浅冷装置轻烃冷量回收技术研究
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摘要
本论文通过研究、分析大庆油田天然气分公司现有浅冷装置的运行情况，并经过大量的计算，得到了浅冷装置冷量回收相关数学模型和物性数据；提出了可能的冷量回收流程；并对所提出的流程进行分析，进一步优化，最终提出了可行方案；最后对所提出的优化方案进行了设备选型和经济效益分析。
论文主要研究内容：
（1）现场调研及参数收集，对原料气、干气和轻烃进行组分化验，评价现有浅冷装置相关设备的操作状况，分析装置的冷量使用现状；
（2）建立烃气换热模型，计算轻烃的火用函数变化情况，确定合理的轻烃冷量回收温度区间；
（3）研究轻烃回温过程中，温度、压力、相变之间的关系，确定适宜的换热温度和压力；
（4）研究轻烃回温有相变过程、流量不稳定等特点，确定适宜的换热形式和换热设备；
（5）研究轻烃冷量回收对外输天然气冷量回收的影响；
（6）研究轻烃冷量回收对制冷温度和轻烃收率的影响；
（7）通过对冷量回收对制冷机组负荷及能耗、制冷温度、轻烃收率的影响，进行经济性评价；
（8）通过工艺模拟计算，比较不同方案的优缺点，确定轻烃冷量回收技术最适宜的工艺；
通过该论文的研究，提出了回收500＃浅冷装置的轻烃和外输气冷量的优化方案，实现了节约制冷机组电耗和循环冷却水的目的，所提出的方案具有较高可操作性。该论文研究成功后可为其余浅冷装置轻烃冷量回收改造提供技术支持，具有重要的经济意义。
This paper through research and analysis operation of the gas branch of DaqingOilfield existing shallow condensing unit. And passes through the massive computations,obtained the shallow condensing unit cold quantity recycling correlation mathematicalmodel and the natural data. Proposed the possible cold energy recycling flow. And onthe proposed process for analysis, optimization, and ultimately put forward workableproposals. Finally to the optimization plan which proposed has carried on the equipmentshaping and the economic efficiency analysis.
The paper main contents:
（1）Site investigation and parameters collection. Components of laboratory tests on theraw material gas, dry gas and light hydrocarbons. Evaluation of existing shallowcondensing unit related equipment operating condition. Analysis installment cold energyuse present situation;
（2）Establishment hydrocarbon-gas heat transfer model. Calculation of energy functionchanges of light hydrocarbons. Determine a reasonable amount of light hydrocarbonrecovery cold temperature interval;
（3）Study on temperature rise process of light hydrocarbon in the relationships betweenthe temperature, pressure and phase transitions. Determine the appropriate heatexchanger temperature and pressure;
（4）Phase transition and flow instability characteristics in the study of light hydrocarbonsat elevated temperatures. Determination being suitable heat transfer form and heatexchange equipment;
（5）Study on light hydrocarbon recovering cold energy impact on natural gas recoveringcold energy;
（6）Study on light hydrocarbon recovering cold energy effect on refrigerationtemperature and light hydrocarbon yield;
（7）Through to the recovering cold energy to the refrigeration unit load and the energy consumption, the refrigeration temperature, the light hydrocarbon receives rate theinfluence, and carries on the economic evaluation;
（8）By process simulation, comparative advantages and disadvantages of variousoptions. Determine the most appropriate technology for light hydrocarbon recoveringcold energy;
Through the study of the project, optimization of light hydrocarbons and gas thecooling energy of the recovery500#shallow condensing unit. Achieve the purpose ofsaving refrigeration unit power consumption and circulating cooling water. The proposedscheme has higher operability. Following the success of the project may provide thetechnical support for other shallow condensing unit of light hydrocarbon cold recyclingtransformation. This has important economic significance.
