延边地区初中化学新课程实施的实效性研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
课程实施是把课程变革付诸实践的过程,是课程改革的第二环节,也是关键环节。目前,我国基础教育课程改革正处于实施阶段,改革能否取得成功,关键在于实践者对新课程的理解与操作。如何理解课程实施,如何正确地认识与课程实施有关的各种因素,使课程实施过程更加合理有效,是当前课程改革面临的重要课题。对此,我国学者进行了大量的实证研究,这些研究对我国新课程改革的课程实施进行了有效评估,丰富了课程实施理论,推动了课程实施的良性发展。为深入把握延边地区课程改革的进程,本文对国家西部重点建设地区延边朝鲜族自治州的初中化学新课程的实施情况进行了研究。
     本研究主要采用问卷调查法,以延边地区104名初中化学教师和2700名初三学生为主要调查对象,进行走访调查,在调查的过程中对学校领导、教师、学生进行个别访谈,对部分学校的实际化学教学进行观摩。
     本文从实施的态度、化学教学、化学教材的使用、化学课程评价、化学课程资源的利用与开发等五个维度对延边地区的初中进行了调查,对化学新课程实施的效果从以下两方面进行总结。
     延边地区初中化学新课程改革取得了一些成绩:化学新课程理念得到贯彻;《标准》成为化学教师教学的主要参考;新的化学教学方式得到推行;学生的学习方式得到转变;新教材的科学性和适用性得到肯定;化学课程评价观念发生转变;教师专业化得到发展等。
     同时,延边地区初中化学新课程的实施过程中还存在以下问题:教师践行新课程的积极性不高;《标准》的使用存在严重的形式主义;化学教学质量有待提高;新化学教材的使用存在误区;与化学新课程实施相配套的评价机制尚未完善;教师培训收效甚少等。
     基于对新课程理念的认识,本文从课程实施的文化背景、课程实施的主体、课程本身、地方课程管理、课程实施的环境、课程实施的理论基础等六个影响课程实施的因素对延边地区存在的问题进行成因分析。为促进延边地区新课程的发展,本文提出以下建议:树立科学实施新课程的观念;健全新课程实施的制度;构建科学的课程评价体系;开发有效的课程资源;深化新课程实施的研究。
Curriculum implementation is the process that people put curriculum reform into practice. Curriculum implementation is the second part of the curriculum reform and the key point of it. At present, China's basic education reformation is at the implementation stage. The key of the success to the reform is practicing the right understanding and operation of the new curriculum. The main problem facing the curriculum reform is how to understand the curriculum implementation and how to correctly understand various factors of the curriculum implementation and how to make the process of the curriculum implementation more rational and effective. In this regard, a large number of empirical research have been taken by the Chinese scholars.The scholars conducted the empirical research in some areas by the actual survey and put forward their own views including the fact. These studies are the effective assessment of the curriculum implementation.they amended the established curriculum implementation plan, enriched the theory of curriculum implementation, promoting the development of the curriculum implementation. In order to deeply grasping the process of Yanbian area'.s curriculum reform and promoting the effective implementation of the new curriculum in Yanbian area, this article had carried on an investigation into the chemistry curriculum implementation in the junior middle schools which are in the Yanbian Korean Nationality Autonomous Prefecture.
     The respondents of the questionnaire survey is 104 chemistry teachers and 2700 students the junior class in Yanbian area. During the survey the author had a interview with the leaders, the teachers and the students in the schools which the writer had been to. At the same time, the writer had watching some chemistry classes in the schools, this study had carried out the research in the 5 files:the attitude of the implementation, the chemistry teaching, the course evaluation, the new chemistry book using, the course resourse developing
     The study have found that the chemistry education of junior school in Yanbian area have made some achievements during the five years:Chemistry new curriculum rationale to be implemented;The curriculum standards of chemistry is to be an ordered for the chemistry teachers; Chemistry teaching is reformed;The way of the shudents learning is change;The science and applicability of the new chemical teaching materials is to be reaffirmed; The conception of the curriculum evaluation is changed; Teachers receive professional has been develop and so on.
     Moreover, there are some problems:The teacher participated in the course of the new initiative is not high;The chemistry curriculum standards using is formalism; The quality of the state's junior high school chemistry teaching needs to be improved; There are some mistaken recongnitions in the use of new chemical materials; the course evaluation which matched the new chemistry curriculum has not yet perfect; The teacher training has little effective.
     Based on the concept of the new curriculum knowledge on these issues from the curriculum implementation, such as:the cultural background, the main body of curriculum implementation, curriculum itself, the local policies, curriculum implementation environment, have the follow rusults:In the area of yanbian, the traditional values has bad influence on the chemistry curriculum implementation; As the one of the key factors, the chemistry teachers'ability is not matche the curriculum implementation; The management control system of yanbian area is not perfect;The education reseach of the curriculum implementation is not enough. On the basis of surveys and nearly a year's.action research, the paper reached the following countermeasure:Set up the scientific concept of the new curriculum impleme;Perfect the government policy of the new curriculum reform;Build a scientific system of course evaluation;Develop the useful resource of the chemistry curriculum;Reinforce the reache of the new curriculum reform.
