基于公网的差分GPS技术
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摘要
随着GPS技术的发展和完善，应用领域的进一步开拓，产生了一系列与GPS定位技术相关的研究热点，其中之一便是车载监控系统。在GPS定位技术中由于定位精度不能满足要求，从而应运而生差分GPS技术，这项技术的运用使得定位精度大大提高。
本文在已经开发出的车载监控系统的基础上，研究差分GPS技术，并以公网和移动通信网为数据传输链路，提高车载监控系统的定位精度，以满足用户对定位精度要求。本文对差分GPS技术的理论作了研究，包括测量误差、定位原理以及差分选型。在对差分系统的全面分析把握的基础上提出了系统的设计方案。根据设计的要求，完成了一系列的前期准备工作，包括对基准站坐标的测定、PC机与GPS的串口通信以及思考并解决了公网数据传输中遇到的部分问题等。最后根据差分算法按照差分系统的模型、功能，设计了差分系统的实现软件，并且得到了相应的差分数据和监控对象的修正位置坐标。很好的实现了预定的目标。
With development and improvement of GPS technology as well as the further exploration of application domains, it come into being a series of research hotspots which is related to the GPS positioning technology as the vehicle monitoring system being one of them. Due to the fact the accuracy of GPS positioning technology can not meet the requirements, differential GPS positioning technology came into being. The adoption of this technology makes the positioning accuracy greatly improved.
Based on the vehicle monitoring system which has been developed, this paper has studied the differential GPS positioning technology with Internet and mobile communications network as data transmission links in order to improve accuracy of positioning and meet user's requirements for positioning accuracy. In this paper, we have studied the differential GPS technology theories, including measurement error, positioning theory and differential GPS positioning selection, and proposed the systematic design program on the basis of the comprehensive grasp of differential GPS positioning system. According to the design requirements, we have completed a series of preparatory work, including the test of coordinates of the base station, serial communication between PC and GPS, and some problems in the Internet data transmission that has been solved. Finally, in light of differential algorithm and model and functions of differential system, we have designed the software to realize differential system, get the differential data, and amendment coordinates of monitoring target with the result of achieving preset goal.
本文在已经开发出的车载监控系统的基础上，研究差分GPS技术，并以公网和移动通信网为数据传输链路，提高车载监控系统的定位精度，以满足用户对定位精度要求。本文对差分GPS技术的理论作了研究，包括测量误差、定位原理以及差分选型。在对差分系统的全面分析把握的基础上提出了系统的设计方案。根据设计的要求，完成了一系列的前期准备工作，包括对基准站坐标的测定、PC机与GPS的串口通信以及思考并解决了公网数据传输中遇到的部分问题等。最后根据差分算法按照差分系统的模型、功能，设计了差分系统的实现软件，并且得到了相应的差分数据和监控对象的修正位置坐标。很好的实现了预定的目标。
With development and improvement of GPS technology as well as the further exploration of application domains, it come into being a series of research hotspots which is related to the GPS positioning technology as the vehicle monitoring system being one of them. Due to the fact the accuracy of GPS positioning technology can not meet the requirements, differential GPS positioning technology came into being. The adoption of this technology makes the positioning accuracy greatly improved.
Based on the vehicle monitoring system which has been developed, this paper has studied the differential GPS positioning technology with Internet and mobile communications network as data transmission links in order to improve accuracy of positioning and meet user's requirements for positioning accuracy. In this paper, we have studied the differential GPS technology theories, including measurement error, positioning theory and differential GPS positioning selection, and proposed the systematic design program on the basis of the comprehensive grasp of differential GPS positioning system. According to the design requirements, we have completed a series of preparatory work, including the test of coordinates of the base station, serial communication between PC and GPS, and some problems in the Internet data transmission that has been solved. Finally, in light of differential algorithm and model and functions of differential system, we have designed the software to realize differential system, get the differential data, and amendment coordinates of monitoring target with the result of achieving preset goal.
