内蒙古绒山羊绒毛生长、脱落期皮肤差异表达基因的研究
|
摘要
绒山羊皮肤毛囊基因表达的模式对绒毛产量和品质有重要的作用,探讨绒山羊绒山羊绒毛生长、脱落时期皮肤基因表达模式的特点对绒山羊的选育具有重要意义。本研究通过功能分类基因芯片对内蒙古绒山羊绒毛生长、脱落时期皮肤基因的表达进行了检测,利用生物信息学的方法对上、下调的基因进行了归纳和分析;对用上、下调最明显的BMP2基因进行了基因芯片的验证,同时利用组织切片原位杂交方法对该基因在毛囊的定位表达进行了分析。结果如下:
1、采用包含288个基因的基因芯片对3月份初生羔羊及5月份成年羊皮肤检测对比结果表明,绒毛脱落期的成年绒山羊羊(5月份成年羊)同绒毛生长期的初生羔羊(3月份初生羔羊)相比,共有8个基因表达上调,占全部基因的3%;共有25个基因表达下调,占全部基因的9.5%。
2、采用包含288个基因的基因芯片对5月份成年绒山羊及9月份成年绒山羊皮肤检测对比结果表明,绒毛生长期的成年绒山羊羊(9月份成年羊)同绒毛休止期的成年绒山羊(5月份成年羊)相比,共有4个基因表达上调,占全部基因的1.5%;共有31个基因表达下调,占全部基因的11.8%。
3、采用包含288个基因的基因芯片对对3月份初生羔羊及9月份成年羊皮肤检测对比结果表明,绒毛生长期的成年绒山羊羊(9月份成年羊)同绒毛生长期的初生羔羊(3月份初生羔羊)相比,共有5个基因表达上调,占全部基因的1.9%;共有44个基因表达下调,占全部基因的16.8%。
4、通过生物信息学分析得出,在下一步的生物学实验中,可将POU3F3、POU5F1、UTF1、KGF、Integrinα6、Trk C及BMP2作为重要的候选基因进行分析。
5、利用GO数据库对基因芯片杂交结果统计分析得出:在绒山羊绒毛生长、脱落时期,初生羔羊及成年羊的相关基因表达具有特异性,且差异表达的基因主要为涉及信号转导及细胞发育类的分子,这些分子以核苷酸结合、蛋白结合、DNA结合或离子结合类分子为主,主要分布于细胞膜、细胞融入膜或细胞融入质膜上。
6、对BMP2基因在内蒙古绒山羊绒毛生长、脱落时期皮肤及毛囊中表达检测的结果表明:BMP2基因在绒山羊绒毛脱落期高表达,是绒毛生长期该基因表达量的27.8倍;原位杂交表明该基因在绒毛脱落期次级毛囊的毛干周围强烈表达,而在兴盛期没有检测到阳性信号。
7、通过不同时期、不同类型皮肤基因表达模式的特点,认为在今后绒山羊毛囊发育分子调控的研究中,可将研究时期固定为毛囊发育休止期,即绒山羊绒毛脱落期,并且可将在这个时期明显高表达的BMP2基因作为参照基因进行分析研究。
The quantity and quality of cashmere are associated mainly with the gene expression mode of skin. So it is crucial to character the mode of gene expression in skin in anagen and telogen.in this study, we analyze the gene expression profile of Cashmere goat skin in anagen and telogen via Functional Classification Microarray. We chose BMP2 for real-time PCR to confirm our result. The results agree with the microarray data. Finally, we investigated the expression of BMP2 gene during anagen and telogen by situ hybridization. The results suggested as following:
1. Analyzed transcriptional differences between adult goats on May and newborn goats on March at gene expression level. Compared with the newborn goats on March, 33 different genes of total 288 genes on the array were differentially two-fold or greater. Among these 33 genes differentially expressed, 8 genes were up-regulated, the percentage was 3%, whereas 25 genes were down-regulated with the percentage 9.5%.
2. Analyzed transcriptional differences between adult goats adult goats on May and adult goats on September at gene expression level. Compared with the adult goats on September, 35 different genes of total 288 genes on the array were differentially two-fold or greater. Among these 35 genes differentially expressed, 4 genes were up-regulated, the percentage was 1.5%, whereas 31 genes were down-regulated with the percentage 11.8%.
3. Analyzed transcriptional differences between newborn goats on March and adult goats on September at gene expression level. Compared with the adult goats on September, 49 different genes of total 288 genes on the array were differentially two-fold or greater. Among these 49 genes differentially expressed, 5 genes were up-regulated, the percentage was 1.9%, whereas 44 genes were down-regulated with the percentage 16.8%.
4. After bioinformatics analysis for all genes differently expressed two-fold or more above, 6 genes associated with hair follicle development were found: POU3F3, POU5F1, UTF1, KGF, Integrinα6, Trk C and BMP2, which can be recognized as candidate gene in future studies.
5. Bioinformatics analysis results reveal that most differently expressed genes were monitored to be relative with cell signal transduction and cell development, which were mainly belong to nucleotide binding, protein binding, DNA binding and ion binding molecule. And these genes were usually located at cell envelope.
6. Real-time quantitative PCR was employed to quantify the BMP2 expression in adult Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat skin. The expression of BMP2 in telogen was 27.8 times greater then expression during anagen phase. No significant change in the level of the expression ofβ-actin (house-keeping gene) was observed at anagen phases. Results of in situ hybridization indicated that BMP2 expressed at hair shaft in secondary hair follicle in telogen. However, it was found to be absent in anagen.
7. Telogen could be recognized as the reference phase and BMP2 gene could be recognized as the reference gene in hair follicle development in future study.
