足底矫形计算机辅助设计输入设备的研究
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摘要
当今世界，科技发展突飞猛进，尤其是边缘科学。随着人们生活水平的提高，人们更加注重自身的健康问题，因此康复医学得到了前所未有的发展。足底矫形器的出现正是康复医学发展的硕果之一。
足底矫形器能减轻足底骨骼肌肉系统的功能障碍，用于矫治足部各种疾患，如踝关节和距骨下关节的炎症、畸形、不稳定，以及扁平足、外翻足、马蹄足、弓形足等。随着我国人民生活质量的不断提高和人口的日益老龄化，除残疾人外，老年人特别是老年妇女的足部疾患已成为一种多发病和常见病。对这种疾病的康复治疗迫在眉睫。
西方发达国家足底矫形器起步较早，技术现已成熟。目前，德国、美国、加拿大、瑞典等国均有商业化系统出售，但价格昂贵。我国起步较晚，加之患者较多，因此，开发一种拥有自己知识产权的足底矫形器设计系统很有必要。
足底矫形器的生产离不开人脚底的信息获取，这正是输入设备所做的工作。输入设备获取足底信息的方式通常有三种：扫描仪、测力板、摄像头。前两种方法目前应用较广，摄像头的应用则较少，正是本文研究的方法。
本文研究了利用摄像头获取脚底图像，再通过软件将所获信息进行必要的图像处理，经中值滤波、Sobel或Kirsch算子边缘检测、亮度调整及反置、图像增强等处理后，得到满意的图像为后续的CAD提供图像数据依据。
本文对摄像头采集的足底受压图像信息进行了处理和分析并与扫描仪的图像处理结果进行了比较，由结果得知摄像头输入方法是一种简单实用的输入方法，且能很好的满足设计要求。
Today, the development of science and technology is progressing by leaps and bounds in the world, especially in boundary science. Along with the raise of people's living standard, people lay stress on the healthy question of self more further. Therefore recovery medical science got the development has never existed before, and the emergence of foot rectification implement is one of rich fruits of recovery medical science.
The foot rectification implement can lighten the function obstacle of thenar skeleton and muscle system, and be used to correct and cure various illness of foot, such as the inflammation, deformity and instability of ankle joint and astragalus, as well as flatfoot, valgus, horse's hoof foot and pes arcuatus etc. Besides disabled person, the foot illness of the old people especially the old women have become one kind of frequently-occurring and common disease along with the continuous improvement of people's life quality and the increasing aging of population in our country. The rehabilitation of this disease is extremely urgent.
The foot rectification implement of western advanced country starts earlier, and the technology is mature at present. Today, countries such as Germany, the United States, Canada and Sweden etc all have the commerce system to sell, but expensive. Our country starts later, in addition patient is more, therefore developing a sort of designing system of that possesses the intimate intellectual property rights is very necessary.
To obtain the information of thenar is indispensable for the production of foot rectification implement, and this is the work that the input equipment will do. Generally the input equipment can procure the thenar information by three kinds of methods: scanner, dynamometry board and video camera. The former two kinds of methods are applied widely at present, but the application of video camera is less, and this is just the method researched in this paper.
This paper studies to get the image of thenar by using a video camera, and carries on the necessary image processing by software with the information captured, and gets the ideal image to provide the image data basis for follow-up CAD after the processing such as median filtering, Sobel or Kirsch's operator edge detection, image reversal and image enhancement etc.
In this paper, the pressed image information of thenar captured by camera have been carried on processing and analyzing, and the result has been compared with that of image acquired by the scanner. From the result, we see that inputting an image by video camera is one kind of simple and practical input method, and can satisfy the design requirement very well.
足底矫形器能减轻足底骨骼肌肉系统的功能障碍，用于矫治足部各种疾患，如踝关节和距骨下关节的炎症、畸形、不稳定，以及扁平足、外翻足、马蹄足、弓形足等。随着我国人民生活质量的不断提高和人口的日益老龄化，除残疾人外，老年人特别是老年妇女的足部疾患已成为一种多发病和常见病。对这种疾病的康复治疗迫在眉睫。
西方发达国家足底矫形器起步较早，技术现已成熟。目前，德国、美国、加拿大、瑞典等国均有商业化系统出售，但价格昂贵。我国起步较晚，加之患者较多，因此，开发一种拥有自己知识产权的足底矫形器设计系统很有必要。
足底矫形器的生产离不开人脚底的信息获取，这正是输入设备所做的工作。输入设备获取足底信息的方式通常有三种：扫描仪、测力板、摄像头。前两种方法目前应用较广，摄像头的应用则较少，正是本文研究的方法。
本文研究了利用摄像头获取脚底图像，再通过软件将所获信息进行必要的图像处理，经中值滤波、Sobel或Kirsch算子边缘检测、亮度调整及反置、图像增强等处理后，得到满意的图像为后续的CAD提供图像数据依据。
本文对摄像头采集的足底受压图像信息进行了处理和分析并与扫描仪的图像处理结果进行了比较，由结果得知摄像头输入方法是一种简单实用的输入方法，且能很好的满足设计要求。
Today, the development of science and technology is progressing by leaps and bounds in the world, especially in boundary science. Along with the raise of people's living standard, people lay stress on the healthy question of self more further. Therefore recovery medical science got the development has never existed before, and the emergence of foot rectification implement is one of rich fruits of recovery medical science.
