基于CMMI的软件过程改进在ISW的实施
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摘要
软件产业是信息产业的核心和灵魂,是国民经济发展的基础,是决定国家竞争力的战略产业,也是当前国际竞争的焦点和制高点。在软件产业中,软件外包服务是近几年逐渐发展起来的一支新兴的重要力量,它正在成为中国软件产业的重要增长点之一。
ISW是一家为开拓软件外包市场而设立的公司,主要业务为对日本和欧美的软件外包服务。公司自成立以来,一直非常重视培养企业的核心竞争力,将实施过程改进活动作为提高研发管理水平、保证软件产品质量的重要手段。基于CMMI的软件过程改进项目是ISW为实现此目标而启动的一个战略性项目。
本文通过分析ISW在快速发展过程中面临的挑战,基于当前国际上最有影响力的CMMI模型,根据企业自身的实际情况和业务特点,遵循改进的IDEAL模型实施了此软件过程改进项目。通过实施过程改进,建立了一套符合软件外包企业需求和CMMI标准的质量管理体系和软件过程,为ISW的长远发展奠定了坚实的管理基础,提高了企业的核心竞争力。
本文遵循GQ(I)M模型,在研究和理解对日软件外包项目管理需求的基础上,开发了一套覆盖组织级和项目级的软件度量体系,设计了度量过程和度量指标架构,为企业实施精细化管理提供了具体的方法和工具,满足了企业自身研发管理以及客户的要求。
本文对实施此次过程改进项目所产生的实际效果进行了定性和定量的分析。最后论文对项目下一步的改进方向进行了讨论,提出了作者自己的观点。
As the core of the information industry and the foundation of national economy, the software industry is a strategic one that determines a country's competitiveness and is regarded as the focus and commanding point of present-day international competition. In this industry, software oursourcing service is a burgeoning force which has been developing steadily in recent years and is becoming an important growing point for software industry in China.
ISW, a company engaged in exploiting the software outsourcing market, mainly focuses on providing service for businesses in Japan, Europe and America. The company has always put great emphasis on cultivating its core competitive power from the very beginning and regards process improvement as an important way to improve its research and management level as well as to guarantee the quality of its software products. The Process Improvement Project based on CMMI is a strategic program for ISW to realize this goal.
The present paper focuses on the software process improvement through an analysis of the challenges faced by ISW in its rapid growth. Based on CMMI—the most influential model in the world and the business specialty of the company, ISW successfully accomplishes the above-mentioned project by using the improved IDEAL model. In this course, it builds a quality management system and a software process which meet the requirements of software outsourcing and the CMMI standard, thus enhancing its core competitive power and laying a solid management foundation for ISW's long-term development.
In accordance with the GQ(I)M model and based on the study of the management requirement for the software oursourcing to Japan, the author develops in this paper a software measurement system which covers both the organization level and the project level. A measure process and a parameter framework are also constructed in this paper which provide methods and tools for the company's intensive management and meet the needs of the customers as well as the company itself for its future development and management.
Through a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the effects of the Process Improvement Project, the paper discusses in its last part the direction for the project's future improvement and proposes the author's peculiar viewpoint.
ISW是一家为开拓软件外包市场而设立的公司,主要业务为对日本和欧美的软件外包服务。公司自成立以来,一直非常重视培养企业的核心竞争力,将实施过程改进活动作为提高研发管理水平、保证软件产品质量的重要手段。基于CMMI的软件过程改进项目是ISW为实现此目标而启动的一个战略性项目。
本文通过分析ISW在快速发展过程中面临的挑战,基于当前国际上最有影响力的CMMI模型,根据企业自身的实际情况和业务特点,遵循改进的IDEAL模型实施了此软件过程改进项目。通过实施过程改进,建立了一套符合软件外包企业需求和CMMI标准的质量管理体系和软件过程,为ISW的长远发展奠定了坚实的管理基础,提高了企业的核心竞争力。
本文遵循GQ(I)M模型,在研究和理解对日软件外包项目管理需求的基础上,开发了一套覆盖组织级和项目级的软件度量体系,设计了度量过程和度量指标架构,为企业实施精细化管理提供了具体的方法和工具,满足了企业自身研发管理以及客户的要求。
本文对实施此次过程改进项目所产生的实际效果进行了定性和定量的分析。最后论文对项目下一步的改进方向进行了讨论,提出了作者自己的观点。
As the core of the information industry and the foundation of national economy, the software industry is a strategic one that determines a country's competitiveness and is regarded as the focus and commanding point of present-day international competition. In this industry, software oursourcing service is a burgeoning force which has been developing steadily in recent years and is becoming an important growing point for software industry in China.