1、采用包含288个基因的基因芯片对3月份初生羔羊及5月份成年羊皮肤检测对比结果表明,绒毛脱落期的成年绒山羊羊(5月份成年羊)同绒毛生长期的初生羔羊(3月份初生羔羊)相比,共有8个基因表达上调,占全部基因的3%;共有25个基因表达下调,占全部基因的9.5%。
2、采用包含288个基因的基因芯片对5月份成年绒山羊及9月份成年绒山羊皮肤检测对比结果表明,绒毛生长期的成年绒山羊羊(9月份成年羊)同绒毛休止期的成年绒山羊(5月份成年羊)相比,共有4个基因表达上调,占全部基因的1.5%;共有31个基因表达下调,占全部基因的11.8%。
3、采用包含288个基因的基因芯片对对3月份初生羔羊及9月份成年羊皮肤检测对比结果表明,绒毛生长期的成年绒山羊羊(9月份成年羊)同绒毛生长期的初生羔羊(3月份初生羔羊)相比,共有5个基因表达上调,占全部基因的1.9%;共有44个基因表达下调,占全部基因的16.8%。
4、通过生物信息学分析得出,在下一步的生物学实验中,可将POU3F3、POU5F1、UTF1、KGF、Integrinα6、Trk C及BMP2作为重要的候选基因进行分析。
5、利用GO数据库对基因芯片杂交结果统计分析得出:在绒山羊绒毛生长、脱落时期,初生羔羊及成年羊的相关基因表达具有特异性,且差异表达的基因主要为涉及信号转导及细胞发育类的分子,这些分子以核苷酸结合、蛋白结合、DNA结合或离子结合类分子为主,主要分布于细胞膜、细胞融入膜或细胞融入质膜上。
6、对BMP2基因在内蒙古绒山羊绒毛生长、脱落时期皮肤及毛囊中表达检测的结果表明:BMP2基因在绒山羊绒毛脱落期高表达,是绒毛生长期该基因表达量的27.8倍;原位杂交表明该基因在绒毛脱落期次级毛囊的毛干周围强烈表达,而在兴盛期没有检测到阳性信号。
7、通过不同时期、不同类型皮肤基因表达模式的特点,认为在今后绒山羊毛囊发育分子调控的研究中,可将研究时期固定为毛囊发育休止期,即绒山羊绒毛脱落期,并且可将在这个时期明显高表达的BMP2基因作为参照基因进行分析研究。
The quantity and quality of cashmere are associated mainly with the gene expression mode of skin. So it is crucial to character the mode of gene expression in skin in anagen and telogen.in this study, we analyze the gene expression profile of Cashmere goat skin in anagen and telogen via Functional Classification Microarray. We chose BMP2 for real-time PCR to confirm our result. The results agree with the microarray data. Finally, we investigated the expression of BMP2 gene during anagen and telogen by situ hybridization. The results suggested as following:
1. Analyzed transcriptional differences between adult goats on May and newborn goats on March at gene expression level. Compared with the newborn goats on March, 33 different genes of total 288 genes on the array were differentially two-fold or greater. Among these 33 genes differentially expressed, 8 genes were up-regulated, the percentage was 3%, whereas 25 genes were down-regulated with the percentage 9.5%.
2. Analyzed transcriptional differences between adult goats adult goats on May and adult goats on September at gene expression level. Compared with the adult goats on September, 35 different genes of total 288 genes on the array were differentially two-fold or greater. Among these 35 genes differentially expressed, 4 genes were up-regulated, the percentage was 1.5%, whereas 31 genes were down-regulated with the percentage 11.8%.
3. Analyzed transcriptional differences between newborn goats on March and adult goats on September at gene expression level. Compared with the adult goats on September, 49 different genes of total 288 genes on the array were differentially two-fold or greater. Among these 49 genes differentially expressed, 5 genes were up-regulated, the percentage was 1.9%, whereas 44 genes were down-regulated with the percentage 16.8%.
4. After bioinformatics analysis for all genes differently expressed two-fold or more above, 6 genes associated with hair follicle development were found: POU3F3, POU5F1, UTF1, KGF, Integrinα6, Trk C and BMP2, which can be recognized as candidate gene in future studies.
5. Bioinformatics analysis results reveal that most differently expressed genes were monitored to be relative with cell signal transduction and cell development, which were mainly belong to nucleotide binding, protein binding, DNA binding and ion binding molecule. And these genes were usually located at cell envelope.
6. Real-time quantitative PCR was employed to quantify the BMP2 expression in adult Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat skin. The expression of BMP2 in telogen was 27.8 times greater then expression during anagen phase. No significant change in the level of the expression ofβ-actin (house-keeping gene) was observed at anagen phases. Results of in situ hybridization indicated that BMP2 expressed at hair shaft in secondary hair follicle in telogen. However, it was found to be absent in anagen.
7. Telogen could be recognized as the reference phase and BMP2 gene could be recognized as the reference gene in hair follicle development in future study.
引文
1 Paus R,Cotsarelis G.The biology of hair follicles[J].The New England Journal of Medicine.1999,341(7):491-497
2 Hardy M.H. The differentiation of hair follicles and hairs in organ culture. Adv. [J] Biol skin,1996(9):35-60
3 Harmon CS, Nevins TD. Hair fibre production by human hair follicles in whole-organ culture. [J] Br J Dermatol, 1994, 130:415-423
4 Moore GPM, Du Cross DL, et al. Hair growth induction: roles of growth factors. [J] Acad Sci, 1991, 642:308-3251
5吕中法.毛乳头细胞与毛囊生长周期. [J]重庆医学, 2000,29(2):161-163
6 Ralf Paus, George Cotsarelis.The biology of hair follicles. [J] The New England Journal of Medicine, 1999, 341(7):491-497
7 Rogers GE, Hair follicle differentiation and regulation. [J] J. Dev. Biol, 2004, 48: 163-170
8 Philpott M, Paus R. Principles of hair follicle morphogenesis In: Molecular Basis of Epithelial Appendage Morphogenesis, [M] TX: Landes, 1998.75-110
9 Botchkarevn VA, Kishimoto J.Molecular Control of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions during Hair Follicle Cycling. Symposium Proceedings,2003,8:46-55
10 Sven Muller-Rover, Bori Handjiski.A Comprehensive Guide for the Accurate Classitifacation of Murine Hair Follicles in Distinct Hair Cycle Stages. [J] The journal of investigative dermatology,2001,117(1 ):3-15
11 Cotsarelis G, Sun TT, Lavker RM. Label-retaining cells reside in the bulge area of pilosebaceous unit: implications for follicular stem cells, hair cycle, and skin carcinogenesis. [J] Cell,1990,61:1329-1337
12 Pinkus H. Factors in the formation of club hair In: Hair, Trace Elements, and Human Illness, edited by Brown AC and Crounse RG. New York: Praeger Scientific, 1980.147-154
13 Botchkarev VA, Ralf Paus.Molecular biology of hair morphogenesis: Development and cycling. [J] Journal of experimental zoology,2003,298B:164-180
14 Moore, K. A. & Lemischka, I. R. Stemcells and their niches. [J] Science, 2006, 311, 1880 1885
15 Fuchs, E. Tumbar, T. Socializing with the neighbors: stem cells and their niche. [J] Cell 2004, 116, 769 778
16 Plikus MV, Mayer JA, Cyclic dermal BMP signalling regulates stem cell activation during hair regeneration. [J] Nature. 2008, 451(7176):340-344
17 Botchkarev, V. A. Noggin is required for induction of the hair follicle growth phase in postnatal skin. [J] FASEB J.2001, 15, 2205 2214
18 Blanpain, C. Lowry, W. Self-renewal,multipotency, and the existence of two cell populations within an epithelial stem cell niche. [J] Cell, 2004, 118, 635 648
19 Durward, A. & Rudall, K.M. Studies on hair growth in the rat. [J] J. Anat. 1949, 83, 325 335
20 Plikus, M. V. Chuong, C. M. Complex hair cycle domain patterns and regenerative hairwaves in living rodents. [J] J. Invest. Dermatol, 2008, 128(5):1071-1080
21 Ebling, F. J. & Johnson, E. Systemic influence on activity of hair follicles in skin homografts. [J] J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 1961, 9, 285 293
22 Chase, H. Growth of the hair. [J] Physiol. Rev. 1954, 34, 113 126
23 Paus, R., Stenn, K. S. & Link, R. E. Telogen skin contains an inhibitor of hair growth. [J] Br. J. Dermatol. 1990, 122, 777 784
24李国强,纪影畅,李宇.毛囊形态发生的分子机制[J].国外医学皮肤性病学分册,2004,30(1):38-40
25 Hardy M H. The secret life of the hair follicle. [J]Trends Genet, 1992, (8):55-61
26 Reddy S, Andl T, Bagasra A, et al. Characterization of Wnt gene expression in developing and postnatal hair follicles and identification of Wnt5a as a targetof Sonic hedgehog in hair follicle morphogenesis[J]. Mech Dev, 2001, 107:69-82
27 Andl T, Reddy ST, Gaddapara T, et al. WNT signals are required for the initiation of hair follicle development [J]. Dev Cell, 2002, 2:643-653
28 Yan M, Wang L C, Hymowitz S G, et al. Two-amino acid molecular switch in an epithelial morphogen that regulates binding to two distinct receptors[J]. Science, 2000, 290:523-527
29 Kumar A, Eby M T, Sinha S, et al. The ectodermal dysplasia receptor activates the nuclear factor-kappaB, JNK, and cell death pathways and binds to ectodysplasin [J]. A J Biol Chem, 2001, 276:2668-2677
30 Jamora C, DasGupta R, Kocieniewski P,et al. Links betweensignal transduction, transcription and adhesion in epithelial bud development[J].Nature,2003,422: 317-322.
