基于IEEE 1609部分协议的实现
摘要
智能交通系统综合了信息、通信和计算机等技术,建立起交通管理系统,从而有效地解决了城市交通面临的诸多问题,例如,交通拥堵、安全驾驶、车与车的信息传输等问题。
车联网就是在车辆上安装无线通信设备,这样高速移动的汽车就可以通过无线接入方式获取路况信息,也可以上传与车辆安全相关的信息。通过这种方式可以构建一个以汽车为载体的无线通信网络,例如,车内通信、车外通信、车间通信以及车路通信。为了能够在较短范围内提供高速的数据传输服务,国际上制订了一种专门用于车辆之间进行无线通信的技术,即专用短程通信技术。随着车辆环境无线接入工作组的成立,研究方向从专用短程通信技术转向IEEE802.11p和IEEE1609系列标准。IEEE802.11p标准负责描述车载无线通信的物理层和媒体访问控制层；IEEE1609系列标准主要针对高层协议,满足车对车、车对路的无线通信需求。IEEE1609.1标准主要负责资源管理；IEEE1609.2标准制订了安全机制；IEEE1609.3标准定义了网络服务,包括信息格式以及相关的管理功能,其中WAVE短消息协议可以减少信息传输所花费的时间；IEEE1609.4标准主要用来支持多信道运行,WAVE系统定义了一个控制信道和六个服务信道。
基于IEEE1609系列标准,本论文主要介绍了WAVE协议栈的组成,工作重点是实现网络服务定义的WAVE短消息协议、WAVE服务广播等数据格式以及其它的管理功能,并且设计和实现了WAVE系统的路边单元与车载单元软件,可以实现车辆与路边基础设施之间的信息交互,最终在测试场景中进行了验证。
Intelligent Transportation Systems integrate information, communication and computer technologies, and establish a traffic management system, in order to effectively solve the problems faced by the urban traffic. For example, traffic congestion, safe driving, information transmission of vehicle to vehicle and other issues.
The wireless communication device installed on the vehicle establishes the vehicle networking. Thus, the high-speed moving vehicles can get traffic information through wireless access, and can also upload informations related to vehicle safety. The vehicle networking contains the vehicle interior communication, the vehicle exterior communication, the vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to rideside communication.
Dedicated short-range communication technology is developed specifically for the vehicle wireless communications, and it can provide high-speed data transmission in the short range. With the establishment of the working group of the wireless access in the vehicle environment, the research of dedicated short-range communication technology turns to IEEE802.1lp and IEEE1609family of standards. IEEE802.11p standard is responsible for physical layer and MAC layer of the vehicle wireless communications. IEEE1609family of standards provide high-layer specisifications for the vehicles to vehicle and the vehicle to roadside communication.
IEEE1609.1standard is responsible for resource management. IEEE1609.2standard defines a safety mechanism. IEEE1609.3standard is responsible for the network services, including the communication protocol and the related management function, such as WAVE short message protocol which reduce the time spent by the information transmission. IEEE1609.4standard used to support multi-channel operation, and a WAVE system contains a control channel and six service channels.
Based on the IEEE1609family of standards, this paper describes the WAVE protocol stack. My work focus on the implementation of the WAVE Short Message Protocol, the WAVE service advertisement and other data formats, as well as the management functions defined in the network services. I design and achieve the RSU and OBU applications of the WAVE system to implement the information exchange between the vehicle and the roadside infrastructure.
车联网就是在车辆上安装无线通信设备,这样高速移动的汽车就可以通过无线接入方式获取路况信息,也可以上传与车辆安全相关的信息。通过这种方式可以构建一个以汽车为载体的无线通信网络,例如,车内通信、车外通信、车间通信以及车路通信。为了能够在较短范围内提供高速的数据传输服务,国际上制订了一种专门用于车辆之间进行无线通信的技术,即专用短程通信技术。随着车辆环境无线接入工作组的成立,研究方向从专用短程通信技术转向IEEE802.11p和IEEE1609系列标准。IEEE802.11p标准负责描述车载无线通信的物理层和媒体访问控制层；IEEE1609系列标准主要针对高层协议,满足车对车、车对路的无线通信需求。IEEE1609.1标准主要负责资源管理；IEEE1609.2标准制订了安全机制；IEEE1609.3标准定义了网络服务,包括信息格式以及相关的管理功能,其中WAVE短消息协议可以减少信息传输所花费的时间；IEEE1609.4标准主要用来支持多信道运行,WAVE系统定义了一个控制信道和六个服务信道。
基于IEEE1609系列标准,本论文主要介绍了WAVE协议栈的组成,工作重点是实现网络服务定义的WAVE短消息协议、WAVE服务广播等数据格式以及其它的管理功能,并且设计和实现了WAVE系统的路边单元与车载单元软件,可以实现车辆与路边基础设施之间的信息交互,最终在测试场景中进行了验证。
Intelligent Transportation Systems integrate information, communication and computer technologies, and establish a traffic management system, in order to effectively solve the problems faced by the urban traffic. For example, traffic congestion, safe driving, information transmission of vehicle to vehicle and other issues.
