MES通用数据采集终端的研究与实现
摘要
通用数据采集终端是MES系统中基础信息来源的关键设备。及时、有效地采集车间底层信息,并实现数据的实时互动是实现车间过程管理自动化、信息化、智能化的基本前提。本终端综合3种的通讯技术,多种数据采集手段,拥有灵活的应用软件框架,具有安装和维护方便、价格低廉与通用性强等显著优点。通用与高集成的采集技术是MES系统中的核心技术之一,因此,本文的研究课题具有很大的理论和应用价值。
本文以广东工业大学工程训练中心——RFID工程应用示范基地(国家示范基地)与广州市攻关项目——双频电子标签在制造业产品全生命周期管理的应用及标准研究为研究平台,研究开发了针对MES的数据采集终端。论文针对数据采集终端设计来展开,主要包括以下工作:
(1)深入了解制造业产品全生命周期管理过程,针对具体的问题给出了解决方法。
(2)采用实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ作为数据采集终端的软件平台。
(3)研究和分析了多种通讯方式的关键技术,不仅移植了嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈,还提出了一种基于总线通讯下的竞争轮询协议。
(4)针对制造业的特点,提出了一种新数据采集的模型以便进一步加快系统在不同企业的推广速度。
本文不仅对系统的关键技术进行了研究,同时也从一个应用的角度对系统进行了优化和实现。目前,本文的研究成果已应用于广东省多个制造业企业,并取得了较满意的效果,具有较大的经济价值和应用前景。
Universal data acquisition terminal is the key equipment to collect the fundamental information from MES. Collecting the basis information of the workshop effectively and duly and realizing the real-time data processing is the precondition to make the management automation, information and intelligence. Three kinds of communications techniques and a variety of data acquisition methods are integrated in this terminal. The application framework of this terminal is flexible. Besides these advantages, this terminal can achieve convenience of installation and maintenance, low prices and high universality. Universal and highly integrated data acquisition terminal is one of the key technologies in MES system. Therefore, the subject of this dissertation is of great significance in both theoretic and practice.
The dissertation researches and develops the data collection terminal of MES is based on two projects. One of the projects is "Technology-RFID Application Demonstration bases (national demonstration bases)" which is located in the Engineering Training Center of Guangdong University. The other is "The Guangzhou City's project-sub-band" which research platform is sub-frequency RFID in the manufacturing product life cycle management and the application of standard platform. This paper takes the data acquisition terminal as object and the main contents are as follows:
(1) Analyzing the manufacturing product life cycle management process deeply and giving the solutions for specific questions.
(2) Using the real-time operating systemμC/OS-Ⅱas the data acquisition terminal's software platform.
(3) Researching many key technologies of communication, not only migrate an embedded TCP/IP protocol stack, but also propose a bus-based communications protocol-Competition Polling protocol.
(4) Against the characteristics of the manufacturing, a new model of data acquisition is designed to further accelerate the applications of the system in different enterprise.
This paper not only has been studied the key technology of the system, but also optimizes and realizes the system from the perspective of an application. At present, the paper's research results have been applied to many manufacturing enterprises in Guangdong Province, and have achieved satisfactory results. So this system has a greater economic value and prospects.
本文以广东工业大学工程训练中心——RFID工程应用示范基地(国家示范基地)与广州市攻关项目——双频电子标签在制造业产品全生命周期管理的应用及标准研究为研究平台,研究开发了针对MES的数据采集终端。论文针对数据采集终端设计来展开,主要包括以下工作:
(1)深入了解制造业产品全生命周期管理过程,针对具体的问题给出了解决方法。
(2)采用实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ作为数据采集终端的软件平台。
(3)研究和分析了多种通讯方式的关键技术,不仅移植了嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈,还提出了一种基于总线通讯下的竞争轮询协议。
(4)针对制造业的特点,提出了一种新数据采集的模型以便进一步加快系统在不同企业的推广速度。
本文不仅对系统的关键技术进行了研究,同时也从一个应用的角度对系统进行了优化和实现。目前,本文的研究成果已应用于广东省多个制造业企业,并取得了较满意的效果,具有较大的经济价值和应用前景。
Universal data acquisition terminal is the key equipment to collect the fundamental information from MES. Collecting the basis information of the workshop effectively and duly and realizing the real-time data processing is the precondition to make the management automation, information and intelligence. Three kinds of communications techniques and a variety of data acquisition methods are integrated in this terminal. The application framework of this terminal is flexible. Besides these advantages, this terminal can achieve convenience of installation and maintenance, low prices and high universality. Universal and highly integrated data acquisition terminal is one of the key technologies in MES system. Therefore, the subject of this dissertation is of great significance in both theoretic and practice.
