车载定位系统中电子地图的制作及地图匹配
摘要
车辆定位技术是智能导航技术中诸如:车辆导航,车辆调度,车辆交通管理的基础。只有准确,实时地提供车辆的位置,才能做到对车辆高效率的管理调度。而智能导航技术,对解决目前存在的交通拥堵,事故频繁,环境污染等问题发挥着重要的作用。因此,寻找一种精确的车辆定位方法对于改善交通状况,减少事故发生,减少污染有着重要的实际意义。
本文针对车辆定位技术所做的工作分为两部分:电子地图的制作和地图匹配算法的设计。
在电子地图的制作上,采取了自行开发电子地图的方法。现行的定位系统大多采用二次开发的方法开发电子地图,就是使用专业地图软件公司做好了的地图控件开发地图。用这种方法系统运行效率较低,而且没有自主地图版权。采用自行开发的电子地图能够实现和系统的无缝连接,系统效率提高,地图数据所占空间减小。这在某些特定的环境下是非常有意义的。
在地图匹配算法的开发上,使用了一种改进的基于模糊神经网络的匹配算法。与一般的匹配算法相比,本算法不仅减小了程序的运算量,又能保证匹配的准确性。
本文将首先介绍电子地图的开发过程,然后介绍本匹配算法的原理。
Vehicle location technique is the base of intelligent navigation technique such as vehicle navigation, vehicle scheduling and vehicle transport management. Only accurate and real-time vehicle location can provide an efficient vehicle management and vehicle scheduling. And Intelligent Navigation technique is the solution to the problems such as traffic jam, traffic accidents, and pollution. So, seek a accurate vehicle location method is very important and practical to improve traffic condition, reduce traffic accidents, reduce pollution.
This paper did two jobs about Vehicle Location: developing digital map and designing a map matching algorithm.
On the digital map developing part, we develop our digital map all by ourselves. The actual vehicle location system mostly use the digital map developed by professional map company. Use this way, the system has low efficiency, and developers do not have the copyright. Use the digital map developed by yourself can achieve seamless connection between the map and system. And the system will has a high efficiency, and require less map storage space.
On the map matching part, we used a map matching algorithm based on fuzzy neural network. The actual map matching methods are either too simple, have low matching accuracy, or too complicated, have too much operation, lower the real time performance. Compared with normal algorithms, our method not only reduced the computation but also guarantee the matching accuracy.
In this paper we will introduce the process of the developing of the digital map, and then introduce our map matching algorithm.
本文针对车辆定位技术所做的工作分为两部分:电子地图的制作和地图匹配算法的设计。
在电子地图的制作上,采取了自行开发电子地图的方法。现行的定位系统大多采用二次开发的方法开发电子地图,就是使用专业地图软件公司做好了的地图控件开发地图。用这种方法系统运行效率较低,而且没有自主地图版权。采用自行开发的电子地图能够实现和系统的无缝连接,系统效率提高,地图数据所占空间减小。这在某些特定的环境下是非常有意义的。
在地图匹配算法的开发上,使用了一种改进的基于模糊神经网络的匹配算法。与一般的匹配算法相比,本算法不仅减小了程序的运算量,又能保证匹配的准确性。
本文将首先介绍电子地图的开发过程,然后介绍本匹配算法的原理。
Vehicle location technique is the base of intelligent navigation technique such as vehicle navigation, vehicle scheduling and vehicle transport management. Only accurate and real-time vehicle location can provide an efficient vehicle management and vehicle scheduling. And Intelligent Navigation technique is the solution to the problems such as traffic jam, traffic accidents, and pollution. So, seek a accurate vehicle location method is very important and practical to improve traffic condition, reduce traffic accidents, reduce pollution.
This paper did two jobs about Vehicle Location: developing digital map and designing a map matching algorithm.
On the digital map developing part, we develop our digital map all by ourselves. The actual vehicle location system mostly use the digital map developed by professional map company. Use this way, the system has low efficiency, and developers do not have the copyright. Use the digital map developed by yourself can achieve seamless connection between the map and system. And the system will has a high efficiency, and require less map storage space.
On the map matching part, we used a map matching algorithm based on fuzzy neural network. The actual map matching methods are either too simple, have low matching accuracy, or too complicated, have too much operation, lower the real time performance. Compared with normal algorithms, our method not only reduced the computation but also guarantee the matching accuracy.
In this paper we will introduce the process of the developing of the digital map, and then introduce our map matching algorithm.
