基于CVT-HEV整车能源分配控制策略及CAN通讯协议研究
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摘要
混合动力电动汽车(Hybrid Electrical Vehicle,简称HEV)是将新技术和老技术结合的最可行的产物,它不仅具有纯电动汽车的高效率和低排放的性能,而且具有传统内燃机汽车的行驶里程长和快速补充燃料的性能,因此混合动力电动汽车成为当前解决节能、环保问题切实可行的方案。
本文通过分析国内外HEV发展状况,阐述了当前在中国大力发展HEV的重要性、需要克服的技术难题以及HEV结合无级变速器(Continuous Variable Transmission,简称CVT)的特点和优势。在此基础上对典型的HEV动力总成系统进行了深入的分析,结合台架试验数据和理论分析,应用MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真语言自主设计搭建了CVT-HEV动力总成仿真平台。
其次,在CVT-HEV仿真平台上研究了基于逻辑门限控制的混合动力电动汽车能源管理的控制策略,并结合工程实际编写了主控制器能源管理算法的控制流程图;同时对基于模糊逻辑的控制策略进行了探讨性的研究,并在仿真平台上对整车控制策略进行了仿真分析,为进一步的实车控制软件的开发提供了理论指导。
最后,设计了配备CVT-HEV的动力总成控制系统基于CAN总线拓扑通信网络结构,并在J1939标准通信协议的基础上结合工程实际制定了基于CAN总线的CVT-HEV的控制器网络通信协议;并完成了CAN通讯模块和新型液晶显示仪表控制节点的软硬件设计。
The Hybrid Electrical Vehicle is the feasible outcome from new and traditional Automobile technique. It not only has the advantages of low emission and high efficiency of Pure Electrical Vehicle, but also has the performances of long running mileage and fast fuel supplement in tradition internal-combustion engine automobile. Accordingly, Hybrid Electrical Vehicle becomes the feasible scheme for saving energy and protecting from environment in this century.
In this paper, the worldwide development of HEV is analyzed. Along with the characteristic and superiority of combining HEV and CVT, the importance of developing HEV in China is presented. The typical HEV power assembly system is deeply analyzed on the basis of the development and study of the currently power assembly system. The mathematics model of combined coupling power assembly is built in combination with experimental data and theoretical analysis of the experimental bench. The professional simulation platform of CVT-HEV is designed and built by using MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation language.
Then, the Hybrid Electric Vehicle Energy Management control algorithm based on logic threshold control method is studied on the CVT-HEV simulation bench. The control flow charts of the main controller energy management algorithm is written on the basis of the project. At the same time, the control algorithm based on fuzzy control has been studied on. The results and graphs of simulation based on CVT-HEV Energy Management Strategy which can be used for guiding the experiments are contended in the paper.
Finally, the network’s topology of CVT-HEV power assembly control system is analyzed. Considering the practical project, the CAN Bus controller network communication protocol of HEV is established on the basis of J1939 protocol. Later on, the hardware and software of CAN module and the contronl node of liquid crystal display are developed.
本文通过分析国内外HEV发展状况,阐述了当前在中国大力发展HEV的重要性、需要克服的技术难题以及HEV结合无级变速器(Continuous Variable Transmission,简称CVT)的特点和优势。在此基础上对典型的HEV动力总成系统进行了深入的分析,结合台架试验数据和理论分析,应用MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真语言自主设计搭建了CVT-HEV动力总成仿真平台。
其次,在CVT-HEV仿真平台上研究了基于逻辑门限控制的混合动力电动汽车能源管理的控制策略,并结合工程实际编写了主控制器能源管理算法的控制流程图;同时对基于模糊逻辑的控制策略进行了探讨性的研究,并在仿真平台上对整车控制策略进行了仿真分析,为进一步的实车控制软件的开发提供了理论指导。
最后,设计了配备CVT-HEV的动力总成控制系统基于CAN总线拓扑通信网络结构,并在J1939标准通信协议的基础上结合工程实际制定了基于CAN总线的CVT-HEV的控制器网络通信协议;并完成了CAN通讯模块和新型液晶显示仪表控制节点的软硬件设计。
The Hybrid Electrical Vehicle is the feasible outcome from new and traditional Automobile technique. It not only has the advantages of low emission and high efficiency of Pure Electrical Vehicle, but also has the performances of long running mileage and fast fuel supplement in tradition internal-combustion engine automobile. Accordingly, Hybrid Electrical Vehicle becomes the feasible scheme for saving energy and protecting from environment in this century.
