水泥混凝土路面板合理平面尺寸研究
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摘要
水泥混凝土路面最常见的病害主要是断板、表面的不规则裂缝和裂缝处的损坏。在行车荷载和温度应力的反复作用下,水泥混凝土路面中裂缝或接缝处由于应力集中和水的进入等原因将进一步导致如唧泥、错台、坑洞等病害发生,致使路面结构破坏。开展水泥混凝土路面板合理平面尺寸的研究,并找出接缝长度和路面板厚度之间的相关性规律,对提高水泥混凝土路面结构抗裂性能,优化路面结构设计,改进现有路面设计方法都具有非常重要的意义。
本文首先通过对大量国内外相关文献和研究成果进行研究和总结,以普通水泥混凝土路面为研究对象,运用有限元法分析了不同平面尺寸、不同厚度尺寸的水泥路面板的温度翘曲应力和荷载应力。经分析,得出了四边自由的路面板荷载应力和温度翘曲应力的尺寸效应规律,以及传力杆或水平拉杆对非自由板的应力折减作用。其次分析计算了钢筋对水泥混凝土路面温度翘曲应力与荷载应力的影响,综合各影响因素后得出了寿命期内普通水泥混凝土路面和钢筋水泥混凝土路面的尺寸设计原则。最后,通过统计分析软件对计算结果分析研究,在现行设计规范的设计原则下,同时考虑路面板的荷载应力和温度应力的尺寸效应影响,推荐出不同情况下的普通水泥混凝土路面和钢筋水泥混凝土路面平面尺寸组合。
The main distresses of cement concrete pavement are transverse cracking, irregular surface cracking and joint failures. These distresses are of early failures. Due to repeated traffic loading and temperature stresses, as well as stress concentration factor and water injection, water bleeding and pumping, slab staggering and pot holes would occur on joints or cracks and result in structural distresses. Researching on proper plane dimension of cement concrete pavement slab and finding out correlation between plane size and thickness are very important to enhance the resistance cracking performance of cement concrete pavement structure, to select optimum structures and to improve the present design methods.
Firstly, based on literature review of a large number of relevant domestic and international research findings, this thesis focused on plain cement concrete pavement (PCCP ) and analyzed temperature warping stress and load stress on different size of concrete pavement slabs with finite element analysis method. After the analysises above, it found the size effect laws on both load stress and temperature warping stress, as well as laws of stress reduction effect of dowel bars and collars on plates with 4 free edges. Secondly, it analyzed effect of reinforcing steel bars on load stress and temperature stress to jointed reinforced concrete pavement (JRCP).It also gave size design principles of slabs to both PCCP and JRCP according to various relevant factors.Finally, after analysis of the computing results by some census software, according to principles of the present specifications and considering size effect of both load stress and temperature warping stress ,this article gave some recommended values to plane size design for slabs of both PCCP and JRCP under different situations.
本文首先通过对大量国内外相关文献和研究成果进行研究和总结,以普通水泥混凝土路面为研究对象,运用有限元法分析了不同平面尺寸、不同厚度尺寸的水泥路面板的温度翘曲应力和荷载应力。经分析,得出了四边自由的路面板荷载应力和温度翘曲应力的尺寸效应规律,以及传力杆或水平拉杆对非自由板的应力折减作用。其次分析计算了钢筋对水泥混凝土路面温度翘曲应力与荷载应力的影响,综合各影响因素后得出了寿命期内普通水泥混凝土路面和钢筋水泥混凝土路面的尺寸设计原则。最后,通过统计分析软件对计算结果分析研究,在现行设计规范的设计原则下,同时考虑路面板的荷载应力和温度应力的尺寸效应影响,推荐出不同情况下的普通水泥混凝土路面和钢筋水泥混凝土路面平面尺寸组合。
The main distresses of cement concrete pavement are transverse cracking, irregular surface cracking and joint failures. These distresses are of early failures. Due to repeated traffic loading and temperature stresses, as well as stress concentration factor and water injection, water bleeding and pumping, slab staggering and pot holes would occur on joints or cracks and result in structural distresses. Researching on proper plane dimension of cement concrete pavement slab and finding out correlation between plane size and thickness are very important to enhance the resistance cracking performance of cement concrete pavement structure, to select optimum structures and to improve the present design methods.
