场区内物料搬运系统的优化
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摘要
现代物流作为降低能耗、提高生产率以外的第三利润源已经越来越被社会和企业所重视,随着我国第三方物流的快速发展,越来越多的制造企业为了降低成本、集中精力提高核心竞争力,将自身非核心业务外包,转而将注意力专注于提高生产物流的效率,在生产物流中物料搬运是重要环节之一。虽然物料的装卸搬运是制造业企业生产过程中的辅助环节,但它是工序之间、车间之间、工厂之间相互衔接不可缺少的,可以说只要生产线在运作,物料搬运就存在。
生产企业内部的物料搬运涉及到路径选择,各搬运区域搬运工具类型选择、数量和速度确定、两衔接点之间物流量的控制等方面。从系统工程观点考虑,一个系统含有多个子模块,每一个子模块的最优并不能达到整个系统的最优,只有从全局考虑才能使系统目标最优化。
论文首先分析了场区内物料搬运系统研究的背景和意义,回顾了国内外物料搬运系统的研究现状,说明了对物料搬运系统研究的现实意义。其次论文介绍了物料搬运的概念和分类,用数据说明了物料搬运在企业的重要性,详细论述了搬运工具的选择原则、路径优化原则、缓冲站设立及信息技术应用的重要性,并归纳出改善物料搬运的表格,从定性角度总结了改善搬运作业系统的途径,简明直观。
以优化流程为序讲述物流当量的换算方法、瓶颈节点的改善意义,并以单位时间内所有通道流量和最大为目标函数,以搬运车辆选择,车辆速度确定,通道流量控制和搬运节点是否设立缓冲站等为约束条件建立数学模型,并设计出求解该模型的遗传算法,同时还给出了一个具体实例验证了模型和算法的有效性。最后,本文对论文进行了总结,指出论文工作的不足,需要进一步完善之处。
物料搬运系统的优化有利于搬运过程中成本最低化和时间的最小化,同时降低劳动强度,提高人员工作效率。本文研究了场区内物料搬运系统的优化问题,具有一定的理论价值和现实意义。
As the third profit source beyond decreasing energy consumption and improving effficiency,modern logistics has been paid more and more attention by society and enterprises,with the rapid development of the third part logistics in China,the enterprises outsource their non-core business in order to cut down the cost and concentrate on enhancing their core competence.So their attention is involved in improving efficiency of production logistics.materials handling is a significant tache in the process of producting,although it's an accessorial tacle,it's indispensable to link up each two working procedures,workshops and factories.We can say that if the product line is running,materials handling is in existence.
The focus of the material handling systerm research in manufacturing contains selecting pathes,selecting handling tools,fixing on the number and speed of the tools,controlling the material flux between two nodes,appling information technology etc.With the systemic engineering view,A system contains many sub-modules,and every optimized sub-moudule can not make the whole system optimize,the only way that leads to the most optimized system is taking the global view into account.
In this article,the back ground and the meaning for the research of material handling system are analysed at first,and then reviewes the current situation of material convey in domestic and overseas.The thesis also introduces the concept and sorts of the material handling,proves its importance in the factories with datas,discusses the selecting principle of convey facilities,the principle of route optimization,the importance of setting up buffers and appling information technology.At last concludes a table for improving material convey.
And then narrats the conversion of equivalent units,the improving meaning of bottleneck points according to the order of optimizating flow,With the sum flow of all channeis as the object function,with the selection of handling vehicles, the fixing on vehicle's speed,the control of channel's flow and whether sets up buffers at the conveying points as the constrain condition,It sets up a mathmatics model.at the same time,it designs genetic arithmetic to solve this model. simultaneity,it give an example to validate the validity of the model and the arithmetic.At last,this article sumarizes the thesis,points out the insufficiency of my paper,need us to consummate during the study courses in the furture.
The optimization of materials handling system is propitious to minimization of time and cost during the handling course,and it also decreases the intensity of labour and increases work efficiency.This paper researches the problem of the optimization of materials handling system in field area which have theoretical and practical significance.