The dissertation researches and develops the data collection terminal of MES is based on two projects. One of the projects is "Technology-RFID Application Demonstration bases (national demonstration bases)" which is located in the Engineering Training Center of Guangdong University. The other is "The Guangzhou City's project-sub-band" which research platform is sub-frequency RFID in the manufacturing product life cycle management and the application of standard platform. This paper takes the data acquisition terminal as object and the main contents are as follows:
(1) Analyzing the manufacturing product life cycle management process deeply and giving the solutions for specific questions.
(2) Using the real-time operating systemμC/OS-Ⅱas the data acquisition terminal's software platform.
(3) Researching many key technologies of communication, not only migrate an embedded TCP/IP protocol stack, but also propose a bus-based communications protocol-Competition Polling protocol.
(4) Against the characteristics of the manufacturing, a new model of data acquisition is designed to further accelerate the applications of the system in different enterprise.
This paper not only has been studied the key technology of the system, but also optimizes and realizes the system from the perspective of an application. At present, the paper's research results have been applied to many manufacturing enterprises in Guangdong Province, and have achieved satisfactory results. So this system has a greater economic value and prospects.
引文
[1]植俊文.基于RFID的MES系统设计.广东工业大学工学硕士学位论文.2006.05.
[2]宋玉龙.制造业信息化发展现状与趋势.http://www.cipstc.com/bbs/htm_data/18/0602/1153.html.
[3]胡春,李平,宋执环等.制造执行系统体系结构中功能模型的研究IJI.信息与控制.2000年.
[4]佚名,MES定义及其应用解析http://soft.chinabyte.com/368/7546868_1.shtml.2007.09.11
[5]三星公司.S3C44BOX Data Sheet.http://www.samsung.com.
[6]Jean Labrosse.MicroC/OS-Ⅱ,The Real-Time Kernel(Second Edition)[M].Kansas:R&D Publications,2002.
[7]Jean J.Labrosse.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ(第二版).北京航空航天大学出版社 2004.03.
[8]张静,张凯.实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ在ARM7上移植的研究与实现.计算机工程与应用,2004.4(3):P100-102.
[9]李驹光,聂雪媛,江泽明等.ARM应用系统开发详解-基于S3C4510B的体统设计.北京:清华大学出版社.2003.
[10]Adam Dunkels.LwIP source code.
[11]Adam Dunkels.sys_arch.tex in LwIP source code.
[12]Adam Dunkels.Design and Implementation of the LWIP TCP/IP Stack[M].Sweden:Swedish Institude of Computer Science,2001.
[13]杜春雷.ARM体系结构与编程.北京:清华大学出版社.2003.
[14]Kemal Akkaya et al.A Survey on Routing Protoeols for wireless Sensor Networks.in the Elsevier Ad Hoc Network Journal.August 2003.
[15]田泽编著.嵌入式系统开发与应用[M].北京航天航空出版社.2005.01.
[16]张洪彬,柳吉龄,齐伟,刘振伟.一种高速数据采集系统的实现[J].中国测试 技术.2007.33(1):125-127.
[17]吴明晖,徐睿,黄健等.基于ARM的嵌入式开发与应用.北京:人民邮电出版社.2004.
[18]杨健,张慧慧.基于嵌入式系统的数据采集系统网络接入的设计与实现.仪器仪表学报(增刊).2005.
[19]周立功.ARM嵌入式系统基础教程.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社.2005.
[20]马明建.数据采集与处理技术(第二版).西安:西安交通大学出版社.2005.
[21]张侖.32位嵌入式系统硬件设计与调试.北京:机械工业出版社.2005.
[22]江俊辉.基于ARM的嵌入式系统硬件设计.微计算机信息(嵌入式与SoC).2005.21(7-2):120-122.
