锈蚀钢筋混凝土结构性能和钢筋阻锈剂性能的研究及应用
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摘要
主要研究锈蚀钢筋混凝土结构中锈蚀钢筋的力学性能退化、钢筋与混凝土间粘结性能退化、结构性能退化，混凝土中钢筋阻锈剂的阻锈性能等方面的内容。同时结合实际工程，介绍上述两方面的研究成果在工程实例中的应用。
(1)本文分析了锈蚀状态下混凝土中钢筋的应力-应变曲线特征变化、塑性性能退化、强度退化的一般规律。分析了钢筋与混凝土间粘接力与钢筋锈蚀程度的关系。通过总结国内外大量实验数据，分析了锈蚀钢筋混凝土受弯构件、轴心受压构件破坏模式、破坏特征，揭示了锈蚀钢筋混凝土基本性能退化与结构性能退化间的关系，介绍了锈蚀构件承载能力计算方法。分析了锈蚀钢筋混凝土性能退化的机理。
(2)介绍了国内外混凝土中钢筋锈蚀的防护技术、钢筋阻锈剂的性质、分类与作用原理。通过腐蚀电化学电位测试、浸泡试验等试验研究，对新型钢筋阻锈剂Sika901的阻锈性能进行了科学评价。
(3)在理论研究与试验研究的基础上，将上述研究成果分别应用于某加冰台结构可靠性鉴定和对该加冰台拆除重建工程上。
重建加冰台工程于2001年10月开始实施，2002年3月竣工投入使用。通过采取在混凝土中添加国内首次应用的Sika901钢筋阻锈剂等一系列防护措施，该加冰台自投产使用至今，经历了两年加冰作业的考验，结构体现了良好的抗锈蚀能力。
实践检验证明本文关于锈蚀钢筋混凝土结构性能研究和钢筋阻锈性能研究是科学合理的。在对钢筋混凝土结构进行设计时除按承载能力极限状态、正常使用极限状态两个基本原则设计外，还应根据结构工作环境对其耐久性进行设计，以保证结构按设计年限完成预定的使用功能。
In this paper,the mechanics behavior of the corroded steel bar ,the bond behavior between the concrete and the reinforcement steel, the structural behavior in the corroded reinforced concrete structure and the behavior of some corrosion inhibitors are studied.at meanwhile,an engineering projiected is given as a case to introduce the application of the aforementioned research in engineering practice.
1) In this thesis , the stress-strain curve ,the degradation behavior of the ductile strength of the reinforcement steel in the corroded concrete are analysed. Then the relationship of the reinforcement steel corrosion and the bond stress between the concrete and the reinforcement steel is also analysed. After summarizing a great deal of experimental datum at home and abroad, the destruction model and the the destructive characteristics of the corroded reinforced concrete bending element and axial compressive element are analysed, the relationship between the degradation behavior of the corrosive reinforced concrete and the degradation behavior of the structure is revealed, then the calculating method of the bearing capacity of the corrosive element is introduced and the principle of the degradation behavior of the corrosive reinforced concrete is analysed.
2) the rustproof technique of the reinforcement steel in the concrete is introduced,the characteristics classification and the active principle of steel corrosion inhibitors at home and abroad are studied by the corrosive electrical and chemical potential difference test and the comparictive experiment. The rustproof behavior of the new rebar inhibitor Sika901 is appraised.
3) On the basis of the theoretical research and the experimental results, the aforementioned study results are used in the appraisal of the
structural reliability and the rebuilding engineering of an ice-loading platform.
The engineering rebuilding a new ice-loading platform was from Oct. 2001 to Mar. 2002.By adoping a series of measures such as mixing rebar inhibitor Sika 901 being applied first in China into the concrete and so
7
on ,the new ice-loading platform has endured the proof from loading ice successfully,it's structure has incarnated excellent ability to resist the corrosion.
The engineering case has testified that the research results about behavior of the corroded reinforced concrete structure and some steel corrosion inhibitors are reasonable and reliable.In the design of the reinforced concrete structure,besides considering the ultimate limit states and the serviceability limit states,we should also consider the durable limit in the different work environments so that ensure the structure keep it's serving ability in the design time limit.