论文主要研究内容：
（1）现场调研及参数收集，对原料气、干气和轻烃进行组分化验，评价现有浅冷装置相关设备的操作状况，分析装置的冷量使用现状；
（2）建立烃气换热模型，计算轻烃的火用函数变化情况，确定合理的轻烃冷量回收温度区间；
（3）研究轻烃回温过程中，温度、压力、相变之间的关系，确定适宜的换热温度和压力；
（4）研究轻烃回温有相变过程、流量不稳定等特点，确定适宜的换热形式和换热设备；
（5）研究轻烃冷量回收对外输天然气冷量回收的影响；
（6）研究轻烃冷量回收对制冷温度和轻烃收率的影响；
（7）通过对冷量回收对制冷机组负荷及能耗、制冷温度、轻烃收率的影响，进行经济性评价；
（8）通过工艺模拟计算，比较不同方案的优缺点，确定轻烃冷量回收技术最适宜的工艺；
通过该论文的研究，提出了回收500＃浅冷装置的轻烃和外输气冷量的优化方案，实现了节约制冷机组电耗和循环冷却水的目的，所提出的方案具有较高可操作性。该论文研究成功后可为其余浅冷装置轻烃冷量回收改造提供技术支持，具有重要的经济意义。
This paper through research and analysis operation of the gas branch of DaqingOilfield existing shallow condensing unit. And passes through the massive computations,obtained the shallow condensing unit cold quantity recycling correlation mathematicalmodel and the natural data. Proposed the possible cold energy recycling flow. And onthe proposed process for analysis, optimization, and ultimately put forward workableproposals. Finally to the optimization plan which proposed has carried on the equipmentshaping and the economic efficiency analysis.
The paper main contents:
（1）Site investigation and parameters collection. Components of laboratory tests on theraw material gas, dry gas and light hydrocarbons. Evaluation of existing shallowcondensing unit related equipment operating condition. Analysis installment cold energyuse present situation;
（2）Establishment hydrocarbon-gas heat transfer model. Calculation of energy functionchanges of light hydrocarbons. Determine a reasonable amount of light hydrocarbonrecovery cold temperature interval;
（3）Study on temperature rise process of light hydrocarbon in the relationships betweenthe temperature, pressure and phase transitions. Determine the appropriate heatexchanger temperature and pressure;
（4）Phase transition and flow instability characteristics in the study of light hydrocarbonsat elevated temperatures. Determination being suitable heat transfer form and heatexchange equipment;
（5）Study on light hydrocarbon recovering cold energy impact on natural gas recoveringcold energy;
（6）Study on light hydrocarbon recovering cold energy effect on refrigerationtemperature and light hydrocarbon yield;
（7）Through to the recovering cold energy to the refrigeration unit load and the energy consumption, the refrigeration temperature, the light hydrocarbon receives rate theinfluence, and carries on the economic evaluation;
（8）By process simulation, comparative advantages and disadvantages of variousoptions. Determine the most appropriate technology for light hydrocarbon recoveringcold energy;
Through the study of the project, optimization of light hydrocarbons and gas thecooling energy of the recovery500#shallow condensing unit. Achieve the purpose ofsaving refrigeration unit power consumption and circulating cooling water. The proposedscheme has higher operability. Following the success of the project may provide thetechnical support for other shallow condensing unit of light hydrocarbon cold recyclingtransformation. This has important economic significance.
引文
[1]吴新阳.天然气浅冷装置冷量回收优化工艺[J].石油炼制与化工,2010,41(5):62-66.
[2]王遇冬.天然气处理与加工工艺[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.4-16.
[3]李国诚，诸林．油气田地面轻烃回收技术[M]．成都：四川科学技术出版社，1998：15-46．
[4]王遇冬,王璐.我国天然气凝液回收工艺的近况与探讨.石油与天然气化工,2005,34(1):11-13.
[5]庄磊.油气初加工系统安全评价及风险防范技术研究[J]．吉林大学硕士论文,2009.
[6]朱旭笛.轻烃回收装置改造的理论和实践[J].油田地面工程(OSE),1994,13(6):31-32.
