基于半导体光放大器的全光逻辑门
|
摘要
全光信号处理在高速光通信网络和光计算中有广泛应用,而全光逻辑门是光信号处理中的关键功能,是实现光分组交换、光计算和未来高速大容量光传输的关键器件[1-3]。半导体光放大器(SOA)因为具备体积小、工作波长范围宽、响应时间短及良好的非线性特性等优点,十分适合用来实现全光逻辑功能,成为研制高速全光逻辑器件的首选。本文在教育部新世纪优秀人才计划的支持下,对基于半导体光放大器(SOA)的全光逻辑或非门及全光逻辑与非门进行了理论和实验研究,具体工作如下:
(1)在广泛查阅文献的基础上,分析了全光逻辑的研究背景、意义以及全光逻辑门在全光网络中的应用,概括了全光逻辑的实现方案和研究状况。
(2)从半导体光放大器(SOA)中的载流子速率方程和光功率的传输方程出发,采用SOA的分段模型,数值模拟了SOA的稳态和动态增益饱和特性,并分析讨论了计算结果。
(3)研究了基于SOA中交叉增益调制(XGM)效应的全光逻辑或非门。分析了这种方案的工作原理,数值模拟了10Gb/s NRZ信号逻辑或非运算过程。对10Gb/s逻辑或非运算进行了实验验证,对实验结果进行了讨论。实验结果和理论模拟结果符合较好。
(4)研究了基于SOA中交叉增益调制(XGM)效应的全光逻辑与非门。数值模拟了全光逻辑与非门的工作过程,同时分析了各种参数对逻辑运算结果的影响。实验验证了10Gb/s NRZ信号的全光逻辑与非门,并对实验结果进行了详细的分析。实验结果和理论模拟结果符合较好。
All-optical signal processing will play a great role in future high-speed optical networks and optical computing. The optical logic gates, as an important part of optical signal processing, have received much attention in recent years, and also are the crucial implements in packet switching system, optical computing and optical transmission in future. Semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) have many advantages such as small size, wide bandwidth and low response time, which make them a strong candidate to realize all-optical logic gates. Supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (Grant No. 04-0715), theoretical and experimental research on all-optical logic gates based on semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) are presented in this thesis. The main contents are listed as follows:
(1) The research background, applications and achievements of all-optical logic gates are clarified.
(2) Based on the carrier density rate equation, optical power propagation equation and sectional model of SOA, the static and dynamic characteristics of SOA are theoretically simulated.
(3) A scheme for all-optical NOR gate based on SOA is investigated. The theoretical result for all-optical NOR gate at 10Gb/s is obtained. Some key factors in output performance are discussed. Experimental result for all-optical NOR gate at 10Gb/s is also obtained. There is a good agreement between theoretical and experimental results.
(4) A scheme for all-optical NAND gate based on single-port-coupled SOAs is investigated. The working process of all-optical logic NAND gate is simulated. The all-optical logic NAND gate at 10 Gb/s is demonstrated experimentally. Theoretical calculation results are in agreement with the experimental results.
(1)在广泛查阅文献的基础上,分析了全光逻辑的研究背景、意义以及全光逻辑门在全光网络中的应用,概括了全光逻辑的实现方案和研究状况。
(2)从半导体光放大器(SOA)中的载流子速率方程和光功率的传输方程出发,采用SOA的分段模型,数值模拟了SOA的稳态和动态增益饱和特性,并分析讨论了计算结果。
(3)研究了基于SOA中交叉增益调制(XGM)效应的全光逻辑或非门。分析了这种方案的工作原理,数值模拟了10Gb/s NRZ信号逻辑或非运算过程。对10Gb/s逻辑或非运算进行了实验验证,对实验结果进行了讨论。实验结果和理论模拟结果符合较好。
(4)研究了基于SOA中交叉增益调制(XGM)效应的全光逻辑与非门。数值模拟了全光逻辑与非门的工作过程,同时分析了各种参数对逻辑运算结果的影响。实验验证了10Gb/s NRZ信号的全光逻辑与非门,并对实验结果进行了详细的分析。实验结果和理论模拟结果符合较好。
All-optical signal processing will play a great role in future high-speed optical networks and optical computing. The optical logic gates, as an important part of optical signal processing, have received much attention in recent years, and also are the crucial implements in packet switching system, optical computing and optical transmission in future. Semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) have many advantages such as small size, wide bandwidth and low response time, which make them a strong candidate to realize all-optical logic gates. Supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (Grant No. 04-0715), theoretical and experimental research on all-optical logic gates based on semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) are presented in this thesis. The main contents are listed as follows:
(1) The research background, applications and achievements of all-optical logic gates are clarified.
