冷再生沥青路面材料性能及结构组合研究
|
摘要
路面冷再生技术能有效利用废料，符合我国可持续发展战略中废物资源化的要求和节能减排的发展理念。目前，沥青路面冷再生技术尚未形成完整的体系，在国内仍处于起步阶段，我国在试验方法、试验手段、设计标准、路面结构类型等方面与国外相差较大。国内对于冷再生结构层在路面中的响应状态、再生路面结构组合的研究较少，在路面结构再生维修时，再生层层位、厚度及路面厚度的选择一般采用新建路面设计或改建路面设计方法，参数的选取仅仅依靠规范推荐值，这样设计出来的路面不能满足使用性能的需要，路面的使用寿命往往较短。
基于此，本文通过室内性能试验与现场验证对冷再生混合料配合比设计的养生方式和设计指标进行了研究，提出了乳化沥青冷再生混合料的养生方法。并提出再生混合料配合比设计以冻融及干湿劈裂强度及其强度比为控制指标，以孔隙率、马歇尔稳定度作为参考指标。根据路面病害类型及程度，设置了七种再生路面结构和一种传统维修路面结构，通过实测路面结构动态响应分析发现：再生路面结构应变的温度敏感性低于热拌沥青路面结构，路面厚度对层底应变的影响较大；随着轴载和温度的升高，再生层底的拉应变不断增加，温度越高，最大应变增加的趋势越快；路面结构再生层以下结构层顶面应力受路面厚度影响较大，受车速的影响较小；根据各方案路面结构的应变响应情况，路面结构厚度最薄的方案三（CRP3）应变最大，纵向应变响应从大到小排序为：CRP3(CRP4)>CRP5>CRP6(CRP8)>CRP1(CRP2)>CRP7，其中CRP3与CRP4，CRP1与CRP2以及CRP6与CRP8除胶结料不同之外其余均相同，应变响应性能接近。
基于路面结构动态力学响应及室内材料参数性能试验，对再生路面结构参数及接触条件进行了对比分析，结果表明再生层的结构强度、沥青面层厚度及层间接触状态对路面结构性能具有显著影响，根据理论计算与实测数据分析提出了冷再生路面结构设计的材料参数，解决了再生路面典型结构理论计算结果与实际状态不相符的问题。根据再生混合料室内疲劳试验及试验路疲劳分析，初步确定了典型再生沥青混合料的疲劳极限水平。基于室内性能试验及试验路实测路面结构动态响应，推荐了不同交通量等级下的再生路面典型结构组合。
The pavement cold recycled technology can effectively use waste, its conforms to thedevelopment concept of our our country sustainable development strategy of waste recycledand energy conservation and emissions reduction. At present, the asphalt pavement coldrecycled technology has not been formed a complete system,we still in the initial stage,it isdifferences from foreign in the test method, test means, design standard, pavementstructure.we study less in the structure response of recycled pavement. It is usually adoptsHMA pavement structure design method and pavement reconstruction design methods.theparameters volunme value solely rely on specification recommended, such designed pavementcan not meet the needs of the performance and the service life often shorter.
Based on this, the article studyed the preserve modes and the design index of coldrecycled mixture design through the performance test and on-site validation methods, andproposes an emulsified asphalt cold recycled mixture preservation methods. And put forwardthe recycled mix design index that use the freezing and thawing and dry wet cleavage strengthand its intensity ratio as control index, and the voidage, Marshall stability as a referenceindex. According to the pavement damage type and degree, set up seven recycled pavementstructure and a kind of traditional maintenance pavement structure, through the actualpavement structure dynamic response analysis found that the temperature sensitivity ofstructure strain less than the hot mix asphalt pavement structure.the thickness of layer haslarge influence on the strain of thebottom of recycled layer; Along with the axial load andtemperature increases, recycled layer bottom tensile strain increases unceasingly, the higherthe temperature, the faster increasing of maximum strain;
pavement thickness has large influence on the top surface stress of the layer under therecycled sturcture,and the speed has smaller affect According to the pavement structurestrain response,CRP3that the thickness of pavement structure is thinnest and its longitudinalstrain response is maximum, the longitudinal strain response from big to small order: CRP3(CRP4)> CRP5> CRP6> CRP1(CRP2)> CRP7, which CRP3and CRP4, CRP1and CRP2,CRP6and CRP8except cement different besides the others all the same, and be close to strainresponse function。
Based on the measured dynamic pavement response and pavement material propertiestesting, analysis was conducted on the recycling pavement structure and interlayer contactconditions. Results showed that the strength of recycling pavement layer, the thickness ofasphalt layer and the state of interface contact conditions had significant impacts on pavementperformance. Material parameters of cold recycled pavement were put forward based ontheoretical calculations and measured data analysis, which will contribute to solve theproblem of the difference between theoretical calculations results and real values. Fatiguelimit of typical recycled asphalt mix was preliminarily determined based on laboratory fatiguetesting and test road for recycled mixtures. Typical recycled pavement structure underdifferent traffic levels was recommended based on laboratory testing and measured dynamicresponses of test road.