引文
①马云鹏.课程改革实验区追踪评估的最新报告[J].教育发展研究,2005,(9):5-11
    ②黄雪芳.农村小学课改的现状及反思[JJ.小学青年教师,2004,(4):26-27
    ③胡卫平等人.小学新课程实施现状的调查报告[J].课程.教材.教法,2005,(2):4-11
    ④黄立俊.农村中小学实施课程改革的障碍与对策[J].中小学教学研究,2005,(4):1
    ⑤陈义.农村实施新课程存在的问题与对策的个案研究[M].上海:华东师范大学硕士学位论文.2006:39-48
    ⑥尹弘飚,李子健.论学生参与课程实施及其研究[J].课程.教材.教法,2005,(1):4-10
    ①王秀红,范雪媛.农村初中化学新课程实施的影响因素分析[J].化学教育,2006,(2):25-28
    ②饶志明,傅映锦.立足新课程再普新篇章(厦门市初中化学新课程实施情况的调查与思考)[J].化学教育,2006,(4):46-49
    ③卢香宇,方芳.六盘水市初中化学新课程实施调查报告[J].六盘水师范高等专科学校学报,2006,(12):15-16
    ④彭震.成都市锦江区初中化学新课程实施现状的调查与研究[M].四川:四川师范大学教育硕士学位论文,2007:58-60
    ①钟平.浅谈建构主义和建构主义教学[J].企业家天地,2007(7):82
    ② P.W.Jackson.Handbook of Research on Curriculum,NewYork:Macmillan Publishing Company.1992:403
    ①钟启泉主编.课程与教学概论[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2003:144
    ② Marsh, C.J.(1977).Planning,Management and Ideology:KeyConcepts for Understanding Curriculum2.London&B.Rristol:TheFalmer Press.pp158
    ①教育部.全日制义务教育化学课程标准(实验稿).北京:北京师范大学出版社,2001
    ①韩明安主编.新编汉语词典.延吉:延边人民出版社.1996::979
    ①朱幕菊主编.走进新课程——与课程实施者对话[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社.2002:49
    ②王克勤主编.化学教学论[M].北京:科学出版社.2006:31
    ①廖哲勋,田慧生.《课程新论》[M].北京:教育科学出版社.2003:144
    ②刘知新.化学教学论[M].北京:高等教育出版社.2005:27
    ③郑长龙.化学课程与教学论[M].长春:东北师范大学出版社.2005:72
    ④廖哲勋,田慧生.课程新论[M].北京:教育科学出版社.2003:285
    ④廖哲勋,田慧生.《课程新论》[M].北京:教育科学出版社.2003:402
    ①数据来源:延边州教育局2009年
    ①教育部.《基础教育课程改革纲要(试行) 》[S].教基[2001]17号
    ①数据来源:延边州教育局2009年
    ① 李子健,黄显华著.《课程:范式、取向和设计》,香港:香港中文大学出版社,1996:326-327
    ①数据来源于延边州教育统计资料(2004-2005学年初、2005-2006学年初、2006-2007学年初)
    ②数据来源延边州教育局2009年统计资料
    ① Hord,S.M&Hall,G.E.Three Images:What Principles Do in Curriculum Implementation. Curriculum Inquiry.1987,17(1):70
    ①CERI/OECD,School.based Curriculum Development,1979:35
    ①董小平.课程改革:从外围向中心转移[J].教育发展研究,2007,(4B):10-13
    ①钟启泉.《基础教育课程改革纲要(试行)》解读[M]上海:华东师范大学出版社200l:258.10-11
    ①李良虎.河南省农村教师对课程改革之适应研究[D]开封:河南大学2005:34-35
    ① Michael Fullan.The New Meaning of Educational Change (third edition). Teachers College,Columbia University,New York and London,2001:32-51
    [1]《基础教育课程改革纲要(试行)》(国发[2001]21号)
    [2]教育部.全日制义务教育化学课程标准(实验稿).北京:北京师范大学出版社,2001
    [3]课程教材研究所.义务教育课程标准教科书化学(九年级上册).北京:人民教育出版社,2004
    [4]课程教材研究所.义务教育课程标准教科书化学(九年级下册).北京:人民教育出版社,2004
    [5]王祖浩.化学课程标准解读(实验稿).湖北教育出版社,2002
    [6]刘知新.化学教学论.北京:高等教育出版社,2004