ISW, a company engaged in exploiting the software outsourcing market, mainly focuses on providing service for businesses in Japan, Europe and America. The company has always put great emphasis on cultivating its core competitive power from the very beginning and regards process improvement as an important way to improve its research and management level as well as to guarantee the quality of its software products. The Process Improvement Project based on CMMI is a strategic program for ISW to realize this goal.
The present paper focuses on the software process improvement through an analysis of the challenges faced by ISW in its rapid growth. Based on CMMI—the most influential model in the world and the business specialty of the company, ISW successfully accomplishes the above-mentioned project by using the improved IDEAL model. In this course, it builds a quality management system and a software process which meet the requirements of software outsourcing and the CMMI standard, thus enhancing its core competitive power and laying a solid management foundation for ISW's long-term development.
In accordance with the GQ(I)M model and based on the study of the management requirement for the software oursourcing to Japan, the author develops in this paper a software measurement system which covers both the organization level and the project level. A measure process and a parameter framework are also constructed in this paper which provide methods and tools for the company's intensive management and meet the needs of the customers as well as the company itself for its future development and management.
Through a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the effects of the Process Improvement Project, the paper discusses in its last part the direction for the project's future improvement and proposes the author's peculiar viewpoint.
引文
[1]山东省信息产业厅.山东省软件产业发展研究,2006
[2]国家电子信息产业发展“十一五”划报告.信息产业部,2006
[3]2006年中国软件产业发展研究报告.信息产业部,2006
[4]2005-2006年中国软件外包服务市场研究年度报告.CCID,2006
[5]居德华.全球软件产业发展总体趋势及对策.计算机世界,2005
[6]罗运模.软件能力成熟度模型集成(CMMI)培训教程.清华大学出版社,2002
[7]SEI.Process Maturity Profile.CMU.2005
[8]李华北.从CMM到CMMI.电子质量,2002,第10期
[9]邢大红.基于度量的软件过程改进方法的研究.合肥工大博士论文,2004
[10]王宛龙.软件质量保障体系发展新趋势.Computer Weekly,2001
[11]张友生等.CMM/CMMI在中国的实施状况调查报告.计算机工程与应用,2006.07
[12]SEI.CMMI vl.1-SCAMPI vl.1 Class A Appraisal Results,September 2005
[13]周伯生.CMM评估和中国软件产业,2002
[14]ISO/IEC 15939.信息技术-软件测量过程,2002
[15]邢大红.软件度量学综述.计算机工程与应用,2001.1
[16]唐德权.深度精耕-日本软件企业精义解读.清华大学出版社,2004
[17]沙晋.建立有效的软件度量过程.http;//www.51testing.com
[18]ISW.ISW软件开发过程体系.内部资料,2005
[19]刘小茵 万举勇.6Sigma在CMMI中的应用.信息技术与标准化,2006.03
[20]钱云峰等.基于度量和知识的软件过程管理系统的研究.计算机工程与设计,2006.05
[21]何丹.探索基于CMMI的过程改进之道.信息技术与标准化,2006.02
[22]SEI,Capability Maturity Model Integration v1.1,Staged Representation,
[23]Carnegie Mellon University,2002.
[24]SEI,Capability Maturity Model Integration v1.1,Continuous Representation,Carnegie Mellon University,2002.