基于此，本文通过室内性能试验与现场验证对冷再生混合料配合比设计的养生方式和设计指标进行了研究，提出了乳化沥青冷再生混合料的养生方法。并提出再生混合料配合比设计以冻融及干湿劈裂强度及其强度比为控制指标，以孔隙率、马歇尔稳定度作为参考指标。根据路面病害类型及程度，设置了七种再生路面结构和一种传统维修路面结构，通过实测路面结构动态响应分析发现：再生路面结构应变的温度敏感性低于热拌沥青路面结构，路面厚度对层底应变的影响较大；随着轴载和温度的升高，再生层底的拉应变不断增加，温度越高，最大应变增加的趋势越快；路面结构再生层以下结构层顶面应力受路面厚度影响较大，受车速的影响较小；根据各方案路面结构的应变响应情况，路面结构厚度最薄的方案三（CRP3）应变最大，纵向应变响应从大到小排序为：CRP3(CRP4)>CRP5>CRP6(CRP8)>CRP1(CRP2)>CRP7，其中CRP3与CRP4，CRP1与CRP2以及CRP6与CRP8除胶结料不同之外其余均相同，应变响应性能接近。
基于路面结构动态力学响应及室内材料参数性能试验，对再生路面结构参数及接触条件进行了对比分析，结果表明再生层的结构强度、沥青面层厚度及层间接触状态对路面结构性能具有显著影响，根据理论计算与实测数据分析提出了冷再生路面结构设计的材料参数，解决了再生路面典型结构理论计算结果与实际状态不相符的问题。根据再生混合料室内疲劳试验及试验路疲劳分析，初步确定了典型再生沥青混合料的疲劳极限水平。基于室内性能试验及试验路实测路面结构动态响应，推荐了不同交通量等级下的再生路面典型结构组合。
The pavement cold recycled technology can effectively use waste, its conforms to thedevelopment concept of our our country sustainable development strategy of waste recycledand energy conservation and emissions reduction. At present, the asphalt pavement coldrecycled technology has not been formed a complete system,we still in the initial stage,it isdifferences from foreign in the test method, test means, design standard, pavementstructure.we study less in the structure response of recycled pavement. It is usually adoptsHMA pavement structure design method and pavement reconstruction design methods.theparameters volunme value solely rely on specification recommended, such designed pavementcan not meet the needs of the performance and the service life often shorter.
Based on this, the article studyed the preserve modes and the design index of coldrecycled mixture design through the performance test and on-site validation methods, andproposes an emulsified asphalt cold recycled mixture preservation methods. And put forwardthe recycled mix design index that use the freezing and thawing and dry wet cleavage strengthand its intensity ratio as control index, and the voidage, Marshall stability as a referenceindex. According to the pavement damage type and degree, set up seven recycled pavementstructure and a kind of traditional maintenance pavement structure, through the actualpavement structure dynamic response analysis found that the temperature sensitivity ofstructure strain less than the hot mix asphalt pavement structure.the thickness of layer haslarge influence on the strain of thebottom of recycled layer; Along with the axial load andtemperature increases, recycled layer bottom tensile strain increases unceasingly, the higherthe temperature, the faster increasing of maximum strain;
pavement thickness has large influence on the top surface stress of the layer under therecycled sturcture,and the speed has smaller affect According to the pavement structurestrain response,CRP3that the thickness of pavement structure is thinnest and its longitudinalstrain response is maximum, the longitudinal strain response from big to small order: CRP3(CRP4)> CRP5> CRP6> CRP1(CRP2)> CRP7, which CRP3and CRP4, CRP1and CRP2,CRP6and CRP8except cement different besides the others all the same, and be close to strainresponse function。
Based on the measured dynamic pavement response and pavement material propertiestesting, analysis was conducted on the recycling pavement structure and interlayer contactconditions. Results showed that the strength of recycling pavement layer, the thickness ofasphalt layer and the state of interface contact conditions had significant impacts on pavementperformance. Material parameters of cold recycled pavement were put forward based ontheoretical calculations and measured data analysis, which will contribute to solve theproblem of the difference between theoretical calculations results and real values. Fatiguelimit of typical recycled asphalt mix was preliminarily determined based on laboratory fatiguetesting and test road for recycled mixtures. Typical recycled pavement structure underdifferent traffic levels was recommended based on laboratory testing and measured dynamicresponses of test road.
