22-29GHz超宽带放大器设计
摘要
随着宽带无线通信需求量的增大,毫米波段的开发研究越来越受到关注。基于对微波高频放大器目前研究状况的调查和分析,已设计的大部分高频放大器或工作在单个频率点,或工作带宽为窄带,且它们的直流功耗都在10mW以上。已报导的一些超宽带放大器,它们的增益很低且回波损耗严重,直流功耗高。对于超宽带(UWB)车载雷达系统来说,它要求超宽带放大器有合适的增益并且低直流功耗。基于这些要求,并试图在前人对高频超宽带放大器研究的基础上做进一步地提高,通过采用0.13um CMOS工艺,设计工作带宽为22-29GHz,且具有合适的增益和回波损耗,直流功耗低于10mW的超宽带放大器为本论文的研究目标,所使用的电路仿真软件为ADS(Advanced Design System ADS 2006)。
为了满足UWB车载雷达系统的低直流功耗要求,在传统的电流复用结构基础上,提出了一种新的电流复用结构。同时,为了解决超宽带平坦度的问题,提出了新的负反馈结构。通过采用新的电流复用结构和新的负反馈结构,所设计的超宽带放大器在22-29GHz整个频段内增益高于10dB,在25.2GHz,增益最高,为12.5 dB。P-1dB, IIP3及OIP3分别为3.55dBm,-3dBm和6dBm。通过设计输入和输出匹配电路,使输入级和输出级匹配到50Ω,在22-29GHz整个频段内,输入电压驻波比(VSWR)IN <2.8和输出电压驻波比(VSWR)OUT <2。超宽带放大器电路的供电电源为1.5V,整个电路的直流功耗仅为9.85mW。与其他相关的研究成果相比,增益功耗比(Gain max / PDC)最高,满足了UWB车载雷达系统对低功耗的要求。
因为研究时间的限制,没有时间流片和测试,目前仅限于仿真结果,下一步的研究工作为进行放大器第一级电源电路的设计、版图的设计及流片测试。
Due to the increasing demands for broadband wireless communication, high frequency bands such as microwave and millimeter-wave where there is sufficient spectrum are of growing interest. Based on the investigations on research works about amplifiers within 22GHz to 29GHz the previous researchers had done. Up to now, amplifiers realized within 22GHz to 29GHz have high DC power consumption over 10mw and most of them are narrow band or focusing on single frequency. Even some wideband amplifiers within or close to 22GHz to 29GHz are realized but with low gain and bad return losses. However, for transmissions UWB vehicular radar Systems, it requires amplifiers with wider band operation and proper gain with lower DC consumption. Based on these requirements and the purpose to do some improvements on previous work researchers had done, a sub-millimeter wave UWB amplifier using 0.13um CMOS technology ranging from 22GHz to 29GHz with DC consumption lower than 10mw but with acceptable gain and return loss is the research goal of this thesis, In the design, the simulation tool is Advanced Design System ADS 2006.
By adopting the new current-reuse topology, the proposed UWB amplifier consumes only 9.85mw DC power from 1.5V supply which is the lowest DC consumption within this band up to now. Meanwhile, by introducing the new feedback network in the first stage and an inductive feedback network in the second stage, the proposed UWB amplifier with the peaking gain 12.5dB at 25.2GHz has gain over 10dB in the whole band and acceptable VSWR with (VSWR)IN <2.72 and (VSWR)OUT <2. Compared to the recent high frequency amplifiers in 22-29GHz frequency band, to the author’s best knowledge, the designed amplifier has the lowest DC consumption but the highest Gain max / PDC.
Due to the limitation of research time, the research results are only the simulation results. Therefore, in the future work, we will focus on the design of the first stage’s supply circuit, layout and chip-test.
