基于数值模拟的钢筋混凝土矩形墩柱爆炸响应及破坏形态研究
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摘要
由于战争和偶然事故引起的爆炸冲击荷载对建筑物结构的危害日趋严重,公路桥梁作为国民基础设施的重要组成部分,也受到同样的威胁。目前桥梁结构在爆炸冲击荷载作用下的动力响应及破坏形态研究还处于起步阶段。钢筋混凝土墩柱是桥梁工程中广泛应用的基本承重构件之一,研究其在爆炸荷载作用下的动力响应及破坏形态十分必要。首先,论文阐述了爆炸现象、爆炸冲击波基本理论,以及爆炸空气冲击波计算方法;提出了结构抗爆分析的特点及方法。
其次,论文从钢筋与混凝土材料特性出发,分别讨论了两种材料单轴受力时的本构关系以及两种材料在动力冲击荷载下的材料特性,给出了混凝土在冲击荷载作用下的断裂破坏标准;以波动理论、冲量理论(动量守恒理论)和能量守恒理论三个经典力学理论为基础,分析了爆炸荷载作用下RC墩柱的动力反应特性;提出了RC墩柱在爆炸荷载作用下剪切破坏与弯曲破坏的判定标准。
最后,论文基于钢筋混凝土有限元基本理论,采用大型有限元ANSYS计算软件,建立了钢筋混凝土矩形墩柱的有限元模型,应用ANSYS动力分析程序中的谐波响应分析模块模拟爆炸脉冲荷载,对钢筋混凝土矩形墩柱在爆炸荷载作用下动力响应及破坏形态进行了系统的分析;同时,分别研究了爆速、爆炸荷载作用位置、混凝土强度、纵向钢筋以及箍筋配筋率等基本参数对钢筋混凝土矩形墩柱爆炸响应及破坏形态的影响,得出了一些有益的结论。论文的研究成果可为桥梁结构的抗爆设计提供技术支持。
Because the blast load caused by warfare and accidents endangers the building structure seriously day by day, Highway bridge as the important component of the national infrastructure receives the same threat. At present, the study of bridge’s dynamic response and failure shape under the blast load is still at the starting stage. Reinforced concrete columnar pier is widely used as basic frame member in bridges construction, so the study on dynamic response and failure shape of RC columnar pier under explosive blast load is very essential. At first, the explosion phenomenon, the basic theory of the blasting shock waves and the computing technology of the blasting shock waves is explained in the thesis. The paper proposed the characteristic and method of structural antiknock analysis.
Secondly, proceeding from material characteristic of reinforcing bar and concrete, the thesis separately discussed the constitutional relationship of two kinds of materials when stressed in single axle and the material characteristic under dynamic impact load. The paper provided the standard of the concrete fracture disruption under the impact load. Basing on waving theory、impulse theory (theory of conservation of momentum) and theory of conservation of energy, the dynamic response characteristic of RC columnar pier under explosive blast load is analyzed in the thesis. It proposed the judge standard between shear failure and bending failure of RC columnar pier under explosive blast load.
Finally, applying the theory of RC structural finite element method, the paper used finite element analysis software ANSYS, established the finite element analysis model of RC columnar pier. It utilized harmonic response analysis module of ANSYS dynamic analysis procedure to simulate exploding impulsive loading, and analyzed systematically dynamic response and failure shape of RC rectangle columnar pier under explosive blast load. By studied separately the influence on the dynamic response and failure shape of RC mound column, such as exploding speed, blast load position, the concrete strength, the reinforced rate of longitudinal bar and stirrup, it draw some beneficial conclusions. The results of research in the thesis can offer technical support for the antiknock design of bridge Structure.