引文
[1]美国沥青再生协会等．沥青再生指南(中译本)[M]．北京：人民交通出版社，2006．1
[2]维特根冷再生技术手册[M].
[3] Arpad Horvsth．Life-cycle environmental and economic assessment of using recycled materials forasphalt pavements[R]．Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering of Califomia University,Berkeley,CA，2003：4-6．
[4] John R．Mosey,J．H．Defoe．In—place recycling of asphalt pavements[J]．Asphalt Paving Technology,1979，Vol，48：261-272．
[5] Asphalt Recycling and Reclaiming Association．Basic asphalt recycling manual[M]．AsphaltRecycling and Reclaiming Association，Annapolis，MD，2001．
[6]王海燕、杜二鹏、刘真岩．沥青混凝土路面现场冷再生设计方法的探讨[J]．公路.2004(6)：29-32．
[7] Asphalt Institute，Asphalt Emulsion Manufactures Association．A basic asphalt emulsion manual[M].Asphalt Institute，Lexington，KY Manual Series No.19，Third Edition．
[8] Asphalt Emulsion Manufactures Association．Recommended performance guidelines[M]. AsphaltEmulsion Manufactures Association，Annapolis，MD，Second Edition．
[9] International Slurry Surfacing Association．Recommended performance guidelines for Micro-Surfacing[M]．International Slurry Surfacing Association，Annapolis，MD，2001．
[10] International Slurry Surfacing Association．Recommended performance guidelines for EmulsifiedAsphalt Slurry Seal[M]．International Slurry Surfacing Association，Annapolis，MD．2001。
[11]黄晓明、赵永利、江臣沥青路面再生利用试验分析[J]．岩土工程学报，2001，23(4)：468-471．
[12]谭忆秋、董泽蛟、酋丽萍．应用Superpave体积设计法设计冷再生沥青混合料[J]．公路交通科技，2005，22(3)：31-34．
[13]Lucas-jan Ebels M.Se.(Eng). Characteristation of Material Poropties and Behaveiour of ColdBitumeious Mixtures for Road Pavements[D].South Africa Stellenbosch Universtity2008.
[14]永久性路面研究[R].济南：山东省交通科学研究所，2008
[15]严金海，倪福建，薛昕.乳化沥青冷再生混合料现场冷再生性能研究[J].公路交通科技Vol.23No.9Sep.2006
[16]吕伟民.乳化沥青冷再生技术关键与应用前景[J].石油沥青第23卷第3期2006
[17]黄晓明、赵永利、江臣沥青路面再生利用试验分析[J]．岩土工程学报，2001，23(4)：468-471．
[18] AASHTO designation: TP62-03Standard Method of Test for Determining Dynamic Modulus ofHot-mix Asphalt Concrete Mixture,2003
[19] PREN12697-26. Bituminous mixtures-Test methods for hot mix asphalt-Part26:Stiffness. EuropeanCommittee for Standardisation,2003
[20]拾方治、李秀君、孙大权等．冷再生沥青混合料设计方法概述[J]．公路，2004(11)：102-107．
[21]冷再生沥青混合料用于重交路面改建时若干关键问题研究.同济大学学位论文，上海:同济大学，2008
[22]乳化沥青冷再生混合料设计方法与使用性能研究.湖南大学学位论文，长沙.2007
[23]拾方治．沥青路面泡沫沥青再生基层的研究.同济大学博士学位论文.上海：同济大学，2002．
[24] prEN12697-23. Bituminous mixtures-Test methods for hot mix asphalt-Part23:Indirect tensile test.European Committee for Standardisation,2003
[25] David N. Richardson, P.E.Steven M. Lusher, E.I.T.Calibration of the CoreLok MethodforDetermination of Missouri Aggregate Specific Gravities. University of Missouri-Rolla, June2006.
[26] K.J. Jenkins, S. Robroch, M.G. Henderson, J. Wilkinson and A.A.A. Molenaar. Advanced testing forcold recycling treatment selection on N7near cape town.. Proceedings of the8th Conference onAsphalt Pavements for Southern Africa (CAPSA'04).2004.
