超快非线性干涉仪（UNI）的理论和实验研究
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摘要
全光网络的高速发展对信号的长距离传输提出了更高的要求,光信号在长距离传输过程中,各种不利因素将导致信号质量变差,限制了系统的传输速率和距离。全光3R(Re-amplifying,Re-shaping,Re-timing)再生技术能够很好的解决这一问题,而光判决是全光3R再生的核心部分。本论文就光判决所采用的超快非线性干涉仪(UNI)方案主要展开了以下几方面的工作:
1、分析和比较了几种现有的光判决方案的基本原理,对各自的特点进行了阐述,并比较了各个方案的优缺点和发展前景。
2、对半导体光放大器(SOA)进行了较为详细的理论分析,并用数值模拟方法求解了它的增益传输方程,研究了它的增益响应及其恢复特性,讨论了SOA在各参数改变时它的增益变化情况,进行了40Gbit/s的基于SOA波长变换实验,讨论了各参数变化时输出波形的变化,重点讨论了在输出端加一个窄带光学滤波器对改善输出波形的作用,实验和理论都表明在输出端加一个窄带光学滤波器是一种改善输出波形、减少码型效应的有效方案。
3、从理论上分析了UNI的基本原理,通过数值模拟分别讨论了SOA增益响应、XPM效应以及控制脉冲对UNI窗口的影响,对其开关特性有了较为深入的分析,为实验奠定了很好的理论基础。
4、进行了40Gbit/s的UNI全光判决实验,表明实验结果和理论是相符合的。
With the rapid development of all optical networks, the long-haultransmission of the optical signal has to be improved also. The opticalsignals will degrade by many disadvantageous factors,which limit thetransmission speed and distance of the optical signal. All-optical 3Rregeneration can solve this problem well. Optical decision gate is avital component in all-optical 3R regeneration. In this paper, wespread our work on UNI in following aspects.
1. At first the basic principle and performance of several decisiongates are analyzed, then their characteristics anddevelopment are introduced respectively, and theiradvantages and disadvantages are also compared.
2. SOA is studied in detail theoretically, gain response andrecover characteristic are analyzed by solving the transportequation numerically, its gain is discussed when parametersare altered. The experiment of 40Gbit/s wavelengthconversion is presented. Emphasis on reducing pattern effectby using a tunable narrow-band filter at the output port. Theanalysis of the result shows that it's a viable method toimprove the system performance.
3. The basic principle of UNI is studied in detail, its switchingwindow is discussed when the parameters are changed.Switch characteristic of UNI is analyzed in detail. We bringforward how to design a UNI.
4. The experiment of 40Gbit/s UNI is developed. Comparing thepictures of experiments with the diagrams of computersimulation. We can get the diagrams of computer simulationwhich accord with the pictures of experiments and can analyzethe experiments reasonably when we altered the parameters.
1、分析和比较了几种现有的光判决方案的基本原理,对各自的特点进行了阐述,并比较了各个方案的优缺点和发展前景。
2、对半导体光放大器(SOA)进行了较为详细的理论分析,并用数值模拟方法求解了它的增益传输方程,研究了它的增益响应及其恢复特性,讨论了SOA在各参数改变时它的增益变化情况,进行了40Gbit/s的基于SOA波长变换实验,讨论了各参数变化时输出波形的变化,重点讨论了在输出端加一个窄带光学滤波器对改善输出波形的作用,实验和理论都表明在输出端加一个窄带光学滤波器是一种改善输出波形、减少码型效应的有效方案。
3、从理论上分析了UNI的基本原理,通过数值模拟分别讨论了SOA增益响应、XPM效应以及控制脉冲对UNI窗口的影响,对其开关特性有了较为深入的分析,为实验奠定了很好的理论基础。
4、进行了40Gbit/s的UNI全光判决实验,表明实验结果和理论是相符合的。
With the rapid development of all optical networks, the long-haultransmission of the optical signal has to be improved also. The opticalsignals will degrade by many disadvantageous factors,which limit thetransmission speed and distance of the optical signal. All-optical 3Rregeneration can solve this problem well. Optical decision gate is avital component in all-optical 3R regeneration. In this paper, wespread our work on UNI in following aspects.
