无碰撞区跳频序列设计及其跳频通信系统仿真研究
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摘要
跳频通信具有抗干扰、抗衰落、抗截获能力强,能多址组网应用等诸多优点,在现代军事和民用通信中,跳频通信技术获得了广泛的应用。跳频器是跳频通信系统的核心部件,而组网则是关系到跳频通信能否正常建立的关键。无碰撞区跳频通信系统的跳频器所使用的跳频码是无碰撞区跳频码,该码在零位移附近一段区域内汉明相关值为零。若跳频通信系统工作在该区域内,则系统中的多址干扰将会大大减少,为此,无碰撞区跳频通信系统所使用的组网方式为多址接入准同步组网方式。
本文研究内容可分为三部分:第一部分主要提出了一种新的基于交织技术的无碰撞区跳频码构造方法。该部分首先介绍了无碰撞区跳频码的概念,然后概述了交织技术,最后详细地给出了基于交织技术的无碰撞区跳频码的构造过程。
第二部分主要提出一种新的适用于无碰撞区跳频通信系统的多址接入准同步方案,该部分首先概述了多址接入准同步组网方式的原理,然后介绍了冯莉芳等人提出的基于同步字头法与搜索等待自同步法的准同步方案,接着描述了本文提出的基于参考时钟法的多址接入准同步组网方案,最后对这两种方案的性能进行了详细的分析比较。基于参考时钟法的准同步方案组网速度更快,更节省系统资源。
第三部分主要使用SystemView仿真工具并结合C语言设计了无碰撞区跳频通信系统仿真平台并对系统仿真结果进行分析。该部分首先分析了选择SystemView和C语言作为仿真工具的原因,接着详细地给出了无碰撞区跳频通信系统仿真平台各功能模块的具体实现,最后对比分析了不同用户数目,不同信噪比条件下基于RS跳频码与无碰撞区跳频码的跳频通信系统的系统误码率。仿真结果表明,基于无碰撞区跳频码的跳频通信系统在单用户情况下优势并不明显,但在多用户情况下误码率性能有明显改善。
The frequency hopping (FH) communication is widely applied in modern military and civil communications because of its advantages such as anti-jamming, anti-fade, anti-capturing, and multi-access networking etc. Frequency hopper is the key for the FH communication system, while networking is the key for the FH communications to be working properly in the FH system. The No-Hit-Zone (NHZ) hopping code is employed by the frequency hopper of NHZ FH communication systems, which have no hits at all within a predefined correlation zone in the vicinity of zero shift. Since the multi-access interference can be greatly decreased by NHZ code, the quasi-synchronous multiple access scheme is suitable for NHZ FH communications systems.This thesis can be divided into three parts. Firstly, a new structure of NHZ hopping code based on interleave technique is proposed. In this part, the conception of NHZ hopping code and interleave technique are introduced. Then the construction of NHZ hopping code based on interleave technique is presented in details.Secondly, a new quasi-synchronous multiple access scheme based on clock synchronization, which is suitable for NHZ FH communication systems, is put forward. In this part, the principle of multi-access networking is summarized. Then the quasi-synchronous scheme based on synchronous head and self-synchronization is introduced, which is designed by Feng et al. And a new quasi-synchronous multiple access scheme based on clock synchronization is put forward. By comparing these two schemes, it is shown that the new quasi-synchronous multiple access scheme based on clock synchronization is preferable because of its higher speed and less system resource.Thirdly, a simulation platform for NHZ FH communication
本文研究内容可分为三部分:第一部分主要提出了一种新的基于交织技术的无碰撞区跳频码构造方法。该部分首先介绍了无碰撞区跳频码的概念,然后概述了交织技术,最后详细地给出了基于交织技术的无碰撞区跳频码的构造过程。
第二部分主要提出一种新的适用于无碰撞区跳频通信系统的多址接入准同步方案,该部分首先概述了多址接入准同步组网方式的原理,然后介绍了冯莉芳等人提出的基于同步字头法与搜索等待自同步法的准同步方案,接着描述了本文提出的基于参考时钟法的多址接入准同步组网方案,最后对这两种方案的性能进行了详细的分析比较。基于参考时钟法的准同步方案组网速度更快,更节省系统资源。
第三部分主要使用SystemView仿真工具并结合C语言设计了无碰撞区跳频通信系统仿真平台并对系统仿真结果进行分析。该部分首先分析了选择SystemView和C语言作为仿真工具的原因,接着详细地给出了无碰撞区跳频通信系统仿真平台各功能模块的具体实现,最后对比分析了不同用户数目,不同信噪比条件下基于RS跳频码与无碰撞区跳频码的跳频通信系统的系统误码率。仿真结果表明,基于无碰撞区跳频码的跳频通信系统在单用户情况下优势并不明显,但在多用户情况下误码率性能有明显改善。
