连续波雷达宽带泄漏信号对消技术研究
摘要
连续波雷达相对脉冲雷达有很多优点,比如:测距精度高、在频域内对杂波抑制能力强、区分动目标的能力强、发射机效率高。但连续波雷达存在着严重的载波泄漏问题。本文介绍了调频连续波雷达收发天线直接耦合、馈线泄漏的成因及其对接收机灵敏度的影响,及分析了几种常规的调频连续波雷达及调相连续波雷达发射泄漏抑制方法如:微波自适应对消法、中频自适应对消法。
另外,本文讨论了对消系统的工程设计。作者结合工程实际需要,设计了一个综合了多种对消技术的接收系统,对系统和其中主要模块的设计方案以及工程设计中需要面对和解决的关键技术进行了较为详细的分析,最后通过对对消系统测试数据加以分析,验证了该设计系统的可行性,提出今后的对消技术的发展方向。
CW radar has many advantages to pulse radar, such as: high precision on distance measurement, excellent ability on compressing clutter in spectrum, excellent identifying ability of moving target, high transmitting efficiency. At the same time, there is much transmit leakage in the CW radar. This paper introduces the cause of direct coupling in FMCW radar and the leakage from transceiver antenna, and effect on the sensitivity of the receiver. Finally, several means to restrain the leakage from FWCW and PMCW radar transmitter are discussed, such as: microwave adaptive canceling, IF adaptive canceling of which the math model, electronic principle and the effect are concerned here.
In addition, this paper is emphasized on the engineer design of canceling system. The author has designed a receiver system involving several canceling technology on demand of practice, as well as analyses the design program of main module and key point of engineer design. Finally, there are analysis of system test data and the develop trend of the canceling technology in the paper.
另外,本文讨论了对消系统的工程设计。作者结合工程实际需要,设计了一个综合了多种对消技术的接收系统,对系统和其中主要模块的设计方案以及工程设计中需要面对和解决的关键技术进行了较为详细的分析,最后通过对对消系统测试数据加以分析,验证了该设计系统的可行性,提出今后的对消技术的发展方向。
CW radar has many advantages to pulse radar, such as: high precision on distance measurement, excellent ability on compressing clutter in spectrum, excellent identifying ability of moving target, high transmitting efficiency. At the same time, there is much transmit leakage in the CW radar. This paper introduces the cause of direct coupling in FMCW radar and the leakage from transceiver antenna, and effect on the sensitivity of the receiver. Finally, several means to restrain the leakage from FWCW and PMCW radar transmitter are discussed, such as: microwave adaptive canceling, IF adaptive canceling of which the math model, electronic principle and the effect are concerned here.
In addition, this paper is emphasized on the engineer design of canceling system. The author has designed a receiver system involving several canceling technology on demand of practice, as well as analyses the design program of main module and key point of engineer design. Finally, there are analysis of system test data and the develop trend of the canceling technology in the paper.
引文
[1]俞顺弟,朱为中.调频连续波雷达直接耦合的影响及其消除方法[J].应用科学学报,1995(1):116-120.
[2]张军,阮锦屏.8mm连续波雷达微波对消技术[J].无线电工程,1990(5):8-13.
[3]周勇辉.连续波雷达发射泄漏抑制技术研究[D].南京理工大学硕士论文,2004.
[4]郦舟剑,王东进.毫米波连续波雷达载波泄漏对消-理论分析与系统仿真[J].现代雷达,1998(2):1-11.
[5]F.J.O′Hara,G.M.Moor.A High Performance CW Receiver Using Feedthru Nulling[J].Microwave journal,Sep.1963:50-57.
[6]戴逸民.频率合成与锁相技术[M].中国科学技术大学出版社,1995:67-69.
[7]谢军伟,张旭春.连续波雷达中频自适应对消技术[J].无线电工程,1999(3):4-5.
[8]张永胜.伪码调相连续波雷达的性能与应用研究[D].南京理工大学硕士论文,2004.
[9]丁世杰.伪码调相连续波雷达泄漏对消方法研究[J].无线电工程,1990(2):4-11.
[10]张从霞,张平.伪码连续波雷达抑制发射功率泄漏的新技术[J].火控雷达技术,1994(1):44-51.
[11]李秀成,秦振华.宽带泄漏信号自适应对消器的性能[J].火控雷达技术,1999(12):18-25.
[12]徐泰林 馈通对消环的初步探讨[J].电讯技术,1993(6):13-19.
[13]赵锦华.连续波雷达数字微波对消系统[J].无线电通信技术,1993(3):53-62.
[14]沈新江,李世翔.连续波雷达中频对消技术研究[J].上海航天,1998(2):37-40.