In this paper, the worldwide development of HEV is analyzed. Along with the characteristic and superiority of combining HEV and CVT, the importance of developing HEV in China is presented. The typical HEV power assembly system is deeply analyzed on the basis of the development and study of the currently power assembly system. The mathematics model of combined coupling power assembly is built in combination with experimental data and theoretical analysis of the experimental bench. The professional simulation platform of CVT-HEV is designed and built by using MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation language.
Then, the Hybrid Electric Vehicle Energy Management control algorithm based on logic threshold control method is studied on the CVT-HEV simulation bench. The control flow charts of the main controller energy management algorithm is written on the basis of the project. At the same time, the control algorithm based on fuzzy control has been studied on. The results and graphs of simulation based on CVT-HEV Energy Management Strategy which can be used for guiding the experiments are contended in the paper.
Finally, the network’s topology of CVT-HEV power assembly control system is analyzed. Considering the practical project, the CAN Bus controller network communication protocol of HEV is established on the basis of J1939 protocol. Later on, the hardware and software of CAN module and the contronl node of liquid crystal display are developed.
引文
[1] 陈清泉,孙逢春,祝嘉光.现代电动汽车技术.第一版.北京:北京理工大学出版社,2002,1-25
[2] Moller.F.H.Prime Movers for Series Hybrid Vehicles. In:SAE1997. Pittsburgh: SAE,1997,206-210
[3] 陈清泉.混合动力电动车辆基础.第一版.北京:北京理工大学出版社,2001,2-18
[4] 孙逢春.电动汽车.第一版.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1997,5-10
[5] 梁龙.HEV 多能源动力总成控制系统仿真研究:[北方交通大学硕士学位论文].北方交通大学,2002,1-20
[6] Hermance David , Sasaki Shoichi . Hybrid Electric vehicle Take to the Street. IEEE Spectrum,1999,11:48-52
[7] 万沛霖.电动汽车的关键技术.第一版.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1998,34-40
[8] 黄榕清,廖权来,姜招良.HEV6700 混合驱动中型客车的研制.汽车研究与开发,2000,6:12-14
[9] Wyczalek Floyd A.Market Mature 1998 Hybrid Electric Vehicles.IEEE AES Systems Magazine,1999,3:2-6
[10] Hiroatsu Endo,Masatoshi.Development of Toyota’s transaxle for mini-van hybrid vehicles.JSAE Review,2003,24:109-116
[11] Isaya M, Takeshi M, Hiromasa M. The Nissan Hybrid vehicle. In:SAE2001.Pittsburgh:SAE,2001,128-134
[12] 作 者 不 详 . 丰 田 强 力 出 击 美 混 合 动 力 车 市 场 . http//www.chinaev.org/ html/gwdt-/030821ft.htm,2003-8-21