Firstly, based on literature review of a large number of relevant domestic and international research findings, this thesis focused on plain cement concrete pavement (PCCP ) and analyzed temperature warping stress and load stress on different size of concrete pavement slabs with finite element analysis method. After the analysises above, it found the size effect laws on both load stress and temperature warping stress, as well as laws of stress reduction effect of dowel bars and collars on plates with 4 free edges. Secondly, it analyzed effect of reinforcing steel bars on load stress and temperature stress to jointed reinforced concrete pavement (JRCP).It also gave size design principles of slabs to both PCCP and JRCP according to various relevant factors.Finally, after analysis of the computing results by some census software, according to principles of the present specifications and considering size effect of both load stress and temperature warping stress ,this article gave some recommended values to plane size design for slabs of both PCCP and JRCP under different situations.
引文
[1]PTA-D3,Design,Construction and Materials[S].Illinois:Illinois Department of Transp ortation Bureau of Materials and Physical Research,2005
[2]Nina McLawhom.Optimal Joint Spacing for Concrete Pavement[R].Wisconsin:Wi sconsin Department of Transportation,2003
[3]翁兴中,谭麦秋.机场水泥混凝土道面板尺寸的确定方法[J].空军工程大学学报(自然科学版),2003,A4(6):11-13
[4]孙道胜,黄小明.增大水泥混凝土道面板尺寸的研究[J].华东公路,2003,B6(145):3-6
[5]刘惠军.水泥混凝土路面病害分析及防治措施[J].产业与科技论坛,2006,A12(6):74-75
[6]胡长顺.超薄水泥混凝土路面荷载应力分析[J].交通运输工程与信息学报,2003,A1(1):107-112
[7]马骉,胡长顺.超薄水泥混凝土路面结构设计方法[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2004,A24(4):1-5
[8]梅安今.钢筋混凝土和普通水泥混凝土路面温缩应力、干缩应力和板长[J].公路交通科技,1998,A15(4):1-7
[9]马骉,胡长顺.超薄水泥混凝土路面结构设计方法[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2004,A24(4):1-5
[10]Susan Tighe,Rico Fung,Tim Smith.Concrete Pavements in Canada:State- of-the-a rt Practice[R].Florida:7~(th) International Conference on Concrete Pavements-Or21ando,U SA-S eptember9-13,2001
[11]JTG D40-2002,公路水泥混凝土路面设计规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2002
[12]何小高,卢先荣,徐海.应用ANSYS分析刚性路面的温度应力和荷载应力[J].公路与汽运,2004,A33(3):33-35
[13]胡长顺,王秉纲.复合式路面设计原理与施工技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1999
[14]姚祖康.水泥混凝土路面设计[M].合肥:安徽科学出版社,1999
[15]龚曙光.ANSYS过程应用实例解析[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[16]John Hallin.Guide for Design of Pavement Structures[R].Washington:U.S.Departme nt of Transportation,2004
[17]谈至明,姚祖康.非线性温度场下的水泥混凝土路面温度应力[J].中国公路学报,1993,V6(4):9-17
[18]潘鹏志,周志光,晏石林等.混凝土路面温度翘曲应力的有限元分析[J].武汉理工大学学报,2002,A24(11):39-56
[19]谈至明,周玉民,刘伯莹.水泥混凝土路面板温度翘曲应力[J].公路,2004,A12(11):63-67
[20]H M Westerguard.Analysis of Stresses in Concrete Pavements Caused by Variatio n of Theoretical[Z].Public Roads,1927.
[21]季文华,慕万奎.水泥混凝土路面温度应力分析[J].黑龙江交通科技,2004,C121(3):12-14
[22]喻小明,曾明华,闵涛.水泥砼路面板温度裂缝的力学分析与防治[J].公路与汽运,2002,B90(3):23-25
[23]邓学钧.路基路面工程[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2000
[24]俞建荣,陈荣生.用沥青混凝土罩面的碾压混凝土路面板块平面尺寸分析[J].土木工程学报,1997,A30(2):56-62
[25]胡伟.有限元法在分析混凝土路面传力杆传荷能力中的应用[J].西部探矿工程,2005,B108(5):141-143
[26]Cole L.W.Performance of ultra-thin whitetopping roadways[J].Cincinnati,Ohio:Pr oceedings of Fifth American Society of Civil Engineers Materials Engineering Congres s,May 10-12,1999,
[27]Churilla C.J.Ultra-thin whitetopping[J].Public Roads,62(2),1998
[28]朱彦鹏,吴培成,周勇等.普通水泥混凝土路面裂缝分析[J].建筑技术开发,2006,A33(9):62-64
[29]黄晓明.水泥路面设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2003
[30]Jagannath Mallela and K.P.George.Three2Dimensional Dynamic Reaponse Mod el for Rigid Pavements[J].In Transportation Research Record 1448,1995,TRB:92- 99.