引文
1 李天文．GPS原理及应用．北京：科学出版社，2003
2 刘基余．GPS卫星导航定位原理与方法．北京：科学出版社，2003
3 熊志昂，李瑞红．GPS技术与工程应用．北京：国防工业出版社，2005
4 刘大杰，施一民，过静裙．全球定位系统(GPS)的原理与数据处理．上海：同济大学出版社，1999
5 王惠南．GPS导航原理与应用．北京：科学出版社，2003
6 高成法，万德钧．DGPS车载导航系统中基准站坐标的测定．中国惯性技术学报，2003，11(5)
7 钱天爵，瞿学林．GPS全球定位系统及其应用．北京：海潮出版社，1993
8 李洪涛，许国昌，薛鸿印．GPS应用程序设计．北京：科学出版社，2000
9 王广运，郭秉义，李洪涛．差分GPS定位技术与应用．北京：电子工业出版社，1996．
10 夏熙梅．差分GPS定位技术及应用．现代情报，2002(3)
11 郝云芳．GPRS的网络结构与接口信令研究．西安邮电学院学报，2002，7(1)
12 冯华．Visual C++数据库开发技巧与实例．北京：机械工业出版社．2000
13 袁安存．美国国家差分GPS网．中国电子协会导航分会导航杂志，2002
14 张淑芳，袁安存．位置差分GPS定位系统．大连海事大学学报，2002
15 张守信．GPS卫星测量定位理论与应用．长沙：国防科技大学出版社，1996．
16 牛鱼龙．GPS知识与应用．广东：海天出版社，2005
17 丘致和，王万义．GPS原理与应用．北京：电子工业出版社，2002
18 朱庄生、万德钧、王庆、张小国．GPS车辆监控系统存在问题的探讨及解决方案．中国工程科学，2003(9)
19 吴卫峰、过静裙、聂志锋、卢建刚．关于GPS监控系统通信网络“数据链”技术．测绘通报．2002(10)
20 魏子卿，葛茂荣．GPS相对定位的数学模型．北京：测绘出版社
21 李娟．GPS差分基准站．测控技术，2005(12)
22 李宗标、Bakir Mohatmned，蒋传纪．计算机与GPS的通信技术．测控技术，2001(9)
23 宋茂忠．提高GPS定位精度的数据处理技术．数据采集与处理，2001年6月(2)
24 龚国辉、李思昆．实时GPS卫星信号采集系统的设计与实现．计算机应用研究，2000(1)
25 赵起文，杨庆岩，杜力．伪距差分GPS系统应用研究．导航，1995(4)
26 谭浩强．C程序设计．北京：清华大学出版社，1999．
27 谭浩强．C程序设计题解与上机指导．北京：清华大学出版社，1992
28 吕捷，张力军．GPRS技术．北京：北京邮电大学出版社，2001
29 Ding Shengxi, Zhang Qishan. Research on the Methods Positioning Precision. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics of Improving DGPS. 2000, 13 (4).
30 Deng Qiang, Huang Shunji. Design and Evaluation of GPS Code Pseudorange Smoothing Algorithm Based on Carrier Observables. Journal of UEST of China. 1997,26 (1).
31 Keith C.Clarke. Cartography in Mobile Internet Age. International Cartography Conferenct 2001. 2001(12).
32 P .J. G. Teunissen. The least-square ambiguity decorrelation adjustment:a method for fast GPS integer ambiguity estimation. Journal of Geodesy. 1995
33 RTCM Special Comitee NO.104. RTCM Recommended Standards For Differential GNSS.Radio Technical Commission For Maritime Services. 1998
34 Andreas Bagge. DGPS at a Formats 2.0. http//www.geopp.de. 2002,11
35 Loomis P, Kremer G. Correction Algorithm for Differential GPS Reference Stations. Navigation: Journal of The Institue of Navigation. 1989
36 Gerhard Wubbena. Andreas Bagge. RTCM Message Type 59-FKP for transmission of FKP. http://www.geopp.de
37 Weng Zheng, V.0.Shanholtz. Data Model for Spatial Information Systems. ASAE Summer Meeting. 1992
38 P.J.G. Teunissen, Precision, volume and Eigen spectra for GPS ambiguity estimation based on the time-average satellite geometry. Journal of Geodesy. 1996(71)
39 GPS Receiver Interface Language (GRIL) .Javad Positioning Systems. Version 1.8. 1998
40 Rtcm Special Comittee.NO. 104,RTCM Recommended Standards for Differential NAVSTAR GPS SERIVE. 1990(1)
41 Technical Characteristics of the NAVSTARG PS. 1991(6)
42 Navstar GPS Space Segment/Navigation User's Interface. Arinc research corporation. 1997
43 James Bao-Yen. Fundamentals of Global Positioning System Receivers Software Approach. New York: Wiley Inter-Science. 2000(1)
44 Xin-xiang JIN. Theory of Carrier Adjusted DGPS Positioning Approach and Some Experimental Results. Delft University. 1996
45 Jay Farrell, Tony Givargis. Differential GPS Reference Station Algorithm-Design and Analysis