31 Huelsken J, Vogel R, Erdmann B,et al. Beta-catenin controls hair follicle morphogenesis and stem cell differentiation in the skin[J]. Cell, 2001, 105:533-545
32 Botchkarev V A, Botchkareva N V, Roth W, et al. Noggin is a mesenchymally derived stimulator of hair-follicle induction [J]. Nat Cell Biol, 1999, 1:158-164
33 Kishimoto J, Burgeson R E, Morgan B A. Wnt signaling maintains the hair-inducing activity of the dermal papilla [J]. Genes, 2000 Dev, 14: 1181-1185
34 Millar S E, Willert K, Salinas P C. WNT signaling in the control of hair growth and structure[J]. Dev Biol, 1999, 207:133-149
35 Moon R T, Kohn A D, De Ferrari GV, et al. WNT and betacatenin signalling diseases and therapies [J]. Nat Rev Genet, 2004, 5:691-701
36 Dunn S M, Keough R A, Rogers GE, et al. Regulation of a hair follicle keratin intermediate filament gene promoter [J]. J Cell Sci, 1999, 111:3487-3496
37 Saitoh A, Hansen L A, Vogel J C, et al Characterization of Wnt gene expression in murine skin: possible involvement of epidermis-derived Wnt-4 in cutaneous epithelial-mesenchymal interactions[J]. Exp Cell Res, 1998, 243:150-160
38高爱琴.成纤维细胞生长因子5(FGF5)基因cDNA克隆及在不同品种绵羊和山羊中的多态性研究[D].内蒙古农业大学博士学位论文,2005
39 Huelsken J. Requirement of NF-kappaB/Rel for the development of hair follicles and other epidermal appendices [J]. Development, 2001, 128:3843-3853
40 Ullrich R, Paus R. Molecular principles of hair follicle induction and morphogenesis [J]. BioEssays, 2005, 27(3):247-261
41 Hardy MH. The secret life of the hair follicle. [J] Trends Genet, 1992, 8:55-61
42 Stenn KS. Molecular insights into the hair follicle and its pathology: a review of recent developments. [J] International Journal of Dermatology, 2003, 42: 40-43
43 Panteleyev AA, Colin ABJ. Hair follicle predetermination. [J] Journal of cell science, 2001, 114:3419-431
44 Jena N, Martin-Seisdedos C, McCue P, Croce C M. BMP7 null mutation in mice: developmental defects in skeleton, kidney, and eye [J]. Exp Cell Res, 1997; 230: 28-37
45 Blessing M, Nanney LB, King LE, Jones CM, Hogan BL. Transgenic mice as a model to study the role of TGF-beta-related molecules in hair follicles [J]. Genes Dev, 1993, 7: 204-15
46 Hebert J M, Rosenquist T, Gotz J, Martin G R. FGF5 as a regulator of the hair growth cycle: evidence from targeted and spontaneous mutations [J]. Cell, 1994, 78: 1017-25
47 Rosenquist T A, Martin G R. Fibroblast growth factor signalling in the hair growth cycle: expression of the fibroblast growth factor receptor and ligand genes in the murine hair follicle [J]. Dev Dyn, 1996, 205: 379-86
48 Sundberg J P. Angora mouse mutation: altered hair cycle, follicular dystrophy, phenotypic maintenance of skin grafts, and changes in keratin expression [J]. Vet Pathol, 1997, 34: 171-9
49 Nguyen H Q, Danilenko D M. Expression of keratinocyte growth factor in embryonic liver of transgenic mice causes changes in epithelial growth and differentiation resulting in polycystic kidneys and other organ malformations [J]. Oncogene, 1996, 12: 2109-19
50 Ullrich R, Paus R. Molecular principles of hair follicle induction and morphogenesis [J]. BioEssays, 2005, 27(3):247-261
51 Wang LC, Liu ZY, Gambardella L, et al. Regular articles:conditional disruption of hedgehog signaling pathway defines its critical role in hair development and regeneration[J]. J Invest Dermatol, 2000, 114(5):901-908
52 St-Jacques B, Dassule H R, Karavanova I, et al. Sonic hedgehog signaling is essential for hair development [J]. Curr Biol, 1998, 1058-1068
53 Chiang C, Swan R Z, Grachtchouk M, et al. Essential role for Sonic hedgehog during hair follicle morphogenesis[J]. Dev Biol, 1999, 205:1-9
54 Ting-Berreth S A, Chuong C M. Sonic Hedgehog in feather morphogenesis: inductionof mesenchymal condensation and association with cell death[J]. Dev Dyn, 1996, 207(2):157-170
55 Pelton R W, Dickinson M E, Moses H L, Hogan BL. In situ hybridization analysis of TGF beta 3 RNA expression during mouse development: comparative studies with TGF beta 1 and beta 2[J]. Development, 1990, 110: 609-20
56 Paus R, Foitzik K. Transforming growth factor-B receptor type I and type II expression durin murine hair follicle development and cycling [J]. J Invest Dermatol. 1997, 109: 518-26
57 Sellheyer K, Bickenbach J R. Inhibition of skin development by overexpression of transforming growth factor beta 1 in the epidermis of transgenic mice [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci, 1993, 90: 5237-41
58 Foitzik K, Paus R, Doetschman T, Dotto GP. The TGF-beta2 isoform is both a required and sufficient inducer of murine hair follicle morphogenesis[J]. Dev Biol, 1999, 212: 278-89
59 Crowe R, Henrique D, Horowicz D, et al. A new role for Notch and Delta in cell fate decisions patterning the feather array [J]. Development, 1998, 125(4):767-775
60 Oswald F, Liptay S, Adler G, et al.NF-kB2 is a putative target gene of activated Notch1 via RBPJk.Mol [J] Cell Biol, 1998, 18(4):2077-2088
61 Powell B C, Passmore E A, Nesci A, et al. The Notch signalling pathway in hair growth [J]. Mech Dev, 1998, 78(12):189-192