[27]沈金安李福晋陈景.高速公路沥青路面早期损坏分析与防治对策[M].北京：人民交通出版社.2004.12
[28] JTG F41-2008.公路沥青路面再生技术规范[S]
[29] JTG F40-2004.公路沥青路面施工技术规范[S]
[30] JTJ034-2000,公路路面基层施工技术规范[S]
[31] JTG F80/1-2004,公路工程质量检验评定标准[S]
[32] JTG F10-2006,公路路基施工技术规范[S]
[33] JTG F41-2008，沥青路面再生技术规范[S]
[34] JTG E40-2007,公路土工试验规程[S].
[35] JTJ057-94,公路工程无机结合料稳定材料试验规程[S]
[36] JTG E60-2008,公路路基路面现场测试规程[S]
[37] JTG D50-2006,公路沥青路面设计规范[S].
[38] JTG E42-2005,公路工程集料试验规程[S]
[39] Kiplagat Chelelgo.Effects of temperature dynamics on curing of cold-emulsion reclaimed asphaltpavements. VOL.5, NO.11ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences.2010
[40] prEN12697-24. Bituminous mixtures-Test methods for hot mix asphalt-Part24:Resistance to fatigue.European Committee for Standardisation,2003
[41] prEN12697-25. Bituminous mixtures-Test methods for hot mix asphalt-Part25:Dynamic creep test.European Committee for Standardisation,2003
[42] Construcciones y Obras Públicas y Civiles, S.A.(COPCISA).Road pavement rehabilitation techniquesusing enhanced asphalt mixtures.
[43]李峰,孙立军,胡晓.长寿命沥青路面设计方法与实践综述[J].公路.2005(7):122-126
[44] AASHTO Designation: TP31-96. Standard Test Method for Determining the Resilient Modulus ofBituminous Mixtures by Indirect Tension.1996
[45] NCHRP9-19. Superpave Support and Performance models Management. Field Validation of theSimple Performance Test.2001
[46] NCHRP9-29. Simple Performance Tester for Superpave Mix Design. Equipment Specification for theSimple Performance Test System. Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC,2004
[47]黄晓明,赵永利,高英.高速公路沥青路面设计理论与方法[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2006
[48] R.F. Bonaquist, D.W. Christensen, William Stump. NCHRP Report513. Simple Performance Tester forSuperpave mix Design:First-Article Development and Evaluation. Advanced Asphalt Technologies,LLC, Calibration Services, Inc.2003
[49] M.W. Witczak, Javed Bari, Felix Doucet, M.M. Quayum. Comparion of Dynamic Complex ModulusTests in Repeated Load Beam Flexure and Uniaxial Comression Modes. Arizona State University,2001
[50] Harold L. Von Quintus, P.E. Application of the Endurance Limit Premise in Mechanistic-EmpiricalBased Pavement Design Procedures[R].July2006
[51] R.L. Peterson and P. Turner,“Determination of Threshold Strain Level for Infinite Fatigue Life inAsphalt Mixtures,”Interim Report for the Asphalt Pavement Alliance, The Asphalt Institute,2002.
[52] AASHTO Designation: TP8-94. Standard Test Method for Determining the Fatigue Life of CompactedHot Mix Asphalt(HMA) Subjected to Repeated Flexural Bending.1994
[53] SHRP Designation M-009. Determining the Fatigue Life of Compacted Bituminous MixturesSubjected to Repeated Flexural Bending. SHRP-A-003A, Strategic Highway Research Program,National Research Council.1994
[54]杨群.高速公路沥青稳定基层结构与设计方法研究[D].东南大学博士学位论文,2001.12
[55]普渡大学公路工程教授E.J.约德,马里兰大学M.W.韦特捷著;陈炳麟等译.路面设计原理[M].北京:人民交通出版社.
[56] Anderson, D. G., and Wood, R. D.(1975).“Comparison of Field and Laboratory Shear Modulus.”Proceedings, In-situ Measurement of Soil Properties, ASCE, Vol.1, Raleigh, NC.