引文
[1] 艾自兴,龙毅.计算机地图制图[M]. 武汉大学出版社,2005
[2] 徐绍铨,张华海,杨志强,王泽民. GPS 测量原理及应用[M] 武汉大学出版社,2001
[3] 胡友健. 全球定位系统(GPS)原理与应用[M]. 中国地质大学出版社,2003
[4] 余志文,邬永宏. 浅谈智能交通中的电子地图[J]. 海南师范学院学报(自然科学版) 2002 ,15 (2):23-26
[5] 李曙光,荆便顾等. 交通电子地图设计和制作[J]. 西安公路交通大学学报.,2001,1
[6] 石磊. GPS 车辆监控系统研究及电子地图的制作应用[D]. 华中科技大学硕士学位论文,2004
[7] 张新颜. 军用电子地图制作与应用软件系统及部分软件模块实现[D]. 中国人民解放军信息工程大学硕士学位论文,2002
[8] 徐新. 基于 MapX 的便携式定位系统中远程监控平台的设计与实现[D].武汉科技大学硕士学位论文.2006
[9] 王维虎. 基于 GIS 的城市网格坐标数码地图(CGCDM)的设计与应用[D]. 华中师范大学硕士学位论文,2007
[10] 何玲. 一种手持式 GPS 接收机的研究与开发[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2007
[11] 周长征. 车载 GPS/GPRS 实时定位系统关键技术研究[D] .武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2007
[12] 饶俊. 基于 gpsOne 的智能车载定位终端的研究[D] 武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2007
[13] 贾振波. 基于 ARM 的车载 GPS 系统的研究[D].中国农业大学硕士学位论文,2007
[14] 张旭. GPS 载波相位定位算法研究与仿真[D].哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文,2007
[15] 韩敏艳. 车辆监控系统研究与设计[D].哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文,2007
[16] 常虹. 全球卫星定位列车调度系统车载台设计[D]. 武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2007
[17] 黄肇毅等. ITS 对国内城市交通规划影响的探讨[J].城市规划. 1999,6(23):60-64
[18] 张至清等. 智能交通系统研究综述[J]. 东北林业大学学报.1999,1(27):34-37
[19] 段里仁.再论智能交通系统在我国交通管理中的应用[J].交通运输系统工程与信息2001,8(11):14-17
[20] 尚刚. 智能交通系统(ITS)在日本的发展综述[J]. 华东公路. 1999,9(3): 62-65
[21] 边远明等. 智能交通系统(ITS)及其发展[J].武汉理工大学学报信息与管理工程版,2001,3(23):67-70
[22] MICHAEL SHAW. The DoD: Stewards of a Global Information Resource[J],the Navstar Global Positioning System,Proceeding of The IEEE. VOL 87 No.1 JANUARY 1999 16-23
[23] Perenge. Scanning the Issue/Technology[J],Proceeding of The IEEE.VOL87 No.1 January 1999 5-15
[24] I.A.Geting. The Global Positioning System[J]. IEEE spectrum,VOL30 No.12 December 1993, 36-47
[25] ERIC ABBOT. Land-Vehicle Navigation Using GPS[J]. Proceeding of The IEEE.VOL87 No.1 January 19991 45 162
[26] Sinn Kim. Jong-Hwan Kim. Q-factor Map Matching Method Using Adaptive Fuzzy Network[J]. IEEE International Fuzzy Systems Conference Proceedings,1999.