62 Lin M H, Leimeister C, Gessler M, et al. Activation of the Notch pathway in the hair cortex leads to aberrant differentiation of the adjacent hair sh aft layers [J]. Development, 2000, 127(11):2421-2432
63宋志强,郝飞.毛乳头及毛囊生长调控的若干研究进展[J].重庆医学,2003,32(8):1087-1089
64 Stenn K S,Paus R. Controls of Hair Follicle Cycling[J].Physiological reviews, 2001,81(1):449-494
65 Peus D, Pittelkow M R. Growth factors in hair organ development and the hair growth cycle [J]. Ddrmatol Clin, 1996, 14(4):559
66 Stenn K S ,Combates N J,Eilertsen K J,et al. Hair follicle growth controls.Ddrmatol Clin,1996,14(4):543
67 Seiberg M, Marthinuss J, Stenn K S. Changes in expression of apoptosis-associated gene in skin mark early catagen [J]. Invest Dermatol, 1995, 104(1):78
68 Huelsken J. Requirement of NF-kappaB/Rel for the development of hair follicles and other epidermal appendices [J]. Development, 2001, 128:3843-3853
69 Kishimoto J, Burgeson RE, Morgan BA: Wnt signaling maintains the hair-inducing activity of the dermal papilla. Genes Dev,2000,14:1181-1185
70 Kozlowska U, Blume-peytavi U. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in v arious compartments of the human hair follicle[J]. Arch Dermatol Res, 1998, 290:661-668
71 Lindner G, Botchkarev V A, Botchkareva N V. Analysis of apoptosis during hair follicle regression (catagen)[J].Am J Pathol,1999,151:1601-1617
72 Alonso L, Fuchs E. The hair cycle [J]. Journal of Cell Science, 2006, 119:391-393
73 Rosenquist T A, Martin G R. Fibroblast growth factor signalling in the hair growth cycle: expression of the fibroblast growth factor receptor and ligand genes in the murine hair follicle [J]. Dev Dyn, 1996, 205:379-386
74 Hebert J M, Rosenquist T, Gotz J, et al. FGF5 as a regulator of the hair growth cycle evidence from targeted and spontaneous mutations[J].Cell,1994,78:1017-1025
75 Hansen L A, Alexander N, Hogan ME, et al. Genetically null mice reveal a central role for epidermal growth factor receptor in the differentiation of the hair follicle and normal hair development [J]. Am J Pathol, 1997, 150:1959-1975
76 Paus R, Muller-Rover S, Botchkarev V A Chronobiology of the hair follicle: hunting the“hair cycle clock”[J]. J Investi Dermatol Symp Proc, 1999b, 4:338-345
77 Ahmad W, Faiyaz ul Haque M, Brancolini V, et al. Alopecia universalis associated with a mutation in the human hairless gene[J]. Science, 1998, 279:720-724
78 Panteleyev A A, van der Veen C, Rosenbach T,et al. Towards defining the pathogenesis of the hairless phenotype[J].J Invest Dermatol,1998,110:902-907
79 Wang LC, Liu ZY, Gambardella L,et al. Regular articles:conditional disruption of hedgehog signaling pathway defines its critical role in hair development and regeneration[J]. J Invest Dermatol,2000,114(5):901-908
80 Sato N, Leopold P L, Crystal R G.Induction of the hair growth phase in postnatal mice by localized transient expression of Sonic hedgehog[J]. J Clin Invest, 1999,104:855-864
81蔡湘娜,李宇.毛乳头在毛囊生长发育过程中的核心作用[J].中国美容医学,2004,13(3):370-372
82 Wei,YLuZ,YuanCetal.,Moleeular eleertonies the strategies and progress in China. 1997,[J] Eng Med Biol Mag.1997,16(4):53-61
83 Fodor SP,Read JL,Light-direeted,spatially addressable parallel cehemieal synthesis.[J] Seienee.1991, 15:251(4995):767-73.
84 BeheshtiB. RC.Pak. Mieorarray CGH. [J] Methods Mol Biol. 2002, 204:191-207
85 Park SJ. Taton TA. Array 2based electrical detection of DNA with nanoparticle probes. [J] Science. 2002, 295(5559):1503-1506.
86 Yang IV. Chen E. Within the fold: assessing differential expression measures and reproducibility in microarray assays. [J] Genome Biol. 2002, 24:3(11)
87徐景升,张木清等.基因芯片技术及在农业上的应用[J].福建农林大学学报, 2002 ,3 (31):62～66.
88张于光,李迪强等.基因芯片及其在环境微生物研究中的应用[J].微生物学报,2004 ,6 (44).
89邢婉丽,程京.生物芯片技术[M].清华大学出版社,2004.
90 Meltzer P S. Spotting the target: microarrays for disease gene discovery [J]. Curr Opin Genet Dev, 2001, 11(3):258-263.
91 Murphy D. Gene expression studies using microarrays: principles, problems and prospects [J]. Adv PhysiolEduc, 2002, 26 4):256-270.
92 Miguel A R,Alfonso M T,Rogelio M R,et al. Fingerprinting of prokaryotic 16S rRNA genes using oligo oxyribonucleotide microarrays and virtual hybridization[J]. Nuc Acids Res, 2003, 31(2):779-789.
93马立人,蒋中华.生物芯片[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2000.
94侯秀良等.山羊绒与细支绵羊纤维的鉴别[J].上海纺织科技,1999,3 :58-60.
95姚穆.毛绒纤维鉴别与检验[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,1997.
96 Lee S H. Transcriptional profiling using a novel cDNA array identifies differential gene expression during porcine embryo elongation [J]. Mol Reprod Dev, 2005, 71: 129-139.
97 Chen S J, Su Y D, H siu FM, et al. Surface plasmon resonance phase-shift interfere-ometry: real-time DNA microarray hybridization analysis[J]. Biomed Opt, 2005, 10 (3): 34-35.
98 Ledger T N, Pinton P, Bourges D, et a1. Development of a microarray to specifically analyze immunological gene expression in swine [J]. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol, 2004, 11: 691-698.
99 Moser R J, Reverter A, Kerr C A, et a1. Lehnert. A mixed model approach for the analysis of cDNA microarray gene exression data from extreme-performing pigs after infection with act inobacillus pleuro-pneumoniae [J]. Anim Sci, 2004, 82: 1261-1271.
