TDRSS多模式传及测距接收机研究
摘要
为了同时满足对多个航天器目标的高覆盖率数传、定轨需求,跟踪与数据中继卫星系统(TDRSS)已得到飞速发展。本文分析了TDRSS对中速速率以下的数传性能指标要求,并且分析了能够同时达到数传和定轨两个目的的长码直接序列扩频模式在TDRSS中应用时需要满足的各项具体指标。本文选择了CPCI总线结构的工控机作为接收机的工作平台,提出了一种采用大容量FPGA、DSP器件,遵循软件无线电设计思想的TDRSS多模式数传及用户星测距接收机设计方案。
在设计并实现上述的TDRSS多模式数传接收机时,本文首先讨论了一种通用化数字信号处理硬件电路实现方案,并根据接收机的使用要求对硬件资源进行了预估和分配;根据需要,设计并实现了一种采用数字costas环、非相干延时锁定码跟踪环、数字重采样等算法的TDRSS接收机,并使用FPGA专用Core实现了多通道Viterbi、RS、Viterbi+RS级联信道译码。此接收机能够同时处理双通道,BPSK、SQPSK、QPSK、UQPSK等多种调制模式,多译码方式,宽信息速率范围,宽信号电平动态范围的下行信号。
最后,本文采用整机联试的方式,利用TDRSS数传分系统对此接收机各项功能和指标进行测试。测试了接收机的多通道处理能力;测试了不同信息速率、不同调制方式、不同编码模式下的数传误码率;测试了接收机的测距随机误差与系统误差;并测试了接收机的测频误差。
在确保接收机各项指标均达到技术性能要求后,配合大系统成功完成了航天实战任务,完成了对用户航天器图像数据传输、距离速度测定的工作,达到了天基测控系统建设的目的。
For the purpose of providing communications relay support to a broad range of spaceflight missions, TDRSS has developed rapidly. The dissertation analyzed the performance demand of data transmit which rate is less than 100Mbps. And discussed the application of Spread Spectrum(SS)communication in the TDRSS. This dissertation select the CPCI industry computer as the work platform, and then advanced a design of the receiver, which based on the Software Defined Radios theory and use the Large Scale Integration.
While designing and realizing the TDRSS Multi-Mode Data Transmit Receiver, the paper discussed a design about universal digital signal process hardware. In this design, the methods of digital signal process such as the digital costas loop, PN code loop, and digital resample are used. The viterbi, RS decoder are formed by the FPGA core. So the receiver can process dual-channels at the same time. The models of modulate such as BPSK、SQPSK、QPSK、UQPSK can be adaptive by the receiver.
In the end, this dissertation tested every module of the reciever in the system. The characteristics of data transmit bit error rate, range measure precision, frequency measure precision were measured. Then the receiver achieved the spaceflight mission as a partment of the TDRSS.
在设计并实现上述的TDRSS多模式数传接收机时,本文首先讨论了一种通用化数字信号处理硬件电路实现方案,并根据接收机的使用要求对硬件资源进行了预估和分配;根据需要,设计并实现了一种采用数字costas环、非相干延时锁定码跟踪环、数字重采样等算法的TDRSS接收机,并使用FPGA专用Core实现了多通道Viterbi、RS、Viterbi+RS级联信道译码。此接收机能够同时处理双通道,BPSK、SQPSK、QPSK、UQPSK等多种调制模式,多译码方式,宽信息速率范围,宽信号电平动态范围的下行信号。
最后,本文采用整机联试的方式,利用TDRSS数传分系统对此接收机各项功能和指标进行测试。测试了接收机的多通道处理能力;测试了不同信息速率、不同调制方式、不同编码模式下的数传误码率;测试了接收机的测距随机误差与系统误差;并测试了接收机的测频误差。
在确保接收机各项指标均达到技术性能要求后,配合大系统成功完成了航天实战任务,完成了对用户航天器图像数据传输、距离速度测定的工作,达到了天基测控系统建设的目的。
For the purpose of providing communications relay support to a broad range of spaceflight missions, TDRSS has developed rapidly. The dissertation analyzed the performance demand of data transmit which rate is less than 100Mbps. And discussed the application of Spread Spectrum(SS)communication in the TDRSS. This dissertation select the CPCI industry computer as the work platform, and then advanced a design of the receiver, which based on the Software Defined Radios theory and use the Large Scale Integration.
