宽光谱与时域宽调谐光纤激光器研究及应用
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摘要
光纤激光器以其效率高、结构紧凑、光束质量好等优点在科学研究和工业生产中得到广泛应用,这些应用包括：光纤频率梳、微加工、光纤传感等。光纤激光器时域与频域光谱特性是表征光纤激光器性能的重要属性,与光纤激光器的具体应用相关,因此,深入研究光纤激光器输出的时频特性无论从学术还是工业应用上都有重要意义。本论文的工作主要围绕频域宽光谱、时域宽调谐光纤激光器及应用展开研究,主要研究了光纤激光器中超平坦宽光谱和时域宽调谐方波脉冲的获取技术及其相关特性,应用波长程控宽调谐光纤激光器实现电网光纤光栅温度传感等。
具体研究内容如下：
1.实验研究了非线性偏振旋转(NPR)锁模的全光纤正常色散腔和反常色散腔中宽光谱的输出特性：在正常色散腔内获得了42nm宽度的矩形光谱输出：在反射色散腔内实现了光谱3dB带宽102nm宽光谱内噪声脉冲锁模激光器。
2.利用内噪声脉冲光纤激光器为泵浦源泵浦高非线性光纤产生超平坦超连续光谱,获得了1000—1750nnn的全光纤平坦超连续光谱输出,理论构建内噪声脉冲产生超连续光谱模型,模拟结果显示内噪声脉冲能很好平滑超连续光谱。
3.研制了基于NPR锁模的全光纤时域宽调谐方波脉冲光纤激光器,利用高非线性光纤获得了时域从10—1716ns范围内的调谐方波脉冲输出,调谐范围超过1700ns,调谐能力达到5.1ns/mW;构建了NPR光纤激光器理论模型,解释了方波脉冲的形成过程,模拟了非线性系数对方波脉冲调谐范围和峰值功率的影响。
4.设计实现了可编程控制的宽调谐掺铒光纤激光器,波长调谐范围超过51nm (1516.8-1568.3nm),调谐步长最小可达0.01nm,可通过编程控制波长调谐。将该激光器与光纤光栅组成的准分布式温度传感系统,应用于电网系统中,初步实现了对16路共48个点的实时温度监测。本论文的主要创新点：
1.提出并实现了时域宽调谐方波脉冲锁模光纤激光器。脉冲宽度调谐范围超过1700ns (10-1716ns),调谐能力达到5.1ns/mW。实验结果和理论模型显示非线性系数对方波脉冲的调谐范围起着重要的作用,高非线性系数能有效提高方波脉冲的时域调谐范围；
2.基于广义非线性薛定谔方程构建了内噪声脉冲产生超连续光谱理论模型,模拟结果显示内噪声脉冲能有效平滑超连续光谱；实验利用宽光谱内噪声锁模脉冲注入高非线性光纤,获得了1000—1750nm的全光纤平坦超连续光谱输出,其中短波光谱强度起伏在2dB以内的光谱宽度超过420nm。
3.将可编程控制的波长宽调谐掺铒光纤激光器,应用于光纤光栅温度传感系统中,初步实现了对16路共48个点的实时温度监测。
Fiber lasers have been applied in scientific research and industrial production such as optical frequency comb, micro-machining, optical sensors and so on. Time domain and frequency domain is the important properties of the fiber laser, related to the specific application of the fiber lasers. Therefore, the study of the characteristics is great significance in terms of the academic and industrial applications. In this thesis, the analysis and applications of broadband spectrum、ultra-wide tunable temporal square-wave pulse is the major works, including the flat broadband spectrum and square-wave pulse fiber laser with temporal ultra-wide tuning range, the widely tunable fiber laser application for fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system.
The major works of this thesis are as follows:
1. Normal dispersion and anomalous dispersion passively mode-locked broadband spectrum fiber laser is experimentally studied based on nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) technology. In normal dispersion the generated mode-locked optical spectrum is rectangular shaper with42nm; in anomalous dispersion the noise-like mode-locked pulse is generated with3dB width of102nm.
2. A flat supercontinuum is generated with noise-like pulse pumping in highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF). A flat and broad spectrum extending from1000nm to beyond1750nm is obtained. Theoretical analysis based on the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation is presented, which qualitatively agrees with the experimental result. The results show that noise-like pulses of a passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber have potential for generating broad and ultra-flat supercontinuum.
3. An ultra-wide tunable square-wave pulse fiber laser is proposed and demonstrated. The square-wave pulsewidth can be tuned in an ultra-wide range of more than1700ns (10-1716ns) by simply increasing the pump power. The pulsewidth tuning is5.1ns/mW. Experimental results and theoretical model show that the fiber nonlinearity plays an important role in the tuning range and peak power of the output pulsewidth.
4. A programmable wavelength widely tunable Er-doped fiber laser is demonstrated. The tunable range can cover above51nm (1516.8-1568.3nm) controlled by software and tunable step is up0.01nm. The laser and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) make up quasi-distributed temperature sensing system, which is applied in power system to achieve real-time temperature of16fibers channels, a total of48monitoring points.
The innovative work and results in this thesis are as follows:
1. An ultra-wide tunable square-wave pulse fiber laser is proposed and demonstrated. The square-wave pulsewidth can be tuned in an ultra-wide range of more than1700ns (10-1716ns) by simply increasing the pump power. The pulsewidth tuning is5.1ns/mW. Experimental results and theoretical model show that the fiber nonlinearity plays an important role in the tuning range of the output pulsewidth. The high nonlinearity helps to increase the tuning range of the pulsewidth.