[57] Von Quintas, H.L., and Killingsworth B.M.(1998).“Comparison of Laboratory and Insitu DeterminedElastic Layer Moduli.” Presented at the Transportation Research Board77th Annual Meeting,Washington, D.C., pp.1-31
[58]黄仰贤.路面分析与设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1998.05
[59]姚祖康主编.公路设计手册.路面(第三版)[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2006.11
[60] Nazarian S., Rojas, J., Pezo, R., and Abdallah, I.(1998).“Relating Laboratory and Field Moduli ofTexas Base Materials.” Transportation Research Record1639, National Research Council,Washington, D.C., pp.1-11
[61] Newcomb, D.E, February1987, Comparisons of Field and Laboratory Estimated Resilient Moduli ofPavement Materials. Proceedings, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol,56, pp.91-106
[62] Mikhail, M., Seeds, S., Alavi, S. H. and Ott, W. C.(1999).“Evaluation of Laboratory and Backcalcul-ated Resilient Moduli from the WesTrack Experiment.” Transportation Research Record1687,National Research Council, Washington, D.C., pp.55-65
[63]林绣贤.柔性路面结构设计方法[M].北京:人民交通出版社.1988
[64]沈金安.国外沥青路面设计方法总汇[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2004
[65] ASTM D4123-82Standard Test Method for Indirect Tension Test for Resilient Modulus of BituminousMixtures,2003
[66]邓学均.路基路面工程(第三版)[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2008.05
[67] ASTM C469-02. Standard Test Method for Static Modulus of Elasticity and Poisson's Ratio ofConcrete in Compression
[68]王秉纲,邓学钧.路面力学数值计算[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1992
[69] AASHTO T307. Standard Method of Test for Determining the Resilient Modulus of Soils andAggregate Materials,1999
[70] Otte, E., Savage, P.F., and Monismith, C.L. Structural design of cemented pavement layers.Transportation Journal of ASCE, TE4,1982:428-445
[71] Seeds, S., Alavi, S., Ott, W., Mikhail, M., and Mactutis, J.(1999).“Evaluation of LaboratoryDetermined and Nondestructive Test Based on Resilient Modulus Values from WesTrackExperiment.” Nondestructive Testing of Pavements and Backcalculation of Moduli (Vol III) ASTMSTP1375, Tayabji, S. D and Lukanen, E. O Eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, Seattle,WA, pp.72-95
[72]虞将苗．沥青混合料疲劳性能研究[D].华南理工大学博士学位论文.2005
[73]高英．基于动态参数的沥青路面设计方法研究[R].同济大学博士研究生学位论文.1999
[74] prEN12697-31. Bituminous mixtures-Test methods for hot mix asphalt-Part31:Specimen preparation,gyratory compactor. European Committee for Standardisation,2003
[75] ASTM D3496-99. Standard Practice for Preparation of Bituminous Mixture Specimen for DynamicModulus Testing.1999
[76]方福森.路面工程[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1995
[77]沙庆林.高等级公路半刚性沥青路面[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1998
[78] ASTM D3497-79. Standard Test method for Dynamic Modulus of Asphalt Mixtures.1995
[79] ASTM D4123-82. Standard Test method for Indirect Test for Resilient Modulus of BituminousMixtures.1995
[80] ASTM D3387-83. Standard Test method for Compaction and Shear Properties of Bituminous Mixturesby Means of the U.S. Corps of Engineers Gyratory Testing Machine(GTM).1996
[81] ASTM D1561-92. Standard Practice for Preparation of Bituminous Mixture Test Specimens byCalifornia Kneading Compactor.1992
[82]沈金安.沥青及沥青混合料路用性能[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001.05
[83]沙庆林.高速公路沥青路面早期破坏现象与预防[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001.05
[84]姚祖康,刘伯莹,牛开民等.沥青路面设计指标体系[R].同济大学,中交公路规划设计院,交通部公路科学研究所.2002
[85] National Cooperative Highway Research Program. Laboratory Determination of Resilient Modulus forFlexible Pavement Design. Research Results Digest NO.285. Transportation Research Board,Washington D.C.,2004
[86] AASHTO Designation: R30-02. Standard Practice for Mixture Conditioning of Hot-Mix Asphalt(HMA).2002
[87] Beer, M.G., Johnson, G., and Van Deusen, D.,1996. Performance of Mn/Road Load Response andSubsurface Instrumentation. Staff Paper, Office of Minnesota Road Research, Maplewood, MN:Minnesota Department of Transportation,1996.
[88] Estes, T.,2005. Oregon Answers Perpetual Pavement Analysis with Field Test. Better Roads Magazine,November,2005.
[89] Nishizawa. T., S. Shimeno, and M. Sekiguchi.“Fatigue Analysis of Asphalt Pavements with ThickAsphalt Mixture Layer,” Proceedings,7th International Conference on Asphalt Pavements, Universityof Washington, Seattle:1997
[90] Loulizi, A., Al-Qadi, I. L., Lahouar, S., and Freeman, T. E.(2002).“Measurement of Vertical CompressiveStress Pulse in Flexible Pavements and Its Representation for Dynamic Loading.” TransportationResearch Board81st Annual Meeting, Paper#02-2376, Washington, D.C., pp.1-21
[2]维特根冷再生技术手册[M].
