灰坝辐射井排渗系统施工技术与受力性能研究
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摘要
灰坝辐射井排渗系统工程是用于坝体加固的新型技术,它通过降低排灰场的水位,确保挡灰坝体的稳定性。本文在广泛查阅国内外相关研究成果的基础上,以耒阳电厂灰坝辐射井排渗系统为工程背景,采用工程实用计算和有限元模拟的方法对辐射井和顶管的受力特性进行分析,并结合现场实际情况,对辐射井下沉、导流钢管铺设、反滤式辐射管道铺设等关键施工技术进行研究,主要内容和成果如下:
     1.采用地质钻探、化学成分分析、室内土工试验和现场测试相结合的方法,对电厂湿排法产生的粉煤灰堆积层的化学成分、物理力学特性、水理特性进行分析,确定了粉煤灰各分层的物理性质、压缩特性、水理特性、强度指标和地基承载力。
     2.针对电厂水排粉煤灰层的物理力学特性,研究适合于电厂水排粉煤灰自然堆积层的辐射井施工技术,对辐射井制作、下沉、封底各工况进行了力学计算和施工工艺研究。
     3.分析了本工程出现“灰涌”的原因,分别制定了处理局部“灰涌”和大面积“灰涌”的工程措施,保证了工程的顺利进行。
     4.研究了粉煤灰层中非开挖法铺设导流钢管技术,并对以下关键施工技术进行深入研究,提出了行之有效的工艺措施。①减小顶进阻力技术;②无法利用导向仪和纠偏钻头时顶进方向控制技术;③导流钢管井间对接技术;④防治灰涌的开孔技术等。
     5.研究了非开挖方法在粉煤灰层中铺设ABS辐射管的施工技术。
     6.根据项力计算结果,研制了双缸75t顶管机,并在施工过程中对钢套管的接头处理工艺进行改进和完善,辅助使用已有的小吨位水平钻机,成功解决了在狭窄的竖井中进行辐射管和导流钢管水平安设的施工技术难题。
     7.分别按工程实用计算和有限元模拟的方法,对顶管顶推过程中的辐射井内力和变位、井壁土压力进行分析,以确保施工的顺利进行。
The seepage and drainage system of ash-shield embankment radiating well is a creative technology which is adopted to strengthen the dam and guarantee the stability of the dam body for retaining ash by decreasing the water level of the ash yard. After a survey on the relevant research results at home and abroad, and taking the seepage and drainage system of ash-shield embankment radiating well in Leiyang Power Station as the project background, this paper intends to analyze the pressure situation on radiating well and pipe-jacking by employing appropriate calculation method and finite element numerical modeling, and do research on the vital construction technologies, such as the settlement of such a radiating well, the pipe laying of the diversion steel tubes and the pipes. The main jobs and conclusion include:
     1. Through the combination of drilling technology, chemical constituents analysis, soil tests and field test, chemical constituents, physical and mechanical properties, hydrolytic property of the fly ash accumulation Horizon caused by wet discharging technique were analyzed in .detail. As a result, the physical property, Compression Properties, hydrolytic property, strength index and ground bearing capacity were confirmed.
     2. For the physical and mechanical properties of the cumulating fly ash layer, suitable radiating well construction technology was carefully studied on. Necessary mechanical calculation and construction technology research were carried out under the operation conditions of the construction, settlement, bottom sealing of the radiating well.
     3.The causes of "ash stream" in this project were dug out. Respective engineering measures for partial and general "ash stream" were formulated to ensure the project could go on smoothly.
     4. The researches on the pipe laying of the diversion steel tubes by non-tunnel method and other vital construction technologies were made, and subsequently effective measures were put forward. These vital construction technologies include:①resistance-decreasing technology;②the technology of heading direction control without the help of the direction indicator and rectification bits;③the connection technology of the diversion steel tubes among wells;④the drilling technology to harness "ash stream"
     5.The construction technology of laying ABS radiating well pipes in cumulating fly ash layer according to the non-tunnel method.
     6.According to the calculated result and the reality of my enterprise, a twin-plunger push bench pipe mill was excogitated and the treatment toward the joints of the steel jacket was improved, assisting with small tonnage horizontal drilling machines, thus the difficulty in horizontal equipment of radiating well pipes and the diversion steel tubes in narrow vertical wells was managed to be settled.
     7.Adopted the methods of numeral simulation calculation and practical calculation, the displacement, internal force of the radiating well earth pressure on the well during the jacking pipe pushed forward were carefully analyzed.
引文
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