[15]秦振华.泄漏信号的中频自适应对消[J].遥测遥控,1995(3):54-59.
[16]马学坤.有源滤波器设计中运算放大器的设计考虑[J].电视技术,2001(4):103-105.
[17]钱朝晖.采用DDS技术的高性能雷达信号源[J].现代雷达,2002(4):50-52,56.
[18]方立军.全相参雷达频率源设计的几点探讨[J].现代电子,1996(2):36-39.
[19]陈志来.锁相环的辅助频率捕获[J].雷达与对抗,1993(1):42-47.
[20]Jugen Kehrbeck.A novel and inexpensive short range FMCW Radar design[C].International Conference On Radar,1992:54-57.
[21]Piper S O.Homodyne FMCW radar range resolution effects with sinusoidal nonlinearities in the frequency sweep Proc[C].IEEE International Radar Conference,1995:563-567.
[22]B.Widrow,J.R.Glover.Adaptive Nosie Cancelling[J].Principles and Applications Proceeding of the IEEE,1975,12:20-34.
[23]E.H Khan D,K.Mitchell.Wave form analysis for high frequency FMCW radar[J].IEE Processing,1991,5:411-419.
[24]Stove A G.Lincar FMCW radar techniques[J].IEEE Proceedings-F,Radar and Signal Processing,1992,5:343-350.
[25]Piper S O.FMCW linearizer bandwidth requirements[C].IEEE National Radar Conference,1991:142-146.
[26]H.D.Cifffths.New ideas in FM radar[J].Electron Commun Eng·J(UK),1990,2:185-194.
[27]Geoges T M.Coastal Ocean Dynamics Applications Radar-A User's Guide[M].UnitedStates Patent 5361072,1994.
[28]WU Shi-cai,YANg Zi jie,Qie Chang-rong,et al.OSMAR Test in Beihai[J].J Wuhan Univ(Nat Sci Ed),1994,(special Issue):32-37(Ch).
[29]RIHACZEK,A.W Principles of high resolution radar[M].Peninsula Publishing,Los Altos,California,1985.
[30]POOLE,A.W V.On the use of pseudorandom codes for "chirp" radar[J],IEEETrans,1979,AP-27,pp.480-485.
[31]M.I.Skolnik.Radar Handbook[M].New York:Mcgraw-Hill.
[32]R.H.Khan and D.Mitcheel.Wave analysis for high frequency FMICW radar[C].IEE Con#Radar 87,London,1987.
[33]Barrick D E.FM/CW Radar Signal and Digital Processing[R].NOAA Technical ReportERL 283-WPL26.1973.
[34]Barrick D E.EEZ Surveillaince-The Compact HF Radar Altemative[J].Chinese Radio Science,1998,13:423-427(Ch).
[35]Lin Yongtan.Target Detection and Tracking with a High Frequency Ground WaveOver-the-Horizon Radar[C].1996 CIE International Conference of Radar Proceedings,1996:29-33.
[36]Khan R H.Target Detection and Tracking a High-Frequency Ground Wave Radar[J].IEEE J.Oceanic Eng.,1994,19(4):540-548.
[37]A.VOppenheim,R.WSchafcr.Discrete-TimeSignalProcessing[M].EnglewoodClifs,NJ:Pre ctice-Hall,1989.
[38]M.K.Simon,J.K.Omma,R.A.Scholts.Spread Spectrum Communication[J],Column Ⅱ Ⅲ,computer science press,1986.
[39]Nathanson F E,Patrick R,CohenMN,etal.Radar Design Principle-Signal Processing and the Environment[M].[s.1.]McGraw-Hill Inc.,1991.
[40]P D L Beas]ey,A G Stove B J Reits.As Solving the problems of a single antenna frequency modulated CW radar[C].IEEE internationalradar conference,1990.
[2]张军,阮锦屏.8mm连续波雷达微波对消技术[J].无线电工程,1990(5):8-13.
[3]周勇辉.连续波雷达发射泄漏抑制技术研究[D].南京理工大学硕士论文,2004.
[4]郦舟剑,王东进.毫米波连续波雷达载波泄漏对消-理论分析与系统仿真[J].现代雷达,1998(2):1-11.
[5]F.J.O′Hara,G.M.Moor.A High Performance CW Receiver Using Feedthru Nulling[J].Microwave journal,Sep.1963:50-57.
[6]戴逸民.频率合成与锁相技术[M].中国科学技术大学出版社,1995:67-69.
[7]谢军伟,张旭春.连续波雷达中频自适应对消技术[J].无线电工程,1999(3):4-5.
