摩托车轮胎实验模态分析与垂直特性建模的研究
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摘要
摩托车行驶时轮胎与地面直接接触,轮胎静动力学特性是影响摩托车行驶性能的重要因素之一,目前,国内外对汽车轮胎的研究以及轮胎动态特性的模型建立已日趋完善,但对摩托车轮胎的研究较少。本文在用模态参数直接建模的理论基础上,对YX—P27型号摩托车真空胎进行了模态实验,提取了该型轮胎的模态参数。然后用实验模态参数建立摩托车真空胎的静态垂直特性模型,分析胎体和胎冠在变形时的不同特点和对轮胎接地印迹形成所起的不同作用,并借用迭代计算方法解决了模型方程的计算分析问题。最后利用实验模态参数初步探讨了摩托车真空胎动态垂直特性。本文经大量的实验得到了许多有用的数据及结论,表明了用实验模态参数建立摩托车轮胎模型的可行性。本文主要研究内容如下:
一、对摩托车真空胎(后胎)进行了径向与切向激振模态实验,分别测量了径向和切向两个方向的响应,并成功地得到了径向与切向两个方向的模态参数。
二、利用摩托车真空胎的模态参数初步建立了摩托车真空胎的垂直特性模型,提供了一种研究摩托车真空胎垂直特性的方法。
三、用虚拟仪器测试技术构建了摩托车轮胎模态实验平台,该平台由Lance传感器、信号调理器和NI数据采集卡等硬件组成,模态分析软件是南京航空航天大学(NUAA)开发的N-Model 3.0,实际应用证明该实验平台是成功的。
The motorcycle tire is the support and transmission unit between the motorcycle and road, its static and dynamic characteristic is one of the most important factors that influence the motorcycle running performance. Today in the world, the research of automobile tire and how to build the model of tire dynamics are gradually perfect, but the study for motorcycle tire is few. According to the thought of using modal parameters of the tire to build tire model, this paper have studied the motorcycle tire of type YX—P27 and obtained the modal parameters. Then the motorcycle vacuum rear tire model for static vertical properties is built by using the experimental modal parameters. The different characteristics of deformation of the carcass and the crown, and their roles in the produce of contact patch are discussed. The iterative algorithm is adopted to solve the equation of the tire mode. Finally, this paper discusses the dynamic vertical properties by using the modal parameters. The chief research of the paper is as follows:
1. In this paper, the modal experiments of the motorcycle vacuum rear tire are carried out with the excitation in radial and tangential direction while the responses both in radial and tangential directions are measured, and also the modal parameters have been obtained successfully.
2. This paper has built a model for the motorcycle vacuum rear tire by using modal parameters and also developed a method for researching vertical properties of motorcycle vacuum rear tire.
3. The model experiment platform was built by the virtual instrument measurement technology where the hardware is composed by Lance sensor; signal conditioning instruments and NI data acquisition cards, and the software is N-modal 3.0 developed by NUAA. The actual application showed that the experiment platform is successful.
一、对摩托车真空胎(后胎)进行了径向与切向激振模态实验,分别测量了径向和切向两个方向的响应,并成功地得到了径向与切向两个方向的模态参数。
二、利用摩托车真空胎的模态参数初步建立了摩托车真空胎的垂直特性模型,提供了一种研究摩托车真空胎垂直特性的方法。
三、用虚拟仪器测试技术构建了摩托车轮胎模态实验平台,该平台由Lance传感器、信号调理器和NI数据采集卡等硬件组成,模态分析软件是南京航空航天大学(NUAA)开发的N-Model 3.0,实际应用证明该实验平台是成功的。
The motorcycle tire is the support and transmission unit between the motorcycle and road, its static and dynamic characteristic is one of the most important factors that influence the motorcycle running performance. Today in the world, the research of automobile tire and how to build the model of tire dynamics are gradually perfect, but the study for motorcycle tire is few. According to the thought of using modal parameters of the tire to build tire model, this paper have studied the motorcycle tire of type YX—P27 and obtained the modal parameters. Then the motorcycle vacuum rear tire model for static vertical properties is built by using the experimental modal parameters. The different characteristics of deformation of the carcass and the crown, and their roles in the produce of contact patch are discussed. The iterative algorithm is adopted to solve the equation of the tire mode. Finally, this paper discusses the dynamic vertical properties by using the modal parameters. The chief research of the paper is as follows:
1. In this paper, the modal experiments of the motorcycle vacuum rear tire are carried out with the excitation in radial and tangential direction while the responses both in radial and tangential directions are measured, and also the modal parameters have been obtained successfully.
