被动监听LSAs技术在OSPF网络监测中的应用方法
摘要
当今，OSPF作为应用最广的IGP被大量部署在运营商城域网和企业内部局域网上，但现有的技术手段却很难对其进行有效监测，这给网络维护和新业务推广带来了很大的障碍。如何对OSPF网络进行行之有效地监测和管理成为网络界关注的重要问题之一。
本文综合分析了传统技术在OSPF网络监测中的应用方法及这些技术存在的问题，并结合网络监测的实际需求，提出了一种被动监听LSAs的OSPF网络监测技术。该技术以被动监听的方式捕获被监测网络上的包含OSPF协议分组的数据包，然后拆包解析LSAs，生成特定的监测消息，最终达到对网络进行实时监测的目的。该技术在很大程度上克服了传统技术在网络监测方面存在的网络负荷大、准确性低、可靠性差等缺点，满足了人们对OSPF网络进行有效监测的需求。
本文根据被动监听LSAs技术提出了一个OSPF网络监测原型系统。该系统由路由器模块、数据包捕获模块、应用逻辑模块和呈现逻辑模块组成，主要实现了对OSPF网络的实时监测和离线查询统计。本文详细介绍了系统中各模块的设计和相关实现。
当然，作为一种新技术的原型系统，该系统还有许多不足之处。本文最后总结分析了该系统存在的不足和局限性，并提出了系统将来的研究方向。
Today, OSPF, as the most widely used IGP, is deployed in operator's MAN and large-enterprise's LAN. However, the technologies in existence are difficult to carry out effective monitoring. This brings a significant barrier for network maintenance and new businesses promotion. How to monitor and manage OSPF network effectively has become one of the major concerns.
After analyzing the characters and problems of the traditional OSPF monitoring technologies, combined with the actual needs of network monitoring, this paper proposes an OSPF monitoring method based on the LSAs passive listening. This technology captures the OSPF protocol packets in the way of passive listening, then unpacks and parses LSAs to generate specific monitoring information and ultimately achieve the purpose of the real-time monitoring. It largely overcomes the traditional technologies' disadvantages at overheads, correctness and reliability, and also meets the demand for effective OSPF monitoring.
According to the LSAs passive listening technology, this paper presents an OSPF monitoring prototype system.The system consists of router module, packet capture module, application logic module and presentation logic module, it mainly achieves real-time monitoring and off-line query statistics. This paper introduces the design and related realization of each module in detail.
As a prototype, the system still has many deficiencies. Finally, this paper analyzes the shortcomings and limitations of the system, and proposes the future research directions.
本文综合分析了传统技术在OSPF网络监测中的应用方法及这些技术存在的问题，并结合网络监测的实际需求，提出了一种被动监听LSAs的OSPF网络监测技术。该技术以被动监听的方式捕获被监测网络上的包含OSPF协议分组的数据包，然后拆包解析LSAs，生成特定的监测消息，最终达到对网络进行实时监测的目的。该技术在很大程度上克服了传统技术在网络监测方面存在的网络负荷大、准确性低、可靠性差等缺点，满足了人们对OSPF网络进行有效监测的需求。
本文根据被动监听LSAs技术提出了一个OSPF网络监测原型系统。该系统由路由器模块、数据包捕获模块、应用逻辑模块和呈现逻辑模块组成，主要实现了对OSPF网络的实时监测和离线查询统计。本文详细介绍了系统中各模块的设计和相关实现。
当然，作为一种新技术的原型系统，该系统还有许多不足之处。本文最后总结分析了该系统存在的不足和局限性，并提出了系统将来的研究方向。
Today, OSPF, as the most widely used IGP, is deployed in operator's MAN and large-enterprise's LAN. However, the technologies in existence are difficult to carry out effective monitoring. This brings a significant barrier for network maintenance and new businesses promotion. How to monitor and manage OSPF network effectively has become one of the major concerns.
After analyzing the characters and problems of the traditional OSPF monitoring technologies, combined with the actual needs of network monitoring, this paper proposes an OSPF monitoring method based on the LSAs passive listening. This technology captures the OSPF protocol packets in the way of passive listening, then unpacks and parses LSAs to generate specific monitoring information and ultimately achieve the purpose of the real-time monitoring. It largely overcomes the traditional technologies' disadvantages at overheads, correctness and reliability, and also meets the demand for effective OSPF monitoring.
According to the LSAs passive listening technology, this paper presents an OSPF monitoring prototype system.The system consists of router module, packet capture module, application logic module and presentation logic module, it mainly achieves real-time monitoring and off-line query statistics. This paper introduces the design and related realization of each module in detail.
As a prototype, the system still has many deficiencies. Finally, this paper analyzes the shortcomings and limitations of the system, and proposes the future research directions.