While designing and realizing the TDRSS Multi-Mode Data Transmit Receiver, the paper discussed a design about universal digital signal process hardware. In this design, the methods of digital signal process such as the digital costas loop, PN code loop, and digital resample are used. The viterbi, RS decoder are formed by the FPGA core. So the receiver can process dual-channels at the same time. The models of modulate such as BPSK、SQPSK、QPSK、UQPSK can be adaptive by the receiver.
In the end, this dissertation tested every module of the reciever in the system. The characteristics of data transmit bit error rate, range measure precision, frequency measure precision were measured. Then the receiver achieved the spaceflight mission as a partment of the TDRSS.
引文
[1]方炎申.中继卫星系统的现状与发展.国防科技,2005
[2]王家胜.数据中继卫星系统的研制与分析.航天器工程.2008
[3]中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所.统一测控讲义. 1998
[4]蒲秀娟,王曦,曾孝平. TDRSS中频信号的捕获与跟踪. 2004
[5]张秀玲,秋宏兴.中继卫星系统TDRSS定轨精度分析. 2002
[6]田永军,走近跟踪和数据中继卫星系统2008
[7]巨向斌,王存良.数据中继卫星通信与星间信息传输技术.卫星通信广播应用技术研讨会论文, 1998
[8] Wu Tingyong & Wu ShiqiComparison between several satellite constellationschemes for MEO-TDRSS of China,2008
[9]贺超,吕志勇,美国军事战略技术中继卫星MILSTAR(上、下)2008
[10] JANE'S MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS. Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS). 2006-2007
[11] Bacon, Margery. Proceedings of the 1997 34th Space Congress. NASA Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) support to launch vehicles. 1997
[12] JANE'S MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS. Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS). 2006-2007
[13]于煊玮,刘增田.我国数据中继卫星系统结构方案的设想.空间电子学年会, 1996
[14] Mckenzie, J. ; Vanek, C. Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) Oct 9
[15]颜彪.跟踪与数据中继卫星系统(TDRSS)中的码同步技术.首届全国数字通信学术会议论文集, 1993
[16]于志坚,冯贵年.跟踪与数据中继卫星系统的现状和发展.第九届全国遥感遥测遥控学术研讨会, 2004
[17]电讯技术增刊.跟踪与数据中继卫星系统的研究(上) (下). 1999-11
[18]跟踪与数据中继卫星系统用户终端技术研究. 2004-09
[19] Scott, James N. TRACKING AND DATA RELAY SATELLITE SYSTEM (TDRSS) SYSTEM OVERVIEW AND REIMBURSABLE USE. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Cent, Greenbelt, MD, USA1984 Oct 22-25
[20] Kozaitis-S. Signal Characterization for TDRSS Support of Range Safety. Oct 2001. 9p.