其次,论文从钢筋与混凝土材料特性出发,分别讨论了两种材料单轴受力时的本构关系以及两种材料在动力冲击荷载下的材料特性,给出了混凝土在冲击荷载作用下的断裂破坏标准;以波动理论、冲量理论(动量守恒理论)和能量守恒理论三个经典力学理论为基础,分析了爆炸荷载作用下RC墩柱的动力反应特性;提出了RC墩柱在爆炸荷载作用下剪切破坏与弯曲破坏的判定标准。
最后,论文基于钢筋混凝土有限元基本理论,采用大型有限元ANSYS计算软件,建立了钢筋混凝土矩形墩柱的有限元模型,应用ANSYS动力分析程序中的谐波响应分析模块模拟爆炸脉冲荷载,对钢筋混凝土矩形墩柱在爆炸荷载作用下动力响应及破坏形态进行了系统的分析;同时,分别研究了爆速、爆炸荷载作用位置、混凝土强度、纵向钢筋以及箍筋配筋率等基本参数对钢筋混凝土矩形墩柱爆炸响应及破坏形态的影响,得出了一些有益的结论。论文的研究成果可为桥梁结构的抗爆设计提供技术支持。
Because the blast load caused by warfare and accidents endangers the building structure seriously day by day, Highway bridge as the important component of the national infrastructure receives the same threat. At present, the study of bridge’s dynamic response and failure shape under the blast load is still at the starting stage. Reinforced concrete columnar pier is widely used as basic frame member in bridges construction, so the study on dynamic response and failure shape of RC columnar pier under explosive blast load is very essential. At first, the explosion phenomenon, the basic theory of the blasting shock waves and the computing technology of the blasting shock waves is explained in the thesis. The paper proposed the characteristic and method of structural antiknock analysis.
Secondly, proceeding from material characteristic of reinforcing bar and concrete, the thesis separately discussed the constitutional relationship of two kinds of materials when stressed in single axle and the material characteristic under dynamic impact load. The paper provided the standard of the concrete fracture disruption under the impact load. Basing on waving theory、impulse theory (theory of conservation of momentum) and theory of conservation of energy, the dynamic response characteristic of RC columnar pier under explosive blast load is analyzed in the thesis. It proposed the judge standard between shear failure and bending failure of RC columnar pier under explosive blast load.
Finally, applying the theory of RC structural finite element method, the paper used finite element analysis software ANSYS, established the finite element analysis model of RC columnar pier. It utilized harmonic response analysis module of ANSYS dynamic analysis procedure to simulate exploding impulsive loading, and analyzed systematically dynamic response and failure shape of RC rectangle columnar pier under explosive blast load. By studied separately the influence on the dynamic response and failure shape of RC mound column, such as exploding speed, blast load position, the concrete strength, the reinforced rate of longitudinal bar and stirrup, it draw some beneficial conclusions. The results of research in the thesis can offer technical support for the antiknock design of bridge Structure.
引文
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[14]黄俊德,殷沐德,朱锡,朱凌等.爆炸载荷下固支方板大变形德塑性动响应[J].海军工程学报,1984:23-28
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[16] Krauthammer T,Bazeos N,Holmquist TJ,Modified SDOF analysis of RC box-type structures [J] .Journal of Structural Engineering,1986,112(4):726-744
[17] Krauthammer T,Assadi2LamoukiA,ShanaHM.Analysis of impulsively Loaded reinforced concrete elements-I.implementation[J] .Computer sand Structures,1993,48(5):851-860
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[20] Ross TJ.Direct shear failure in reinforced concrete beams under impulsive loading[R].AFWL-TR-83284,Kirtland Air Force Base,NM:AirForce Weapons Laboratory,1983
[21] Ayaho Miyamoto,Michael W King,Manabu Fuji.Analysis of failure modes for reinforced concrete slabs under impulsive loads. ACI Structural Journal[J] .1991,(9-10):538-545
[22] Nemkumar Banrhia,Sidney Mindes,J F Trottier. Impact resistance of steel fiber reinforced concreteACI Materials Journal[J] .Title no. 93-M54,472-479
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