引文
[1] 孟洛明等 《现代网络管理技术》 北京邮电大学出版社 1999
[2] 孔令萍，李建国 《电信管理网》 人民邮电出版社 1997
[3] A. Shaikh A Case Study of OSPF Behavior in a Large Enterprise Network ACM SIGCOMM Internet Measurement Workshop (IMW) November 2002.
[4] D. Watson Experiences with Monitoring OSPF on a Regional Service Provider Network IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS) May 2003.
[5] A. Shaikh An OPSF Topology Server: Design and Evaluation IEEE J. Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 20 May 2002.
[6] IP Monitoring Project." http://ipmon.sprint.com/
[7] A. Feldmann, J. Rexford IP Network Configuration for Intra-domain Traffic Engineering IEEE Network Magazine September 2001.
[8] R. Siamwalla Discovering Internet Topology Unpublished manuscript http://www.cs.cornell.edu/skeshav/papers/discovery.pdf July 1998.
[9] R. Govindan, H. Tangmunarunkit Heuristics for Internet Map Discovery IEEE INFOCOM, March 2000.
[10] J. Moy OSPF Version 2 RFC 2328 April 1998.
[11] F. Baker OSPF Version 2 Management Information Base RFC 1850 November 1995.
[12] Steven McCanne, Van Jacobson The BSD Packet Filter: A New Architecture for User-level Packet Capture Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory December 1992
[13] 徐建锋等 基于OSPF服务器的网络拓扑发现 计算机应用 第24卷第8期 2004年8月 98-100页
[14] Shu Zhang, Katsushi Kobayshi Rtanaly: A System to Detect and Measure IGP Routing Changes IPSJ Digital Courier Vol. 2 April 2006
[15] 唐勇，张欣 IP城域网监控系统的研究与设计 计算机工程与应用 2006年12月 141-144页
[16] 贺俊峰等 IP网管系统中实时路由监测的实现 中国数据通信 2002年4月 58-61页
[17] 黄锦亮，杜旭 基于SNMP的以太网拓扑发现 计算机应用 第26卷第1期 2006年1月 37-39页
[18] 秦艳锋等 网络拓扑信息获取技术研究 网络与通信 第22卷第5-3期 2006年127-130页
[19] 张建宁 微机监测网络故障点的判断 西铁科技 2005年4月 26-27页
[20] 朱培栋等 一种用于域间路由系统的监测模型 通信学报 第26卷第1A期 2005年1月 76-80页
[2] 孔令萍，李建国 《电信管理网》 人民邮电出版社 1997
[3] A. Shaikh A Case Study of OSPF Behavior in a Large Enterprise Network ACM SIGCOMM Internet Measurement Workshop (IMW) November 2002.
[4] D. Watson Experiences with Monitoring OSPF on a Regional Service Provider Network IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS) May 2003.
[5] A. Shaikh An OPSF Topology Server: Design and Evaluation IEEE J. Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 20 May 2002.
[6] IP Monitoring Project." http://ipmon.sprint.com/
[7] A. Feldmann, J. Rexford IP Network Configuration for Intra-domain Traffic Engineering IEEE Network Magazine September 2001.
[8] R. Siamwalla Discovering Internet Topology Unpublished manuscript http://www.cs.cornell.edu/skeshav/papers/discovery.pdf July 1998.
[9] R. Govindan, H. Tangmunarunkit Heuristics for Internet Map Discovery IEEE INFOCOM, March 2000.
[10] J. Moy OSPF Version 2 RFC 2328 April 1998.
[11] F. Baker OSPF Version 2 Management Information Base RFC 1850 November 1995.
[12] Steven McCanne, Van Jacobson The BSD Packet Filter: A New Architecture for User-level Packet Capture Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory December 1992
[13] 徐建锋等 基于OSPF服务器的网络拓扑发现 计算机应用 第24卷第8期 2004年8月 98-100页
[14] Shu Zhang, Katsushi Kobayshi Rtanaly: A System to Detect and Measure IGP Routing Changes IPSJ Digital Courier Vol. 2 April 2006
[15] 唐勇，张欣 IP城域网监控系统的研究与设计 计算机工程与应用 2006年12月 141-144页
[16] 贺俊峰等 IP网管系统中实时路由监测的实现 中国数据通信 2002年4月 58-61页
[17] 黄锦亮，杜旭 基于SNMP的以太网拓扑发现 计算机应用 第26卷第1期 2006年1月 37-39页
[18] 秦艳锋等 网络拓扑信息获取技术研究 网络与通信 第22卷第5-3期 2006年127-130页
[19] 张建宁 微机监测网络故障点的判断 西铁科技 2005年4月 26-27页
[20] 朱培栋等 一种用于域间路由系统的监测模型 通信学报 第26卷第1A期 2005年1月 76-80页