[21] Tavares Phd Thesis 1999.Pll Frequency Synthesizers, Phase Noise And Wide Band.1999
[22]汪一飞.国外数据中继卫星的现装及发展趋势.空间电子学年会, 1996
[23]陈祝明.软件无线电技术基础.高等教育出版社, 2007
[24]施为华. TDRSS系统返向链路PN码的捕获研究.航天测控技术研讨会论文集,
[25] HARRELL, LINDA;KAPLAN, TED;BERMAN, TED;CHANG, SUSA. In NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center, Networks Technology Conference p 349-354 (SEE N94-21323 05-62). Advanced coding and modulation schemes for TDRSS
[26] John Wiley & Sons - Phaselock Techniques 1979.4
[27] Carrier Recovery Using a Second Order Costas Loop.Xuan Chi2002.4
[28] S.Hinedi.Communication Systems Research Section A Functional Description of the Advanced Receiver
[29] Kwon, Hyuck M. Wichita State Univ, Wichita, KS, USA. Third-generation TDRSS- compatible direct-sequence spread-spectrum digital receiver1997
[30] Davisson, Lee D.; Flikkema, Paul G. Fast single-element PN acquisition for the TDRSS MA system. Techno-Science Inc, Greenbelt, MD, USA1988
[31] Costello, Jr., D. J. Symbol Synchronization for the TDRSS Decoder.3 Sep 83
[32] LUECKE, JAMES;TRUONG, HIEP (Interstate Electronics. Design and performance of the integrated receiver for NASA's Second TDRSS Ground Terminal. 1991
[33] 2002Vanek, Charles (NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, TDRSS, space-based communications for the present and for the future. 1993
[2]王家胜.数据中继卫星系统的研制与分析.航天器工程.2008
[3]中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所.统一测控讲义. 1998
[4]蒲秀娟,王曦,曾孝平. TDRSS中频信号的捕获与跟踪. 2004
[5]张秀玲,秋宏兴.中继卫星系统TDRSS定轨精度分析. 2002
[6]田永军,走近跟踪和数据中继卫星系统2008
[7]巨向斌,王存良.数据中继卫星通信与星间信息传输技术.卫星通信广播应用技术研讨会论文, 1998
[8] Wu Tingyong & Wu ShiqiComparison between several satellite constellationschemes for MEO-TDRSS of China,2008
[9]贺超,吕志勇,美国军事战略技术中继卫星MILSTAR(上、下)2008
[10] JANE'S MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS. Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS). 2006-2007
[11] Bacon, Margery. Proceedings of the 1997 34th Space Congress. NASA Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) support to launch vehicles. 1997
[12] JANE'S MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS. Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS). 2006-2007
[13]于煊玮,刘增田.我国数据中继卫星系统结构方案的设想.空间电子学年会, 1996
[14] Mckenzie, J. ; Vanek, C. Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) Oct 9
[15]颜彪.跟踪与数据中继卫星系统(TDRSS)中的码同步技术.首届全国数字通信学术会议论文集, 1993
[16]于志坚,冯贵年.跟踪与数据中继卫星系统的现状和发展.第九届全国遥感遥测遥控学术研讨会, 2004
[17]电讯技术增刊.跟踪与数据中继卫星系统的研究(上) (下). 1999-11
[18]跟踪与数据中继卫星系统用户终端技术研究. 2004-09
[19] Scott, James N. TRACKING AND DATA RELAY SATELLITE SYSTEM (TDRSS) SYSTEM OVERVIEW AND REIMBURSABLE USE. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Cent, Greenbelt, MD, USA1984 Oct 22-25
[20] Kozaitis-S. Signal Characterization for TDRSS Support of Range Safety. Oct 2001. 9p.
[21] Tavares Phd Thesis 1999.Pll Frequency Synthesizers, Phase Noise And Wide Band.1999
[22]汪一飞.国外数据中继卫星的现装及发展趋势.空间电子学年会, 1996
[23]陈祝明.软件无线电技术基础.高等教育出版社, 2007
[24]施为华. TDRSS系统返向链路PN码的捕获研究.航天测控技术研讨会论文集,
[25] HARRELL, LINDA;KAPLAN, TED;BERMAN, TED;CHANG, SUSA. In NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center, Networks Technology Conference p 349-354 (SEE N94-21323 05-62). Advanced coding and modulation schemes for TDRSS
[26] John Wiley & Sons - Phaselock Techniques 1979.4
[27] Carrier Recovery Using a Second Order Costas Loop.Xuan Chi2002.4
[28] S.Hinedi.Communication Systems Research Section A Functional Description of the Advanced Receiver
[29] Kwon, Hyuck M. Wichita State Univ, Wichita, KS, USA. Third-generation TDRSS- compatible direct-sequence spread-spectrum digital receiver1997
[30] Davisson, Lee D.; Flikkema, Paul G. Fast single-element PN acquisition for the TDRSS MA system. Techno-Science Inc, Greenbelt, MD, USA1988
[31] Costello, Jr., D. J. Symbol Synchronization for the TDRSS Decoder.3 Sep 83
[32] LUECKE, JAMES;TRUONG, HIEP (Interstate Electronics. Design and performance of the integrated receiver for NASA's Second TDRSS Ground Terminal. 1991
[33] 2002Vanek, Charles (NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, TDRSS, space-based communications for the present and for the future. 1993