transformation, combined with rapid heating cycle of phase-transformation (three times) to obtain a suitable grain refined microstructure, the resulet of very high cycle fatigue testing show that Nb micro-alloying B/M multiphase steel has great strength and toughness properties. The mixed grain phenomenon after normal quenching of the high temperature quenching and high temperature tempering Nb micro-alloying carbide-free bainite/martensite (CFB/M) multiphase steel specimen was studied, and it proved that the steel has typical grain boundary inheritance.
引文
[1]俞德刚,谈育煦.钢的组织强度学—组织与强韧性.上海：上海科学技术出版社,1983
[2]刘东雨,方鸿生,白秉哲,等.无碳化物贝氏体／马氏体复相钢的强韧性.机械工程学报,2003,39(8)：27～31
[3]刘东雨,徐鸿,杨昆,等.贝氏体／马氏体复相组织对低碳合金钢强韧性的影响.金属学报,2004,40(8)：882～886
[4]张弛,方鸿生,杨志刚,等.锰硅系贝氏体／马氏体复相钢中贝氏体精细结构的研究.金属学报,2001,37(6)：561～566
[5]章立群,刘自成,刘东雨,等.Mn系贝氏体／马氏体复相钢的研究及应用进展.金属热处理,2006,31(12)：2～6
[6]冯春雨.浅谈合金元素在钢中的作用.冶金标准化与质量,1996,8：20～23
[7]邢书明.合金白口铁中合金元素作用的试验研究.河北机电学院学报,1995,12(3)：35-40
[8]徐德祥,尹锺大.弹簧钢高强度化及合金元素的作用.金属热处理,2003,28(12)：30-36
[9]叶江,符寒光,李明伟,等.高碳高速钢轧辊中合金元素的作用及成分设计.现代铸铁,2007,1：50-55
[10]王仪康.微合金钢回顾与展望.中国工程科学,2000,2(2)：77～82
[11]韩孝永.铌、钒、钛在微合金钢中的作用.宽厚板,2006,12(1)：39-41
[12]陆匠心,王国栋.一种Nb-Ti微合金钢微合金碳氮化物析出行为的研究.钢铁,2005,40(9)：69～72
[13]胡心彬,李鳞,吴晓春.铌微合金化在特殊钢中的应用.金属热处理,2003,28(6)：6-10
[14]Dutta B., Palmiere E.J., Sellars C.M.. Modelling the kinetics of strain induced precipitation in Nb microalloyed steels. Acta Materialia,2001,49(5):785～794
[15]Pereloma E.V., Crawford B.R., Hodgson P D. Strain-induced precipitation behaviour in hot rolled strip steel. Materials Science and Engineering A,2001,299:27～37
[16]Palmiere E.J., Garcia G.I., Deardo A.J.. The influence of niobium supersaturation in austenite on the static recrystallization behavior of low carbon microalloyed steels. Metal Mater. Trans. A,1996,27(4):951～960
[17]Kang K.B., Kwon O., Lee W.B., et al. Effect of precipitation on the recrystallization behavior of a Nb containing steel. Scripta Mater,1997,36(11):1303～1308
[18]王有铭,李曼云,韦光.钢材的控制轧制与控制冷却.北京：冶金工业出版社,1995
[19]黄维刚,方鸿生,郑燕康.硅对Mn-B系空冷贝氏体钢组织与性能的影响.金属热处理学报,1997,18(1)：8～13
[20]刘东雨,方鸿生,陈颜堂,等.1500MPa级经济型贝氏体／马氏体复相钢的合金设计.金属热处理,2000,(10)：1～5
[21]方鸿生,刘东雨,常开地,等.1500MPa级经济型贝氏体／马氏体复相钢的组织与性能.钢铁研究学报,2001,13(3)：31～36
[22]Dongyu Liu., Bingzhe Bai., Hongsheng Fang., et al. Effect of tempering temperature and carbide free bainite on the mechanical characteristics of a high strength low alloy steel. Materials science and engineering A,2004,347:40～44
[23]刘东雨,方鸿生,白秉哲.残留奥氏体对1500MPa级新型低碳Mn-Si-Cr系合金钢冲击韧度的影响.材料热处理学报,2002,23(4)：57～61
[24]杨延清,陈延,等.准贝氏体组织及新型系列准贝氏体钢.特殊钢,1999,4：35-37
[25]康沫狂,杨思品,管敦惠.钢中贝氏体.上海：上海科学技术出版社,1990
[26]周荣,胡国忠.控制冷却获得贝氏体／马氏体球磨铸铁.铸造,1996,9：9～14
[27]蔡擎,杨舒,高绍君,等.控铸控冷新工艺及其在抗磨钢件生产中的应用研究.机械,2002,29：208～211
[28]程巨强.正火温度对ZG30CrMn2Si2NiMo组织和力学性能的影响.热加工工艺,2005,(6)：61-64
[29]苑少强,王振良.贝氏体组织的弛豫细化.金属热处理,2005,30(4)：42-45
[30]Rainforth W.M., Black M.P., Higginson R.L., et al. Precipitation of NbC in a Model Austenitic Steel. Acta Materialia,2002,50:735-747
[31]林慧国,傅代直.钢的奥氏体转变曲线：原理、测试及应用.机械工业出版社,1988
[32]王德俊.疲劳强度设计理论与方法.沈阳：东北工学院出版社,1991
[33]凌树森.金属材料力学性能试验.理化检验-物理分册,1994,30(6)：56-60
[34]束德林.金属力学性能.北京：机械工业出版社,1987
[35]关听,孟延军.超高周疲劳的研究进展,钢铁研究,2009,37(1)58-62
[36]夏立芳.金属热处理工艺学.哈尔滨工业大学出版社,96年第二版,63-68
[37]Speer J.G, Michael J.R., Hansen S.S., Carbonitride precipitation in niobium/vanadium microalloyed steels. Metall. Trans. A.,1987,18(2):211～222
[38]Smith R.M., Dunne D.P., Structural aspects of alloy carbonitride precipitation in microalloyed steels.Mater. Forum.,1988,11:166-181.