[13] 徐宏佳.电动汽车混合动力系统的技术分析.机电工程技术,2002,7:45-48
[14] 宋慧,胡骅.复合动力电动汽车的驱动模式和控制策略.汽车世界,2000,7:8-10
[15] 钟勇.基于 CVT 的类菱形混合动力电动汽车系统研究与仿真:[湖南大学博士学位论文].湖南长沙:湖南大学机械与汽车工程学院,2005,28-41
[16] 黄妙华,金国栋,邓亚东.串联式混合动力电动汽车先导车的研究开发.武汉理工大学学报,2001,25(3):273-276
[17] 宋慧.混合动力源电动汽车典型车型精选.世界汽车,2001,3:15-19
[18] Jack Yamaguchi.Insight by Honda.Automotive Engineering International, 1999,5:49-51
[19] Isaya Matsuo,Shinsuke Nakazawa.Development of a High-Performance Hybrid Propulsion System Incorporating a CVT.In:SAE2000.Detroit:SAE,2000,1-9
[20] 叶玲,杨志伟,李昆.混合动力电动汽车的发展.北京汽车,2002,6:11-15
[21] Wang Qiang,BackStrom T,ChanDur S.A Novel Drive Strategy for Hybrid Electric Vehicles.In:IEEE 2001.England:IEEE,2001,79-81
[22] Cuddy Matthew R,Wipke K B.Analysis of the Fuel Economy Benefit of Drive train Hybridization.In:SAE1997,Pittsburgh:SAE,1997,101-103
[23] Akihiro K,Tetsuya A,Shoichi S.Drive Force Control of a Parallel-series Hybrid System.JSAE,1999,20:337-341
[24] 薛殿伦,王红岩,王立公.金属带式无级变速汽车的建模与性能仿真.农业机械学报,2003,34(6):4-8
[25] 高峰.混合式电动汽车系统设计仿真及控制系统 BIT 技术研究:[国防科学技术大学硕士论文].湖南长沙:国防科学技术大学,1996,78-86
[26] Sabine Piller.An Empirically based Electro source Horizon Lead-Acid Battery Mode.In:SAE1996.Detroit:SAE,1996,103-109
[27] Levent U.Gokdere.Hybrid Electric Vehicle with Permanent Magnet Traction Motor.IEMD,1999,2:502-504
[28] 余志生.汽车理论.第一版.北京:机械工业出版社,1990,5-18
[29] Paganelli G,Ercole G,Brahma A. General supervisory control policy for the energy optimization of charge-sustaining hybrid electric vehicles . JSAE Review,2001,22(4):511-518
[30] Jalil N,Kheir NA.A rule-based energy management strategy for a series hybrid vehicle.In:Proc of the American Control Conference.USA:American Control Conference,1997,689-693
[31] Johnson V H,Wipke K B,Rausen D J.HEV control strategy for real-time optimization of fuel economy and emissions.In:SAE2000.Detroit:SAE,2000,124-129
[32] Niels J.Schouten,Salman M A,Kheir N A.Energy management strategies for parallel hybrid vehicles using fuzzy logic.Control Engineering Practice, 2003,11(2):171-177
[33] Liang Chu, Qingnian Wang.Control Algorithm Development for Parallel Hybrid Transit Bus.IEEE,2005,2:21-28
[34] 沈学东,王蔚然.现场总线技术综述.东北电力技术,1999,5:9-13
[35] G..Y.Tina,R.W.Baines.A Fieldbus-based intelligent sensor.Mechatronics, 2000,10(8):835-849
[36] Jonas Berge.Advances in Instrumentation and Control.Fieldbus Control System,1996,1:51-53
[37] Robert Bosch GmbH.CAN specification.Version 2.0.China:Bosch,1991,1-19