为了满足UWB车载雷达系统的低直流功耗要求,在传统的电流复用结构基础上,提出了一种新的电流复用结构。同时,为了解决超宽带平坦度的问题,提出了新的负反馈结构。通过采用新的电流复用结构和新的负反馈结构,所设计的超宽带放大器在22-29GHz整个频段内增益高于10dB,在25.2GHz,增益最高,为12.5 dB。P-1dB, IIP3及OIP3分别为3.55dBm,-3dBm和6dBm。通过设计输入和输出匹配电路,使输入级和输出级匹配到50Ω,在22-29GHz整个频段内,输入电压驻波比(VSWR)IN <2.8和输出电压驻波比(VSWR)OUT <2。超宽带放大器电路的供电电源为1.5V,整个电路的直流功耗仅为9.85mW。与其他相关的研究成果相比,增益功耗比(Gain max / PDC)最高,满足了UWB车载雷达系统对低功耗的要求。
因为研究时间的限制,没有时间流片和测试,目前仅限于仿真结果,下一步的研究工作为进行放大器第一级电源电路的设计、版图的设计及流片测试。
Due to the increasing demands for broadband wireless communication, high frequency bands such as microwave and millimeter-wave where there is sufficient spectrum are of growing interest. Based on the investigations on research works about amplifiers within 22GHz to 29GHz the previous researchers had done. Up to now, amplifiers realized within 22GHz to 29GHz have high DC power consumption over 10mw and most of them are narrow band or focusing on single frequency. Even some wideband amplifiers within or close to 22GHz to 29GHz are realized but with low gain and bad return losses. However, for transmissions UWB vehicular radar Systems, it requires amplifiers with wider band operation and proper gain with lower DC consumption. Based on these requirements and the purpose to do some improvements on previous work researchers had done, a sub-millimeter wave UWB amplifier using 0.13um CMOS technology ranging from 22GHz to 29GHz with DC consumption lower than 10mw but with acceptable gain and return loss is the research goal of this thesis, In the design, the simulation tool is Advanced Design System ADS 2006.
By adopting the new current-reuse topology, the proposed UWB amplifier consumes only 9.85mw DC power from 1.5V supply which is the lowest DC consumption within this band up to now. Meanwhile, by introducing the new feedback network in the first stage and an inductive feedback network in the second stage, the proposed UWB amplifier with the peaking gain 12.5dB at 25.2GHz has gain over 10dB in the whole band and acceptable VSWR with (VSWR)IN <2.72 and (VSWR)OUT <2. Compared to the recent high frequency amplifiers in 22-29GHz frequency band, to the author’s best knowledge, the designed amplifier has the lowest DC consumption but the highest Gain max / PDC.
Due to the limitation of research time, the research results are only the simulation results. Therefore, in the future work, we will focus on the design of the first stage’s supply circuit, layout and chip-test.
引文
[1] FCC 00-163; Revision of Part 15 of the Commission’s Rules Regarding Ultra-Wideband Transmission Systems; Notice of Proposed Rule Making; 11 May 2000
[2] FCC 02-48; Revision of Part 15 of the Commission’s Rules Regarding Ultra-Wideband Transmission Systems; First Report and Order; 22 April 2002
[3] Federal Register Volume 67, No. 95; Ultra-Wideband Transmission Systems; Final rule; May 2002
[4] Takeshi MATSUMURA, Kazuki ESHMA. Katsuya MIZUTANI. Ryuji KOHNO,“Inter-Vehicle Communication and Ranging System Using Ultra Wideband Impulse Radio,”The 3rd International Workshop on ITS Telecommunications 2002 Seoul. pp.341-346 2002-11
[5] Takeshi MATSLMURA. Katsuya MIZUTANI, Ryuji KOHNO,“Concatenaled Sequence for Inter-Vehicle Communication and Ranging Using Ultra Wideband Impulse Radio,”2003 International Workshop on Ultra Wideband Systems. Oulu, June 2003
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[2] FCC 02-48; Revision of Part 15 of the Commission’s Rules Regarding Ultra-Wideband Transmission Systems; First Report and Order; 22 April 2002
[3] Federal Register Volume 67, No. 95; Ultra-Wideband Transmission Systems; Final rule; May 2002
[4] Takeshi MATSUMURA, Kazuki ESHMA. Katsuya MIZUTANI. Ryuji KOHNO,“Inter-Vehicle Communication and Ranging System Using Ultra Wideband Impulse Radio,”The 3rd International Workshop on ITS Telecommunications 2002 Seoul. pp.341-346 2002-11
[5] Takeshi MATSLMURA. Katsuya MIZUTANI, Ryuji KOHNO,“Concatenaled Sequence for Inter-Vehicle Communication and Ranging Using Ultra Wideband Impulse Radio,”2003 International Workshop on Ultra Wideband Systems. Oulu, June 2003
[6] F. Ellinger,“26-42GHz SOI CMOS low noise amplifier,”IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 522-528, Mar. 2004.
[7] J.-H. Tsai, W.-C. Chen, T.-P. Wang, T.-W. Huang, and H. Wang,“A miniature Q-band low noise amplifier using 0.13-μm CMOS technology,”IEEE Microwave and Wireless Component Letters, vol. 16, no. 6, June 2006.