The foot rectification implement can lighten the function obstacle of thenar skeleton and muscle system, and be used to correct and cure various illness of foot, such as the inflammation, deformity and instability of ankle joint and astragalus, as well as flatfoot, valgus, horse's hoof foot and pes arcuatus etc. Besides disabled person, the foot illness of the old people especially the old women have become one kind of frequently-occurring and common disease along with the continuous improvement of people's life quality and the increasing aging of population in our country. The rehabilitation of this disease is extremely urgent.
The foot rectification implement of western advanced country starts earlier, and the technology is mature at present. Today, countries such as Germany, the United States, Canada and Sweden etc all have the commerce system to sell, but expensive. Our country starts later, in addition patient is more, therefore developing a sort of designing system of that possesses the intimate intellectual property rights is very necessary.
To obtain the information of thenar is indispensable for the production of foot rectification implement, and this is the work that the input equipment will do. Generally the input equipment can procure the thenar information by three kinds of methods: scanner, dynamometry board and video camera. The former two kinds of methods are applied widely at present, but the application of video camera is less, and this is just the method researched in this paper.
This paper studies to get the image of thenar by using a video camera, and carries on the necessary image processing by software with the information captured, and gets the ideal image to provide the image data basis for follow-up CAD after the processing such as median filtering, Sobel or Kirsch's operator edge detection, image reversal and image enhancement etc.
In this paper, the pressed image information of thenar captured by camera have been carried on processing and analyzing, and the result has been compared with that of image acquired by the scanner. From the result, we see that inputting an image by video camera is one kind of simple and practical input method, and can satisfy the design requirement very well.
引文
[1][日]加仓井周一．矫形器学．华夏出版社，1996．5
[2]张桂兰．扫描仪的发展简况及其应用．印前技术，1999，(4)：6-7
[3]张桂兰．扫描仪的分类．印前技术，1999，(5)：3-4
[4][美]SYBILIHRIG·EMILIHRIG．实用图象扫描技术．北京：电子工业出版社，1996．6
[5]李华，孙晓民，李红青，等．MCS-51系列单片机实用接口技术．北京航空航天大学出版社，1993
[6]孙雪山．CCD微型摄像头在中学物理实验中的应用．中国电化教育，1998，(12)：68-69
[7]张维谷．图象文件格式．清华大学出版社，1996．12
[8]向世明．Visual C++数字图像与图形处理．北京：电子工业出版社，2002．3
[9]刘传憬，黄煜，陈晓明．多格式图像程序设计入门．北京：人民邮电出版社，1995．1
[10]何斌，马天予，王运坚，等 Visual C++数字图像处理．北京：人民邮电出版社，2001．4
[11]周孝宽，曹晓光，陈建革，等．实用微机图像处理．北京航空航天大学出版社，1994．10
[12]许国泰，舒嵘，薛永祺．USB2.0在遥感图像采集中的应用．电子技术，2002，(1)：16-19
[13]郭景昌，刘开华，李文元．基于USB总线新型视频监视和会议系统．电子测量技术，2002，(4)：22-23
[14]钟玉琢，乔秉新，李树青．机器人视觉技术．北京：国防工业出版社，1994