100李金泉.内蒙古绒山羊育种方法的研究[D].中国农业大学博士论文,2004
101Russel A J. Fibre production from sheep and goats[J].The progress of sheep and research,1992,11:235-256
102张春兰.内蒙古阿尔巴斯白绒山羊毛囊生长周期性变化与KAP6cDNA的特征分析[D].内蒙古农业大学硕士论文,2003
103李长青.绒山羊毛囊周期性变化与兴盛期毛囊KAP13-1基因的表达[D].内蒙古农业大学硕士学位论文,2005
104张燕军.内蒙古绒山羊皮肤毛囊发育规律及Hoxc9基因的研究. [D].内蒙古农业大学硕士学位论文,2007
105尹俊.内蒙古绒山羊毛囊发育、生长周期及相关基因的研究[D],内蒙古大学博士论文,2004
106 Different gene expression profile observed in dermal papilla cells related to androgenic alopecia by DNA macroarray analysis. Midorikawa T, Chikazawa T, Yoshino T, Takada K, Arase S. Journal of dermatological science. [J] 2004, 36, 25-32.Biological Science Research Center, Lion Corporation, Odawara City, 100 Tajima Odawara, Kanagawa 256-0811, Japan.
107 Kevin K. Lin, Darya Chudova, et al. Identification of hair cycle-associated genes from time-course gene expression profile data by using replicate variance. Development Al Biology. [J]2004,101(45):15955-15960
108杨岐生.同源异形域结构及对DNA的识别. [J]化学与生物物理进展, 1996, 23(1): 29-33
109 Huang C C, Herr W. Differential control of transcription by homologous homeodomain coregulators. [J] Mol Cell Biol, 1996, 16 (6): 2967-2976
110 Whitfield T. Early embryonic expression of XLPOU-60, a Xenop us POU-domain protein. [J] Dec Biol, 1995, 169: 759-769
111 Ginis I, Luo Y Differences between human and mouse embryonic stem cells. [J] Dev Biol, 2004. 269(2):360-380
112 Carpenter MK, Rosler ES. Properties of four human embryonic stem cell lines maintained in a feeder-free culture system. [J] Dev Dyn, 2004. 229(2):243-258
113 Braun S, Krampert M. Keratinocyte growth factor protects epidermis and hair follicles from cell death induced by UV irradiation, chemotherapeutic or cytotoxic agents. [J] J Cell Sci. 2006 119(23):4841-4819
114 Danilenko DM, Ring BD. Keratinocyte growth factor is an important endogenous mediator of hair follicle growth, development, and differentiation. [J] Am J Pathol. 1995, 147(1):145-154
115 Marchand-Adam S, Plantier L, Bernuau D, et al. Keratinocyte growth factor expression by fibroblasts in pulmonary fibrosis: poor response to interleukin-1beta. [J] Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 2005, 32(5): 470-477
116 Nowak JA, Fuchs E. Isolation and culture of epithelial stem cells. [J] Methods Mol Biol. 2009, 482:215-232
117 Botchkarev VA, Botchkarev NV Neurotrophin-3 involvement in the regulation of hair follicle morphogenesis. [J] J Invest Dermatol. 1998, 111(2):279-285
118 Rulifson E J, Wu C H, Nusse R. Pathway specificity by the biofunctional receptor frizzled is determined by affinity for wingless [J]. Mol Cell, 2000, 6: 117-126.
119肖秀英,孙孟红.Wnt信号转导通路与肿瘤的研究进展[J].临床与实验病理学杂志,2005,20 (3).
120马波,易红昆.Wnt信号途径生物活性的概述[J].国外医学分子生物学分册,2001,23 (1).
121 Miller J.R. Wnt signaling transductiona [A]. In: Alison M. The cancer handbook [M]. London: Nature publishing group, 2002.195-208.
122 Han-Sung Jung, Philippa H. Francis-West, Randall B. Widelitz,Ting-Xin Jiang, Sheree Ting-Berreth, Cheryll Tickle,Lewis Wolpert, and Cheng-Ming Chuong. Local Inhibitory Action of BMPs and Their Relationships with Activators in Feather Formation: Implications for Periodic Patterning. [J] Developmental Biology. 1998, 196: 11–23.
123 BOTCHKAREV V A , BOTCHKAREVA N V , Nakamura M , et al. Noggin is required for induction of the hair follicle growth phase in postnatal skin. [ J ] ASEB J, 2001, 15 (12) : 2205- 2214.
124 Overbergh L, Giulietti A, Valckx D, et al. The use of real-time reverse transcriptase PCR for the quantification of cytokine gene expression. [J]J Bio molecular Tech, 2003, 14 33-43
125 Han-Sung Jung, Philippa H. Francis-West, Randall B. Widelitz,Ting-Xin Jiang, Sheree Ting-Berreth, Cheryll Tickle,Lewis Wolpert, and Cheng-Ming Chuong. Local Inhibitory Action of BMPs and Their Relationships with Activators in Feather Formation: Implications for Periodic Patterning. [J] Developmental Biology. 1998, 196:11–23.
126 R. J. VAN EXAN , M. H. HARDY. A spatial relationship between innervation and the early differentiation of vibrissa folicles in the embryonic mouse. [J] Innervation of hair follicle development. 1980, 131:643-656.