[3] Arpad Horvsth．Life-cycle environmental and economic assessment of using recycled materials forasphalt pavements[R]．Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering of Califomia University,Berkeley,CA，2003：4-6．
[4] John R．Mosey,J．H．Defoe．In—place recycling of asphalt pavements[J]．Asphalt Paving Technology,1979，Vol，48：261-272．
[5] Asphalt Recycling and Reclaiming Association．Basic asphalt recycling manual[M]．AsphaltRecycling and Reclaiming Association，Annapolis，MD，2001．
[6]王海燕、杜二鹏、刘真岩．沥青混凝土路面现场冷再生设计方法的探讨[J]．公路.2004(6)：29-32．
[7] Asphalt Institute，Asphalt Emulsion Manufactures Association．A basic asphalt emulsion manual[M].Asphalt Institute，Lexington，KY Manual Series No.19，Third Edition．
[8] Asphalt Emulsion Manufactures Association．Recommended performance guidelines[M]. AsphaltEmulsion Manufactures Association，Annapolis，MD，Second Edition．
[9] International Slurry Surfacing Association．Recommended performance guidelines for Micro-Surfacing[M]．International Slurry Surfacing Association，Annapolis，MD，2001．
[10] International Slurry Surfacing Association．Recommended performance guidelines for EmulsifiedAsphalt Slurry Seal[M]．International Slurry Surfacing Association，Annapolis，MD．2001。
[11]黄晓明、赵永利、江臣沥青路面再生利用试验分析[J]．岩土工程学报，2001，23(4)：468-471．
[12]谭忆秋、董泽蛟、酋丽萍．应用Superpave体积设计法设计冷再生沥青混合料[J]．公路交通科技，2005，22(3)：31-34．
[13]Lucas-jan Ebels M.Se.(Eng). Characteristation of Material Poropties and Behaveiour of ColdBitumeious Mixtures for Road Pavements[D].South Africa Stellenbosch Universtity2008.
[14]永久性路面研究[R].济南：山东省交通科学研究所，2008
[15]严金海，倪福建，薛昕.乳化沥青冷再生混合料现场冷再生性能研究[J].公路交通科技Vol.23No.9Sep.2006
[16]吕伟民.乳化沥青冷再生技术关键与应用前景[J].石油沥青第23卷第3期2006
[17]黄晓明、赵永利、江臣沥青路面再生利用试验分析[J]．岩土工程学报，2001，23(4)：468-471．
[18] AASHTO designation: TP62-03Standard Method of Test for Determining Dynamic Modulus ofHot-mix Asphalt Concrete Mixture,2003
[19] PREN12697-26. Bituminous mixtures-Test methods for hot mix asphalt-Part26:Stiffness. EuropeanCommittee for Standardisation,2003
[20]拾方治、李秀君、孙大权等．冷再生沥青混合料设计方法概述[J]．公路，2004(11)：102-107．
[21]冷再生沥青混合料用于重交路面改建时若干关键问题研究.同济大学学位论文，上海:同济大学，2008
[22]乳化沥青冷再生混合料设计方法与使用性能研究.湖南大学学位论文，长沙.2007
[23]拾方治．沥青路面泡沫沥青再生基层的研究.同济大学博士学位论文.上海：同济大学，2002．
[24] prEN12697-23. Bituminous mixtures-Test methods for hot mix asphalt-Part23:Indirect tensile test.European Committee for Standardisation,2003
[25] David N. Richardson, P.E.Steven M. Lusher, E.I.T.Calibration of the CoreLok MethodforDetermination of Missouri Aggregate Specific Gravities. University of Missouri-Rolla, June2006.
[26] K.J. Jenkins, S. Robroch, M.G. Henderson, J. Wilkinson and A.A.A. Molenaar. Advanced testing forcold recycling treatment selection on N7near cape town.. Proceedings of the8th Conference onAsphalt Pavements for Southern Africa (CAPSA'04).2004.