    [7]廖哲勋,田慧生.课程新论.北京:教育科学出版社,2003
    [8]叶澜.课程改革与课程评价.北京:教育科学出版社,2001
    [9]钟启泉.现代课程论.上海:上海教育出版社,2003
    [10]孙宏安.中国近现代科学教育史.沈阳:辽宁教育出版社,2006
    [11]钟启泉.课程与教学概论.上海:华东师范大学出版社,2003
    [12]派纳.理解课程.张华等译.北京:教育科学出版社,2003
    [13]Michacl Fullan.The New Meaning of Educational Change (third edition). Teachers College, Columbia University,New York and London,2001
    [14]Hord,S. M&Hall,G.E. Three Images:What Principles Do in Curriculum Implementation. Curriculum Inquiry.1987
    [1]郑柳萍,陈达风.新课程背景下化学试题设计研究.福建教育学院学报,2007(12):94-96
    [2]谢玉燕.谈初中化学新课程标准在教学中的实施.在线聚焦新课程,2008(10):54
    [3]秦俭,王曙军.初中化学新课程实施情况调查报告.课程改革,2008(9):31-34
    [4]梁镇楠.从国际视野中看中国现阶段基础教育评价改革.高校教育研究,2008(13):42
    [5]王荣标.农村初中新课程实施中教师素质发展状况的调查报告.化学教育,2008(9):54-56
    [6]刘文国.农村初中实施化学新课程的困惑与对策研究.中国科教创新导刊,2008(10):49
    [7]孟颖.浅谈中学化学新课程改革存在的问题.中国科教创新导刊,2008(10):121
    [8]赵大川.中学化学课程改革的方向.长春师范学院学报,2002(11):21
    [9]马云鹏.课程实施及其在课程改革中的作用.课程.教材.教法,2001(09):18-23
    [10]王锦华.如何培养学生学习化学的兴趣.广西师范大学学报,2008(7):29
    [11]张飒英.农村中小学教师科学素养调查研究.教育探索,2008(11):209
    [12]杨钰桦.农村教师专业化发展的有效途径.时代经贸,2008(7):104
    [13]赵莉.初中化学新课程实验面临的问题、困难和对策.陕西教育学院学报,2002,11(18):4
    [14]汪涵.长春市中小学教师培训工作的现状、问题与对策.长春教育学院学报,2008,06(24):2
    [1]杨艳.延边地区初中物理课程标准实施的研究:[硕士学位论文].延吉:延边大学,2007
    [2]康红霞.鹿泉市初中新课程实施的现状、问题和对策研究:[硕士学位论文].石家庄:河北师范大学,2008
    [3]赵文萍.新课程背景下初中语文教学评价的研究与试验:[硕士学位论文].内呼和浩特:内蒙古师范大学,2004
    [4]刘岩.高中化学新课程实施中学生活动的设计:[硕士学位论文].大连:辽宁师范大学,2008
    [5]张丽丽.关于初中生化学学习兴趣的调查研究:[硕士学位论文].呼和浩特:内蒙古师范大学,2003
    [6]赵彤梅.义务教育化学新课程的实践与再认识:[硕士学位论文].呼和浩特:内蒙古师范大学,2005
    [7]郭艳玲.中学化学教师教学反思情况的调查研究:[硕士学位论文].济南:山东师范大学,2008
    [8]贾新静.中学化学课程资源开发与利用的理论及实践探索:[硕士学位论文].南昌:江西师范大学,2007
    [9]杨坤.中学化学新课程中隐性课程因素研究:[硕士学位论文].呼和浩特:内蒙古师范大学,2007
    [10]程俊俏.新时期中学教师角色适应能力的调查研究:[硕士学位论文].桂林:广西师范大学,2008
    [11]黄志鹏.新时期化学课程理念发展的历史研究:[硕士学位论文].广州:华南师范大学,2007
    [12]刘阳.新课改背景下农村中小学教师专业发展问题与对策研究:[硕士学位论文].长春:东北师范大学,2008
    [13]彭震.成都市锦江区初中化学新课程实施现状的调查与研究:[教育硕士学位论文].成都:四川师范大学,2007
    [14]路树萍.边远少数民族地区初中化学新课程师资培训的改革与实践:[硕士学位论文].呼和浩特:内蒙古师范大学,2008
    [15]吴慎刚.新课程背景下化学教师专业发展的研究:[硕士学位论文].济南:山东师范大学,2006
    [16]齐海鹏.农村教师课程理解研究:[硕士学位论文].长春:东北师范大学,2008
    [17]曲昕.农村初中教师教学技能现状调查:[硕士学位论文].长春:东北师范大学,2008
    [18]杜正雄.初中化学教师新教材教学适应性研究:[硕士学位论文].重庆:西南大学,2006
    [19]范建军.初、高中化学探究性实验教学衔接研究:[硕士学位论文].呼和浩特:内蒙古师范大学,2007
    [20]吕雪川.化学教学中探究学习实施策略:[硕士学位论文].大连:辽宁师范大学,2003.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700