The frequency hopping (FH) communication is widely applied in modern military and civil communications because of its advantages such as anti-jamming, anti-fade, anti-capturing, and multi-access networking etc. Frequency hopper is the key for the FH communication system, while networking is the key for the FH communications to be working properly in the FH system. The No-Hit-Zone (NHZ) hopping code is employed by the frequency hopper of NHZ FH communication systems, which have no hits at all within a predefined correlation zone in the vicinity of zero shift. Since the multi-access interference can be greatly decreased by NHZ code, the quasi-synchronous multiple access scheme is suitable for NHZ FH communications systems.This thesis can be divided into three parts. Firstly, a new structure of NHZ hopping code based on interleave technique is proposed. In this part, the conception of NHZ hopping code and interleave technique are introduced. Then the construction of NHZ hopping code based on interleave technique is presented in details.Secondly, a new quasi-synchronous multiple access scheme based on clock synchronization, which is suitable for NHZ FH communication systems, is put forward. In this part, the principle of multi-access networking is summarized. Then the quasi-synchronous scheme based on synchronous head and self-synchronization is introduced, which is designed by Feng et al. And a new quasi-synchronous multiple access scheme based on clock synchronization is put forward. By comparing these two schemes, it is shown that the new quasi-synchronous multiple access scheme based on clock synchronization is preferable because of its higher speed and less system resource.Thirdly, a simulation platform for NHZ FH communication
引文
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[37] D. B. Li, "The perspective of large area synchronous CDMA technology for the fourth-generation mobile radio", IEEE Communications Magazine, March 2003, pp.114-118
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[39] N. Suehiro, "A signal design without co-channel interference for approximately synchronized CDMA system", IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., June,1994, Vol.12, pp.837-841
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[42] 冯莉芳,“基于无碰撞区跳频码的跳频通信系统仿真分析”,西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2004.3
[43] 冯莉芳,汪晓宁,叶文霞,彭代渊,“基于无碰撞区码跳频系统准同步组网方案”,西南交通大学学报,2004,6期.
[44] 王秀芳,姜建国,李中雷,“跳频通信系统中频率合成器的研究”,电信科学,2001,11期,pp.61～63.
[45] T. J. Endres, R. B. Hall, A. M. Lopez, "Design and Analysis Methods of a DDS-Based Synthesizer for Military Spaceborne Applications", Frequency Control Symposium, June 1994, IEEE, pp.624～632.
[46] Z. H. Liu, G. S. Lu, "DDS(Direct Digital Synthesizer) technique and its implementation in homing system test equipment", Proceedings of ICSP2000, Qingdao, Shandong, China, 2000, IEEE, pp.1984-1986
[47] K. B. Letaief and D. A. Lee, "A Quick Monte Carlo Technique Technique for Simulating Direct-Deteaion Optical CDMA Communications Systems", IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC93), Geneva, 1993, pp.161-165
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[49] 青松,程岱松,武建华,“数字通信系统SystemView仿真与分析”,北京航空航天大学出版社,2001
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[2] B. Sklar, "Digital Communications Fundamentals and Applications", 2nd edition, Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2002, pp.718-802
[3] R.C. Dixon, "Spread Spectrum Systems", 2nd edition, New York: John Wiley & Sons,1984.
