齿轮同步器流场分析与同步特性研究
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摘要
齿轮马达分流器因其具有安装调试简单,分流精度高且不受负载影响,而且具有增压的功能。被广泛应用于冶金、水利、工程机械等多个行业,但目前国内相关产品精度还达不到要求。
通过对同步器内部流场的动态特性的研究,为进一步提高齿轮分流器的分流精度提供理论依据。本文从对其内部流场的动态特性入手,利用FLUENT软件对其内部流场区域进行数值模拟。通过设置不同的结构参数,找出影响分流精度的主要因素。
首先,对进口齿轮马达分流器进行测绘,利用所测尺寸对齿轮马达分流器进行几何建模。通过CAXA软件绘制精确的渐开线齿轮,利用FLUENT前处理器Gambit对齿轮马达分流器内部流场区域进行网格划分。由于网格数量庞大,利用多台电脑对模型进行并行运算求解。
其次,根据实际工况,设置不同的转速、壳体与齿顶的间隙值,压差值；引入标准的k-ε湍流模型,设定流场分析的边界条件,利用动网格技术,对模型进行求解。利用FLUENT监视器的功能,对出口设置流量检测。利用FLUENT软件检测出的流量数据导入EXCEL进行图形化处理,可以得到齿轮马达分流器两出口的流量值。
最后,依据FLUENT仿真的结果,根据流量检测的数据,以及齿轮马达分流器内部流场进行分析。根据不同参数下检测出的流量值分析同步误差,对所得结果进行分析,给出在不考虑端面泄漏情况下,齿轮马达分流器在不同负载,不同转速下,不同齿顶和壳体间隙值下的分流精度及其变化规律。
Gear Type Flow Divider is widely used in metallurgy, water conservancy, engineering machinery, for it is very easy to fit and debugging. But at present domestic related products accuracy also isn't up to scratch.
Through the synchronizer internal flow field of research, In order to further improve the gear of shunt provide theoretical basis for shunt accuracy, This article from the internal flow field, Using FLUENT software of the internal flow field in regional numerical simulation. Through setting different structural parameters, find out the main factors of influence shunt accuracy.
First, by surveyed and mapped a foreign brand product, then establish the gear motor shunt geometric modeling, and eatabished the modeling using the measured dimension. It has rendered accurate involute gea through CAXA software. The internal flow field of the gear motor was meshed using FLUENT Gambit former processor. Due to the grid huge, and computer hardware limitations, the computer models are parallel computing solution.
Secondly, for seeking the relationship of shunt error and the motor speed, tooth crest and shell clearance, differential pressure, according to the actual working condition, set up different speed, shell and tooth crest of inner-space value, differential pressure value; Introducing standard k-turbulence model, setting the boundary conditions of flow field analysis, using dynamic grid technology to solve the model. Using FLUENT soft monitor function, set flow detection. Gear motor respectively on the export of shunt flow test. Using FLUENT software detected flow data import EXCEL for graphical processing, can get the two export flow value of the gear motor shunt.Limited to computer condition limit and the haste, here I just analysis the four situation.
Finally, analyzed the FLUENT software simulation results, the flow measuring data, and the pressure of convective of the gear motor shunt's internal flow field. According to different parameters to detect flow value analysis synchronization error, flows pulsation. Utilizing pressure image analysis trapped oil phenomenon. The results obtained are analyzed. The diversion error of the gear motor shunt were given in in different load, different speed, different tooth crest and shell clearance value under the condition the leakage of gear eed is not considered. The correctness of the theoretical reasoning was verified through simulation and calculation of flow pulsation. Pocketed oil phenomenon was simulated in detali through the simulation analysis of pressure image And there are specific numerical to illustrate the harm of pocketed oil phenomenon.