(1)本文分析了锈蚀状态下混凝土中钢筋的应力-应变曲线特征变化、塑性性能退化、强度退化的一般规律。分析了钢筋与混凝土间粘接力与钢筋锈蚀程度的关系。通过总结国内外大量实验数据，分析了锈蚀钢筋混凝土受弯构件、轴心受压构件破坏模式、破坏特征，揭示了锈蚀钢筋混凝土基本性能退化与结构性能退化间的关系，介绍了锈蚀构件承载能力计算方法。分析了锈蚀钢筋混凝土性能退化的机理。
(2)介绍了国内外混凝土中钢筋锈蚀的防护技术、钢筋阻锈剂的性质、分类与作用原理。通过腐蚀电化学电位测试、浸泡试验等试验研究，对新型钢筋阻锈剂Sika901的阻锈性能进行了科学评价。
(3)在理论研究与试验研究的基础上，将上述研究成果分别应用于某加冰台结构可靠性鉴定和对该加冰台拆除重建工程上。
重建加冰台工程于2001年10月开始实施，2002年3月竣工投入使用。通过采取在混凝土中添加国内首次应用的Sika901钢筋阻锈剂等一系列防护措施，该加冰台自投产使用至今，经历了两年加冰作业的考验，结构体现了良好的抗锈蚀能力。
实践检验证明本文关于锈蚀钢筋混凝土结构性能研究和钢筋阻锈性能研究是科学合理的。在对钢筋混凝土结构进行设计时除按承载能力极限状态、正常使用极限状态两个基本原则设计外，还应根据结构工作环境对其耐久性进行设计，以保证结构按设计年限完成预定的使用功能。
In this paper,the mechanics behavior of the corroded steel bar ,the bond behavior between the concrete and the reinforcement steel, the structural behavior in the corroded reinforced concrete structure and the behavior of some corrosion inhibitors are studied.at meanwhile,an engineering projiected is given as a case to introduce the application of the aforementioned research in engineering practice.
1) In this thesis , the stress-strain curve ,the degradation behavior of the ductile strength of the reinforcement steel in the corroded concrete are analysed. Then the relationship of the reinforcement steel corrosion and the bond stress between the concrete and the reinforcement steel is also analysed. After summarizing a great deal of experimental datum at home and abroad, the destruction model and the the destructive characteristics of the corroded reinforced concrete bending element and axial compressive element are analysed, the relationship between the degradation behavior of the corrosive reinforced concrete and the degradation behavior of the structure is revealed, then the calculating method of the bearing capacity of the corrosive element is introduced and the principle of the degradation behavior of the corrosive reinforced concrete is analysed.
2) the rustproof technique of the reinforcement steel in the concrete is introduced,the characteristics classification and the active principle of steel corrosion inhibitors at home and abroad are studied by the corrosive electrical and chemical potential difference test and the comparictive experiment. The rustproof behavior of the new rebar inhibitor Sika901 is appraised.
3) On the basis of the theoretical research and the experimental results, the aforementioned study results are used in the appraisal of the
structural reliability and the rebuilding engineering of an ice-loading platform.
The engineering rebuilding a new ice-loading platform was from Oct. 2001 to Mar. 2002.By adoping a series of measures such as mixing rebar inhibitor Sika 901 being applied first in China into the concrete and so
7
on ,the new ice-loading platform has endured the proof from loading ice successfully,it's structure has incarnated excellent ability to resist the corrosion.
The engineering case has testified that the research results about behavior of the corroded reinforced concrete structure and some steel corrosion inhibitors are reasonable and reliable.In the design of the reinforced concrete structure,besides considering the ultimate limit states and the serviceability limit states,we should also consider the durable limit in the different work environments so that ensure the structure keep it's serving ability in the design time limit.