2. This paper has built a model for the motorcycle vacuum rear tire by using modal parameters and also developed a method for researching vertical properties of motorcycle vacuum rear tire.
3. The model experiment platform was built by the virtual instrument measurement technology where the hardware is composed by Lance sensor; signal conditioning instruments and NI data acquisition cards, and the software is N-modal 3.0 developed by NUAA. The actual application showed that the experiment platform is successful.
引文
[1]张泽奇.2007年摩托车行业发展趋势预测[J].摩托车信息,2007,(03).
[2]盘点.2006十大事件[J].摩托车技术,2007,(02).
[3]王国强.2006年我国摩托车行业运行情况分析[J].摩托车技术,2007,(03).
[4]晓青.摩托车的应用及市场前景[J].交通与运输,2006,(03).
[5]江门市摩托车产业集群[J].现代乡镇,2006,(01).
[6]名牌摩托“江门制造”--透视江门摩托车产业基地[J].中国质量万里行,2006,(06).
[7]卫云棠.江门:走向“摩托车强市”任重道远--江门市摩托车工业专利状况调研报告[J].五邑大学学报(社会科学版),2006,(01).
[8]江门为再度辉煌蓄力[J].摩托车技术,2006,(06).
[9]江门市摩托车产业发展综述[J].中国汽摩配,2006,(12).
[10]程国飞.摩托车轮胎试验模态研究[D].广东江门:五邑大学.2007年.
[11]谢永强.轮胎模态分析与应用[D].吉林:吉林大学.2007年.
[12]吴卫东.轮胎试验模态分析和用试验模态参数建立轮胎模型的研究[D].北京:清华大学.1996.
[13]范成建,管迪华.利用试验模态参数对轮胎包容特性的建模及试验验证[J].汽车工程,2006,28(2):138-142.
[14]汪凤泉,郑万泔.试验振动分析[M].江苏:江苏科学技术出版社,1988.沃德·海伦,斯蒂芬·拉门兹等著.模态分析理论与试验[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社.
[15]傅志方,华宏星.模态分析理论与应用[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2000.
[16]李德葆,陆秋海.工程振动试验分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社.
[17]姚志远.大型工程结构模态识别的理论和方法研究[D].南京:东南大学.
[18]谭冬梅,姚三,瞿伟廉.振动模态的参数识别综述[J].华中科技大学学报,2002,19(3):73-78.
[19]续秀忠,华宏星,陈兆能.基于环境激励的模态参数辫识方法综述[J].振动与冲击,2002,21(3):1-5.
[20]管迪华,董培蕾,范成建.轮胎自由与约束悬置的模态试验综合分析.[D].北京:汽车工程,2003,25(4):353-359.
[21]张艾谦.利用实验模态对汽车轮胎滚动建模的研究.[D].北京:清华大学.2001.
[22]沃德·海伦,斯蒂芬·拉门兹等著.模态分析理论与试验[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社.
[23]管迪华,张艾谦,吴卫东.用模态方法分析轮胎印迹内摩擦力及不同表面垂直特性[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),1998,39(2):98-101.
[24]吴卫东,管迪华.利用试验模态参数研究轮胎与地面接触问题.清华大学学报,1996(10).
[25]http://baike.baidu.com/view/423482.htm.
[26]瞿宏敏,程军.汽车动力学模拟中的轮胎模型述评[J]汽车技术,1996,(07).
[27]王和毅,谷正气.汽车轮胎模型研究现状及其发展分析[J]橡胶工业,2005,(01).
[28]王裕鹏,赵龙庆.典型轮胎模型及其发展趋势[J].农业装备与车辆工程,2006,(12).
[29]庄继德.汽车轮胎学[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1995.
[30]Kennedy R.H,Patel H.P,Meminn M.S.Radial truck tire inflation analysis:theory and experiment[J].Rubber Chemistry and Technology,1981,54(4):751-756.
[31]Tseng N.T,Pelle R.G,Chang J.P,Warholic T.C.Finite element simulation of Destructive Tire Testing[J].Tire Science and Technology,1991,19(1):2-22.
[32]Ridha R.A,Satyamurthy K,Hirschfelt L.R.Finite element modeling of a Homogeneous pneumatic tire subjected to footprint loadings[J].Tire Science and Technology,1985,12(2).
[33]Pacejka H B,Bakker E.The Magic Formula Tyre Model[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,1992
[34]郭孔辉.汽车操纵动力学[M].长春:吉林科技出版社.