The wireless communication device installed on the vehicle establishes the vehicle networking. Thus, the high-speed moving vehicles can get traffic information through wireless access, and can also upload informations related to vehicle safety. The vehicle networking contains the vehicle interior communication, the vehicle exterior communication, the vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to rideside communication.
Dedicated short-range communication technology is developed specifically for the vehicle wireless communications, and it can provide high-speed data transmission in the short range. With the establishment of the working group of the wireless access in the vehicle environment, the research of dedicated short-range communication technology turns to IEEE802.1lp and IEEE1609family of standards. IEEE802.11p standard is responsible for physical layer and MAC layer of the vehicle wireless communications. IEEE1609family of standards provide high-layer specisifications for the vehicles to vehicle and the vehicle to roadside communication.
IEEE1609.1standard is responsible for resource management. IEEE1609.2standard defines a safety mechanism. IEEE1609.3standard is responsible for the network services, including the communication protocol and the related management function, such as WAVE short message protocol which reduce the time spent by the information transmission. IEEE1609.4standard used to support multi-channel operation, and a WAVE system contains a control channel and six service channels.
Based on the IEEE1609family of standards, this paper describes the WAVE protocol stack. My work focus on the implementation of the WAVE Short Message Protocol, the WAVE service advertisement and other data formats, as well as the management functions defined in the network services. I design and achieve the RSU and OBU applications of the WAVE system to implement the information exchange between the vehicle and the roadside infrastructure.
引文
[1]王焕颖.应用于二代城市道路拥堵收费系统的WAVE中网络层技术研究[学位论文].北京交通大学,2012.
[2]温双.汽车消费及其在我国经济增长中的作用研究[学位论文].郑州大学,2009.
[3]詹源.WAVE下基于RPR切换技术的车联网系统研究与设计[学位论文].浙江大学,2012.
[4]李海元.车载无线通讯技术的应用及发展前景[J].山西电子技术,2009,1期.
[5]李军.DSRC技术原理及其应用[J].黑龙江交通科技,2008,12.
[6]罗涛.车辆无线通信网络及其应用[J].中兴通讯技术,20ll,17(3).
[7]拿浩.车载自组网数据传输控制机制研究[学位论文].重庆交通大学,2011.
[8]王晓兰Wi-Fi热点无线生活[J].中国科技财富,2003,6.
[9]赵骅.关于Linux平台下无线局域网安全性技术的探讨[J].中国电子商务,2010,10。
[10]吴其林IEEE 802.11 DCF协议的非同步退避建模.与分析[J].应用科学学报,2010.3.
[11]杜英田.基于IEEE802.11p/1609协议的智能交通无线车载通信协议优化研究[学位论文].北京邮电大学,2011,1.
[12]朱容波.宽带无线局域网QoS研究[学位论文].上海交通大学,2006.
[13]李露IEEE 1609无线通信标准概述[J].科协论坛,2011,1(7)：49-50.
[14]柳兴.基于车载无线局域网的定位算法研究[学位论文].重庆邮电大学,2010.
[15]IEEE Vehicular Technology Society, IEEE Std 1609.1TM-2006. IEEE Trial-Use Standard for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE)-Resource Manager[S]. New York:The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2006.
[16]IEEE Vehicular Technology Society, IEEE Std 1609.2TM-2006. IEEE Trial-Use Standard for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments-Security Services for Applications and Management Messages[S]. New York:The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,2006.
[17]刘婧VANET中信息感知和分发技术的研究[学位论文].山东师范大学,2012.
[18]IEEE Vehicular Technology Society, IEEE Std 1609.3TM-2010. IEEE Standard for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE)-Networking Services[S]. New York:The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2010.
[19]吴超.基于ECMA-368标准的超宽带系统MAC层的设计方案[J].广东通信技术,2008,10.
[20]IEEE Vehicular Technology Society, IEEE Std 1609.4TM-2010. IEEE Standard for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE)-Multi-channel Operation[S]. New York:The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2010.
[21]Abrahan Silberschatz, Peter Baer Galvin, Greg Gagne, "Operating System Concepts(6th Edition)"[M], John Wiley & Sons, Inc,2002.
[22]郑巍,许旻鸿.开源软件Linux内核的进化分析[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2007,35(9)：74-77.
[23]Debbabi, M., Mourad, A., Talhi, C. et aLAccelerating embedded Java for mobile devices[J]. IEEE Communications Magazine,2005,43(9):80-85.
[24]C. Pedraza, J. Castillo, J.I. Martinez et al.Self-reconfigurable secure file system for embedded Linux[J]. IET computers & amp; digital techniques,2008,2(6): 461-470.DOI:10.1049/iet-cdt:20070131.
[25]Xiao Wan'ang, FangZhi, Shi Yin, "THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTAION OF THE IEEE802.11 MAC BASED ON SOFT. CORE PROCESSOR AND RTOS" [J], Journal of Electronics (China),2007.
[26]龙翔.嵌入式Linux下网卡设备驱动与网络协议栈的设计实现[D].东南大学,2008.
[27]秦娟.嵌入式Linux的调试及设备驱动的开发[D].天津理工大学,2006.