引文
[1] Gonzalez J A, Feliu S, Rodrigucz P., etal. Some Questions on the Corrosion of Steel in Concrete-Part 1: when how and how much steel corrodes. Materials and Structures, 1996, 29(6): 40-45
[2] Gonzalez J A, Andrade C, Alonso C, et al. Comparison of Rates of General Corrosion and Maximum Pitting Penetration on Concrete Embedded Steel. Cement and Concrete Research, 1995, 25(4): 257-264
[3] Slater J E. Magnitude of the Problem, ASTM, STP818. Corrosion of Metals in Association with Concrete, 1983, (6):5-9
[4] 贾福萍，秦杰．锈蚀钢筋混凝土研究现状和方向．化工腐蚀与防护，1997，25(3)：24-30
[5] 林志伸，惠云玲．我国工业厂房混凝土结构耐久性的宏观调研．工业建筑，1997(6)：15-18
[6] Arya C, Ofori-Darko F K. Influence of Crack Frequency on Reinforcement Corrosion in Concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 1996, 26(3):345-353
[7] Jemberg P, Sjostrom C. Prediction of Service Life of Building Materials and Components State of the Art Report. Materials and Structures, Supplement, 1997, (3):22-25
[8] 小林丰治．混凝土中钢筋锈蚀的机理．混凝土与建筑构件，1982，(1)：56-55
[9] 惠云玲，郭永重．混凝土结构中钢筋锈蚀机理、特征及检测评定方法．工业建筑，2002，32(2)：5-7
[10] 阿列克谢耶夫著．钢筋混凝土结构中钢筋腐蚀与保护．黄可信，吴兴祖等译．中国建筑工业出版社，1983，76-79
[11] Papadakis V G, Vayenas C G.A Reaction Engineering Approach to the Problem of Concrete carbonation. AICHE Journal, 1989,35(10):4-7
[12] 刘西拉．混凝土结构中的钢筋腐蚀及其耐久性计算．土木工程学报，1990，4：9-12
[13] 徐名涛．混凝土中钢筋腐蚀模型验证分析．西安建筑科技大学学报，1999，6：12-15
[14] 牛获涛，王庆霖，王林科．锈蚀开裂后混凝土中钢筋锈蚀量的预测．工业建筑，1996，26(4)：11-13
[15] 洪乃丰．钢筋混凝土桥梁的防护与钢筋阻锈剂．公路，2002，(4)：94-97
[16] Neal S. Break Protection Against Chloride Induced Corrosion. Concrete International, 1998, (12): 18-25
[17] Steven F. Daily Corrosion Protection of New Reinforced Concrete Structures in Aggressive Environments. Corrosion, 98, (6):28-31
[18] 杨健森．氯盐对混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀机理与防腐技术．混凝土，2001，(7)：52-56
[19] Park R, Paulay T. Reinforced Concrete Structures. A Wiley-Interscience Publication, 1975:98-104
[20] 袁迎曙，贾福萍，蔡跃．锈蚀钢筋的力学性能退化研究．工业建筑，2000，30(1)：43-46
[21] 惠云玲，林志伸，李荣．锈蚀钢筋性能试验研究分析．工业建筑，1997，27(6)：10-13
[22] 惠云玲．锈蚀钢筋力学性能变化初探．工业建筑，1992，22(10)：33-36
[23] 郭院成，王东炜，赵卓．在役受腐蚀结构的耐久性评估．华北水利水电学院学报，1995，16(1)：28-31
[24] 丁威，崔国惠．大气条件下混凝土中钢筋锈蚀程度发展对保护层开裂和钢筋力学性能影响的试验研究．混凝土，2000，(1)：38-41
[25] 张平生，李晓燕．锈损钢筋的力学性能．工业建筑1995，25(9)：41-44
[26] 张伟平，张誉．混凝土中钢筋锈胀过程的计算机仿真分析．同济大学学报，2001，29(11)：1374-1377
[27] Amleh L, Mirza S. Corrosion Influence on Bond Between Steel and Concrete. ACI Structural Journal, 1999,96(3):415-423
[28] Cabrera J G. Deterioration of Concrete Due to Reinforcement Steel Corrosion. Cement and Concrete Research, 1993, 45(162):1-9