[39]雍歧龙,孙珍宝,吴宝榕,等.第二相与晶粒粗化时间及粗化温度.钢铁,1993,28(9)：45～50
[40]吴新朗,赵征志,余威,等.低碳微合金钢中Nb、Ti碳氮化物的回溶行为研究.钢铁钒钛,2009,30(1)：29～33
[41]颜晓峰,章洪涛,王瑞珍,等.含铌16Mn钢的奥氏体晶粒粗化和NbC固溶析出行为.2000,12(2)：49～53
[42]周乐育,刘雅政,方圆,等.Nb对C-Si-Mn-Cr双相钢相变规律、组织和性能的影响.钢铁,2008,43(7)：76-80
[43]于庆波,孙莹,李子林,等.微量固溶Nb在钢中的作用.钢铁,2006,41(2)：59～62
[44]胡德林,张帆,郦定强,等.钢中奥氏体晶界遗传再探讨.金属热处理,1994(1)：27-32,50
[45]郦定强,胡德林,贾东升.20Cr2Ni4A钢中奥氏体晶界遗传现象.热加工工艺,1994(2)：16～18
[46]Wang C.Y., Fu R.D.,Zhou W.H., et al. Effect of reheating processes on grain boundary heritance for 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2006,438-440:1135～1138
[47]张帆.钢的奥氏体晶粒、晶界遗传性及断口遗传性[博士学位论文].西北工业大学,1988
[2]刘东雨,方鸿生,白秉哲,等.无碳化物贝氏体／马氏体复相钢的强韧性.机械工程学报,2003,39(8)：27～31
[3]刘东雨,徐鸿,杨昆,等.贝氏体／马氏体复相组织对低碳合金钢强韧性的影响.金属学报,2004,40(8)：882～886
[4]张弛,方鸿生,杨志刚,等.锰硅系贝氏体／马氏体复相钢中贝氏体精细结构的研究.金属学报,2001,37(6)：561～566
[5]章立群,刘自成,刘东雨,等.Mn系贝氏体／马氏体复相钢的研究及应用进展.金属热处理,2006,31(12)：2～6
[6]冯春雨.浅谈合金元素在钢中的作用.冶金标准化与质量,1996,8：20～23
[7]邢书明.合金白口铁中合金元素作用的试验研究.河北机电学院学报,1995,12(3)：35-40
[8]徐德祥,尹锺大.弹簧钢高强度化及合金元素的作用.金属热处理,2003,28(12)：30-36
[9]叶江,符寒光,李明伟,等.高碳高速钢轧辊中合金元素的作用及成分设计.现代铸铁,2007,1：50-55
[10]王仪康.微合金钢回顾与展望.中国工程科学,2000,2(2)：77～82
[11]韩孝永.铌、钒、钛在微合金钢中的作用.宽厚板,2006,12(1)：39-41
[12]陆匠心,王国栋.一种Nb-Ti微合金钢微合金碳氮化物析出行为的研究.钢铁,2005,40(9)：69～72
[13]胡心彬,李鳞,吴晓春.铌微合金化在特殊钢中的应用.金属热处理,2003,28(6)：6-10
[14]Dutta B., Palmiere E.J., Sellars C.M.. Modelling the kinetics of strain induced precipitation in Nb microalloyed steels. Acta Materialia,2001,49(5):785～794
[15]Pereloma E.V., Crawford B.R., Hodgson P D. Strain-induced precipitation behaviour in hot rolled strip steel. Materials Science and Engineering A,2001,299:27～37
[16]Palmiere E.J., Garcia G.I., Deardo A.J.. The influence of niobium supersaturation in austenite on the static recrystallization behavior of low carbon microalloyed steels. Metal Mater. Trans. A,1996,27(4):951～960
[17]Kang K.B., Kwon O., Lee W.B., et al. Effect of precipitation on the recrystallization behavior of a Nb containing steel. Scripta Mater,1997,36(11):1303～1308
[18]王有铭,李曼云,韦光.钢材的控制轧制与控制冷却.北京：冶金工业出版社,1995
[19]黄维刚,方鸿生,郑燕康.硅对Mn-B系空冷贝氏体钢组织与性能的影响.金属热处理学报,1997,18(1)：8～13