[27] Sinn Kim. Jong-Hwan Kim, Adaptive Fuzzy-network-based C-measure Map-matching Algorithm for Car Navigation System [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2001,4
[28] Scorer AG.. Vehicle Tracking and Security[J]. The Journal of navigation,1998,52(2):170-179
[29] Philip G. Mats. Integrated GPS and Dead Reckoning for Low-Cost Vehicle Navigation and Tracking[J]. IEEE Vehicle Navigation&Information Systems Conference Proceedings,1994: 567-574
[30] Kashani H R. Saridis G N. Intelligent for Urban Trafic System[J]. Automatics, 1983,19(2):191-197
[31] Dr. J. P Lowenau, Dr. P.J. Th. Venhovens , Dr. J. H.Bernasch, Advanced Vehicle Navigation applied in the BMW Real Time Light Sintmulation[J]. The Journal of navigation. 2000,Spring:30-41
[32] W.Y Ochieng. Advanced Transport Telematics Positioning Requirements:An Assessment of GPS Performance in Greater London[J]. The Journal of navigation,2000,Spring:342-355
[33] Bob Cleary. Satellite Communications and Fleet Management-An Integrated Approach to the Road Transport Industry[J]. The Journal of navigation, 1999,Summer:20-24
[2] 徐绍铨,张华海,杨志强,王泽民. GPS 测量原理及应用[M] 武汉大学出版社,2001
[3] 胡友健. 全球定位系统(GPS)原理与应用[M]. 中国地质大学出版社,2003
[4] 余志文,邬永宏. 浅谈智能交通中的电子地图[J]. 海南师范学院学报(自然科学版) 2002 ,15 (2):23-26
[5] 李曙光,荆便顾等. 交通电子地图设计和制作[J]. 西安公路交通大学学报.,2001,1
[6] 石磊. GPS 车辆监控系统研究及电子地图的制作应用[D]. 华中科技大学硕士学位论文,2004
[7] 张新颜. 军用电子地图制作与应用软件系统及部分软件模块实现[D]. 中国人民解放军信息工程大学硕士学位论文,2002
[8] 徐新. 基于 MapX 的便携式定位系统中远程监控平台的设计与实现[D].武汉科技大学硕士学位论文.2006
[9] 王维虎. 基于 GIS 的城市网格坐标数码地图(CGCDM)的设计与应用[D]. 华中师范大学硕士学位论文,2007
[10] 何玲. 一种手持式 GPS 接收机的研究与开发[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2007
[11] 周长征. 车载 GPS/GPRS 实时定位系统关键技术研究[D] .武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2007
[12] 饶俊. 基于 gpsOne 的智能车载定位终端的研究[D] 武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2007
[13] 贾振波. 基于 ARM 的车载 GPS 系统的研究[D].中国农业大学硕士学位论文,2007
[14] 张旭. GPS 载波相位定位算法研究与仿真[D].哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文,2007
[15] 韩敏艳. 车辆监控系统研究与设计[D].哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文,2007
[16] 常虹. 全球卫星定位列车调度系统车载台设计[D]. 武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2007
[17] 黄肇毅等. ITS 对国内城市交通规划影响的探讨[J].城市规划. 1999,6(23):60-64
[18] 张至清等. 智能交通系统研究综述[J]. 东北林业大学学报.1999,1(27):34-37
[19] 段里仁.再论智能交通系统在我国交通管理中的应用[J].交通运输系统工程与信息2001,8(11):14-17
[20] 尚刚. 智能交通系统(ITS)在日本的发展综述[J]. 华东公路. 1999,9(3): 62-65
[21] 边远明等. 智能交通系统(ITS)及其发展[J].武汉理工大学学报信息与管理工程版,2001,3(23):67-70
[22] MICHAEL SHAW. The DoD: Stewards of a Global Information Resource[J],the Navstar Global Positioning System,Proceeding of The IEEE. VOL 87 No.1 JANUARY 1999 16-23
[23] Perenge. Scanning the Issue/Technology[J],Proceeding of The IEEE.VOL87 No.1 January 1999 5-15
[24] I.A.Geting. The Global Positioning System[J]. IEEE spectrum,VOL30 No.12 December 1993, 36-47
[25] ERIC ABBOT. Land-Vehicle Navigation Using GPS[J]. Proceeding of The IEEE.VOL87 No.1 January 19991 45 162
[26] Sinn Kim. Jong-Hwan Kim. Q-factor Map Matching Method Using Adaptive Fuzzy Network[J]. IEEE International Fuzzy Systems Conference Proceedings,1999.
[27] Sinn Kim. Jong-Hwan Kim, Adaptive Fuzzy-network-based C-measure Map-matching Algorithm for Car Navigation System [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2001,4
[28] Scorer AG.. Vehicle Tracking and Security[J]. The Journal of navigation,1998,52(2):170-179
[29] Philip G. Mats. Integrated GPS and Dead Reckoning for Low-Cost Vehicle Navigation and Tracking[J]. IEEE Vehicle Navigation&Information Systems Conference Proceedings,1994: 567-574
[30] Kashani H R. Saridis G N. Intelligent for Urban Trafic System[J]. Automatics, 1983,19(2):191-197
[31] Dr. J. P Lowenau, Dr. P.J. Th. Venhovens , Dr. J. H.Bernasch, Advanced Vehicle Navigation applied in the BMW Real Time Light Sintmulation[J]. The Journal of navigation. 2000,Spring:30-41
[32] W.Y Ochieng. Advanced Transport Telematics Positioning Requirements:An Assessment of GPS Performance in Greater London[J]. The Journal of navigation,2000,Spring:342-355
[33] Bob Cleary. Satellite Communications and Fleet Management-An Integrated Approach to the Road Transport Industry[J]. The Journal of navigation, 1999,Summer:20-24