通过对同步器内部流场的动态特性的研究,为进一步提高齿轮分流器的分流精度提供理论依据。本文从对其内部流场的动态特性入手,利用FLUENT软件对其内部流场区域进行数值模拟。通过设置不同的结构参数,找出影响分流精度的主要因素。
首先,对进口齿轮马达分流器进行测绘,利用所测尺寸对齿轮马达分流器进行几何建模。通过CAXA软件绘制精确的渐开线齿轮,利用FLUENT前处理器Gambit对齿轮马达分流器内部流场区域进行网格划分。由于网格数量庞大,利用多台电脑对模型进行并行运算求解。
其次,根据实际工况,设置不同的转速、壳体与齿顶的间隙值,压差值；引入标准的k-ε湍流模型,设定流场分析的边界条件,利用动网格技术,对模型进行求解。利用FLUENT监视器的功能,对出口设置流量检测。利用FLUENT软件检测出的流量数据导入EXCEL进行图形化处理,可以得到齿轮马达分流器两出口的流量值。
最后,依据FLUENT仿真的结果,根据流量检测的数据,以及齿轮马达分流器内部流场进行分析。根据不同参数下检测出的流量值分析同步误差,对所得结果进行分析,给出在不考虑端面泄漏情况下,齿轮马达分流器在不同负载,不同转速下,不同齿顶和壳体间隙值下的分流精度及其变化规律。
Gear Type Flow Divider is widely used in metallurgy, water conservancy, engineering machinery, for it is very easy to fit and debugging. But at present domestic related products accuracy also isn't up to scratch.
Through the synchronizer internal flow field of research, In order to further improve the gear of shunt provide theoretical basis for shunt accuracy, This article from the internal flow field, Using FLUENT software of the internal flow field in regional numerical simulation. Through setting different structural parameters, find out the main factors of influence shunt accuracy.
First, by surveyed and mapped a foreign brand product, then establish the gear motor shunt geometric modeling, and eatabished the modeling using the measured dimension. It has rendered accurate involute gea through CAXA software. The internal flow field of the gear motor was meshed using FLUENT Gambit former processor. Due to the grid huge, and computer hardware limitations, the computer models are parallel computing solution.
Secondly, for seeking the relationship of shunt error and the motor speed, tooth crest and shell clearance, differential pressure, according to the actual working condition, set up different speed, shell and tooth crest of inner-space value, differential pressure value; Introducing standard k-turbulence model, setting the boundary conditions of flow field analysis, using dynamic grid technology to solve the model. Using FLUENT soft monitor function, set flow detection. Gear motor respectively on the export of shunt flow test. Using FLUENT software detected flow data import EXCEL for graphical processing, can get the two export flow value of the gear motor shunt.Limited to computer condition limit and the haste, here I just analysis the four situation.
Finally, analyzed the FLUENT software simulation results, the flow measuring data, and the pressure of convective of the gear motor shunt's internal flow field. According to different parameters to detect flow value analysis synchronization error, flows pulsation. Utilizing pressure image analysis trapped oil phenomenon. The results obtained are analyzed. The diversion error of the gear motor shunt were given in in different load, different speed, different tooth crest and shell clearance value under the condition the leakage of gear eed is not considered. The correctness of the theoretical reasoning was verified through simulation and calculation of flow pulsation. Pocketed oil phenomenon was simulated in detali through the simulation analysis of pressure image And there are specific numerical to illustrate the harm of pocketed oil phenomenon.