[23]杜平安.制造业信息化的发展与现状研究JII.中国机械工程.2003年7月,第13期.1126-1130.
[24]MESA Intenrational,"Exeeution-Driven Mnauafeutring Managrnenet for Cmopetitive Advantage"[C],White PaPer No.5,1997.
[25]焦海波.TCP/IP议栈LwIP的设计与实现.2006.
[26]REALTEK 公司.RTL8019AS DataSheet.2000.
[27]Micrium.http://www.micrium.com.
[28]李琼.嵌入式TCP/IP协议在ARM上的实现及应用.微计算机应用.2005(6):755-756.
[29]DOUSLAS E.COMER,David L.Stevens.用TCP/IP进行网际互连.第1卷 原理、协议和体系结构,第三版.电子工业出版社.1998.
[30]王兴伟.分布式多媒体系统服务质量管理与组通信机制的研究[博士学位论文].沈阳:东北大学.1998.
[31](美)DREAMTECK软件研发组著.王勇等译.嵌入式系统编程源代码解析.电子工业出版社.2002.
[32]何珏,基于μC/OS-Ⅱ的嵌入式以太网网关在ARM7的实现研究.上海交通大学硕士学位论文.2007.
[33]RFC761.Trasmission Control Protocol.
[34]IEEE Std 802.15.4-2003 IEEE standard for information technology:Telecommunications and information exchange between systems:local and metropolitan area networks specific requiremems:part 15.4 Wireless medium access control(MAC)and physical layer(PHY)specification for low-rate wireless personal area networks {LR-WPANs}[R].The IEEE press,Inc,2003.
[35]孙利民,李建中等.无线传感器网络[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.
[36]刘媛,孙艺红,程君等.无线传感器网络通用平台的研发[J].控制工程,2006,13(2):123-126.
[37]陈聪,冯玉林,施惠昌等.基于IEEE802.15.4的Ad hoc网络路由协议研究[J].微计算机信息,2006,22(5-3):124-126.
[38]Jianliang Zheng,Myung J.Lee."A comprehensive performance study of IEEES02.15.4"[M].IEEE Press Book,2004.
[39]Jianliang Zheng,Myung J.Lee."Will IEEE 802.15.4 Make Ubiquitous Networking a Reality?:A Discussion on a Potential Low Power,Low Bit Rate Standard"[J].IEEE Communications Magazine,2004,140-146.
[40]FLAMINIO BORGONOVO,LUCA CAMPELLI,MATTEO CESANA "TOPOLOGY CONTROL IN AD HOC NETWORKS:A MAC LAYER SOLUTION" International Journal on Wireless and Optical Communications Vol.3,No.1(2006)101-117
[41]SEOKYUN JEONG,SUN HUR,JUNG-YOUG KIM "PARAMETER DECISION FOR ENHANCING PERFORMANCE OF WIRELESS LANs WITH PRIORITIZED MESSAGES" International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making Vol.6,No.2(2007)301-313
[2]宋玉龙.制造业信息化发展现状与趋势.http://www.cipstc.com/bbs/htm_data/18/0602/1153.html.
[3]胡春,李平,宋执环等.制造执行系统体系结构中功能模型的研究IJI.信息与控制.2000年.
[4]佚名,MES定义及其应用解析http://soft.chinabyte.com/368/7546868_1.shtml.2007.09.11
[5]三星公司.S3C44BOX Data Sheet.http://www.samsung.com.
[6]Jean Labrosse.MicroC/OS-Ⅱ,The Real-Time Kernel(Second Edition)[M].Kansas:R&D Publications,2002.
[7]Jean J.Labrosse.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ(第二版).北京航空航天大学出版社 2004.03.
[8]张静,张凯.实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ在ARM7上移植的研究与实现.计算机工程与应用,2004.4(3):P100-102.
[9]李驹光,聂雪媛,江泽明等.ARM应用系统开发详解-基于S3C4510B的体统设计.北京:清华大学出版社.2003.
[10]Adam Dunkels.LwIP source code.
[11]Adam Dunkels.sys_arch.tex in LwIP source code.
[12]Adam Dunkels.Design and Implementation of the LWIP TCP/IP Stack[M].Sweden:Swedish Institude of Computer Science,2001.