生产企业内部的物料搬运涉及到路径选择,各搬运区域搬运工具类型选择、数量和速度确定、两衔接点之间物流量的控制等方面。从系统工程观点考虑,一个系统含有多个子模块,每一个子模块的最优并不能达到整个系统的最优,只有从全局考虑才能使系统目标最优化。
论文首先分析了场区内物料搬运系统研究的背景和意义,回顾了国内外物料搬运系统的研究现状,说明了对物料搬运系统研究的现实意义。其次论文介绍了物料搬运的概念和分类,用数据说明了物料搬运在企业的重要性,详细论述了搬运工具的选择原则、路径优化原则、缓冲站设立及信息技术应用的重要性,并归纳出改善物料搬运的表格,从定性角度总结了改善搬运作业系统的途径,简明直观。
以优化流程为序讲述物流当量的换算方法、瓶颈节点的改善意义,并以单位时间内所有通道流量和最大为目标函数,以搬运车辆选择,车辆速度确定,通道流量控制和搬运节点是否设立缓冲站等为约束条件建立数学模型,并设计出求解该模型的遗传算法,同时还给出了一个具体实例验证了模型和算法的有效性。最后,本文对论文进行了总结,指出论文工作的不足,需要进一步完善之处。
物料搬运系统的优化有利于搬运过程中成本最低化和时间的最小化,同时降低劳动强度,提高人员工作效率。本文研究了场区内物料搬运系统的优化问题,具有一定的理论价值和现实意义。
As the third profit source beyond decreasing energy consumption and improving effficiency,modern logistics has been paid more and more attention by society and enterprises,with the rapid development of the third part logistics in China,the enterprises outsource their non-core business in order to cut down the cost and concentrate on enhancing their core competence.So their attention is involved in improving efficiency of production logistics.materials handling is a significant tache in the process of producting,although it's an accessorial tacle,it's indispensable to link up each two working procedures,workshops and factories.We can say that if the product line is running,materials handling is in existence.
The focus of the material handling systerm research in manufacturing contains selecting pathes,selecting handling tools,fixing on the number and speed of the tools,controlling the material flux between two nodes,appling information technology etc.With the systemic engineering view,A system contains many sub-modules,and every optimized sub-moudule can not make the whole system optimize,the only way that leads to the most optimized system is taking the global view into account.
In this article,the back ground and the meaning for the research of material handling system are analysed at first,and then reviewes the current situation of material convey in domestic and overseas.The thesis also introduces the concept and sorts of the material handling,proves its importance in the factories with datas,discusses the selecting principle of convey facilities,the principle of route optimization,the importance of setting up buffers and appling information technology.At last concludes a table for improving material convey.
And then narrats the conversion of equivalent units,the improving meaning of bottleneck points according to the order of optimizating flow,With the sum flow of all channeis as the object function,with the selection of handling vehicles, the fixing on vehicle's speed,the control of channel's flow and whether sets up buffers at the conveying points as the constrain condition,It sets up a mathmatics model.at the same time,it designs genetic arithmetic to solve this model. simultaneity,it give an example to validate the validity of the model and the arithmetic.At last,this article sumarizes the thesis,points out the insufficiency of my paper,need us to consummate during the study courses in the furture.
The optimization of materials handling system is propitious to minimization of time and cost during the handling course,and it also decreases the intensity of labour and increases work efficiency.This paper researches the problem of the optimization of materials handling system in field area which have theoretical and practical significance.
引文
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[2]孙国正.面向21世纪的物流工程及物料搬运技术[J].物流技术,2001(1):53-55.
[3]物料搬运系统设计PPT.www.china-trainers.com.
[4]物流过程中如何加强和提高搬运作业方式的初步探讨[J].中国论文网.
[5]林清国.基于混合遗传算法的有时间窗车辆路径问题研究[D].山东:山东大学,2007.
[6]王美琼.遗传算法在物流配送路径规划问题中的应用[D].南京:南京理工大学,2006.