2 Hardy M.H. The differentiation of hair follicles and hairs in organ culture. Adv. [J] Biol skin,1996(9):35-60
3 Harmon CS, Nevins TD. Hair fibre production by human hair follicles in whole-organ culture. [J] Br J Dermatol, 1994, 130:415-423
4 Moore GPM, Du Cross DL, et al. Hair growth induction: roles of growth factors. [J] Acad Sci, 1991, 642:308-3251
5吕中法.毛乳头细胞与毛囊生长周期. [J]重庆医学, 2000,29(2):161-163
6 Ralf Paus, George Cotsarelis.The biology of hair follicles. [J] The New England Journal of Medicine, 1999, 341(7):491-497
7 Rogers GE, Hair follicle differentiation and regulation. [J] J. Dev. Biol, 2004, 48: 163-170
8 Philpott M, Paus R. Principles of hair follicle morphogenesis In: Molecular Basis of Epithelial Appendage Morphogenesis, [M] TX: Landes, 1998.75-110
9 Botchkarevn VA, Kishimoto J.Molecular Control of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions during Hair Follicle Cycling. Symposium Proceedings,2003,8:46-55
10 Sven Muller-Rover, Bori Handjiski.A Comprehensive Guide for the Accurate Classitifacation of Murine Hair Follicles in Distinct Hair Cycle Stages. [J] The journal of investigative dermatology,2001,117(1 ):3-15
11 Cotsarelis G, Sun TT, Lavker RM. Label-retaining cells reside in the bulge area of pilosebaceous unit: implications for follicular stem cells, hair cycle, and skin carcinogenesis. [J] Cell,1990,61:1329-1337
12 Pinkus H. Factors in the formation of club hair In: Hair, Trace Elements, and Human Illness, edited by Brown AC and Crounse RG. New York: Praeger Scientific, 1980.147-154
13 Botchkarev VA, Ralf Paus.Molecular biology of hair morphogenesis: Development and cycling. [J] Journal of experimental zoology,2003,298B:164-180
14 Moore, K. A. & Lemischka, I. R. Stemcells and their niches. [J] Science, 2006, 311, 1880 1885
15 Fuchs, E. Tumbar, T. Socializing with the neighbors: stem cells and their niche. [J] Cell 2004, 116, 769 778
16 Plikus MV, Mayer JA, Cyclic dermal BMP signalling regulates stem cell activation during hair regeneration. [J] Nature. 2008, 451(7176):340-344
17 Botchkarev, V. A. Noggin is required for induction of the hair follicle growth phase in postnatal skin. [J] FASEB J.2001, 15, 2205 2214
18 Blanpain, C. Lowry, W. Self-renewal,multipotency, and the existence of two cell populations within an epithelial stem cell niche. [J] Cell, 2004, 118, 635 648
19 Durward, A. & Rudall, K.M. Studies on hair growth in the rat. [J] J. Anat. 1949, 83, 325 335
20 Plikus, M. V. Chuong, C. M. Complex hair cycle domain patterns and regenerative hairwaves in living rodents. [J] J. Invest. Dermatol, 2008, 128(5):1071-1080
21 Ebling, F. J. & Johnson, E. Systemic influence on activity of hair follicles in skin homografts. [J] J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 1961, 9, 285 293
22 Chase, H. Growth of the hair. [J] Physiol. Rev. 1954, 34, 113 126
23 Paus, R., Stenn, K. S. & Link, R. E. Telogen skin contains an inhibitor of hair growth. [J] Br. J. Dermatol. 1990, 122, 777 784
24李国强,纪影畅,李宇.毛囊形态发生的分子机制[J].国外医学皮肤性病学分册,2004,30(1):38-40
25 Hardy M H. The secret life of the hair follicle. [J]Trends Genet, 1992, (8):55-61
26 Reddy S, Andl T, Bagasra A, et al. Characterization of Wnt gene expression in developing and postnatal hair follicles and identification of Wnt5a as a targetof Sonic hedgehog in hair follicle morphogenesis[J]. Mech Dev, 2001, 107:69-82
27 Andl T, Reddy ST, Gaddapara T, et al. WNT signals are required for the initiation of hair follicle development [J]. Dev Cell, 2002, 2:643-653
28 Yan M, Wang L C, Hymowitz S G, et al. Two-amino acid molecular switch in an epithelial morphogen that regulates binding to two distinct receptors[J]. Science, 2000, 290:523-527
29 Kumar A, Eby M T, Sinha S, et al. The ectodermal dysplasia receptor activates the nuclear factor-kappaB, JNK, and cell death pathways and binds to ectodysplasin [J]. A J Biol Chem, 2001, 276:2668-2677
30 Jamora C, DasGupta R, Kocieniewski P,et al. Links betweensignal transduction, transcription and adhesion in epithelial bud development[J].Nature,2003,422: 317-322.
31 Huelsken J, Vogel R, Erdmann B,et al. Beta-catenin controls hair follicle morphogenesis and stem cell differentiation in the skin[J]. Cell, 2001, 105:533-545
32 Botchkarev V A, Botchkareva N V, Roth W, et al. Noggin is a mesenchymally derived stimulator of hair-follicle induction [J]. Nat Cell Biol, 1999, 1:158-164
33 Kishimoto J, Burgeson R E, Morgan B A. Wnt signaling maintains the hair-inducing activity of the dermal papilla [J]. Genes, 2000 Dev, 14: 1181-1185
34 Millar S E, Willert K, Salinas P C. WNT signaling in the control of hair growth and structure[J]. Dev Biol, 1999, 207:133-149
35 Moon R T, Kohn A D, De Ferrari GV, et al. WNT and betacatenin signalling diseases and therapies [J]. Nat Rev Genet, 2004, 5:691-701
36 Dunn S M, Keough R A, Rogers GE, et al. Regulation of a hair follicle keratin intermediate filament gene promoter [J]. J Cell Sci, 1999, 111:3487-3496
37 Saitoh A, Hansen L A, Vogel J C, et al Characterization of Wnt gene expression in murine skin: possible involvement of epidermis-derived Wnt-4 in cutaneous epithelial-mesenchymal interactions[J]. Exp Cell Res, 1998, 243:150-160
38高爱琴.成纤维细胞生长因子5(FGF5)基因cDNA克隆及在不同品种绵羊和山羊中的多态性研究[D].内蒙古农业大学博士学位论文,2005
39 Huelsken J. Requirement of NF-kappaB/Rel for the development of hair follicles and other epidermal appendices [J]. Development, 2001, 128:3843-3853
40 Ullrich R, Paus R. Molecular principles of hair follicle induction and morphogenesis [J]. BioEssays, 2005, 27(3):247-261
41 Hardy MH. The secret life of the hair follicle. [J] Trends Genet, 1992, 8:55-61
42 Stenn KS. Molecular insights into the hair follicle and its pathology: a review of recent developments. [J] International Journal of Dermatology, 2003, 42: 40-43
43 Panteleyev AA, Colin ABJ. Hair follicle predetermination. [J] Journal of cell science, 2001, 114:3419-431
44 Jena N, Martin-Seisdedos C, McCue P, Croce C M. BMP7 null mutation in mice: developmental defects in skeleton, kidney, and eye [J]. Exp Cell Res, 1997; 230: 28-37
45 Blessing M, Nanney LB, King LE, Jones CM, Hogan BL. Transgenic mice as a model to study the role of TGF-beta-related molecules in hair follicles [J]. Genes Dev, 1993, 7: 204-15
46 Hebert J M, Rosenquist T, Gotz J, Martin G R. FGF5 as a regulator of the hair growth cycle: evidence from targeted and spontaneous mutations [J]. Cell, 1994, 78: 1017-25