(2) Based on the carrier density rate equation, optical power propagation equation and sectional model of SOA, the static and dynamic characteristics of SOA are theoretically simulated.
(3) A scheme for all-optical NOR gate based on SOA is investigated. The theoretical result for all-optical NOR gate at 10Gb/s is obtained. Some key factors in output performance are discussed. Experimental result for all-optical NOR gate at 10Gb/s is also obtained. There is a good agreement between theoretical and experimental results.
(4) A scheme for all-optical NAND gate based on single-port-coupled SOAs is investigated. The working process of all-optical logic NAND gate is simulated. The all-optical logic NAND gate at 10 Gb/s is demonstrated experimentally. Theoretical calculation results are in agreement with the experimental results.
引文
[1] H Avramopoulos. A system Perspective of All-Optical Digital Logic Gates. IEEE/LEOS Summer Topicals 2002, Tech. Dig. ME2, QC, Canada, 2002. 15~17
[2] 王勇,殷洪玺,张振荣等. 未来光因特网中的光交换方式及其发展趋势. 电信科学, 2001, 9: 17~20
[3] 胡文娟,桂厚义,黄本雄. 全光网的关键技术及其发展前景. 光通信研究,2005,2: 23~29
[4] 周剑琦. 解读全光网. 计算机世界报,2002,31: 24~25
[5] Jae Hun, Byun Young Tae, Jhon Young Min, Lee Seok, Woo Deok Ha, Kim Sun Ho. All-optical half adder using semiconductor optical amplifier based devices Kim. Optics Communications, 2003, 218(4-6): 345~349
[6] Poustie A.J., Blow K.J., anning R.J., Kelly A.E. All-optical pseudorandom number generator. Optics Communications, 1999, 159(4-6): 208~214
[7] Poustie A.J., Blow, K.J., Kelly A.E., Manning R.J. All-optical parity checker with bit-differential delay. Optics Communications, 1999, 162(1-3): 37~43
[8] Bintjas C., Pleros N., Yiannopoulos K., Theophilopoulos G., Kalyvas M., Avramopoulos H., Guekos G. All-optical packet address and payload separation. Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE, 2002, 14(12): 1728~1730
[9] T. Fjelde, A. Kloch, D. Wolfson, B. Dagens, A. Coquelin, I. Guillemot, F. Gaborit, F. Poingt, and M. Renaud. Novel Scheme for Simple Label-Swapping Employing XOR Logic in an Integrated Interferometric Wavelength Converter. IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, 2001, 13(7): 750~752
[10] C.Bintjas, M.Kalyvas, G.Theophilopoulos et al. 20Gb/s all-optical XOR with UNI gate.IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2000, 12(7): 834~836
[11] 陈兴忠,姚敏玉,高以智. 超快非线性干涉仪及其在高速全光信号处理中的应用. 光电子?激光,1999,10(5): 388~390
[12] A.J.Poustie, K.J.Blow, A.E.Kelly et al. All-optical full adder with bit-differential delay. Optics Communications, 1999, 168: 89~93
[13] A.J.Poustie, K.J.Blow, A.E.Kelly et al. All-optical parity checker with bit-differential delay. Optics Communications, 1999, 162: 37~43
[14] A.J.Poustie, K.J.Blow, R.J.Manning et al. All-optical pseudorandom number generator. Optics Communications, 1999, 159: 208~214
[15] A.J.Poustie, K.J.Blow, A.E.Kelly et al. All-optical binary half-adder. Optics Communications, 1998, 156: 22~25
