全光信号波长变换的理论与实验研究
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摘要
二十一世纪是一个信息化的社会,需要传送大量的信息,因此高速、大容量的波分复用(WDM)系统便应运而生。
波分复用技术可利用不同的波长在同一根光纤中传输多路信号,可有效的利用光纤带宽,提供光网络的灵活性。
WDM系统的波长数目仍然大大少于实际的节点数目和用户数目。这就使得两个或多个波长信号之间造成波长竞争,解决上述问题的关键技术就是波长变换(WC),从而提高网络的灵活性和可扩展性,同时也有利于网络的运行、管理和控制。
半导体光放大器(SOA:semiconductor optical amplifier)具备良好的非线性性能,具有交叉增益调制(XGM)、交叉相位调制(XPM)、四波混频(FWM)非线性效应,十分适合用来实现波长变换,从而得到了广泛的应用。本课题重点从SOA的理论模型入手,对基于SOA-XGM的全光波长变换进行理论研究,并对其转换特性进行分析,取得了一定的结果:
(1)、在广泛查阅文献资料的基础上,对半导体光放大器的XGM(交叉增益调制)、XPM(交叉相位调制)、FWM(四波混频)等几种非线性效应及其应用进行了较为深入的研究。
(2)、提出了SOA的分段模型理论,并基于这一理论模型,从SOA的载流子速率方程和光波的传输方程出发,用数值方法模拟了基于SOA的全光波长变换消光比特性,并与计算结果进行比较。
(3)、在进行消光比特性分析的基础上,对于信噪比和误码率与消光比的关系进行了理论研究,得出的结果与所查阅资料相吻合。
(4)、搭建了实验光路,对SOA的增益特性、发光特性和XGM特性进行了实验研究,并对基于SOA-XGM效应的全光波长变换进行了实验研究;本实验方案具有结构简单,易于集成等优点。
Twenty-first century is an information society,and a lot of various information such as multimedia,video service etc are required transmitting. So high speed,high capacity network of Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM)is required.
By multiplexing signals at many distinct wavelengths onto the same fiber, Wavelength division multiplexing techniques offer a very effective utilization of the fiber bandwidth and increase the network flexibility.
The number wavelength of WDM system is much less than the number of net nodes and applicators and this can cause competition among the wavelength.Wavelength conversion is one of the key techniques to resolve this problem.It can enhance the flexibility and extension of the network,and provide better operation and management of the network.
Semiconductor optical amplifier has cross-gain modulation,cross-phase modulation,and four-wave mixing nonlinear effects.Its nonlinear characteristics suit for wavelength conversion.Based on the analysis of the theoretical model of SOA,A detailed theoretical analysis research on the nonlinear characteristics of SOA-XGM is given in this paper,and on its applications in all-optical wavelength conversion,certain results are achieved, specific details are as follows:
(1)Based on widely reference of literatures,a detailed theory research of several nonlinear effects and applications of semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)such as XGM,XPM(Cross-Phase Modulation),FWM(Four-Wave Mixing)is given.
(2)A SOA section model is demonstrated,based on this model,and by using the carrier rate equation and optical wave propagating equation,the nonlinear gain saturation characteristics of the SOA are simulated in numerical, and the results are analyzed which coincide with the experimental results.
(3)We theoretically studied on extinction rate of SOA,and the relation among signal noise rate,error code rate and extinction rate.The results are analyzed which coincide with the reference.
(4)We set up experiment and studied the gain characteristics,emitting characteristics and cross gain modulation characteristics of SOA.An operation plan is proposed for all optical wavelength conversion based on SOA-XGM, and this project has simple structure and easy integration.