2. Theoretical analysis based on the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation (GNLSE) is presented, which shows noise-like pulses of a passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber have potential for generating broad and ultra-flat supercontinuum. Experimentally, a flat supercontinuum extending from1000nm to beyond1750nm is generated with noise-like pulse pumping in highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF). Especially, in the blue side of the generated spectrum, the intensity fluctuation is within2dB in420nm (from1020nm to1440nm).
3. A programmable wavelength widely tunable Er-doped fiber laser is demonstrated, which is applied to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system to achieve real-time temperature of16fibers channels, a total of48monitoring points.
具体研究内容如下：
1.实验研究了非线性偏振旋转(NPR)锁模的全光纤正常色散腔和反常色散腔中宽光谱的输出特性：在正常色散腔内获得了42nm宽度的矩形光谱输出：在反射色散腔内实现了光谱3dB带宽102nm宽光谱内噪声脉冲锁模激光器。
2.利用内噪声脉冲光纤激光器为泵浦源泵浦高非线性光纤产生超平坦超连续光谱,获得了1000—1750nnn的全光纤平坦超连续光谱输出,理论构建内噪声脉冲产生超连续光谱模型,模拟结果显示内噪声脉冲能很好平滑超连续光谱。
3.研制了基于NPR锁模的全光纤时域宽调谐方波脉冲光纤激光器,利用高非线性光纤获得了时域从10—1716ns范围内的调谐方波脉冲输出,调谐范围超过1700ns,调谐能力达到5.1ns/mW;构建了NPR光纤激光器理论模型,解释了方波脉冲的形成过程,模拟了非线性系数对方波脉冲调谐范围和峰值功率的影响。
4.设计实现了可编程控制的宽调谐掺铒光纤激光器,波长调谐范围超过51nm (1516.8-1568.3nm),调谐步长最小可达0.01nm,可通过编程控制波长调谐。将该激光器与光纤光栅组成的准分布式温度传感系统,应用于电网系统中,初步实现了对16路共48个点的实时温度监测。本论文的主要创新点：
1.提出并实现了时域宽调谐方波脉冲锁模光纤激光器。脉冲宽度调谐范围超过1700ns (10-1716ns),调谐能力达到5.1ns/mW。实验结果和理论模型显示非线性系数对方波脉冲的调谐范围起着重要的作用,高非线性系数能有效提高方波脉冲的时域调谐范围；
2.基于广义非线性薛定谔方程构建了内噪声脉冲产生超连续光谱理论模型,模拟结果显示内噪声脉冲能有效平滑超连续光谱；实验利用宽光谱内噪声锁模脉冲注入高非线性光纤,获得了1000—1750nm的全光纤平坦超连续光谱输出,其中短波光谱强度起伏在2dB以内的光谱宽度超过420nm。
3.将可编程控制的波长宽调谐掺铒光纤激光器,应用于光纤光栅温度传感系统中,初步实现了对16路共48个点的实时温度监测。
Fiber lasers have been applied in scientific research and industrial production such as optical frequency comb, micro-machining, optical sensors and so on. Time domain and frequency domain is the important properties of the fiber laser, related to the specific application of the fiber lasers. Therefore, the study of the characteristics is great significance in terms of the academic and industrial applications. In this thesis, the analysis and applications of broadband spectrum、ultra-wide tunable temporal square-wave pulse is the major works, including the flat broadband spectrum and square-wave pulse fiber laser with temporal ultra-wide tuning range, the widely tunable fiber laser application for fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system.
The major works of this thesis are as follows:
1. Normal dispersion and anomalous dispersion passively mode-locked broadband spectrum fiber laser is experimentally studied based on nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) technology. In normal dispersion the generated mode-locked optical spectrum is rectangular shaper with42nm; in anomalous dispersion the noise-like mode-locked pulse is generated with3dB width of102nm.
2. A flat supercontinuum is generated with noise-like pulse pumping in highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF). A flat and broad spectrum extending from1000nm to beyond1750nm is obtained. Theoretical analysis based on the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation is presented, which qualitatively agrees with the experimental result. The results show that noise-like pulses of a passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber have potential for generating broad and ultra-flat supercontinuum.
3. An ultra-wide tunable square-wave pulse fiber laser is proposed and demonstrated. The square-wave pulsewidth can be tuned in an ultra-wide range of more than1700ns (10-1716ns) by simply increasing the pump power. The pulsewidth tuning is5.1ns/mW. Experimental results and theoretical model show that the fiber nonlinearity plays an important role in the tuning range and peak power of the output pulsewidth.
4. A programmable wavelength widely tunable Er-doped fiber laser is demonstrated. The tunable range can cover above51nm (1516.8-1568.3nm) controlled by software and tunable step is up0.01nm. The laser and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) make up quasi-distributed temperature sensing system, which is applied in power system to achieve real-time temperature of16fibers channels, a total of48monitoring points.
The innovative work and results in this thesis are as follows:
1. An ultra-wide tunable square-wave pulse fiber laser is proposed and demonstrated. The square-wave pulsewidth can be tuned in an ultra-wide range of more than1700ns (10-1716ns) by simply increasing the pump power. The pulsewidth tuning is5.1ns/mW. Experimental results and theoretical model show that the fiber nonlinearity plays an important role in the tuning range of the output pulsewidth. The high nonlinearity helps to increase the tuning range of the pulsewidth.
2. Theoretical analysis based on the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation (GNLSE) is presented, which shows noise-like pulses of a passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber have potential for generating broad and ultra-flat supercontinuum. Experimentally, a flat supercontinuum extending from1000nm to beyond1750nm is generated with noise-like pulse pumping in highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF). Especially, in the blue side of the generated spectrum, the intensity fluctuation is within2dB in420nm (from1020nm to1440nm).
3. A programmable wavelength widely tunable Er-doped fiber laser is demonstrated, which is applied to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system to achieve real-time temperature of16fibers channels, a total of48monitoring points.
引文
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