[16] A.J.Poustie, K.J.Blow, R.J.Manning et al. All-optical regenerative memory with full write/read capability. Optics Communications, 1998, 154: 277~281
[17] A.J.Poustie, K.J.Blow. Demonstration of an all-optical Fredkin gate. Optics Communications, 2000, 174: 317~320
[18] Alistair Poustie, R.J.Manning and A.E.Kelly. All-optical binary counter. Optics Express, 2000, 6(3): 69~74
[19] 肖学智, 伍浩成. 非线性光环镜及其在信息技术领域中的应用. 光通信技术,2000, 24(3): 202~207
[20] I.Glesk, R.J.Runser, P.R.Prucnal. New generation of devieces for all optical communications. Acta Physica slovaca, 2001, 51(2): 151~162
[21] Jae Hun Kim, Young Min Jhon, Young Tae Byun et al. All-optical XOR gate using semiconductor optical amplifiers without additional input beam. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2002, 14(10): 1436~1438
[22] Ali Hamie, Ammar Sharaiha, Mikael Guegan et al. All-optical logic XOR gate using two-cascaded semiconductor optical amplifiers. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2002, 14(10): 1439~1441
[23] 李保海,吴重庆,付松年等. 半导体光放大器的研究进展与新应用. 光通信技术,2004,4: 18~21
[24] A. Hamie, A. Sharaiha, M. Guegan, et al. All-optical Logic NOR Gate Using Two-Cascaded Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2002, 14(10): 1439~1441
[25] Junqiang Sun. Relaxation of facet reflection restrictions in XGM wavelength converters.Optics Communication, 2002, 206(1-3): 67~75
[26] K. Obermann. All-optical Wavelength Conversion Based on Cross-gain Modulation and Four-wave Mixing in Semiconductor optical Amplifiers. Berlin: Wissenschaft undTechnik Verlag, 1999
[27] F. Ginovart, J.C. Simon, I. Valiente, et al. Gain recovery dynamics in semiconductor optical amplifier. Optics Communication, 2001, 199(1-4): 111~115
[28] B. Mikkelsen. Optical amplifiers and their system application:[Ph.D. Thesis]. Lyngby: Dept. of Electromagnetic System, Technical University of Denmark, 1994
[29] 洪伟,黄德修. 半导体光放大器静态增益饱和特性的理论研究. 华中科技大学学报,2002,30(9): 67~69
[30] Junqiang Sun. Relaxation of facet reflection restrictions in XGM wavelength converters. Optics Communication, 2002, 206(1-3): 67~75
[31] 张新亮. 半导体光放大器用作全光波长转换器的研究:[博士学位论文]. 武汉:华中科技大学光电子工程系,2000
[32] 李红. 数值分析. 第一版. 武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2003
[33] 徐帆,张新亮,黄德修. 新型结构可调谐全光波长转换器的理论与实验研究. 物理学报,2004,53(7): 2165~2169
[34] C. Zhao, X. Zhang, H. Liu, et al. Novel tunable all-optical NOR gate at 20-Gb/s based on SOA fiber ring laser. Proc. SPIE 6020, 602028, 2005
[35] Jianji Dong, Xinliang Zhang, Chan Zhao, et al. The optimization of rear facet reflectivity in all-optical wavelength converters based on a single-port coupled SOA. Proc. SPIE 6020, 60201H, 2005
[36] 董建绩,张新亮,黄德修. 基于单端SOA波长转换器的消光比特性分析. 激光技术,2005,291: 14~17
[37] 赵延,罗斌,潘炜等. 光纤环形腔半导体激光器全光波长转换特性分析. 激光杂志,2001,22(3): 4~5
[38] C. Zhao, X. Zhang, H. Liu, et al. Tunable all-optical NOR gate at 10Gb/s based on SOA fiber ring laser. Optics Express, 2005, 13(8): 2793~2798
[39] X. Zhang, C. Zhao, H. Liu, D. Liu, and D. Huang. Demonstration on All-Optical Logic AND and NOR Gates at 20Gb/s with cascaded SOAs. 20th Congress of the International Commission for Optics. Changchun, 0203-04, 2005