[29] 范颖芳，黄振国，李健美．受腐蚀钢筋混凝土构件中钢筋与混凝土粘结性能研究．工业建筑，1999，29(8)：49-51
[30] 潘振华，牛荻涛，王庆霖．锈蚀率与极限粘结强度关系的试验研究．工业建筑，\000，30(5)：10-12
[31] 项学汉．裂缝宽度保护层与钢筋锈蚀的研讨．建工技术 1995，(1)：27-28
[32] 惠云玲，李荣．混凝土基本构件钢筋锈蚀前后性能试验研究．工业建筑，1997，27(6)：14-18
[33] 王庆霖，池永亮，牛狄涛．锈后无粘结钢筋混凝土梁的模拟试验与分析．建筑结构，2001，31(4)：51-53
[34] Aiwlullah A Almusallam, Ahmad SAlgahtani, Abdur Aziz. Effect of Reinforcement Corrosion on Flexural Behavior of Concrete Slabs. Journal of Materials in Civil
Engineering, 1996,8(3):123-127
[35] G J Al-Sulaimain, M Kaleemullah, J A Basumbul. Influence of Corrosion and Cracking on Bond Behavior and Strength of Reinforced Concrete Members. ACI Structural Journal, 1990, 87(2): 220-231
[36] Pritpal S Mangat, Mahmoud S Flgart. Flexural Strength of Concrete Beams with Corroding Reinforcement. ACI Structural Journal, 1999,96(1): 149-158
[37] 洪乃丰．国内外钢筋阻锈剂概述．工业建筑，1998，28(11)：14-18
[38] 李伟．钢筋阻锈剂的防腐机理及相关规范．有色矿山，2000，29(7)：49-50
[39] 王胜先，林薇薇，张娟．新型阻锈剂对钢筋混凝土阻锈作用的研究．建筑材料学报，2001，4(1)：33-38
[40] 中华人民共和国建设部．民用建筑可靠性鉴定标准(GB 50292-1999)．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1999
[41] 中华人民共和国建设部．工业厂房可靠性鉴定标准(GBJ 144-90)．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1990
[42] 中华人民共和国建设部．回弹法检测混凝土抗压强度技术规程(JGJ／T 23-92)．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1992
[43] 中华人民共和国建设部．混凝土结构设计规范(GBJ 10-89)．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1989
[44] 中华人民共和国建设部．工业建筑防腐设计规范(GBJ 46-82)．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1982
[45] 中华人民共和国建设部．工业建筑防腐设计规范(GB 50046-95)．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1995
[2] Gonzalez J A, Andrade C, Alonso C, et al. Comparison of Rates of General Corrosion and Maximum Pitting Penetration on Concrete Embedded Steel. Cement and Concrete Research, 1995, 25(4): 257-264
[3] Slater J E. Magnitude of the Problem, ASTM, STP818. Corrosion of Metals in Association with Concrete, 1983, (6):5-9
[4] 贾福萍，秦杰．锈蚀钢筋混凝土研究现状和方向．化工腐蚀与防护，1997，25(3)：24-30
[5] 林志伸，惠云玲．我国工业厂房混凝土结构耐久性的宏观调研．工业建筑，1997(6)：15-18
[6] Arya C, Ofori-Darko F K. Influence of Crack Frequency on Reinforcement Corrosion in Concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 1996, 26(3):345-353
[7] Jemberg P, Sjostrom C. Prediction of Service Life of Building Materials and Components State of the Art Report. Materials and Structures, Supplement, 1997, (3):22-25
[8] 小林丰治．混凝土中钢筋锈蚀的机理．混凝土与建筑构件，1982，(1)：56-55
[9] 惠云玲，郭永重．混凝土结构中钢筋锈蚀机理、特征及检测评定方法．工业建筑，2002，32(2)：5-7
[10] 阿列克谢耶夫著．钢筋混凝土结构中钢筋腐蚀与保护．黄可信，吴兴祖等译．中国建筑工业出版社，1983，76-79
[11] Papadakis V G, Vayenas C G.A Reaction Engineering Approach to the Problem of Concrete carbonation. AICHE Journal, 1989,35(10):4-7