1. At first the basic principle and performance of several decisiongates are analyzed, then their characteristics anddevelopment are introduced respectively, and theiradvantages and disadvantages are also compared.
2. SOA is studied in detail theoretically, gain response andrecover characteristic are analyzed by solving the transportequation numerically, its gain is discussed when parametersare altered. The experiment of 40Gbit/s wavelengthconversion is presented. Emphasis on reducing pattern effectby using a tunable narrow-band filter at the output port. Theanalysis of the result shows that it's a viable method toimprove the system performance.
3. The basic principle of UNI is studied in detail, its switchingwindow is discussed when the parameters are changed.Switch characteristic of UNI is analyzed in detail. We bringforward how to design a UNI.
4. The experiment of 40Gbit/s UNI is developed. Comparing thepictures of experiments with the diagrams of computersimulation. We can get the diagrams of computer simulationwhich accord with the pictures of experiments and can analyzethe experiments reasonably when we altered the parameters.
引文
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[4]www.tom.com
[5]www.c-fol.net
[6]S.Fischer,M.Dūlk,E.Gamper,et al. Optical 3R regenerator for 40Gbit/s netwoks. Electron.Lett.,1999,35(23):2047-2049
[7] J.K.Lucel,K.Smith. All-optical signal regenrator.Optics Letters, 1993, 18(5):1226-1228
[8]GeorgiosI. Papadimitriou, “Optical Switching:Switch Fabrics,Techniques,and Architectures”,IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.21.No.2, pp385-405,February 2003.
[9]P.De Dobbelaere,K.Falta,L.Fan,S.Gloeckner,and S.Patra,”Digital MEMS for optical switching,”IEEE commun.Mag.,pp88-95,Mar.2002
[10] 陈非凡,殷玲,李云龙 “微光机电系统(MOEMS)的研究现状及进展”,微细加工技术,第 3 期,No.3,2002 年 9 月
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[12]Optical switching: switch fabrics, techniques, and architectures Papadimitriou, G.I.;Papazoglou, C.;Pomportsis, A.S.;Lightwave Technology, Journal of , Volume: 21 , Issue: 2 , Feb. 2003 Pages:384 – 405
[13]S. Bregni, G. Guerra, and A. Pattavina, “State of the art of optical switching technology for all-optical networks,” in Communications World. Rethymo, Greece: WSES Press, 2001.
[14]J. E. Fouquet et al., “A compact, scalable cross-connect switch using total internal reflection due to thermally-generated bubbles,” in IEEE LEOS Annu. Meeting, Orlando, FL, 1988, pp. 169–170.
[15]J.-C Chiao, “Liquid crystal optical switches,” in 2001 OSA Topical Meetings, Photonics in Switching, Monterey, CA, June 11–15, 2001.
[16]Fast electro-optic liquid crystal switch and attenuator with large extinction ratio at 1550nm, O. Hadeler, M. N. Pivnenko, M. J. Coles, Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom);J. P. Hannington, Dow Corning Corp.;T. V. Clapp, Dow Corning Corp. (United Kingdom);J. V. DeGroot, Jr., Dow Corning Corp.;H. J. Coles, Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom) [5741-29]
[17] M. Hoffman, P.Kopka, and E. Voges, "Thermooptical digital switch arrays in silica on silicon with defined zero voltage state", IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.16, no. 3, March 1998, pp. 395–400.
[18] SCHMIDT. c.. SCHIJRBRT c., WATANABE. s., FUTAMI. f, LUDWIG, R., and WEBER. H F.: '320 Gbit/s all-optical eyc diagram sampling using gaintransparent ultrafast-nonlinear interferometer'. Proc. 28th ECOC, Copenhagen, Denmark, 2002, Paper 2.1.3
[19] N.J.Doran and D.Wood, “Nonlinear optical loop mirror,”Opt.Lett.,vol.13,no.1, pp.56-58,1988.
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