[13]杜春雷.ARM体系结构与编程.北京:清华大学出版社.2003.
[14]Kemal Akkaya et al.A Survey on Routing Protoeols for wireless Sensor Networks.in the Elsevier Ad Hoc Network Journal.August 2003.
[15]田泽编著.嵌入式系统开发与应用[M].北京航天航空出版社.2005.01.
[16]张洪彬,柳吉龄,齐伟,刘振伟.一种高速数据采集系统的实现[J].中国测试 技术.2007.33(1):125-127.
[17]吴明晖,徐睿,黄健等.基于ARM的嵌入式开发与应用.北京:人民邮电出版社.2004.
[18]杨健,张慧慧.基于嵌入式系统的数据采集系统网络接入的设计与实现.仪器仪表学报(增刊).2005.
[19]周立功.ARM嵌入式系统基础教程.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社.2005.
[20]马明建.数据采集与处理技术(第二版).西安:西安交通大学出版社.2005.
[21]张侖.32位嵌入式系统硬件设计与调试.北京:机械工业出版社.2005.
[22]江俊辉.基于ARM的嵌入式系统硬件设计.微计算机信息(嵌入式与SoC).2005.21(7-2):120-122.
[23]杜平安.制造业信息化的发展与现状研究JII.中国机械工程.2003年7月,第13期.1126-1130.
[24]MESA Intenrational,"Exeeution-Driven Mnauafeutring Managrnenet for Cmopetitive Advantage"[C],White PaPer No.5,1997.
[25]焦海波.TCP/IP议栈LwIP的设计与实现.2006.
[26]REALTEK 公司.RTL8019AS DataSheet.2000.
[27]Micrium.http://www.micrium.com.
[28]李琼.嵌入式TCP/IP协议在ARM上的实现及应用.微计算机应用.2005(6):755-756.
[29]DOUSLAS E.COMER,David L.Stevens.用TCP/IP进行网际互连.第1卷 原理、协议和体系结构,第三版.电子工业出版社.1998.
[30]王兴伟.分布式多媒体系统服务质量管理与组通信机制的研究[博士学位论文].沈阳:东北大学.1998.
[31](美)DREAMTECK软件研发组著.王勇等译.嵌入式系统编程源代码解析.电子工业出版社.2002.
[32]何珏,基于μC/OS-Ⅱ的嵌入式以太网网关在ARM7的实现研究.上海交通大学硕士学位论文.2007.
[33]RFC761.Trasmission Control Protocol.
[34]IEEE Std 802.15.4-2003 IEEE standard for information technology:Telecommunications and information exchange between systems:local and metropolitan area networks specific requiremems:part 15.4 Wireless medium access control(MAC)and physical layer(PHY)specification for low-rate wireless personal area networks {LR-WPANs}[R].The IEEE press,Inc,2003.
[35]孙利民,李建中等.无线传感器网络[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.
[36]刘媛,孙艺红,程君等.无线传感器网络通用平台的研发[J].控制工程,2006,13(2):123-126.
[37]陈聪,冯玉林,施惠昌等.基于IEEE802.15.4的Ad hoc网络路由协议研究[J].微计算机信息,2006,22(5-3):124-126.
[38]Jianliang Zheng,Myung J.Lee."A comprehensive performance study of IEEES02.15.4"[M].IEEE Press Book,2004.
[39]Jianliang Zheng,Myung J.Lee."Will IEEE 802.15.4 Make Ubiquitous Networking a Reality?:A Discussion on a Potential Low Power,Low Bit Rate Standard"[J].IEEE Communications Magazine,2004,140-146.
[40]FLAMINIO BORGONOVO,LUCA CAMPELLI,MATTEO CESANA "TOPOLOGY CONTROL IN AD HOC NETWORKS:A MAC LAYER SOLUTION" International Journal on Wireless and Optical Communications Vol.3,No.1(2006)101-117
[41]SEOKYUN JEONG,SUN HUR,JUNG-YOUG KIM "PARAMETER DECISION FOR ENHANCING PERFORMANCE OF WIRELESS LANs WITH PRIORITIZED MESSAGES" International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making Vol.6,No.2(2007)301-313