[25]SEI,Standard CMMI Appraisal Method for Process Improvement(SCAMPI)V1.1;Method Definition Document,December 2001
[26]John McGarry,David Card,Cheryl Jones著.吴超英译.实用软件度量.机械工业出版社,2003
[27]Inforsys.CMM实践应用.内部资料
[28]WILLIAM A.FLORAC,ANITA D.CARETON著.任爱华等译.度量软件过程-用于软件过程改进的统计过程控制.北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[29]周之英.现代软件工程.科学出版社,2002
[30]周伯生,吴超英,任爱华.CMMI精粹;集成化过程改进实用导论,机械工业出版社,2002.3
[31]白思俊.现代项目管理.机械工业出版社,2003
[32]PMI 著,卢有杰,王勇译.项目管理知识体系指南(第3版).电子工业出版社,2005
[33]CHRIS CHAPMAN,STEPHEN WARD著.李兆玉译.项目风险管理过程、技术和洞察力.电子工业出版社,2003
[2]国家电子信息产业发展“十一五”划报告.信息产业部,2006
[3]2006年中国软件产业发展研究报告.信息产业部,2006
[4]2005-2006年中国软件外包服务市场研究年度报告.CCID,2006
[5]居德华.全球软件产业发展总体趋势及对策.计算机世界,2005
[6]罗运模.软件能力成熟度模型集成(CMMI)培训教程.清华大学出版社,2002
[7]SEI.Process Maturity Profile.CMU.2005
[8]李华北.从CMM到CMMI.电子质量,2002,第10期
[9]邢大红.基于度量的软件过程改进方法的研究.合肥工大博士论文,2004
[10]王宛龙.软件质量保障体系发展新趋势.Computer Weekly,2001
[11]张友生等.CMM/CMMI在中国的实施状况调查报告.计算机工程与应用,2006.07
[12]SEI.CMMI vl.1-SCAMPI vl.1 Class A Appraisal Results,September 2005
[13]周伯生.CMM评估和中国软件产业,2002
[14]ISO/IEC 15939.信息技术-软件测量过程,2002
[15]邢大红.软件度量学综述.计算机工程与应用,2001.1
[16]唐德权.深度精耕-日本软件企业精义解读.清华大学出版社,2004
[17]沙晋.建立有效的软件度量过程.http;//www.51testing.com
[18]ISW.ISW软件开发过程体系.内部资料,2005
[19]刘小茵 万举勇.6Sigma在CMMI中的应用.信息技术与标准化,2006.03
[20]钱云峰等.基于度量和知识的软件过程管理系统的研究.计算机工程与设计,2006.05
[21]何丹.探索基于CMMI的过程改进之道.信息技术与标准化,2006.02
[22]SEI,Capability Maturity Model Integration v1.1,Staged Representation,
[23]Carnegie Mellon University,2002.
[24]SEI,Capability Maturity Model Integration v1.1,Continuous Representation,Carnegie Mellon University,2002.
[25]SEI,Standard CMMI Appraisal Method for Process Improvement(SCAMPI)V1.1;Method Definition Document,December 2001
[26]John McGarry,David Card,Cheryl Jones著.吴超英译.实用软件度量.机械工业出版社,2003
[27]Inforsys.CMM实践应用.内部资料
[28]WILLIAM A.FLORAC,ANITA D.CARETON著.任爱华等译.度量软件过程-用于软件过程改进的统计过程控制.北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[29]周之英.现代软件工程.科学出版社,2002
[30]周伯生,吴超英,任爱华.CMMI精粹;集成化过程改进实用导论,机械工业出版社,2002.3
[31]白思俊.现代项目管理.机械工业出版社,2003
[32]PMI 著,卢有杰,王勇译.项目管理知识体系指南(第3版).电子工业出版社,2005
[33]CHRIS CHAPMAN,STEPHEN WARD著.李兆玉译.项目风险管理过程、技术和洞察力.电子工业出版社,2003