[8] M. A. Masud, H. Zirath, M. Fendahl, and H.-O. Vickes,“90nm CMOS MMIC amplifier,”IEEE RFIC Symp. Dig., pp. 201-204, June 2004.
[9] H. Shigematsu, T. Hirose, F. Brewer, and M. Rodwell,“Millimeter CMOS circuit design,”IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 53, no. 2, pp.472-477, Feb. 2005.
[10] C. H. Doan, S. Emami, A. M. Niknejad, R. W. Brodersen, Millimeterwave CMOS Design,”IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 40, no. 1, pp.144-155, Jan. 2005.
[11] M.A.T.Sanduleanu, G. Zhang, and J. R. Long,“31-34GHz Low Noise Amplifier with On-chip microstrip Lines and Inter-stage Matching in 90nm Baseline CMOS,”Proceedings of RFIC, 2006, pp. 143-146.
[12] Y. SU, and Kenneth K. O,“An 800-μW 26-GHz CMOS Tuned Amplifier,”Proceedings of RFIC, 2006, pp. 151-154.
[13] T. Yao, M. Gordon, K. Yau, M. T. Yang and S. P. Voinigescu“60GHz PA and LNA in 90nm-CMOS ,”Proceedings of RFIC, 2006, pp. 147-150.
[14] B. Heydari, M. Bohsali, E. Adabi, and A. Niknejad“Low-Power mmWave components up to 104GHz in 90nm CMOS ,”ISSCC Digest of Technical Papers, 2007, pp. 200-201.
[15] A.Bevilacqua and A.M.Niknejad,“An ultra wideband CMOS low-noise amplifier for 3.1–10.6-GHz wireless receivers,”IEEE J.Solid-State Circuits,vol.39,no.12,pp.2259–2268,Dec.2004.
[16] A.Ismail and A.A.Abidi,“A 3–10-GHz low-noise amplifier with wideband LC-ladder matching network,”IEEE J.Solid-StateCircuits,vol.39,no.12,pp.2269–2277,Dec.2004.
[17] M.T.Reiha,J.R.Long, and J.J.Pekarik,“A 1.2V reactive-feedback 3.1–10.6GHz ultrawideband low-noise amplifier in 0.13um CMOS,”inProc.IEEE RFIC Symp., SanFrancisco,CA, 2006, p.41–44.
[18] Chi-Chen Chen, Yo-Sheng Lin, Jin-Fa Cheng, and Jen-How Lee,“A K-BAND LOW-NOISE AMPLIFIER USING SHUNT RC-FEEDBACK AND SERIES INDUCTIVE-PEAKING TECHNIQUES,”MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS/Vol.50,No.5,May 2008.
[19] H.W.Bode,Network Analysis and Feedback Amplifier Design.NewYork:Van Nostrand,1945.
[20] R.-C.Liu,C.-S.Lin,K.-L.Deng,and H.Wang,“Design and analysis of DC-to-14-GHz and 22-GHz CMOS cascaded is distributed amplifiers,”IEEEJ.Solid-State Circuits,vol.39,no.8,pp.1370–1374,2004.
[21] R.-C. Liu, K.-L. Deng, and H.Wang,“A 0.6-22-GHz broadband CMOS distributed amplifier,”in IEEE RFIC Symp. Dig., 2003, pp. 103–106.
[22] R.-C. Liu, C.-S. Lin, K.-L. Deng, and H.Wang,“A 0.5-14-GHz 10.6-dB CMOS cascode distributed amplifier,”in IEEE Symp. VLSI Circuits Dig.,2003, pp. 139–140.
[23] Ro-Min Weng , Po-Cheng Lin,“A 1.5-V Low-Power Common-Gate Low Noise Amplifier for Ultra-wideband Receivers,”2007 IEEE
[24] S.-K. TANK, C.-F. CHAN,C.-S.CHOY and K.P. PUN,“A 1.2 V, 1.8-GHz CMOS Two-Stage LNA with Common-Gate Amplifier as An Input Stage,”in Proc. ASIC, vol. 2, pp. 1042-1045, Oct. 2003.
[25] Xiang Guan and Ali Hajimiri. A 24 GHz CMOS Front-end. Proc. of ESSCIRC 2002 (September 2002), p.155-158
[26] A. Bevilacqua and A. M. Niknejad,“An Ultrawideband CMOS Low-Noise Amplifier for 3.1–10.6-GHz Wireless Receivers,”IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 39, no. 12, pp.2259-2268, Dec 2004.
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