[38] 李永强,宋希庚,薛冬新.CAN 局域网及 J1939 协议在货车和客车上的运用.汽车工程,2003,4:377-340
[39] 刘耿,席军强,陈慧岩.SAE J1939 通信标准在车辆动力传动电控系统中的应用研究.汽车研究与开发,2003,5:36-40
[40] 高松,魏民祥.CAN 总线及其在汽车计算机系统中的应用.上海理工大学学报,2002,24(8):299-301
[41] 颜伟超,殷承良,周宇星.CAN 总线在混合动力汽车上的应用.工业计算机控制,2005,18(3):55-56
[42] 田江学,屈卫平.CAN 总线在混合动力汽车中的应用.计算机工程,2003,29(18):174-176
[43] 刘和平.TMS320LF240xDSP C 语言开发应用.第一版.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003,239-260
[44] 宋传平.现代汽车仪表的发展趋势.上海汽车,2005,6:39-40
[45] 杨忠敏.汽车仪表的发展现状.汽车电器,2004,4:1-3
[46] 戴方全,王建.基于 uC/OS—Ⅱ的全数字汽车仪表.轻型汽车技术,2007,1:7-10
[47] 刘欣,王志龙,方加宝.基于 CAN 总线的车辆液晶显示处理系统.自动化新天地,2005,9(10):65-66
[48] 刘和平.TMS320LF240xDSP 结构、原理及应用.第一版.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2002,1-18
[49] 江思敏.TMS320LF240xDSP 硬件开发教程.第一版.北京:机械工业出版社,2003,288-317
[2] Moller.F.H.Prime Movers for Series Hybrid Vehicles. In:SAE1997. Pittsburgh: SAE,1997,206-210
[3] 陈清泉.混合动力电动车辆基础.第一版.北京:北京理工大学出版社,2001,2-18
[4] 孙逢春.电动汽车.第一版.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1997,5-10
[5] 梁龙.HEV 多能源动力总成控制系统仿真研究:[北方交通大学硕士学位论文].北方交通大学,2002,1-20
[6] Hermance David , Sasaki Shoichi . Hybrid Electric vehicle Take to the Street. IEEE Spectrum,1999,11:48-52
[7] 万沛霖.电动汽车的关键技术.第一版.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1998,34-40
[8] 黄榕清,廖权来,姜招良.HEV6700 混合驱动中型客车的研制.汽车研究与开发,2000,6:12-14
[9] Wyczalek Floyd A.Market Mature 1998 Hybrid Electric Vehicles.IEEE AES Systems Magazine,1999,3:2-6
[10] Hiroatsu Endo,Masatoshi.Development of Toyota’s transaxle for mini-van hybrid vehicles.JSAE Review,2003,24:109-116
[11] Isaya M, Takeshi M, Hiromasa M. The Nissan Hybrid vehicle. In:SAE2001.Pittsburgh:SAE,2001,128-134
[12] 作 者 不 详 . 丰 田 强 力 出 击 美 混 合 动 力 车 市 场 . http//www.chinaev.org/ html/gwdt-/030821ft.htm,2003-8-21
[13] 徐宏佳.电动汽车混合动力系统的技术分析.机电工程技术,2002,7:45-48
[14] 宋慧,胡骅.复合动力电动汽车的驱动模式和控制策略.汽车世界,2000,7:8-10
[15] 钟勇.基于 CVT 的类菱形混合动力电动汽车系统研究与仿真:[湖南大学博士学位论文].湖南长沙:湖南大学机械与汽车工程学院,2005,28-41
[16] 黄妙华,金国栋,邓亚东.串联式混合动力电动汽车先导车的研究开发.武汉理工大学学报,2001,25(3):273-276
[17] 宋慧.混合动力源电动汽车典型车型精选.世界汽车,2001,3:15-19
[18] Jack Yamaguchi.Insight by Honda.Automotive Engineering International, 1999,5:49-51
[19] Isaya Matsuo,Shinsuke Nakazawa.Development of a High-Performance Hybrid Propulsion System Incorporating a CVT.In:SAE2000.Detroit:SAE,2000,1-9
[20] 叶玲,杨志伟,李昆.混合动力电动汽车的发展.北京汽车,2002,6:11-15
[21] Wang Qiang,BackStrom T,ChanDur S.A Novel Drive Strategy for Hybrid Electric Vehicles.In:IEEE 2001.England:IEEE,2001,79-81