引文
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2 徐永江.齿轮式流量分配器.煤矿机械,1991,1：14-15
3 王经伟.液压系统同步回路的设计.重工与起重技术,2010,1：19-21
4 胡建刚.液压分流器增压特性与应用.液压与气动,2009,4：55-56
5 杨立勤,温济全.齿轮式液压分流器同步精度的理论分析.液压气动与密封.1996,3：7-8
6 Hyun Kim, Hazel Marie, Suresh Patil. Two-dimensional CFD analysis of a hydraulic gear pump[C]. American Society for Engineering Education,2007:439-454
7 Kris Riem slagh,Jan V ierendeels,Erik Dick An arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian finite-volume method for the simulation of rotary displacement pump flow [J].Applied Numerical Mathematics,2000, (32):419-433
8 John Vande Voorde,Jan Vierendeels,Erik Dick Flow simulations in rotary volumetric pumps and compressors with the fictious domain method[J].Journal of Computional and Applied Mathematics,2004, (168):491-499
9 Goto A. Hydrodynamic Design System for Pumps Based on 3-D CAD, CFD and Inverse Design Method. In Proceedings of 2001 ASCE Fluid Engineering Division Summer Meeting, Fourth International Symposium on Pumping Machinery, New Orleans, 2001:20-25
10 江帆,陈维平.润滑用齿轮泵内部流场的动态模拟.现代制造工程,2007,6：116-117
11 杨立勤,温济全.齿轮式液压分流器同步精度的理论分析.液压气动与密封.1996,3：7-8
12 陈义昌,汪建一.齿轮式液压分流器的结构特点与精度分析.煤矿机械,1987,3：25-27
13 高殿荣,王有杰,陆向辉,等.基于CFD技术的新型轴向柱塞液压电机泵流场计算与分析.机床与液压,2010,38(5)：5-6
14 陈英,荆宝德.外啮合齿轮泵内泄露理论模型的建立及参数优化.机床与液压,2007,35(10)：109-110
15 聂松林,贾国涛,吴正江,等.水压圆周缝隙流动特性的仿真研究.机床与液压,2005,8：57-58
16 许贤良,朱兵,张军,等.同心环形缝隙理论研究.安徽理工大学学报(自然科学版),2004,24(3)：40-42
17 张冬泉.旋转对称密封缝隙流场的有限元分析.北方工业大学学报,1999,11(1)：62-66
18 顾宏韬,张军.行星齿轮泵泄漏的流场分析.润滑与密封,2010,35(6):90-110
19 王强,姜继海,袁俊超.利用流场仿真技术计算水压外啮合齿轮泵内液压径向力.流体机械,2008,36(6)：39-42
20 李士华,欧阳洁.聚合物熔体前沿追踪的Level set方法研究.科学技术与工程,2007,7(9)：1831-1832
21 唐亦农,陈文芳.非牛顿流体在Hele-Shaw模型中的流动,北京大学力学系,1987：26-29
22 Xu Binggui, Zhang Yanping, W ang Hui, et al. Application of numerical simulation of lulmerical simulation in the solid expandable tubular repair for casing damaged wells [J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(5):651-657.
23 Avraham I K. Efim G E, Gerd W, et al. Coaxial tubular solar collector constructed from polymeric materials polymeric materials:an experimental and transient simulation study[J]. Energy Convemion and Management,2003,44(16):2549-2566
24 裘祖干.微极流体的Hele-Shaw流动.复旦大学学报,1990,29(2)：130-134
25 朱红钧,林元华,谢龙汉.流体分析及仿真实用教程.北京：人民邮电出版社,2010：2-388
26 Goto A. Hydrodynamic Design System for Pumps Based on 3-D CAD, CFD and Inverse Design Method. In Proceedings of 2001 ASCE Fluid Engineering Division Summer Meeting, Fourth International Symposium on Pumping Machinery, New Orleans, 2001:50-100
27 Bert Blocken, Ted Stathopoulos, Jan Carmeliet.CFD simulation of the atmospheric boundary layer:wall function problems [J]. Atmospheric Envuronment,2007, 41(2):238-252
28 A.H. Ahmadi Motlagh, S.H. Hashemabadi.3D CFD simulation and experimental validation of particle-to-fluid heat transfer in a randomly packed bed of cylindrical particles[J]. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer,2008, 35(9):1183-1189
29 李进良,李承曦,胡仁喜,等编著.北京：化学工业出版社,2010：2-50
30 温正,石良臣,任毅如编著.FLUENT流体计算应用教程,北京：清华大学出版社,2009：2-12
31 江帆,黄鹏编著.《 Fluent高级应用与实例分析》,北京：清华大学出版社,2008：2-100
32 韩占忠,王敬,王小兰编.FLUENT:流体工程计算实例与应用,北京：北京理工大学出版社,2004：2-80
33 张凯,王瑞金,王刚编著.Fluent技术基础与应用实例,北京：清华大学出版社,2010：50-150
34 Zhang Zheng. Numerical simulation of the inner flow of centrifugal pump in FLUENT [J]. Scientific and Technical Information,2008(26):93-94
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