[4] M.I. Skolnik, "Radar Handbook", New York: McGraw-Hill,1989
[5] P. Z. Fan, M. Darnell, "Sequence Design for Communications Applications", Research Studies Press ltd, 1996, pp.337-366
[6] 平良子,“Sincgars-V的发展现状和改进计划”,电信技术研,1997,3期,pp.39-43
[7] 平良子,“JTIDS的发展现状”,电信技术研究,1997,3期,PP.43-47
[8] 郭宗良,“战术跳频电台的发展趋势”,现代通信,2004,4期,pp.21-22
[9] 平良子,“短波高速跳频电台CHESS”,电信技术研究,1995,7期,pp.44～46.
[10] 吴荣光,“外国军用移动通信系统的技术特点”,通信世界,2000年7月28日,pp.32～34.
[11] 冯尚诚,跳频通信对抗技术和系统,电讯技术,1991,31卷4期,pp.59～70
[12] 平良子,台湾的跳频通信,电信技术研究,2000,2期,PP.27～34.
[13] “HF-90H超小型跳频短波电台”,中国无线电原理,2000,5期,pp.39～41.
[14] www.bluetooth.com
[15] http://www.palowireless.com/homerf/
[16] 梅文华,杨义先,周炯槃,跳频序列设计理论的研究进展,通信学报,2003,2期,pp.92～101
[17] 梅文华,杨义先,跳频通信地址编码理论,北京:国防工业出版社,1996,pp.33-164
[18] A. Lempel, H. Greenberger, "Families Sequence With Optimal Hamming Correlation Properties", IEEE Trans on Inform Theory, 1974, vol. IT-20, pp.90-94
[19] M. B. Pursley, "Performance Evaluation for Phase- Coded Spread-Spectrum Multiple-Access Communication-Part Ⅰ: System Analysis", IEEE Trans on communications, 1977, vol. COM-25, NO.8, pp.795～799
[20] M. B. Pursley, "Performance Evaluation for Phase- Coded Spread-Spectrum Multiple-Access Communication-Part Ⅰ: Code Sequence Analysis", IEEE Trans on communications, 1977, vol. COM-25, No.8, pp.800～803
[21] 王育红,“一种基于RS码的跳频码序列的编写方法”,遥测遥控,2002,23卷3期,pp.11～14.
[22] X. N. Wang, P. Z. Fan, "A Class of Frequency Hopping Sequences with No Hit Zone", Proceedings of The Fourth International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing Applications and Technologies. Chengdu, China, August 2003, pp.896-898.
[23] W. X. Ye and P. Z. Fan, "Two Classes of Frequency Hopping Sequences with No-Hit Zone", Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Communications Theory and Applications (ISCTA'2003), Ambleside, U.K, July 2003, pp.304-306
[24] X. Y. Chen, X. N. Wang and P. Z.Fan," Frequency Hopping Sequences with No Hit Zone Derived by Interleaving Technique" Workshop on information Coding and Signal Processing(WICSP' 04), Chengdu, China, September 2004, pp.41-43
[25] G. Gong, "New designs for signal sets with low cross correlation, balance property, and large linear span: GF(p)case", IEEE Trans Inform Theory, 2002,48(11), pp.2847-2867
[26] G. Gong, "Theory and applications of q-ary interleaved sequences", IEEE Trans on Inform Theory, 1995, 41(2), pp.400-411
[27] 李燕斌,“宽带抗干扰通信系统的跳频同步研究及应用”,电讯技术,2002,1期,pp.106～109
[28] 李相东,张金善,“跳频电台的同步技术”,电子工程师,1996,1期,pp.30～35
[29] 汤汉屏,“一种短波移动信道的跳频同步系统”,空军工程大学学报(自然科学版),2001,2卷3期,pp.58～61.