[12] 刘西拉．混凝土结构中的钢筋腐蚀及其耐久性计算．土木工程学报，1990，4：9-12
[13] 徐名涛．混凝土中钢筋腐蚀模型验证分析．西安建筑科技大学学报，1999，6：12-15
[14] 牛获涛，王庆霖，王林科．锈蚀开裂后混凝土中钢筋锈蚀量的预测．工业建筑，1996，26(4)：11-13
[15] 洪乃丰．钢筋混凝土桥梁的防护与钢筋阻锈剂．公路，2002，(4)：94-97
[16] Neal S. Break Protection Against Chloride Induced Corrosion. Concrete International, 1998, (12): 18-25
[17] Steven F. Daily Corrosion Protection of New Reinforced Concrete Structures in Aggressive Environments. Corrosion, 98, (6):28-31
[18] 杨健森．氯盐对混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀机理与防腐技术．混凝土，2001，(7)：52-56
[19] Park R, Paulay T. Reinforced Concrete Structures. A Wiley-Interscience Publication, 1975:98-104
[20] 袁迎曙，贾福萍，蔡跃．锈蚀钢筋的力学性能退化研究．工业建筑，2000，30(1)：43-46
[21] 惠云玲，林志伸，李荣．锈蚀钢筋性能试验研究分析．工业建筑，1997，27(6)：10-13
[22] 惠云玲．锈蚀钢筋力学性能变化初探．工业建筑，1992，22(10)：33-36
[23] 郭院成，王东炜，赵卓．在役受腐蚀结构的耐久性评估．华北水利水电学院学报，1995，16(1)：28-31
[24] 丁威，崔国惠．大气条件下混凝土中钢筋锈蚀程度发展对保护层开裂和钢筋力学性能影响的试验研究．混凝土，2000，(1)：38-41
[25] 张平生，李晓燕．锈损钢筋的力学性能．工业建筑1995，25(9)：41-44
[26] 张伟平，张誉．混凝土中钢筋锈胀过程的计算机仿真分析．同济大学学报，2001，29(11)：1374-1377
[27] Amleh L, Mirza S. Corrosion Influence on Bond Between Steel and Concrete. ACI Structural Journal, 1999,96(3):415-423
[28] Cabrera J G. Deterioration of Concrete Due to Reinforcement Steel Corrosion. Cement and Concrete Research, 1993, 45(162):1-9
[29] 范颖芳，黄振国，李健美．受腐蚀钢筋混凝土构件中钢筋与混凝土粘结性能研究．工业建筑，1999，29(8)：49-51
[30] 潘振华，牛荻涛，王庆霖．锈蚀率与极限粘结强度关系的试验研究．工业建筑，\000，30(5)：10-12
[31] 项学汉．裂缝宽度保护层与钢筋锈蚀的研讨．建工技术 1995，(1)：27-28
[32] 惠云玲，李荣．混凝土基本构件钢筋锈蚀前后性能试验研究．工业建筑，1997，27(6)：14-18
[33] 王庆霖，池永亮，牛狄涛．锈后无粘结钢筋混凝土梁的模拟试验与分析．建筑结构，2001，31(4)：51-53
[34] Aiwlullah A Almusallam, Ahmad SAlgahtani, Abdur Aziz. Effect of Reinforcement Corrosion on Flexural Behavior of Concrete Slabs. Journal of Materials in Civil
Engineering, 1996,8(3):123-127
[35] G J Al-Sulaimain, M Kaleemullah, J A Basumbul. Influence of Corrosion and Cracking on Bond Behavior and Strength of Reinforced Concrete Members. ACI Structural Journal, 1990, 87(2): 220-231
[36] Pritpal S Mangat, Mahmoud S Flgart. Flexural Strength of Concrete Beams with Corroding Reinforcement. ACI Structural Journal, 1999,96(1): 149-158
[37] 洪乃丰．国内外钢筋阻锈剂概述．工业建筑，1998，28(11)：14-18
[38] 李伟．钢筋阻锈剂的防腐机理及相关规范．有色矿山，2000，29(7)：49-50
[39] 王胜先，林薇薇，张娟．新型阻锈剂对钢筋混凝土阻锈作用的研究．建筑材料学报，2001，4(1)：33-38
[40] 中华人民共和国建设部．民用建筑可靠性鉴定标准(GB 50292-1999)．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1999
[41] 中华人民共和国建设部．工业厂房可靠性鉴定标准(GBJ 144-90)．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1990
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