47 Rosenquist T A, Martin G R. Fibroblast growth factor signalling in the hair growth cycle: expression of the fibroblast growth factor receptor and ligand genes in the murine hair follicle [J]. Dev Dyn, 1996, 205: 379-86
48 Sundberg J P. Angora mouse mutation: altered hair cycle, follicular dystrophy, phenotypic maintenance of skin grafts, and changes in keratin expression [J]. Vet Pathol, 1997, 34: 171-9
49 Nguyen H Q, Danilenko D M. Expression of keratinocyte growth factor in embryonic liver of transgenic mice causes changes in epithelial growth and differentiation resulting in polycystic kidneys and other organ malformations [J]. Oncogene, 1996, 12: 2109-19
50 Ullrich R, Paus R. Molecular principles of hair follicle induction and morphogenesis [J]. BioEssays, 2005, 27(3):247-261
51 Wang LC, Liu ZY, Gambardella L, et al. Regular articles:conditional disruption of hedgehog signaling pathway defines its critical role in hair development and regeneration[J]. J Invest Dermatol, 2000, 114(5):901-908
52 St-Jacques B, Dassule H R, Karavanova I, et al. Sonic hedgehog signaling is essential for hair development [J]. Curr Biol, 1998, 1058-1068
53 Chiang C, Swan R Z, Grachtchouk M, et al. Essential role for Sonic hedgehog during hair follicle morphogenesis[J]. Dev Biol, 1999, 205:1-9
54 Ting-Berreth S A, Chuong C M. Sonic Hedgehog in feather morphogenesis: inductionof mesenchymal condensation and association with cell death[J]. Dev Dyn, 1996, 207(2):157-170
55 Pelton R W, Dickinson M E, Moses H L, Hogan BL. In situ hybridization analysis of TGF beta 3 RNA expression during mouse development: comparative studies with TGF beta 1 and beta 2[J]. Development, 1990, 110: 609-20
56 Paus R, Foitzik K. Transforming growth factor-B receptor type I and type II expression durin murine hair follicle development and cycling [J]. J Invest Dermatol. 1997, 109: 518-26
57 Sellheyer K, Bickenbach J R. Inhibition of skin development by overexpression of transforming growth factor beta 1 in the epidermis of transgenic mice [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci, 1993, 90: 5237-41
58 Foitzik K, Paus R, Doetschman T, Dotto GP. The TGF-beta2 isoform is both a required and sufficient inducer of murine hair follicle morphogenesis[J]. Dev Biol, 1999, 212: 278-89
59 Crowe R, Henrique D, Horowicz D, et al. A new role for Notch and Delta in cell fate decisions patterning the feather array [J]. Development, 1998, 125(4):767-775
60 Oswald F, Liptay S, Adler G, et al.NF-kB2 is a putative target gene of activated Notch1 via RBPJk.Mol [J] Cell Biol, 1998, 18(4):2077-2088
61 Powell B C, Passmore E A, Nesci A, et al. The Notch signalling pathway in hair growth [J]. Mech Dev, 1998, 78(12):189-192
62 Lin M H, Leimeister C, Gessler M, et al. Activation of the Notch pathway in the hair cortex leads to aberrant differentiation of the adjacent hair sh aft layers [J]. Development, 2000, 127(11):2421-2432
63宋志强,郝飞.毛乳头及毛囊生长调控的若干研究进展[J].重庆医学,2003,32(8):1087-1089
64 Stenn K S,Paus R. Controls of Hair Follicle Cycling[J].Physiological reviews, 2001,81(1):449-494
65 Peus D, Pittelkow M R. Growth factors in hair organ development and the hair growth cycle [J]. Ddrmatol Clin, 1996, 14(4):559
66 Stenn K S ,Combates N J,Eilertsen K J,et al. Hair follicle growth controls.Ddrmatol Clin,1996,14(4):543
67 Seiberg M, Marthinuss J, Stenn K S. Changes in expression of apoptosis-associated gene in skin mark early catagen [J]. Invest Dermatol, 1995, 104(1):78
68 Huelsken J. Requirement of NF-kappaB/Rel for the development of hair follicles and other epidermal appendices [J]. Development, 2001, 128:3843-3853
69 Kishimoto J, Burgeson RE, Morgan BA: Wnt signaling maintains the hair-inducing activity of the dermal papilla. Genes Dev,2000,14:1181-1185
70 Kozlowska U, Blume-peytavi U. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in v arious compartments of the human hair follicle[J]. Arch Dermatol Res, 1998, 290:661-668
71 Lindner G, Botchkarev V A, Botchkareva N V. Analysis of apoptosis during hair follicle regression (catagen)[J].Am J Pathol,1999,151:1601-1617
72 Alonso L, Fuchs E. The hair cycle [J]. Journal of Cell Science, 2006, 119:391-393
73 Rosenquist T A, Martin G R. Fibroblast growth factor signalling in the hair growth cycle: expression of the fibroblast growth factor receptor and ligand genes in the murine hair follicle [J]. Dev Dyn, 1996, 205:379-386
74 Hebert J M, Rosenquist T, Gotz J, et al. FGF5 as a regulator of the hair growth cycle evidence from targeted and spontaneous mutations[J].Cell,1994,78:1017-1025
75 Hansen L A, Alexander N, Hogan ME, et al. Genetically null mice reveal a central role for epidermal growth factor receptor in the differentiation of the hair follicle and normal hair development [J]. Am J Pathol, 1997, 150:1959-1975
76 Paus R, Muller-Rover S, Botchkarev V A Chronobiology of the hair follicle: hunting the“hair cycle clock”[J]. J Investi Dermatol Symp Proc, 1999b, 4:338-345
77 Ahmad W, Faiyaz ul Haque M, Brancolini V, et al. Alopecia universalis associated with a mutation in the human hairless gene[J]. Science, 1998, 279:720-724
78 Panteleyev A A, van der Veen C, Rosenbach T,et al. Towards defining the pathogenesis of the hairless phenotype[J].J Invest Dermatol,1998,110:902-907
79 Wang LC, Liu ZY, Gambardella L,et al. Regular articles:conditional disruption of hedgehog signaling pathway defines its critical role in hair development and regeneration[J]. J Invest Dermatol,2000,114(5):901-908
80 Sato N, Leopold P L, Crystal R G.Induction of the hair growth phase in postnatal mice by localized transient expression of Sonic hedgehog[J]. J Clin Invest, 1999,104:855-864
81蔡湘娜,李宇.毛乳头在毛囊生长发育过程中的核心作用[J].中国美容医学,2004,13(3):370-372
82 Wei,YLuZ,YuanCetal.,Moleeular eleertonies the strategies and progress in China. 1997,[J] Eng Med Biol Mag.1997,16(4):53-61
83 Fodor SP,Read JL,Light-direeted,spatially addressable parallel cehemieal synthesis.[J] Seienee.1991, 15:251(4995):767-73.
84 BeheshtiB. RC.Pak. Mieorarray CGH. [J] Methods Mol Biol. 2002, 204:191-207
85 Park SJ. Taton TA. Array 2based electrical detection of DNA with nanoparticle probes. [J] Science. 2002, 295(5559):1503-1506.
86 Yang IV. Chen E. Within the fold: assessing differential expression measures and reproducibility in microarray assays. [J] Genome Biol. 2002, 24:3(11)
87徐景升,张木清等.基因芯片技术及在农业上的应用[J].福建农林大学学报, 2002 ,3 (31):62～66.
88张于光,李迪强等.基因芯片及其在环境微生物研究中的应用[J].微生物学报,2004 ,6 (44).
89邢婉丽,程京.生物芯片技术[M].清华大学出版社,2004.