[30] W. D. Li, J. Wang, Y. Yao, "Synchronization Design of Frequency Hopping Communication System", International Conference on Communication Technology(ICCT'98), Beijing, China, October 22-24, 1998,
[31] K. Defly, X. D. WANG, G. Wu, M. Lecours, "Synchronization in FH-MFSK Spread Spectrum Systems", Vehicular Technology Conference, June 1998,IEEE, pp.385～389
[32] 戴敏,“跳频通信技术及其应用与发展”,2000,64期,pp.40～43.
[33] P. Z. Fan, L.Hao, "Generalized Orthogonal Sequences and Their Applications in Synchronous CDMA Systems", IEICE Trans Fundamentals, Vol.E-83, No.11, November 2000, pp.2054～2069.
[34] L. Hao and P. Z. Fan, "Performance Evaluation for a New Quasi-Synchronous CDMA System Employing Generalized Orthogonal Sequences", IEICE Trans on Information and System, Vol.E86-D, No.9, September, 2003, pp.1513-1524.
[35] V. M. Dasilva and E. S. Sousa, "Multicarrier Orthogonal CDMA Signals for Quasi-Synchronous Communication Systems", IEEE J. Select. Areas in Commun., Vol.12, June 1994, pp.842-852.
[36] W. J. V. Houtum, "Quasi-synchronous code-division multiple access with high-order modulation", IEEE Trans on Communications, July 2001,Vol.49, No.7, pp.1240-1249
[37] D. B. Li, "The perspective of large area synchronous CDMA technology for the fourth-generation mobile radio", IEEE Communications Magazine, March 2003, pp.114-118
[38] W. C. Y. Lee, "The most spectrum-efficient duplexing system: CDD", IEEE Communications Magazine, March 2002, pp.163-166.
[39] N. Suehiro, "A signal design without co-channel interference for approximately synchronized CDMA system", IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., June,1994, Vol.12, pp.837-841
[40] B. Q. Long, P. Hang, J. D. Hu, "A generalized QS-CDMA system and the design of new spreading codes", IEEE Trans. VT, 1998, Vol.47,No.4,pp.1268-1275
[41] R. D. Gandenzi, C. Elia, R. Viola, "Bandlimited quasi-synchronous CDMA:A novel satellite access technique for mobile and personal communication system," IEEE J.Sel.Areas Commun.1992,Vol.10,No.2, pp.328-343
[42] 冯莉芳,“基于无碰撞区跳频码的跳频通信系统仿真分析”,西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2004.3
[43] 冯莉芳,汪晓宁,叶文霞,彭代渊,“基于无碰撞区码跳频系统准同步组网方案”,西南交通大学学报,2004,6期.
[44] 王秀芳,姜建国,李中雷,“跳频通信系统中频率合成器的研究”,电信科学,2001,11期,pp.61～63.
[45] T. J. Endres, R. B. Hall, A. M. Lopez, "Design and Analysis Methods of a DDS-Based Synthesizer for Military Spaceborne Applications", Frequency Control Symposium, June 1994, IEEE, pp.624～632.
[46] Z. H. Liu, G. S. Lu, "DDS(Direct Digital Synthesizer) technique and its implementation in homing system test equipment", Proceedings of ICSP2000, Qingdao, Shandong, China, 2000, IEEE, pp.1984-1986
[47] K. B. Letaief and D. A. Lee, "A Quick Monte Carlo Technique Technique for Simulating Direct-Deteaion Optical CDMA Communications Systems", IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC93), Geneva, 1993, pp.161-165
[48] H.Harada, R.Prasad, "Simulation and software radio for mobile communications" Boston: Artech House, 2002
[49] 青松,程岱松,武建华,“数字通信系统SystemView仿真与分析”,北京航空航天大学出版社,2001
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