[31]Chih-Ping Wu and Pao-Anne Shen.Dynamic Analysis of Concrete Pavement s S ubjected to Moving Loads[J].J.Tran.Engineering,1996,22(5):367-373.
[32]Jagannath Mallela and K.P.George.Three2Dimensional Dynamic Reaponse Mod el for Rigid Pavements[J].In Transportation Research Record 1448,1995,TRB:92-99.
[33]Donath M.,Mrawira and Joseph Luca.Thermal Properties and Transient Tempera ture Response of Full-Depth Asphalt Pavements[R].In Transportation Research Record:Journal of the Transportation Research Record,N~0 1809 - paper number 02-4100,Na tional Research Council.Washington,D.C.2002,TRB:160-169.
[34]杨斌.旧水泥混凝土路面沥青加铺层结构研究[D].西安:长安大学,2005
[35]黄晓明.路面设计方法[R].南京:东南大学交通学院,2006
[36]李艳,张林春,张文君等.ANSY在道路路面结构计算中的应用[J].城市道桥与防洪,2005,A12(3):100-102
[37]朱今凡,徐岩彬,马田等.溢流坝的温度应力分析计算[A].安世亚太用户年会论文集[C].三亚:2006
[38]杨斌,陈拴发,胡长顺,路面板断裂尺寸对沥青加铺层应力的影响[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2006,A26(1):12-15
[39]梅明荣,任青文.混凝土结构的干缩应力研究综述[J].水利水电科技进展,2002,A 22(3):59-62
[40]Bazant Z P.Mathematical models for creep and shrinkage of concrete[A].In:B azant Z P,Wittmann F H eds.Creep and shrinkage in concrete structure[C].New Yor k:John Wiley &Sons 1982:163-256.
[41]Benthia N,Yan C.Shrinkage cracking in polyolefin fiber-rein-forced concrete[J].A CI Materials Journal,2000,97(4):432-437.
[42]蔡正咏.混凝土性能[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1979.64-87.
[43]Neville A M.Properties of Concrete[M].London:Pitman Publishing Limited,1981:374-395.
[44]周履,陈永春.收缩·徐变[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994:32-60,72-83.
[45]Wittmann F H,Schwesinger P.高性能混凝土-材料特性与设计[M].冯乃谦译.北京:中国铁道出版社,1998:77-101.
[46]Bazant Z P,Xi Y.Drying creep of concrete:constitutive model and experiments separating its mechanisms[J].Materials and Structure,1994(27):3-14.
[47]Gardner N J,Zhao J W.Creep and shrinkage revisited[J].ACI Materials Journal,1993,90(3):236-246.
[2]Nina McLawhom.Optimal Joint Spacing for Concrete Pavement[R].Wisconsin:Wi sconsin Department of Transportation,2003
[3]翁兴中,谭麦秋.机场水泥混凝土道面板尺寸的确定方法[J].空军工程大学学报(自然科学版),2003,A4(6):11-13
[4]孙道胜,黄小明.增大水泥混凝土道面板尺寸的研究[J].华东公路,2003,B6(145):3-6
[5]刘惠军.水泥混凝土路面病害分析及防治措施[J].产业与科技论坛,2006,A12(6):74-75
[6]胡长顺.超薄水泥混凝土路面荷载应力分析[J].交通运输工程与信息学报,2003,A1(1):107-112
[7]马骉,胡长顺.超薄水泥混凝土路面结构设计方法[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2004,A24(4):1-5
[8]梅安今.钢筋混凝土和普通水泥混凝土路面温缩应力、干缩应力和板长[J].公路交通科技,1998,A15(4):1-7
[9]马骉,胡长顺.超薄水泥混凝土路面结构设计方法[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2004,A24(4):1-5
[10]Susan Tighe,Rico Fung,Tim Smith.Concrete Pavements in Canada:State- of-the-a rt Practice[R].Florida:7~(th) International Conference on Concrete Pavements-Or21ando,U SA-S eptember9-13,2001
[11]JTG D40-2002,公路水泥混凝土路面设计规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2002
[12]何小高,卢先荣,徐海.应用ANSYS分析刚性路面的温度应力和荷载应力[J].公路与汽运,2004,A33(3):33-35
[13]胡长顺,王秉纲.复合式路面设计原理与施工技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1999
[14]姚祖康.水泥混凝土路面设计[M].合肥:安徽科学出版社,1999
[15]龚曙光.ANSYS过程应用实例解析[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[16]John Hallin.Guide for Design of Pavement Structures[R].Washington:U.S.Departme nt of Transportation,2004
[17]谈至明,姚祖康.非线性温度场下的水泥混凝土路面温度应力[J].中国公路学报,1993,V6(4):9-17
[18]潘鹏志,周志光,晏石林等.混凝土路面温度翘曲应力的有限元分析[J].武汉理工大学学报,2002,A24(11):39-56
[19]谈至明,周玉民,刘伯莹.水泥混凝土路面板温度翘曲应力[J].公路,2004,A12(11):63-67
[20]H M Westerguard.Analysis of Stresses in Concrete Pavements Caused by Variatio n of Theoretical[Z].Public Roads,1927.