[35]Zegelaar PWA.The dynamic response of tyres to break torque variations and road unevennesses Dissertation[J].Delft University of Technology,1998.
[36]Manurice J P.Short wavelength and dynamic tyre behaviour under lateral and combined slip conditions.Dissertation[J].Delft University of Technology,2000.
[2]盘点.2006十大事件[J].摩托车技术,2007,(02).
[3]王国强.2006年我国摩托车行业运行情况分析[J].摩托车技术,2007,(03).
[4]晓青.摩托车的应用及市场前景[J].交通与运输,2006,(03).
[5]江门市摩托车产业集群[J].现代乡镇,2006,(01).
[6]名牌摩托“江门制造”--透视江门摩托车产业基地[J].中国质量万里行,2006,(06).
[7]卫云棠.江门:走向“摩托车强市”任重道远--江门市摩托车工业专利状况调研报告[J].五邑大学学报(社会科学版),2006,(01).
[8]江门为再度辉煌蓄力[J].摩托车技术,2006,(06).
[9]江门市摩托车产业发展综述[J].中国汽摩配,2006,(12).
[10]程国飞.摩托车轮胎试验模态研究[D].广东江门:五邑大学.2007年.
[11]谢永强.轮胎模态分析与应用[D].吉林:吉林大学.2007年.
[12]吴卫东.轮胎试验模态分析和用试验模态参数建立轮胎模型的研究[D].北京:清华大学.1996.
[13]范成建,管迪华.利用试验模态参数对轮胎包容特性的建模及试验验证[J].汽车工程,2006,28(2):138-142.
[14]汪凤泉,郑万泔.试验振动分析[M].江苏:江苏科学技术出版社,1988.沃德·海伦,斯蒂芬·拉门兹等著.模态分析理论与试验[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社.
[15]傅志方,华宏星.模态分析理论与应用[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2000.
[16]李德葆,陆秋海.工程振动试验分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社.
[17]姚志远.大型工程结构模态识别的理论和方法研究[D].南京:东南大学.
[18]谭冬梅,姚三,瞿伟廉.振动模态的参数识别综述[J].华中科技大学学报,2002,19(3):73-78.
[19]续秀忠,华宏星,陈兆能.基于环境激励的模态参数辫识方法综述[J].振动与冲击,2002,21(3):1-5.
[20]管迪华,董培蕾,范成建.轮胎自由与约束悬置的模态试验综合分析.[D].北京:汽车工程,2003,25(4):353-359.
[21]张艾谦.利用实验模态对汽车轮胎滚动建模的研究.[D].北京:清华大学.2001.
[22]沃德·海伦,斯蒂芬·拉门兹等著.模态分析理论与试验[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社.
[23]管迪华,张艾谦,吴卫东.用模态方法分析轮胎印迹内摩擦力及不同表面垂直特性[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),1998,39(2):98-101.
[24]吴卫东,管迪华.利用试验模态参数研究轮胎与地面接触问题.清华大学学报,1996(10).
[25]http://baike.baidu.com/view/423482.htm.
[26]瞿宏敏,程军.汽车动力学模拟中的轮胎模型述评[J]汽车技术,1996,(07).
[27]王和毅,谷正气.汽车轮胎模型研究现状及其发展分析[J]橡胶工业,2005,(01).
[28]王裕鹏,赵龙庆.典型轮胎模型及其发展趋势[J].农业装备与车辆工程,2006,(12).
[29]庄继德.汽车轮胎学[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1995.
[30]Kennedy R.H,Patel H.P,Meminn M.S.Radial truck tire inflation analysis:theory and experiment[J].Rubber Chemistry and Technology,1981,54(4):751-756.
[31]Tseng N.T,Pelle R.G,Chang J.P,Warholic T.C.Finite element simulation of Destructive Tire Testing[J].Tire Science and Technology,1991,19(1):2-22.
[32]Ridha R.A,Satyamurthy K,Hirschfelt L.R.Finite element modeling of a Homogeneous pneumatic tire subjected to footprint loadings[J].Tire Science and Technology,1985,12(2).
[33]Pacejka H B,Bakker E.The Magic Formula Tyre Model[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,1992
[34]郭孔辉.汽车操纵动力学[M].长春:吉林科技出版社.
[35]Zegelaar PWA.The dynamic response of tyres to break torque variations and road unevennesses Dissertation[J].Delft University of Technology,1998.
[36]Manurice J P.Short wavelength and dynamic tyre behaviour under lateral and combined slip conditions.Dissertation[J].Delft University of Technology,2000.