波分复用技术可利用不同的波长在同一根光纤中传输多路信号,可有效的利用光纤带宽,提供光网络的灵活性。
WDM系统的波长数目仍然大大少于实际的节点数目和用户数目。这就使得两个或多个波长信号之间造成波长竞争,解决上述问题的关键技术就是波长变换(WC),从而提高网络的灵活性和可扩展性,同时也有利于网络的运行、管理和控制。
半导体光放大器(SOA:semiconductor optical amplifier)具备良好的非线性性能,具有交叉增益调制(XGM)、交叉相位调制(XPM)、四波混频(FWM)非线性效应,十分适合用来实现波长变换,从而得到了广泛的应用。本课题重点从SOA的理论模型入手,对基于SOA-XGM的全光波长变换进行理论研究,并对其转换特性进行分析,取得了一定的结果:
(1)、在广泛查阅文献资料的基础上,对半导体光放大器的XGM(交叉增益调制)、XPM(交叉相位调制)、FWM(四波混频)等几种非线性效应及其应用进行了较为深入的研究。
(2)、提出了SOA的分段模型理论,并基于这一理论模型,从SOA的载流子速率方程和光波的传输方程出发,用数值方法模拟了基于SOA的全光波长变换消光比特性,并与计算结果进行比较。
(3)、在进行消光比特性分析的基础上,对于信噪比和误码率与消光比的关系进行了理论研究,得出的结果与所查阅资料相吻合。
(4)、搭建了实验光路,对SOA的增益特性、发光特性和XGM特性进行了实验研究,并对基于SOA-XGM效应的全光波长变换进行了实验研究;本实验方案具有结构简单,易于集成等优点。
Twenty-first century is an information society,and a lot of various information such as multimedia,video service etc are required transmitting. So high speed,high capacity network of Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM)is required.
By multiplexing signals at many distinct wavelengths onto the same fiber, Wavelength division multiplexing techniques offer a very effective utilization of the fiber bandwidth and increase the network flexibility.
The number wavelength of WDM system is much less than the number of net nodes and applicators and this can cause competition among the wavelength.Wavelength conversion is one of the key techniques to resolve this problem.It can enhance the flexibility and extension of the network,and provide better operation and management of the network.
Semiconductor optical amplifier has cross-gain modulation,cross-phase modulation,and four-wave mixing nonlinear effects.Its nonlinear characteristics suit for wavelength conversion.Based on the analysis of the theoretical model of SOA,A detailed theoretical analysis research on the nonlinear characteristics of SOA-XGM is given in this paper,and on its applications in all-optical wavelength conversion,certain results are achieved, specific details are as follows:
(1)Based on widely reference of literatures,a detailed theory research of several nonlinear effects and applications of semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)such as XGM,XPM(Cross-Phase Modulation),FWM(Four-Wave Mixing)is given.
(2)A SOA section model is demonstrated,based on this model,and by using the carrier rate equation and optical wave propagating equation,the nonlinear gain saturation characteristics of the SOA are simulated in numerical, and the results are analyzed which coincide with the experimental results.
(3)We theoretically studied on extinction rate of SOA,and the relation among signal noise rate,error code rate and extinction rate.The results are analyzed which coincide with the reference.
(4)We set up experiment and studied the gain characteristics,emitting characteristics and cross gain modulation characteristics of SOA.An operation plan is proposed for all optical wavelength conversion based on SOA-XGM, and this project has simple structure and easy integration.
引文
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[56]T.Fjelde,D.Wolfson,A.Kloch.Demonstration of 20Gbit/s all-optical logic XOR in integrated SOA-based interferometer wavelength converter[J].Electronics Letters,2000,36(22):1863-1864
[57]Hanxing Shi.Performance analysis on semiconductor laser amplifier loop mirrors[J].Journal of Light wave Technology,2002,20(4):682-688
[58]C.Bintjas,M.Kalyvas,G.Theophilopoulos.20Gb/s all-optical XOR with UNI gate[J].IEEE Photonics Technology Letters,2000,12(7):834-836
[2]Kristian,E.Stubkjaer.Semiconductor Optical Amplifier-Based All-Optical Gates for High-Speed Optical Processing[J].IEEE Journal on selected topics in quantum electronics,2000,6(6):1428-1435
