轨到轨低功耗差分运算放大器设计
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摘要
本文讨论了模拟电路设计者所面临的一些关于低功耗方面的问题,并对实现低功耗的设计方法进行了分析。本论文基于0.35umCMOS工艺,采用单电源电压(Vdd=3.3v),设计了一个恒定跨导Rail-to-Rail输入、AB类输出的工作在亚阈值区的低功耗运算放大器。运算放大器采用一个电流开关和一个电流镜并且结合工作在亚阈值区的互补差分对来保证输入级的恒定跨导。输出级采用低电压下的AB类控制输出级,从而使得整个运算放大器的功耗降低。偏置电路的基准电流是由一个与电源无关的“自举”偏置电路提供的。本文所设计的运算放大器基本满足Rail-to-Rail输入,并且功耗较低,达到预期目标。
This paper studied some problems about low power which the analog circuit designer faced to, and analyzed the approaches for achieving low power. This paper basing on the 0.35 um CMOS techniques , adopting only one power supply (Vdd=3.3v) ,designs a invariable Gm Rail-to-Rail input stage, AB output stage working in the sub-threshold low power operation amplifier. Operation amplifier is adopted a current switch and a current mirror and difference pair that works in the sub-threshold to assure the invariable input stage’s Gm . Output stage is adopted low voltage AB control output stage to low the power of the operation amplifier. The reference current is supplied by the bias circuit of“raise by oneself”. The operation amplifier designed by this paper is almost satisfied of Rail-to-Rail input and low power, which achieve the goal.
This paper studied some problems about low power which the analog circuit designer faced to, and analyzed the approaches for achieving low power. This paper basing on the 0.35 um CMOS techniques , adopting only one power supply (Vdd=3.3v) ,designs a invariable Gm Rail-to-Rail input stage, AB output stage working in the sub-threshold low power operation amplifier. Operation amplifier is adopted a current switch and a current mirror and difference pair that works in the sub-threshold to assure the invariable input stage’s Gm . Output stage is adopted low voltage AB control output stage to low the power of the operation amplifier. The reference current is supplied by the bias circuit of“raise by oneself”. The operation amplifier designed by this paper is almost satisfied of Rail-to-Rail input and low power, which achieve the goal.
引文
[1]S. S. Rajput and S. S. Jamuar.Low Voltage Analog Circuit Design Techniques[J].IEEE,2002,1531-636X:24—42.
[2]杨银堂,李晓娟,朱樟明等.一种低电压CMOS带隙基准源的分析与设计[J].电路与系统学报,2005,10(4):95—101.
[3]吕志军,倪学文,莫邦燹等.用于微传感器读出电路的输出缓冲放大器[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2004,40(3):437—443.
[4]翟艳,杨银堂,王帆等.基于0 .25um CMOS工艺的1.8V Rail-to-Rail运算放大器[J].电路与系统学报,2004,9(5):107—109.
[5]Ron Hogervorst,John P. Tero,Ruud G. H. Eschauzier,and Johan H. Huijsing.A Compact Power-Efficient 3 V CMOS Rail-to-Rail Input/Output Operational Amplifier for VLSI Cell Libraries [J].IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS,1994,29(12):1505—1513.
[6]赵雅兴.电子线路计算机辅助分析与设计[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2001.1—69.
[7]周元兴,张志龙等.低压低功耗CMOS/BiCMOS超大规模集成电路[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002.1—10.
[8]佚名.“星光中国芯工程”取得重大进展[EB/OL].http://www.mii.gov.cn,2005,12,30/2006,5.
[9]Klaas-Jan de Langen,Johan H. Huijsing.Compact Low-Voltage Power-Efficient Operational Amplifier Cells for VLSI [J].IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS,1998,33(10):1482—1496.
[10]王正宏,凌燮亭.CMOS亚阈值特性的低频低压微功耗电路的设计与模拟[J].电子学报,2001,3:378—382.
[11]黄云川,高涛,贾政亚.一种亚阈区工作的轨至轨输入CMOS运放设计[J].集成电路与元器件卷,2004,08:66—68.
[12]俞学刚,程梦璋.低电压CMOS运算放大器输入级的研究[J].模拟技术,2004,9:69—70
[13]冯军,李智群.CMOS模拟集成电路设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.198—249,320—328.
[14]陈贵灿,邵志标,程军等.CMOS集成电路设计[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002.239—275,284—292,309—319.
[15]PAUL R.GRAY,PAUL J.HURST,STEPHEN H.LEWIS et al.ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUITS[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2002.382—394.
[16]杨银堂,李晓娟,韩茹等.低电压低功耗运算放大器结构设计技术[J].电路与系统学报,2005,10(4):95—101.
[2]杨银堂,李晓娟,朱樟明等.一种低电压CMOS带隙基准源的分析与设计[J].电路与系统学报,2005,10(4):95—101.
[3]吕志军,倪学文,莫邦燹等.用于微传感器读出电路的输出缓冲放大器[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2004,40(3):437—443.
[4]翟艳,杨银堂,王帆等.基于0 .25um CMOS工艺的1.8V Rail-to-Rail运算放大器[J].电路与系统学报,2004,9(5):107—109.
[5]Ron Hogervorst,John P. Tero,Ruud G. H. Eschauzier,and Johan H. Huijsing.A Compact Power-Efficient 3 V CMOS Rail-to-Rail Input/Output Operational Amplifier for VLSI Cell Libraries [J].IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS,1994,29(12):1505—1513.
[6]赵雅兴.电子线路计算机辅助分析与设计[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2001.1—69.
[7]周元兴,张志龙等.低压低功耗CMOS/BiCMOS超大规模集成电路[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002.1—10.
[8]佚名.“星光中国芯工程”取得重大进展[EB/OL].http://www.mii.gov.cn,2005,12,30/2006,5.
[9]Klaas-Jan de Langen,Johan H. Huijsing.Compact Low-Voltage Power-Efficient Operational Amplifier Cells for VLSI [J].IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS,1998,33(10):1482—1496.
[10]王正宏,凌燮亭.CMOS亚阈值特性的低频低压微功耗电路的设计与模拟[J].电子学报,2001,3:378—382.
[11]黄云川,高涛,贾政亚.一种亚阈区工作的轨至轨输入CMOS运放设计[J].集成电路与元器件卷,2004,08:66—68.
[12]俞学刚,程梦璋.低电压CMOS运算放大器输入级的研究[J].模拟技术,2004,9:69—70
[13]冯军,李智群.CMOS模拟集成电路设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.198—249,320—328.
[14]陈贵灿,邵志标,程军等.CMOS集成电路设计[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002.239—275,284—292,309—319.
[15]PAUL R.GRAY,PAUL J.HURST,STEPHEN H.LEWIS et al.ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUITS[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2002.382—394.
[16]杨银堂,李晓娟,韩茹等.低电压低功耗运算放大器结构设计技术[J].电路与系统学报,2005,10(4):95—101.