90 Meltzer P S. Spotting the target: microarrays for disease gene discovery [J]. Curr Opin Genet Dev, 2001, 11(3):258-263.
91 Murphy D. Gene expression studies using microarrays: principles, problems and prospects [J]. Adv PhysiolEduc, 2002, 26 4):256-270.
92 Miguel A R,Alfonso M T,Rogelio M R,et al. Fingerprinting of prokaryotic 16S rRNA genes using oligo oxyribonucleotide microarrays and virtual hybridization[J]. Nuc Acids Res, 2003, 31(2):779-789.
93马立人,蒋中华.生物芯片[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2000.
94侯秀良等.山羊绒与细支绵羊纤维的鉴别[J].上海纺织科技,1999,3 :58-60.
95姚穆.毛绒纤维鉴别与检验[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,1997.
96 Lee S H. Transcriptional profiling using a novel cDNA array identifies differential gene expression during porcine embryo elongation [J]. Mol Reprod Dev, 2005, 71: 129-139.
97 Chen S J, Su Y D, H siu FM, et al. Surface plasmon resonance phase-shift interfere-ometry: real-time DNA microarray hybridization analysis[J]. Biomed Opt, 2005, 10 (3): 34-35.
98 Ledger T N, Pinton P, Bourges D, et a1. Development of a microarray to specifically analyze immunological gene expression in swine [J]. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol, 2004, 11: 691-698.
99 Moser R J, Reverter A, Kerr C A, et a1. Lehnert. A mixed model approach for the analysis of cDNA microarray gene exression data from extreme-performing pigs after infection with act inobacillus pleuro-pneumoniae [J]. Anim Sci, 2004, 82: 1261-1271.
100李金泉.内蒙古绒山羊育种方法的研究[D].中国农业大学博士论文,2004
101Russel A J. Fibre production from sheep and goats[J].The progress of sheep and research,1992,11:235-256
102张春兰.内蒙古阿尔巴斯白绒山羊毛囊生长周期性变化与KAP6cDNA的特征分析[D].内蒙古农业大学硕士论文,2003
103李长青.绒山羊毛囊周期性变化与兴盛期毛囊KAP13-1基因的表达[D].内蒙古农业大学硕士学位论文,2005
104张燕军.内蒙古绒山羊皮肤毛囊发育规律及Hoxc9基因的研究. [D].内蒙古农业大学硕士学位论文,2007
105尹俊.内蒙古绒山羊毛囊发育、生长周期及相关基因的研究[D],内蒙古大学博士论文,2004
106 Different gene expression profile observed in dermal papilla cells related to androgenic alopecia by DNA macroarray analysis. Midorikawa T, Chikazawa T, Yoshino T, Takada K, Arase S. Journal of dermatological science. [J] 2004, 36, 25-32.Biological Science Research Center, Lion Corporation, Odawara City, 100 Tajima Odawara, Kanagawa 256-0811, Japan.
107 Kevin K. Lin, Darya Chudova, et al. Identification of hair cycle-associated genes from time-course gene expression profile data by using replicate variance. Development Al Biology. [J]2004,101(45):15955-15960
108杨岐生.同源异形域结构及对DNA的识别. [J]化学与生物物理进展, 1996, 23(1): 29-33
109 Huang C C, Herr W. Differential control of transcription by homologous homeodomain coregulators. [J] Mol Cell Biol, 1996, 16 (6): 2967-2976
110 Whitfield T. Early embryonic expression of XLPOU-60, a Xenop us POU-domain protein. [J] Dec Biol, 1995, 169: 759-769
111 Ginis I, Luo Y Differences between human and mouse embryonic stem cells. [J] Dev Biol, 2004. 269(2):360-380
112 Carpenter MK, Rosler ES. Properties of four human embryonic stem cell lines maintained in a feeder-free culture system. [J] Dev Dyn, 2004. 229(2):243-258
113 Braun S, Krampert M. Keratinocyte growth factor protects epidermis and hair follicles from cell death induced by UV irradiation, chemotherapeutic or cytotoxic agents. [J] J Cell Sci. 2006 119(23):4841-4819
114 Danilenko DM, Ring BD. Keratinocyte growth factor is an important endogenous mediator of hair follicle growth, development, and differentiation. [J] Am J Pathol. 1995, 147(1):145-154
115 Marchand-Adam S, Plantier L, Bernuau D, et al. Keratinocyte growth factor expression by fibroblasts in pulmonary fibrosis: poor response to interleukin-1beta. [J] Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 2005, 32(5): 470-477
116 Nowak JA, Fuchs E. Isolation and culture of epithelial stem cells. [J] Methods Mol Biol. 2009, 482:215-232
117 Botchkarev VA, Botchkarev NV Neurotrophin-3 involvement in the regulation of hair follicle morphogenesis. [J] J Invest Dermatol. 1998, 111(2):279-285
118 Rulifson E J, Wu C H, Nusse R. Pathway specificity by the biofunctional receptor frizzled is determined by affinity for wingless [J]. Mol Cell, 2000, 6: 117-126.
119肖秀英,孙孟红.Wnt信号转导通路与肿瘤的研究进展[J].临床与实验病理学杂志,2005,20 (3).
120马波,易红昆.Wnt信号途径生物活性的概述[J].国外医学分子生物学分册,2001,23 (1).
121 Miller J.R. Wnt signaling transductiona [A]. In: Alison M. The cancer handbook [M]. London: Nature publishing group, 2002.195-208.
122 Han-Sung Jung, Philippa H. Francis-West, Randall B. Widelitz,Ting-Xin Jiang, Sheree Ting-Berreth, Cheryll Tickle,Lewis Wolpert, and Cheng-Ming Chuong. Local Inhibitory Action of BMPs and Their Relationships with Activators in Feather Formation: Implications for Periodic Patterning. [J] Developmental Biology. 1998, 196: 11–23.
123 BOTCHKAREV V A , BOTCHKAREVA N V , Nakamura M , et al. Noggin is required for induction of the hair follicle growth phase in postnatal skin. [ J ] ASEB J, 2001, 15 (12) : 2205- 2214.
124 Overbergh L, Giulietti A, Valckx D, et al. The use of real-time reverse transcriptase PCR for the quantification of cytokine gene expression. [J]J Bio molecular Tech, 2003, 14 33-43
125 Han-Sung Jung, Philippa H. Francis-West, Randall B. Widelitz,Ting-Xin Jiang, Sheree Ting-Berreth, Cheryll Tickle,Lewis Wolpert, and Cheng-Ming Chuong. Local Inhibitory Action of BMPs and Their Relationships with Activators in Feather Formation: Implications for Periodic Patterning. [J] Developmental Biology. 1998, 196:11–23.
126 R. J. VAN EXAN , M. H. HARDY. A spatial relationship between innervation and the early differentiation of vibrissa folicles in the embryonic mouse. [J] Innervation of hair follicle development. 1980, 131:643-656.