[7]庄建远，王国丽．国外油气田地面工艺技术发展动向[J]．石油规划设计，2003，14(1)：45-53．
[8]Ishida M,Kawamra,K.Energy and exergy analysis of a chemical process system withdistributed parameters based on the energy direction factor diagram[J].Industrial Engineeringand Chemistry Process Design&Development,1982,21:690-702.
[9]Jin H, Ishida M. Graphical exergy analys is of complex cycles [J].Energy,1993,18:615-625.
[10]庄学武．杏九油气处理装置能平衡测试与分析[J]．大庆石油学院硕士论文,2009.
[11]蒋洪,朱聪.伴生气轻烃回收工艺技术[J].油气田地面工程(OGSE),2000,19(1):4-6.
[12]熊永强,李亚军,华贲.液化天然气冷量利用与轻烃分离集成优化[J].现代化工,2006,26(3):50253.
[13]MAMDOUH G, SALAMEH.Can renewable and unconventional energy sources bridge theglobal energy gap in the21st century, AppliedEnergy,2003.
[14]Rambo C L, W Wilkinson JD, HudsonHM.Liquefied natural gas processing: United States5114451[P].1992,205-219.
[15]王强,历彦忠,陈曦.液化天然气冷能分析及其回收利用[J].流体机械,2003,31(1):56-58.
[16]项敬岩,王海青.换热器效率的影响因素及其在热经济分析中的作用[J].沈阳电力高等专科学校学报,2003,5(2):5-6,11.
[17]蒋洪，朱聪，练章华．提高轻烃回收装置液烃收率[J]．油气田地面工程，2001，20(2)：26-27．
[18]诸林．影响冷凝分离法轻烃回收液化率的因素及其应用[J]．西南石油学院学报，1997，19(1)：84-87．
[19]金丽梅，董群，王德辉.天然气浅冷回收装置工艺优化[J].石油与天然气化工,2005,3（31）:17-21.
[20]王东芳．制冷工艺用于轻烃回收装置设计[J]．油气田地面工程，2004，23(5)：42．
[21]高建保,等.轻烃回收装置的操作参数优化模型[J].石油与天然气化工,1998,27(1):31.
[22]裴红.天然气轻烃回收C3率与装置能耗[J].石油规划设计,2002,13(5):4-5.
[23]吴新阳.天然气浅冷装置冷量回收优化工艺[J].石油炼制与化工,2010,41(5):62-66.
[24]吴国忠,张九龙.天然气浅冷分离装置的能平衡分析[J].节能技术,1995,(2):16-18.
[25]Prim E-Systems and method for recovery off C2+hydrocarbons contained in liquefiednatural gas: US,0158458A1[P].2003,08-21.
[26]王朝霞,王成敏,李东芳.浅论天然轻烃回收工艺的选择[J].油气田地面工程,2002(3):21-49.
[27]Nijinsky B.Process and apparatus for LNG enriching in methane: United States,6986266B2
[P].2006,201217.
[28]Schroeder Craddick K. Cryogenic liquid natural gas recovery process: United States,6907752B2[P].2005,207-221.
[29]卢开和.提高磨溪轻烃回收装置收率研究[J].西南石油学院学报,1999,21(4):99-100.
[30]徐志刚.提高鄯善轻烃回收装置收率研究[J].天然气工业,2001,21(6):83-85.
[31]路芳银,涂彦,袁荔.江苏油田轻烃回收装置生产工艺的改造[J].石油与天然气化工,2006,35(4):268-269.
[32]蔡栋,等.天然气浅冷-油吸收复合轻烃回收工艺.天然气工业,2003,23(4):106-108.
[2]王遇冬.天然气处理与加工工艺[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.4-16.
[3]李国诚，诸林．油气田地面轻烃回收技术[M]．成都：四川科学技术出版社，1998：15-46．
[4]王遇冬,王璐.我国天然气凝液回收工艺的近况与探讨.石油与天然气化工,2005,34(1):11-13.