[27]沈金安李福晋陈景.高速公路沥青路面早期损坏分析与防治对策[M].北京：人民交通出版社.2004.12
[28] JTG F41-2008.公路沥青路面再生技术规范[S]
[29] JTG F40-2004.公路沥青路面施工技术规范[S]
[30] JTJ034-2000,公路路面基层施工技术规范[S]
[31] JTG F80/1-2004,公路工程质量检验评定标准[S]
[32] JTG F10-2006,公路路基施工技术规范[S]
[33] JTG F41-2008，沥青路面再生技术规范[S]
[34] JTG E40-2007,公路土工试验规程[S].
[35] JTJ057-94,公路工程无机结合料稳定材料试验规程[S]
[36] JTG E60-2008,公路路基路面现场测试规程[S]
[37] JTG D50-2006,公路沥青路面设计规范[S].
[38] JTG E42-2005,公路工程集料试验规程[S]
[39] Kiplagat Chelelgo.Effects of temperature dynamics on curing of cold-emulsion reclaimed asphaltpavements. VOL.5, NO.11ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences.2010
[40] prEN12697-24. Bituminous mixtures-Test methods for hot mix asphalt-Part24:Resistance to fatigue.European Committee for Standardisation,2003
[41] prEN12697-25. Bituminous mixtures-Test methods for hot mix asphalt-Part25:Dynamic creep test.European Committee for Standardisation,2003
[42] Construcciones y Obras Públicas y Civiles, S.A.(COPCISA).Road pavement rehabilitation techniquesusing enhanced asphalt mixtures.
[43]李峰,孙立军,胡晓.长寿命沥青路面设计方法与实践综述[J].公路.2005(7):122-126
[44] AASHTO Designation: TP31-96. Standard Test Method for Determining the Resilient Modulus ofBituminous Mixtures by Indirect Tension.1996
[45] NCHRP9-19. Superpave Support and Performance models Management. Field Validation of theSimple Performance Test.2001
[46] NCHRP9-29. Simple Performance Tester for Superpave Mix Design. Equipment Specification for theSimple Performance Test System. Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC,2004
[47]黄晓明,赵永利,高英.高速公路沥青路面设计理论与方法[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2006
[48] R.F. Bonaquist, D.W. Christensen, William Stump. NCHRP Report513. Simple Performance Tester forSuperpave mix Design:First-Article Development and Evaluation. Advanced Asphalt Technologies,LLC, Calibration Services, Inc.2003
[49] M.W. Witczak, Javed Bari, Felix Doucet, M.M. Quayum. Comparion of Dynamic Complex ModulusTests in Repeated Load Beam Flexure and Uniaxial Comression Modes. Arizona State University,2001
[50] Harold L. Von Quintus, P.E. Application of the Endurance Limit Premise in Mechanistic-EmpiricalBased Pavement Design Procedures[R].July2006
[51] R.L. Peterson and P. Turner,“Determination of Threshold Strain Level for Infinite Fatigue Life inAsphalt Mixtures,”Interim Report for the Asphalt Pavement Alliance, The Asphalt Institute,2002.
[52] AASHTO Designation: TP8-94. Standard Test Method for Determining the Fatigue Life of CompactedHot Mix Asphalt(HMA) Subjected to Repeated Flexural Bending.1994
[53] SHRP Designation M-009. Determining the Fatigue Life of Compacted Bituminous MixturesSubjected to Repeated Flexural Bending. SHRP-A-003A, Strategic Highway Research Program,National Research Council.1994
[54]杨群.高速公路沥青稳定基层结构与设计方法研究[D].东南大学博士学位论文,2001.12
[55]普渡大学公路工程教授E.J.约德,马里兰大学M.W.韦特捷著;陈炳麟等译.路面设计原理[M].北京:人民交通出版社.
[56] Anderson, D. G., and Wood, R. D.(1975).“Comparison of Field and Laboratory Shear Modulus.”Proceedings, In-situ Measurement of Soil Properties, ASCE, Vol.1, Raleigh, NC.