[20]刘东雨,方鸿生,陈颜堂,等.1500MPa级经济型贝氏体／马氏体复相钢的合金设计.金属热处理,2000,(10)：1～5
[21]方鸿生,刘东雨,常开地,等.1500MPa级经济型贝氏体／马氏体复相钢的组织与性能.钢铁研究学报,2001,13(3)：31～36
[22]Dongyu Liu., Bingzhe Bai., Hongsheng Fang., et al. Effect of tempering temperature and carbide free bainite on the mechanical characteristics of a high strength low alloy steel. Materials science and engineering A,2004,347:40～44
[23]刘东雨,方鸿生,白秉哲.残留奥氏体对1500MPa级新型低碳Mn-Si-Cr系合金钢冲击韧度的影响.材料热处理学报,2002,23(4)：57～61
[24]杨延清,陈延,等.准贝氏体组织及新型系列准贝氏体钢.特殊钢,1999,4：35-37
[25]康沫狂,杨思品,管敦惠.钢中贝氏体.上海：上海科学技术出版社,1990
[26]周荣,胡国忠.控制冷却获得贝氏体／马氏体球磨铸铁.铸造,1996,9：9～14
[27]蔡擎,杨舒,高绍君,等.控铸控冷新工艺及其在抗磨钢件生产中的应用研究.机械,2002,29：208～211
[28]程巨强.正火温度对ZG30CrMn2Si2NiMo组织和力学性能的影响.热加工工艺,2005,(6)：61-64
[29]苑少强,王振良.贝氏体组织的弛豫细化.金属热处理,2005,30(4)：42-45
[30]Rainforth W.M., Black M.P., Higginson R.L., et al. Precipitation of NbC in a Model Austenitic Steel. Acta Materialia,2002,50:735-747
[31]林慧国,傅代直.钢的奥氏体转变曲线：原理、测试及应用.机械工业出版社,1988
[32]王德俊.疲劳强度设计理论与方法.沈阳：东北工学院出版社,1991
[33]凌树森.金属材料力学性能试验.理化检验-物理分册,1994,30(6)：56-60
[34]束德林.金属力学性能.北京：机械工业出版社,1987
[35]关听,孟延军.超高周疲劳的研究进展,钢铁研究,2009,37(1)58-62
[36]夏立芳.金属热处理工艺学.哈尔滨工业大学出版社,96年第二版,63-68
[37]Speer J.G, Michael J.R., Hansen S.S., Carbonitride precipitation in niobium/vanadium microalloyed steels. Metall. Trans. A.,1987,18(2):211～222
[38]Smith R.M., Dunne D.P., Structural aspects of alloy carbonitride precipitation in microalloyed steels.Mater. Forum.,1988,11:166-181.
[39]雍歧龙,孙珍宝,吴宝榕,等.第二相与晶粒粗化时间及粗化温度.钢铁,1993,28(9)：45～50
[40]吴新朗,赵征志,余威,等.低碳微合金钢中Nb、Ti碳氮化物的回溶行为研究.钢铁钒钛,2009,30(1)：29～33
[41]颜晓峰,章洪涛,王瑞珍,等.含铌16Mn钢的奥氏体晶粒粗化和NbC固溶析出行为.2000,12(2)：49～53
[42]周乐育,刘雅政,方圆,等.Nb对C-Si-Mn-Cr双相钢相变规律、组织和性能的影响.钢铁,2008,43(7)：76-80
[43]于庆波,孙莹,李子林,等.微量固溶Nb在钢中的作用.钢铁,2006,41(2)：59～62
[44]胡德林,张帆,郦定强,等.钢中奥氏体晶界遗传再探讨.金属热处理,1994(1)：27-32,50
[45]郦定强,胡德林,贾东升.20Cr2Ni4A钢中奥氏体晶界遗传现象.热加工工艺,1994(2)：16～18
[46]Wang C.Y., Fu R.D.,Zhou W.H., et al. Effect of reheating processes on grain boundary heritance for 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2006,438-440:1135～1138
[47]张帆.钢的奥氏体晶粒、晶界遗传性及断口遗传性[博士学位论文].西北工业大学,1988