[21]季文华,慕万奎.水泥混凝土路面温度应力分析[J].黑龙江交通科技,2004,C121(3):12-14
[22]喻小明,曾明华,闵涛.水泥砼路面板温度裂缝的力学分析与防治[J].公路与汽运,2002,B90(3):23-25
[23]邓学钧.路基路面工程[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2000
[24]俞建荣,陈荣生.用沥青混凝土罩面的碾压混凝土路面板块平面尺寸分析[J].土木工程学报,1997,A30(2):56-62
[25]胡伟.有限元法在分析混凝土路面传力杆传荷能力中的应用[J].西部探矿工程,2005,B108(5):141-143
[26]Cole L.W.Performance of ultra-thin whitetopping roadways[J].Cincinnati,Ohio:Pr oceedings of Fifth American Society of Civil Engineers Materials Engineering Congres s,May 10-12,1999,
[27]Churilla C.J.Ultra-thin whitetopping[J].Public Roads,62(2),1998
[28]朱彦鹏,吴培成,周勇等.普通水泥混凝土路面裂缝分析[J].建筑技术开发,2006,A33(9):62-64
[29]黄晓明.水泥路面设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2003
[30]Jagannath Mallela and K.P.George.Three2Dimensional Dynamic Reaponse Mod el for Rigid Pavements[J].In Transportation Research Record 1448,1995,TRB:92- 99.
[31]Chih-Ping Wu and Pao-Anne Shen.Dynamic Analysis of Concrete Pavement s S ubjected to Moving Loads[J].J.Tran.Engineering,1996,22(5):367-373.
[32]Jagannath Mallela and K.P.George.Three2Dimensional Dynamic Reaponse Mod el for Rigid Pavements[J].In Transportation Research Record 1448,1995,TRB:92-99.
[33]Donath M.,Mrawira and Joseph Luca.Thermal Properties and Transient Tempera ture Response of Full-Depth Asphalt Pavements[R].In Transportation Research Record:Journal of the Transportation Research Record,N~0 1809 - paper number 02-4100,Na tional Research Council.Washington,D.C.2002,TRB:160-169.
[34]杨斌.旧水泥混凝土路面沥青加铺层结构研究[D].西安:长安大学,2005
[35]黄晓明.路面设计方法[R].南京:东南大学交通学院,2006
[36]李艳,张林春,张文君等.ANSY在道路路面结构计算中的应用[J].城市道桥与防洪,2005,A12(3):100-102
[37]朱今凡,徐岩彬,马田等.溢流坝的温度应力分析计算[A].安世亚太用户年会论文集[C].三亚:2006
[38]杨斌,陈拴发,胡长顺,路面板断裂尺寸对沥青加铺层应力的影响[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2006,A26(1):12-15
[39]梅明荣,任青文.混凝土结构的干缩应力研究综述[J].水利水电科技进展,2002,A 22(3):59-62
[40]Bazant Z P.Mathematical models for creep and shrinkage of concrete[A].In:B azant Z P,Wittmann F H eds.Creep and shrinkage in concrete structure[C].New Yor k:John Wiley &Sons 1982:163-256.
[41]Benthia N,Yan C.Shrinkage cracking in polyolefin fiber-rein-forced concrete[J].A CI Materials Journal,2000,97(4):432-437.
[42]蔡正咏.混凝土性能[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1979.64-87.
[43]Neville A M.Properties of Concrete[M].London:Pitman Publishing Limited,1981:374-395.
[44]周履,陈永春.收缩·徐变[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994:32-60,72-83.
[45]Wittmann F H,Schwesinger P.高性能混凝土-材料特性与设计[M].冯乃谦译.北京:中国铁道出版社,1998:77-101.
[46]Bazant Z P,Xi Y.Drying creep of concrete:constitutive model and experiments separating its mechanisms[J].Materials and Structure,1994(27):3-14.
[47]Gardner N J,Zhao J W.Creep and shrinkage revisited[J].ACI Materials Journal,1993,90(3):236-246.