[15]阮秋琦．数字图像处理学．北京：电子工业出版社，2001
[16]何东健，杨青．实用图像处理技术．西安：陕西科技出版社，1998，54-56
[17]宋焕生，梁德群，刘春阳．中值类滤波器综述．无线电工程，1996，26(1)：29-30
[18]沈庭芝，方子文．数字图像处理及模式识别．北京：北京理工大学出版社，1998
[19]罗申菲尔特A，卡克AC．数字图像处理．北京：人民邮电出版社，1982
[20]吕明忠，罗鹏，高敦岳．一种基于色差的彩色图像的边缘检测方法．华东理工大学学报，2001，27(5)：561-564
[21]田捷，沙飞，张新生．实用图像分析与处理技术．北京：电子工业出版社，1995．1
[22]陆宗骐，梁诚．用Sobel算子细化边缘．中国图象图形学报，2000，5(6)：516-520
[23]徐建华．图象处理与分析．北京：科学出版社，1992
[24]崔屹．数字图像处理技术及应用．北京：电子工业出版社，1997
[25]张玉姣，史忠科．一种新的车牌识别预处理算法．西北工业大学学报，2002，20(1)：83-86
[26]P.A.Stokseth, Properties of a Defocused Optical System, J.Optical Soc. Amer. 1969,59(10)
[27]Kirsch R.Computer determination of the constituent structure of biological images, computer biomed Res, 1971,4(3):315-328
[28]Kenneth. R. Castleman.数字图像处理．北京：电子工业出版社，1998．9
[29]吕俊白．基于快速Kirsch与边缘点概率分析的边缘提取．计算机应用，2001，21(2)：33-35
[30]李永忠．Kirsch算子的快速算法．西北民族学院学报(自然科学版)，1997，18(1)：10-12
[31]M.Born and E.Wolf, Principles of Optics: Electromagnetic Theory of Propagation, Interference and Diffraction of Light(6th ed.) 1980
[32]D.A.Agard,Y. Hiraoka,P. Shaw, and J.W. Sedat, Fluorescence Microscopy in Three Dimensions. Methods in Cell Biology. 1989,30:353-377
[2]张桂兰．扫描仪的发展简况及其应用．印前技术，1999，(4)：6-7
[3]张桂兰．扫描仪的分类．印前技术，1999，(5)：3-4
[4][美]SYBILIHRIG·EMILIHRIG．实用图象扫描技术．北京：电子工业出版社，1996．6
[5]李华，孙晓民，李红青，等．MCS-51系列单片机实用接口技术．北京航空航天大学出版社，1993
[6]孙雪山．CCD微型摄像头在中学物理实验中的应用．中国电化教育，1998，(12)：68-69
[7]张维谷．图象文件格式．清华大学出版社，1996．12
[8]向世明．Visual C++数字图像与图形处理．北京：电子工业出版社，2002．3
[9]刘传憬，黄煜，陈晓明．多格式图像程序设计入门．北京：人民邮电出版社，1995．1
[10]何斌，马天予，王运坚，等 Visual C++数字图像处理．北京：人民邮电出版社，2001．4
[11]周孝宽，曹晓光，陈建革，等．实用微机图像处理．北京航空航天大学出版社，1994．10
[12]许国泰，舒嵘，薛永祺．USB2.0在遥感图像采集中的应用．电子技术，2002，(1)：16-19
[13]郭景昌，刘开华，李文元．基于USB总线新型视频监视和会议系统．电子测量技术，2002，(4)：22-23
[14]钟玉琢，乔秉新，李树青．机器人视觉技术．北京：国防工业出版社，1994
[15]阮秋琦．数字图像处理学．北京：电子工业出版社，2001
[16]何东健，杨青．实用图像处理技术．西安：陕西科技出版社，1998，54-56
[17]宋焕生，梁德群，刘春阳．中值类滤波器综述．无线电工程，1996，26(1)：29-30
[18]沈庭芝，方子文．数字图像处理及模式识别．北京：北京理工大学出版社，1998
[19]罗申菲尔特A，卡克AC．数字图像处理．北京：人民邮电出版社，1982
[20]吕明忠，罗鹏，高敦岳．一种基于色差的彩色图像的边缘检测方法．华东理工大学学报，2001，27(5)：561-564
[21]田捷，沙飞，张新生．实用图像分析与处理技术．北京：电子工业出版社，1995．1
[22]陆宗骐，梁诚．用Sobel算子细化边缘．中国图象图形学报，2000，5(6)：516-520
[23]徐建华．图象处理与分析．北京：科学出版社，1992
[24]崔屹．数字图像处理技术及应用．北京：电子工业出版社，1997
[25]张玉姣，史忠科．一种新的车牌识别预处理算法．西北工业大学学报，2002，20(1)：83-86
[26]P.A.Stokseth, Properties of a Defocused Optical System, J.Optical Soc. Amer. 1969,59(10)
[27]Kirsch R.Computer determination of the constituent structure of biological images, computer biomed Res, 1971,4(3):315-328
[28]Kenneth. R. Castleman.数字图像处理．北京：电子工业出版社，1998．9
[29]吕俊白．基于快速Kirsch与边缘点概率分析的边缘提取．计算机应用，2001，21(2)：33-35
[30]李永忠．Kirsch算子的快速算法．西北民族学院学报(自然科学版)，1997，18(1)：10-12
[31]M.Born and E.Wolf, Principles of Optics: Electromagnetic Theory of Propagation, Interference and Diffraction of Light(6th ed.) 1980
[32]D.A.Agard,Y. Hiraoka,P. Shaw, and J.W. Sedat, Fluorescence Microscopy in Three Dimensions. Methods in Cell Biology. 1989,30:353-377