[8]张永胜.伪码调相连续波雷达的性能与应用研究[D].南京理工大学硕士论文,2004.
[9]丁世杰.伪码调相连续波雷达泄漏对消方法研究[J].无线电工程,1990(2):4-11.
[10]张从霞,张平.伪码连续波雷达抑制发射功率泄漏的新技术[J].火控雷达技术,1994(1):44-51.
[11]李秀成,秦振华.宽带泄漏信号自适应对消器的性能[J].火控雷达技术,1999(12):18-25.
[12]徐泰林 馈通对消环的初步探讨[J].电讯技术,1993(6):13-19.
[13]赵锦华.连续波雷达数字微波对消系统[J].无线电通信技术,1993(3):53-62.
[14]沈新江,李世翔.连续波雷达中频对消技术研究[J].上海航天,1998(2):37-40.
[15]秦振华.泄漏信号的中频自适应对消[J].遥测遥控,1995(3):54-59.
[16]马学坤.有源滤波器设计中运算放大器的设计考虑[J].电视技术,2001(4):103-105.
[17]钱朝晖.采用DDS技术的高性能雷达信号源[J].现代雷达,2002(4):50-52,56.
[18]方立军.全相参雷达频率源设计的几点探讨[J].现代电子,1996(2):36-39.
[19]陈志来.锁相环的辅助频率捕获[J].雷达与对抗,1993(1):42-47.
[20]Jugen Kehrbeck.A novel and inexpensive short range FMCW Radar design[C].International Conference On Radar,1992:54-57.
[21]Piper S O.Homodyne FMCW radar range resolution effects with sinusoidal nonlinearities in the frequency sweep Proc[C].IEEE International Radar Conference,1995:563-567.
[22]B.Widrow,J.R.Glover.Adaptive Nosie Cancelling[J].Principles and Applications Proceeding of the IEEE,1975,12:20-34.
[23]E.H Khan D,K.Mitchell.Wave form analysis for high frequency FMCW radar[J].IEE Processing,1991,5:411-419.
[24]Stove A G.Lincar FMCW radar techniques[J].IEEE Proceedings-F,Radar and Signal Processing,1992,5:343-350.
[25]Piper S O.FMCW linearizer bandwidth requirements[C].IEEE National Radar Conference,1991:142-146.
[26]H.D.Cifffths.New ideas in FM radar[J].Electron Commun Eng·J(UK),1990,2:185-194.
[27]Geoges T M.Coastal Ocean Dynamics Applications Radar-A User's Guide[M].UnitedStates Patent 5361072,1994.
[28]WU Shi-cai,YANg Zi jie,Qie Chang-rong,et al.OSMAR Test in Beihai[J].J Wuhan Univ(Nat Sci Ed),1994,(special Issue):32-37(Ch).
[29]RIHACZEK,A.W Principles of high resolution radar[M].Peninsula Publishing,Los Altos,California,1985.
[30]POOLE,A.W V.On the use of pseudorandom codes for "chirp" radar[J],IEEETrans,1979,AP-27,pp.480-485.
[31]M.I.Skolnik.Radar Handbook[M].New York:Mcgraw-Hill.
[32]R.H.Khan and D.Mitcheel.Wave analysis for high frequency FMICW radar[C].IEE Con#Radar 87,London,1987.
[33]Barrick D E.FM/CW Radar Signal and Digital Processing[R].NOAA Technical ReportERL 283-WPL26.1973.
[34]Barrick D E.EEZ Surveillaince-The Compact HF Radar Altemative[J].Chinese Radio Science,1998,13:423-427(Ch).
[35]Lin Yongtan.Target Detection and Tracking with a High Frequency Ground WaveOver-the-Horizon Radar[C].1996 CIE International Conference of Radar Proceedings,1996:29-33.
[36]Khan R H.Target Detection and Tracking a High-Frequency Ground Wave Radar[J].IEEE J.Oceanic Eng.,1994,19(4):540-548.
[37]A.VOppenheim,R.WSchafcr.Discrete-TimeSignalProcessing[M].EnglewoodClifs,NJ:Pre ctice-Hall,1989.
[38]M.K.Simon,J.K.Omma,R.A.Scholts.Spread Spectrum Communication[J],Column Ⅱ Ⅲ,computer science press,1986.
[39]Nathanson F E,Patrick R,CohenMN,etal.Radar Design Principle-Signal Processing and the Environment[M].[s.1.]McGraw-Hill Inc.,1991.
[40]P D L Beas]ey,A G Stove B J Reits.As Solving the problems of a single antenna frequency modulated CW radar[C].IEEE internationalradar conference,1990.