2 刘基余．GPS卫星导航定位原理与方法．北京：科学出版社，2003
3 熊志昂，李瑞红．GPS技术与工程应用．北京：国防工业出版社，2005
4 刘大杰，施一民，过静裙．全球定位系统(GPS)的原理与数据处理．上海：同济大学出版社，1999
5 王惠南．GPS导航原理与应用．北京：科学出版社，2003
6 高成法，万德钧．DGPS车载导航系统中基准站坐标的测定．中国惯性技术学报，2003，11(5)
7 钱天爵，瞿学林．GPS全球定位系统及其应用．北京：海潮出版社，1993
8 李洪涛，许国昌，薛鸿印．GPS应用程序设计．北京：科学出版社，2000
9 王广运，郭秉义，李洪涛．差分GPS定位技术与应用．北京：电子工业出版社，1996．
10 夏熙梅．差分GPS定位技术及应用．现代情报，2002(3)
11 郝云芳．GPRS的网络结构与接口信令研究．西安邮电学院学报，2002，7(1)
12 冯华．Visual C++数据库开发技巧与实例．北京：机械工业出版社．2000
13 袁安存．美国国家差分GPS网．中国电子协会导航分会导航杂志，2002
14 张淑芳，袁安存．位置差分GPS定位系统．大连海事大学学报，2002
15 张守信．GPS卫星测量定位理论与应用．长沙：国防科技大学出版社，1996．
16 牛鱼龙．GPS知识与应用．广东：海天出版社，2005
17 丘致和，王万义．GPS原理与应用．北京：电子工业出版社，2002
18 朱庄生、万德钧、王庆、张小国．GPS车辆监控系统存在问题的探讨及解决方案．中国工程科学，2003(9)
19 吴卫峰、过静裙、聂志锋、卢建刚．关于GPS监控系统通信网络“数据链”技术．测绘通报．2002(10)
20 魏子卿，葛茂荣．GPS相对定位的数学模型．北京：测绘出版社
21 李娟．GPS差分基准站．测控技术，2005(12)
22 李宗标、Bakir Mohatmned，蒋传纪．计算机与GPS的通信技术．测控技术，2001(9)
23 宋茂忠．提高GPS定位精度的数据处理技术．数据采集与处理，2001年6月(2)
24 龚国辉、李思昆．实时GPS卫星信号采集系统的设计与实现．计算机应用研究，2000(1)
25 赵起文，杨庆岩，杜力．伪距差分GPS系统应用研究．导航，1995(4)
26 谭浩强．C程序设计．北京：清华大学出版社，1999．
27 谭浩强．C程序设计题解与上机指导．北京：清华大学出版社，1992
28 吕捷，张力军．GPRS技术．北京：北京邮电大学出版社，2001
29 Ding Shengxi, Zhang Qishan. Research on the Methods Positioning Precision. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics of Improving DGPS. 2000, 13 (4).
30 Deng Qiang, Huang Shunji. Design and Evaluation of GPS Code Pseudorange Smoothing Algorithm Based on Carrier Observables. Journal of UEST of China. 1997,26 (1).
31 Keith C.Clarke. Cartography in Mobile Internet Age. International Cartography Conferenct 2001. 2001(12).
32 P .J. G. Teunissen. The least-square ambiguity decorrelation adjustment:a method for fast GPS integer ambiguity estimation. Journal of Geodesy. 1995
33 RTCM Special Comitee NO.104. RTCM Recommended Standards For Differential GNSS.Radio Technical Commission For Maritime Services. 1998
34 Andreas Bagge. DGPS at a Formats 2.0. http//www.geopp.de. 2002,11
35 Loomis P, Kremer G. Correction Algorithm for Differential GPS Reference Stations. Navigation: Journal of The Institue of Navigation. 1989
36 Gerhard Wubbena. Andreas Bagge. RTCM Message Type 59-FKP for transmission of FKP. http://www.geopp.de
37 Weng Zheng, V.0.Shanholtz. Data Model for Spatial Information Systems. ASAE Summer Meeting. 1992
38 P.J.G. Teunissen, Precision, volume and Eigen spectra for GPS ambiguity estimation based on the time-average satellite geometry. Journal of Geodesy. 1996(71)
39 GPS Receiver Interface Language (GRIL) .Javad Positioning Systems. Version 1.8. 1998
40 Rtcm Special Comittee.NO. 104,RTCM Recommended Standards for Differential NAVSTAR GPS SERIVE. 1990(1)
41 Technical Characteristics of the NAVSTARG PS. 1991(6)
42 Navstar GPS Space Segment/Navigation User's Interface. Arinc research corporation. 1997
43 James Bao-Yen. Fundamentals of Global Positioning System Receivers Software Approach. New York: Wiley Inter-Science. 2000(1)
44 Xin-xiang JIN. Theory of Carrier Adjusted DGPS Positioning Approach and Some Experimental Results. Delft University. 1996
45 Jay Farrell, Tony Givargis. Differential GPS Reference Station Algorithm-Design and Analysis