[22] Cuddy Matthew R,Wipke K B.Analysis of the Fuel Economy Benefit of Drive train Hybridization.In:SAE1997,Pittsburgh:SAE,1997,101-103
[23] Akihiro K,Tetsuya A,Shoichi S.Drive Force Control of a Parallel-series Hybrid System.JSAE,1999,20:337-341
[24] 薛殿伦,王红岩,王立公.金属带式无级变速汽车的建模与性能仿真.农业机械学报,2003,34(6):4-8
[25] 高峰.混合式电动汽车系统设计仿真及控制系统 BIT 技术研究:[国防科学技术大学硕士论文].湖南长沙:国防科学技术大学,1996,78-86
[26] Sabine Piller.An Empirically based Electro source Horizon Lead-Acid Battery Mode.In:SAE1996.Detroit:SAE,1996,103-109
[27] Levent U.Gokdere.Hybrid Electric Vehicle with Permanent Magnet Traction Motor.IEMD,1999,2:502-504
[28] 余志生.汽车理论.第一版.北京:机械工业出版社,1990,5-18
[29] Paganelli G,Ercole G,Brahma A. General supervisory control policy for the energy optimization of charge-sustaining hybrid electric vehicles . JSAE Review,2001,22(4):511-518
[30] Jalil N,Kheir NA.A rule-based energy management strategy for a series hybrid vehicle.In:Proc of the American Control Conference.USA:American Control Conference,1997,689-693
[31] Johnson V H,Wipke K B,Rausen D J.HEV control strategy for real-time optimization of fuel economy and emissions.In:SAE2000.Detroit:SAE,2000,124-129
[32] Niels J.Schouten,Salman M A,Kheir N A.Energy management strategies for parallel hybrid vehicles using fuzzy logic.Control Engineering Practice, 2003,11(2):171-177
[33] Liang Chu, Qingnian Wang.Control Algorithm Development for Parallel Hybrid Transit Bus.IEEE,2005,2:21-28
[34] 沈学东,王蔚然.现场总线技术综述.东北电力技术,1999,5:9-13
[35] G..Y.Tina,R.W.Baines.A Fieldbus-based intelligent sensor.Mechatronics, 2000,10(8):835-849
[36] Jonas Berge.Advances in Instrumentation and Control.Fieldbus Control System,1996,1:51-53
[37] Robert Bosch GmbH.CAN specification.Version 2.0.China:Bosch,1991,1-19
[38] 李永强,宋希庚,薛冬新.CAN 局域网及 J1939 协议在货车和客车上的运用.汽车工程,2003,4:377-340
[39] 刘耿,席军强,陈慧岩.SAE J1939 通信标准在车辆动力传动电控系统中的应用研究.汽车研究与开发,2003,5:36-40
[40] 高松,魏民祥.CAN 总线及其在汽车计算机系统中的应用.上海理工大学学报,2002,24(8):299-301
[41] 颜伟超,殷承良,周宇星.CAN 总线在混合动力汽车上的应用.工业计算机控制,2005,18(3):55-56
[42] 田江学,屈卫平.CAN 总线在混合动力汽车中的应用.计算机工程,2003,29(18):174-176
[43] 刘和平.TMS320LF240xDSP C 语言开发应用.第一版.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003,239-260
[44] 宋传平.现代汽车仪表的发展趋势.上海汽车,2005,6:39-40
[45] 杨忠敏.汽车仪表的发展现状.汽车电器,2004,4:1-3
[46] 戴方全,王建.基于 uC/OS—Ⅱ的全数字汽车仪表.轻型汽车技术,2007,1:7-10
[47] 刘欣,王志龙,方加宝.基于 CAN 总线的车辆液晶显示处理系统.自动化新天地,2005,9(10):65-66
[48] 刘和平.TMS320LF240xDSP 结构、原理及应用.第一版.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2002,1-18
[49] 江思敏.TMS320LF240xDSP 硬件开发教程.第一版.北京:机械工业出版社,2003,288-317