[3]张雷,李乐民.XGM波长变换器网络的路由波长分配算法研究[J].电子与信息学报,2002,24(2):145-150
[4]陈兴忠,姚敏玉,高以智.超快非线性干涉仪及其在高速全光信号处理中的应用[J].光电子·激光,1999,10(5):388-390
[5]肖学智,伍浩成.非线性光环镜及其在信息技术领域中的应用[J].光通信技术,2000,24(3):202-207
[6]程振杰,余重秀.利用半导体光放大器(SOA)实现全光波长变换(WC)[J].激光技术.2000,24(3):158-162
[7]Alistair Poustie,R.J.Marming and A.E.Kelly.All-optical binary counter[J].Optics Express,2000,6(3):69-74
[8]I.Glesk,R.J.Runser,P.R.Prucnal.New generation of devices for all optical communications[J].Acta Physica slovaca,2001,51(2):151-162
[9]M.Eiselt,W.Pieper,H.G Weber,SLALOM.semiconductor laser amplifier in a loopmirror.[J].Lightwave Technology,1995,13(10):2099-2111
[10]邱昆,李中桂,张宏斌.基于SOA-XPM的波长变换器研究[J].电子科技大学学报,2002,31(1):10-14
[11]DAO.Davies,AD.Ellis,G.Sherlock.Regenerative 20Gbit/s wavelength conversion and demultiplexing using a semiconductor laser amplifier nonlinear loop mirror[J].Electronics Letters,1995,31(12):1000-1001
[12]Mehdi Asghari,Ian H.White,Richard V.Wavelength conversion using semiconductor optical amplifiers[J].Lightwave Technol.,1997,15(7):1181-1190
[13]迟楠,齐江,郑远.超宽带可调喈SOA四波混频波长转换器的实验研究[J].光子学报,2000,29(7):654-658
[14]迟楠,徐林,陈树强.基于XGM的SOA波长变换器噪音特性分析及优化设计[J].光子学报,2000,29(4):317-321
[15]熊小君,王陆唐,黄肇明.基于SOA-Sagnac干涉仪的XPM全光波长变换的研究[J].光学与光电 技术,2003,1(4):60-64
[16]Junqiang Sun.Relaxation of facet reflection restrictions in XGM wavelength converters[J].Optics Communication,2002,206(1-3):67-75
[17]张宏斌,邱昆,周东.波分复用光纤通信技术[J].电子科技大学学报,2000,29(4):334-341
[18]陈兴忠,姚敏玉,高以智.超快非线性干涉仪及其在高速全光信号处理中的应用[J].光电子激光,1999,10(5):388-390
[19]C.Bintjas,M.Kalyvas,G.Theophilopoulos.20Gb/s all-optical XOR with UNI gate[J].IEEE Photonics Technology Letters,2000,12(7):834-836
[20]Obermann K,Kindt S,Breuer D.Performance Analysis of wavelength converters based on cross-gain modulation in semiconductor-optical amplifiers[J].IEEE J Lightwave Technol,1998,16(1):78-85
[21]Wang J,Olesen H,Studkjaer K E.Recombination,gain and bandwidth characteristics of 1.3μm semiconductor laster amplifiers[J].IEEE J Lightwave Technol,1987,5(1):184-189
[22]D.A.O.Davies,A.D.Ellis,G.Sherlock.Regenerative 20Gbit/s wavelength conversion and demultiplexing using a sernieonductor laser amplifier nonlinear loop mirror[J].Electronics Letters,1995,31(12):1000-1001
[23]刘贤炳,叶培大.非线性元件的偏移量对TOAD开关窗口的影响[J].光通信技术,1999,23(4):310-314
[24]M.J.O'Mahony.The application of optical packet switching in future communication networks[J].IEEE Comm.Magazine,2001,39,:128-135
[25]赵宇,王发强,许国良.基于SOA的XPM全光波长变换器转换信号消光比特性分析[J].光电子技术,2003,23(3):160-164
[26]G.P.Agrawal,N.A.Olsson.Amplification and compression of weak picosecond optical pulses by using semiconductor laser amplifiers[J].Opt.Lett.,1989,14(5):500-502
[27]N.A.Olsson and G.P.Agrawal.Spectral shift and distortion due to self-phase modulation ofpicosecond pulses in 1.5um optical amplifiers[J].Phys.Lett,1989,55(2):13-15
[28]Kristof Obermarm,Stephan Kindt,Dirk Breuer.Performance analysisof wavelength converters based on cross-gain modulation in semiconductor-opticalamplifiers[J].Journal of lightwave technology,1998,16(1):78-85
[29]C.Randy Giles,and Emmanuel Desurvire.Modeling erbium-doped fiber amplifiers[J].Joumalof lightwave technology,1991,9(2):271-283
[30]N.A.OLSSON.Lightwave Systems With Optical Amplifiers[J].Journal of lightwave technology,1989,7(7):1071-1082
[31]Alistair Poustie,R.J.Manning and A.E.Kelly.All-optical binary counter[J].Optics Express,2000, 6(3):69-74
[32]I.Glesk,R.J.Runser,P.R.Prucnal.New generation of devices for all optical communications[J].Acta Physical slovaca,2001,51(2):151-162
[33]杨祥林,光纤通信系统[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2000:299-303
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