[5]庄磊.油气初加工系统安全评价及风险防范技术研究[J]．吉林大学硕士论文,2009.
[6]朱旭笛.轻烃回收装置改造的理论和实践[J].油田地面工程(OSE),1994,13(6):31-32.
[7]庄建远，王国丽．国外油气田地面工艺技术发展动向[J]．石油规划设计，2003，14(1)：45-53．
[8]Ishida M,Kawamra,K.Energy and exergy analysis of a chemical process system withdistributed parameters based on the energy direction factor diagram[J].Industrial Engineeringand Chemistry Process Design&Development,1982,21:690-702.
[9]Jin H, Ishida M. Graphical exergy analys is of complex cycles [J].Energy,1993,18:615-625.
[10]庄学武．杏九油气处理装置能平衡测试与分析[J]．大庆石油学院硕士论文,2009.
[11]蒋洪,朱聪.伴生气轻烃回收工艺技术[J].油气田地面工程(OGSE),2000,19(1):4-6.
[12]熊永强,李亚军,华贲.液化天然气冷量利用与轻烃分离集成优化[J].现代化工,2006,26(3):50253.
[13]MAMDOUH G, SALAMEH.Can renewable and unconventional energy sources bridge theglobal energy gap in the21st century, AppliedEnergy,2003.
[14]Rambo C L, W Wilkinson JD, HudsonHM.Liquefied natural gas processing: United States5114451[P].1992,205-219.
[15]王强,历彦忠,陈曦.液化天然气冷能分析及其回收利用[J].流体机械,2003,31(1):56-58.
[16]项敬岩,王海青.换热器效率的影响因素及其在热经济分析中的作用[J].沈阳电力高等专科学校学报,2003,5(2):5-6,11.
[17]蒋洪，朱聪，练章华．提高轻烃回收装置液烃收率[J]．油气田地面工程，2001，20(2)：26-27．
[18]诸林．影响冷凝分离法轻烃回收液化率的因素及其应用[J]．西南石油学院学报，1997，19(1)：84-87．
[19]金丽梅，董群，王德辉.天然气浅冷回收装置工艺优化[J].石油与天然气化工,2005,3（31）:17-21.
[20]王东芳．制冷工艺用于轻烃回收装置设计[J]．油气田地面工程，2004，23(5)：42．
[21]高建保,等.轻烃回收装置的操作参数优化模型[J].石油与天然气化工,1998,27(1):31.
[22]裴红.天然气轻烃回收C3率与装置能耗[J].石油规划设计,2002,13(5):4-5.
[23]吴新阳.天然气浅冷装置冷量回收优化工艺[J].石油炼制与化工,2010,41(5):62-66.
[24]吴国忠,张九龙.天然气浅冷分离装置的能平衡分析[J].节能技术,1995,(2):16-18.
[25]Prim E-Systems and method for recovery off C2+hydrocarbons contained in liquefiednatural gas: US,0158458A1[P].2003,08-21.
[26]王朝霞,王成敏,李东芳.浅论天然轻烃回收工艺的选择[J].油气田地面工程,2002(3):21-49.
[27]Nijinsky B.Process and apparatus for LNG enriching in methane: United States,6986266B2
[P].2006,201217.
[28]Schroeder Craddick K. Cryogenic liquid natural gas recovery process: United States,6907752B2[P].2005,207-221.
[29]卢开和.提高磨溪轻烃回收装置收率研究[J].西南石油学院学报,1999,21(4):99-100.
[30]徐志刚.提高鄯善轻烃回收装置收率研究[J].天然气工业,2001,21(6):83-85.
[31]路芳银,涂彦,袁荔.江苏油田轻烃回收装置生产工艺的改造[J].石油与天然气化工,2006,35(4):268-269.
[32]蔡栋,等.天然气浅冷-油吸收复合轻烃回收工艺.天然气工业,2003,23(4):106-108.