[57] Von Quintas, H.L., and Killingsworth B.M.(1998).“Comparison of Laboratory and Insitu DeterminedElastic Layer Moduli.” Presented at the Transportation Research Board77th Annual Meeting,Washington, D.C., pp.1-31
[58]黄仰贤.路面分析与设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1998.05
[59]姚祖康主编.公路设计手册.路面(第三版)[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2006.11
[60] Nazarian S., Rojas, J., Pezo, R., and Abdallah, I.(1998).“Relating Laboratory and Field Moduli ofTexas Base Materials.” Transportation Research Record1639, National Research Council,Washington, D.C., pp.1-11
[61] Newcomb, D.E, February1987, Comparisons of Field and Laboratory Estimated Resilient Moduli ofPavement Materials. Proceedings, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol,56, pp.91-106
[62] Mikhail, M., Seeds, S., Alavi, S. H. and Ott, W. C.(1999).“Evaluation of Laboratory and Backcalcul-ated Resilient Moduli from the WesTrack Experiment.” Transportation Research Record1687,National Research Council, Washington, D.C., pp.55-65
[63]林绣贤.柔性路面结构设计方法[M].北京:人民交通出版社.1988
[64]沈金安.国外沥青路面设计方法总汇[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2004
[65] ASTM D4123-82Standard Test Method for Indirect Tension Test for Resilient Modulus of BituminousMixtures,2003
[66]邓学均.路基路面工程(第三版)[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2008.05
[67] ASTM C469-02. Standard Test Method for Static Modulus of Elasticity and Poisson's Ratio ofConcrete in Compression
[68]王秉纲,邓学钧.路面力学数值计算[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1992
[69] AASHTO T307. Standard Method of Test for Determining the Resilient Modulus of Soils andAggregate Materials,1999
[70] Otte, E., Savage, P.F., and Monismith, C.L. Structural design of cemented pavement layers.Transportation Journal of ASCE, TE4,1982:428-445
[71] Seeds, S., Alavi, S., Ott, W., Mikhail, M., and Mactutis, J.(1999).“Evaluation of LaboratoryDetermined and Nondestructive Test Based on Resilient Modulus Values from WesTrackExperiment.” Nondestructive Testing of Pavements and Backcalculation of Moduli (Vol III) ASTMSTP1375, Tayabji, S. D and Lukanen, E. O Eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, Seattle,WA, pp.72-95
[72]虞将苗．沥青混合料疲劳性能研究[D].华南理工大学博士学位论文.2005
[73]高英．基于动态参数的沥青路面设计方法研究[R].同济大学博士研究生学位论文.1999
[74] prEN12697-31. Bituminous mixtures-Test methods for hot mix asphalt-Part31:Specimen preparation,gyratory compactor. European Committee for Standardisation,2003
[75] ASTM D3496-99. Standard Practice for Preparation of Bituminous Mixture Specimen for DynamicModulus Testing.1999
[76]方福森.路面工程[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1995
[77]沙庆林.高等级公路半刚性沥青路面[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1998
[78] ASTM D3497-79. Standard Test method for Dynamic Modulus of Asphalt Mixtures.1995
[79] ASTM D4123-82. Standard Test method for Indirect Test for Resilient Modulus of BituminousMixtures.1995
[80] ASTM D3387-83. Standard Test method for Compaction and Shear Properties of Bituminous Mixturesby Means of the U.S. Corps of Engineers Gyratory Testing Machine(GTM).1996
[81] ASTM D1561-92. Standard Practice for Preparation of Bituminous Mixture Test Specimens byCalifornia Kneading Compactor.1992
[82]沈金安.沥青及沥青混合料路用性能[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001.05
[83]沙庆林.高速公路沥青路面早期破坏现象与预防[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001.05
[84]姚祖康,刘伯莹,牛开民等.沥青路面设计指标体系[R].同济大学,中交公路规划设计院,交通部公路科学研究所.2002
[85] National Cooperative Highway Research Program. Laboratory Determination of Resilient Modulus forFlexible Pavement Design. Research Results Digest NO.285. Transportation Research Board,Washington D.C.,2004
[86] AASHTO Designation: R30-02. Standard Practice for Mixture Conditioning of Hot-Mix Asphalt(HMA).2002
[87] Beer, M.G., Johnson, G., and Van Deusen, D.,1996. Performance of Mn/Road Load Response andSubsurface Instrumentation. Staff Paper, Office of Minnesota Road Research, Maplewood, MN:Minnesota Department of Transportation,1996.
[88] Estes, T.,2005. Oregon Answers Perpetual Pavement Analysis with Field Test. Better Roads Magazine,November,2005.
[89] Nishizawa. T., S. Shimeno, and M. Sekiguchi.“Fatigue Analysis of Asphalt Pavements with ThickAsphalt Mixture Layer,” Proceedings,7th International Conference on Asphalt Pavements, Universityof Washington, Seattle:1997
[90] Loulizi, A., Al-Qadi, I. L., Lahouar, S., and Freeman, T. E.(2002).“Measurement of Vertical CompressiveStress Pulse in Flexible Pavements and Its Representation for Dynamic Loading.” TransportationResearch Board81st Annual Meeting, Paper#02-2376, Washington, D.C., pp.1-21