[40] 黄德修,刘雪峰. 半导体激光器及其应用. 第一版. 北京:国防工业出版社,1999
[41] Dong, JJ, Zhang, XL, Jiang, Z, et al. Theoretical and experimental study on all-optical wavelength converters based on the single-port-coupled SOA. Optical and Quantum Electronics, 2005, 37(11): 1011~1023
[42] X. Zhang, Y. Wang, J. Sun, et al. All-optical AND gate at 10 Gbit/s based on cascaded single-port-couple SOAs. Opt. Express 12, 2004. 361~366
[2] 王勇,殷洪玺,张振荣等. 未来光因特网中的光交换方式及其发展趋势. 电信科学, 2001, 9: 17~20
[3] 胡文娟,桂厚义,黄本雄. 全光网的关键技术及其发展前景. 光通信研究,2005,2: 23~29
[4] 周剑琦. 解读全光网. 计算机世界报,2002,31: 24~25
[5] Jae Hun, Byun Young Tae, Jhon Young Min, Lee Seok, Woo Deok Ha, Kim Sun Ho. All-optical half adder using semiconductor optical amplifier based devices Kim. Optics Communications, 2003, 218(4-6): 345~349
[6] Poustie A.J., Blow K.J., anning R.J., Kelly A.E. All-optical pseudorandom number generator. Optics Communications, 1999, 159(4-6): 208~214
[7] Poustie A.J., Blow, K.J., Kelly A.E., Manning R.J. All-optical parity checker with bit-differential delay. Optics Communications, 1999, 162(1-3): 37~43
[8] Bintjas C., Pleros N., Yiannopoulos K., Theophilopoulos G., Kalyvas M., Avramopoulos H., Guekos G. All-optical packet address and payload separation. Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE, 2002, 14(12): 1728~1730
[9] T. Fjelde, A. Kloch, D. Wolfson, B. Dagens, A. Coquelin, I. Guillemot, F. Gaborit, F. Poingt, and M. Renaud. Novel Scheme for Simple Label-Swapping Employing XOR Logic in an Integrated Interferometric Wavelength Converter. IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, 2001, 13(7): 750~752
[10] C.Bintjas, M.Kalyvas, G.Theophilopoulos et al. 20Gb/s all-optical XOR with UNI gate.IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2000, 12(7): 834~836
[11] 陈兴忠,姚敏玉,高以智. 超快非线性干涉仪及其在高速全光信号处理中的应用. 光电子?激光,1999,10(5): 388~390
[12] A.J.Poustie, K.J.Blow, A.E.Kelly et al. All-optical full adder with bit-differential delay. Optics Communications, 1999, 168: 89~93
[13] A.J.Poustie, K.J.Blow, A.E.Kelly et al. All-optical parity checker with bit-differential delay. Optics Communications, 1999, 162: 37~43
[14] A.J.Poustie, K.J.Blow, R.J.Manning et al. All-optical pseudorandom number generator. Optics Communications, 1999, 159: 208~214
[15] A.J.Poustie, K.J.Blow, A.E.Kelly et al. All-optical binary half-adder. Optics Communications, 1998, 156: 22~25
[16] A.J.Poustie, K.J.Blow, R.J.Manning et al. All-optical regenerative memory with full write/read capability. Optics Communications, 1998, 154: 277~281
[17] A.J.Poustie, K.J.Blow. Demonstration of an all-optical Fredkin gate. Optics Communications, 2000, 174: 317~320
[18] Alistair Poustie, R.J.Manning and A.E.Kelly. All-optical binary counter. Optics Express, 2000, 6(3): 69~74
[19] 肖学智, 伍浩成. 非线性光环镜及其在信息技术领域中的应用. 光通信技术,2000, 24(3): 202~207
[20] I.Glesk, R.J.Runser, P.R.Prucnal. New generation of devieces for all optical communications. Acta Physica slovaca, 2001, 51(2): 151~162
