计算机三维重建技术在狭颅症诊断及手术中的应用
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摘要
目的：比较传统方式与应用计算机辅助设计(CAD)在诊断狭颅症中的准确性,以及应用计算机辅助设计三维重建进行术前模拟、手术设计后,两种手术治疗对小头畸形颅腔扩容程度及头颅塑形方面的优略。方法：回顾性分析兰州军区乌鲁木齐总医院神经外科自2003年1月至2011年1月期间所诊断、治疗狭颅症病例12例,其中依靠传统方式诊断及治疗的7例,应用计算机辅助设计虚拟操作平台进行诊断、术前模拟的5例。通过术前模拟患儿手术前后测量出患者颅内容积、颅内前后径、颅外前后径(眉间—枕粗隆)、两耳经顶径的变化的比较,进而得出此种手术方式在扩容、塑形方面的优略。结论：应用计算机辅助设计虚拟操作平台患者,诊断更加直观、准确,且术后均实现术前手术意图,最大限度的扩大了患者颅腔容积,同时颅骨重建外形完美。结果：在计算机辅助设计应用条件下,狭颅症的诊断更加明确、直观,术前模拟后手术时间明显缩短,术后患儿头颅塑形更加完美、颅腔扩容程度最大化。
Objectives:To compare the application of computer aided design and traditional methods in the accuracy of craniosynostosis diagnosis, and the advantages of CAD application in design, simulation of 3D reconstruction and cranial cavity expansion. Methods:Twelve patients diagnosed craniosynostosis in Urumqi general hospital of Lanzhou military region from Jan,2003 to Jan,2011 were selected in our study. Seven patients received traditional diagnosis and treatment, CAD technique was applied in the diagnosis and operation simulation in the remaining five patients. In order to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the two techniques, the changes of intracranial cubage, intracranial around diameter, extracranial around diameter and two ears by top diameter were carefully compared in our study. Results:With the help of the computer aided design, the diagnosis of craniosynostosis is more definitive, the operation period is significantly shortened and the cranial cavity expansion is maximized utmost. Conclusions:The application of computer aided design in the diagnosis and treatment of craniosynostosis showed advantages compared with traditional methods.
Objectives:To compare the application of computer aided design and traditional methods in the accuracy of craniosynostosis diagnosis, and the advantages of CAD application in design, simulation of 3D reconstruction and cranial cavity expansion. Methods:Twelve patients diagnosed craniosynostosis in Urumqi general hospital of Lanzhou military region from Jan,2003 to Jan,2011 were selected in our study. Seven patients received traditional diagnosis and treatment, CAD technique was applied in the diagnosis and operation simulation in the remaining five patients. In order to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the two techniques, the changes of intracranial cubage, intracranial around diameter, extracranial around diameter and two ears by top diameter were carefully compared in our study. Results:With the help of the computer aided design, the diagnosis of craniosynostosis is more definitive, the operation period is significantly shortened and the cranial cavity expansion is maximized utmost. Conclusions:The application of computer aided design in the diagnosis and treatment of craniosynostosis showed advantages compared with traditional methods.
引文
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[15]杨锡强,易著文.儿科学[M].6版.北京：人民卫生出版社,2004：10.
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[19]J. Esparza; J. Hinojosa; I. Garcia-Recuero; A. Romance; B. Pascual y A. Martinez de Aragon. Surgical treatment of isolated and syndromic craniosynostosis. Results and complications in 283 consecutive cases. Neurocirugia,2008 19:509-529.
[20]Kaiser G.Sagittal synostosis—its clinical significance and the results of three different methods of craniectomy. Childs Nerv Syst.1998,4:223-230.
[21]Bingyu Wang, PhD, Zhihua Cheng, MD,Xiongzheng Mu, PhD, M,T Baohua Fan, MD,and Zhilin Guo, PhD, MD. Preoperative and Postoperative Transcranial Doppler Sonographic Evaluations of the Cerebral Hemodynamics of Craniostenosis. J Craniofac Surg 2010; 2:432-435.
[22]梁娟,王艳萍,缪蕾,等.中国围生儿小头畸形的调查研究[J].现代中西医结合杂志,2002,11(6)：568-569.2.
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[25]Agrawal D, Steinbok P, Cochrane D. Diagnosis of isolated sagittal synostosis:are radiographic studies necessary? Childs Nerv Syst.2006;22:375-378.
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