[7]林凤涛.蚁群算法在车间配送路径优化中的应用[J].轴承,2007(5):8-10.
[8]尚启超,姜志峰,顾雁宏.装备物资供应保障中的装卸优化方法[J].军械工程学院学报,2003(9)45-48.
[9]李涛,张则强,陈文明.装卸搬运在物流中地位及提升策略[J].铁道货运,2004(6):33-35.
[10]黄晓英,张剑芳.物料装卸搬运系统分析及改善措施[J].物流技术,2004(6):30-32.
[11]宋伯慧,王耀球.装卸搬运设备配置优化研究[J].物流技术,2006(7):145-147.
[12]刘桂艳.家电产品生产物料搬运方式的选择优化[D].四川:四川大学,2006.
[13]殷筑生.企业物料搬运系统工程的设计与分析[J].起重运输机械,2005(10):23-26.
[14]罗宜美,黄胜延,孙学慧.基于制造业生产物流系统的改善与优化研究.第十二届工业工程和工程管理国际会议论文集:下册[C].2005.
[15]严伯昌,我国物料搬运设备的发展趋势[J].产业透视,2007(9):28-31.
[16]John B.Nofsinger.美国物料搬运和物流管理的市场及其发展趋势[J].机电信息,2001(12):36.
[17]孙福权,于茜.物流系统中的优化问题研究[J].物流技术,2006(4):19-20.
[18]唐小明.物流节点设施布置设计方法研究[D].西安:长安大学,2006.
[19]张颖利.汽车制造企业生产物流的系统分析与优化[D].南京:南京林业大学,2005.
[20]周森.基于遗传算法的物流运输中的车辆路径问题研究[D].北京:对外经济贸易大学,2006.
[21]江务学.改进的遗传算法及其在多目标优化中的应用研究[D].天津:天津工业大学,2005.
[22]董军.在电子商务环境下对物流配送中心改进的研究[D].天津:天津工业大学,2006.
[23]唐小明.物流节点设施布置设计方法研究[D].西安:长安大学,2006.
[24]王军强,张翠林,孙树栋,付平.MRPⅡ、JIT、TOC生产计划与控制比较研究[J].制造业自动化,2005(2):9-13.
[25]唐卫峻,范宏达,孙阿楠.TOC在供应链管理中的应用[J].工业工程,2003(4):24-27.
[26]朱金寿,朱琪,王进,李健,刘志平.最小费用最大流算法在路径规划中的应用[J].武汉理工大学学报,2002.26(3):293-295.
[27]丁建立,陈增强.遗传算法与蚂蚁算法的融合[J].计算机研究与发展,2003(9):1351-1356.
[28]郑立平,郝忠孝.遗传算法理论综述[J].计算机工程与应用,2003(21):50-53,96.
[29]吴坚,史中科.基于遗传算法的配送中心选址问题[J].华南理工大学学报,2004.32(6):71-74
[30]孙宏,杜文,徐杰.最小费用最大流模型在航班衔接问题中的应用[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2001.33(5):478-481.
[31]吴唤群.最优总装线路安排问题研究[J].经济数学,1999.16(4):61-64.
[32]蔡延光.多重运输问题的遗传算法及其遗传局部搜索[J].系统工程理论与实践,1997(6):13-15.
[33]杨秋侠.企业生产物流工序流程的优化[J].物流技术,2005(8):14-16.
[34]丁承民,赵传生.遗传算法纵横谈.信息与控制[J].1997.26(1):40-48.
[35]张少勇.对企业如何管理生产物流的探讨[J].商业经济文荟,2005(3):8-11.
[36]张颖利,卲明习.企业生产物流系统的建模与仿真[J].物流技术,2005(12):62-65.
[37]周明,孙树栋.遗传算法原理及应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1996.
[38]胡运权.运筹学教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000.
[39]李军,郭耀煌.物流配送车辆优化调度理论与方法[M].北京:中国物资出版社,2001.
[40]王小平,曹立明.遗传算法理论、应用与软件实现[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002.
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