[21] Jae Hun Kim, Young Min Jhon, Young Tae Byun et al. All-optical XOR gate using semiconductor optical amplifiers without additional input beam. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2002, 14(10): 1436~1438
[22] Ali Hamie, Ammar Sharaiha, Mikael Guegan et al. All-optical logic XOR gate using two-cascaded semiconductor optical amplifiers. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2002, 14(10): 1439~1441
[23] 李保海,吴重庆,付松年等. 半导体光放大器的研究进展与新应用. 光通信技术,2004,4: 18~21
[24] A. Hamie, A. Sharaiha, M. Guegan, et al. All-optical Logic NOR Gate Using Two-Cascaded Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2002, 14(10): 1439~1441
[25] Junqiang Sun. Relaxation of facet reflection restrictions in XGM wavelength converters.Optics Communication, 2002, 206(1-3): 67~75
[26] K. Obermann. All-optical Wavelength Conversion Based on Cross-gain Modulation and Four-wave Mixing in Semiconductor optical Amplifiers. Berlin: Wissenschaft undTechnik Verlag, 1999
[27] F. Ginovart, J.C. Simon, I. Valiente, et al. Gain recovery dynamics in semiconductor optical amplifier. Optics Communication, 2001, 199(1-4): 111~115
[28] B. Mikkelsen. Optical amplifiers and their system application:[Ph.D. Thesis]. Lyngby: Dept. of Electromagnetic System, Technical University of Denmark, 1994
[29] 洪伟,黄德修. 半导体光放大器静态增益饱和特性的理论研究. 华中科技大学学报,2002,30(9): 67~69
[30] Junqiang Sun. Relaxation of facet reflection restrictions in XGM wavelength converters. Optics Communication, 2002, 206(1-3): 67~75
[31] 张新亮. 半导体光放大器用作全光波长转换器的研究:[博士学位论文]. 武汉:华中科技大学光电子工程系,2000
[32] 李红. 数值分析. 第一版. 武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2003
[33] 徐帆,张新亮,黄德修. 新型结构可调谐全光波长转换器的理论与实验研究. 物理学报,2004,53(7): 2165~2169
[34] C. Zhao, X. Zhang, H. Liu, et al. Novel tunable all-optical NOR gate at 20-Gb/s based on SOA fiber ring laser. Proc. SPIE 6020, 602028, 2005
[35] Jianji Dong, Xinliang Zhang, Chan Zhao, et al. The optimization of rear facet reflectivity in all-optical wavelength converters based on a single-port coupled SOA. Proc. SPIE 6020, 60201H, 2005
[36] 董建绩,张新亮,黄德修. 基于单端SOA波长转换器的消光比特性分析. 激光技术,2005,291: 14~17
[37] 赵延,罗斌,潘炜等. 光纤环形腔半导体激光器全光波长转换特性分析. 激光杂志,2001,22(3): 4~5
[38] C. Zhao, X. Zhang, H. Liu, et al. Tunable all-optical NOR gate at 10Gb/s based on SOA fiber ring laser. Optics Express, 2005, 13(8): 2793~2798
[39] X. Zhang, C. Zhao, H. Liu, D. Liu, and D. Huang. Demonstration on All-Optical Logic AND and NOR Gates at 20Gb/s with cascaded SOAs. 20th Congress of the International Commission for Optics. Changchun, 0203-04, 2005
[40] 黄德修,刘雪峰. 半导体激光器及其应用. 第一版. 北京:国防工业出版社,1999
[41] Dong, JJ, Zhang, XL, Jiang, Z, et al. Theoretical and experimental study on all-optical wavelength converters based on the single-port-coupled SOA. Optical and Quantum Electronics, 2005, 37(11): 1011~1023
[42] X. Zhang, Y. Wang, J. Sun, et al. All-optical AND gate at 10 Gbit/s based on cascaded single-port-couple SOAs. Opt. Express 12, 2004. 361~366