[28]Klaus Wehrle, Frank Pahlke, "Design and Implementation of Network Protocols in the Linux Kernel"[M], Prentice Hall,2004.
[29]Zanetti. Guido Piero, Palazzi, Claudio Enrico. Non-invasive node detection in IEEE 802.11 wireless networks[C].//2010 IFIP Wireless Days.2010:1-5.
[30]Goran Panic, Daniel Dietterle. "A System-on-Chip Implementation of the IEEE 802.11a MAC Layer" [J], IEEE Computer Society,2003.
[31]王枫,罗家融Linux下多线程Socket通讯的研究与应用[J].计算机工程与应用,2004,40(16)：106-109.
[32]石天磊.一种用于ITS中安全应用的高效广播协议(OVB-CAST)的设计与实 现[D].华东师范大学,2009.
[2]温双.汽车消费及其在我国经济增长中的作用研究[学位论文].郑州大学,2009.
[3]詹源.WAVE下基于RPR切换技术的车联网系统研究与设计[学位论文].浙江大学,2012.
[4]李海元.车载无线通讯技术的应用及发展前景[J].山西电子技术,2009,1期.
[5]李军.DSRC技术原理及其应用[J].黑龙江交通科技,2008,12.
[6]罗涛.车辆无线通信网络及其应用[J].中兴通讯技术,20ll,17(3).
[7]拿浩.车载自组网数据传输控制机制研究[学位论文].重庆交通大学,2011.
[8]王晓兰Wi-Fi热点无线生活[J].中国科技财富,2003,6.
[9]赵骅.关于Linux平台下无线局域网安全性技术的探讨[J].中国电子商务,2010,10。
[10]吴其林IEEE 802.11 DCF协议的非同步退避建模.与分析[J].应用科学学报,2010.3.
[11]杜英田.基于IEEE802.11p/1609协议的智能交通无线车载通信协议优化研究[学位论文].北京邮电大学,2011,1.
[12]朱容波.宽带无线局域网QoS研究[学位论文].上海交通大学,2006.
[13]李露IEEE 1609无线通信标准概述[J].科协论坛,2011,1(7)：49-50.
[14]柳兴.基于车载无线局域网的定位算法研究[学位论文].重庆邮电大学,2010.
[15]IEEE Vehicular Technology Society, IEEE Std 1609.1TM-2006. IEEE Trial-Use Standard for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE)-Resource Manager[S]. New York:The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2006.
[16]IEEE Vehicular Technology Society, IEEE Std 1609.2TM-2006. IEEE Trial-Use Standard for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments-Security Services for Applications and Management Messages[S]. New York:The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,2006.
[17]刘婧VANET中信息感知和分发技术的研究[学位论文].山东师范大学,2012.
[18]IEEE Vehicular Technology Society, IEEE Std 1609.3TM-2010. IEEE Standard for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE)-Networking Services[S]. New York:The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2010.
[19]吴超.基于ECMA-368标准的超宽带系统MAC层的设计方案[J].广东通信技术,2008,10.
[20]IEEE Vehicular Technology Society, IEEE Std 1609.4TM-2010. IEEE Standard for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE)-Multi-channel Operation[S]. New York:The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2010.
[21]Abrahan Silberschatz, Peter Baer Galvin, Greg Gagne, "Operating System Concepts(6th Edition)"[M], John Wiley & Sons, Inc,2002.
[22]郑巍,许旻鸿.开源软件Linux内核的进化分析[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2007,35(9)：74-77.
[23]Debbabi, M., Mourad, A., Talhi, C. et aLAccelerating embedded Java for mobile devices[J]. IEEE Communications Magazine,2005,43(9):80-85.
[24]C. Pedraza, J. Castillo, J.I. Martinez et al.Self-reconfigurable secure file system for embedded Linux[J]. IET computers & amp; digital techniques,2008,2(6): 461-470.DOI:10.1049/iet-cdt:20070131.
[25]Xiao Wan'ang, FangZhi, Shi Yin, "THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTAION OF THE IEEE802.11 MAC BASED ON SOFT. CORE PROCESSOR AND RTOS" [J], Journal of Electronics (China),2007.
[26]龙翔.嵌入式Linux下网卡设备驱动与网络协议栈的设计实现[D].东南大学,2008.
[27]秦娟.嵌入式Linux的调试及设备驱动的开发[D].天津理工大学,2006.
[28]Klaus Wehrle, Frank Pahlke, "Design and Implementation of Network Protocols in the Linux Kernel"[M], Prentice Hall,2004.
[29]Zanetti. Guido Piero, Palazzi, Claudio Enrico. Non-invasive node detection in IEEE 802.11 wireless networks[C].//2010 IFIP Wireless Days.2010:1-5.
[30]Goran Panic, Daniel Dietterle. "A System-on-Chip Implementation of the IEEE 802.11a MAC Layer" [J], IEEE Computer Society,2003.
[31]王枫,罗家融Linux下多线程Socket通讯的研究与应用[J].计算机工程与应用,2004,40(16)：106-109.
[32]石天磊.一种用于ITS中安全应用的高效广播协议(OVB-CAST)的设计与实 现[D].华东师范大学,2009.